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Student voiceFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Student voicedescribes the distinct perspectives and actions of young people throughout schools focused on education.[1] "Student
voice is giving students the ability to influence learning to include policies, programs, contexts and principles."[2]
Contents[hide]
1 Definition
2 Practice
2.1 Administrative approaches
2.2 Curricular approaches
2.2.1 Service learning
2.3 Student as education decision-makers
3 Worldwide examples
3.1 Australia
3.2 Canada
3.3 Chile
3.4 United Kingdom
3.5 Ireland
3.6 United States
4 Outcomes
5 Criticism
6 See also
7 School examples
8 References
Definition
Student voice is the individual and collective perspective and actions of young people within the context of learning and education.[3] It is
identified in schools as both a metaphorical practice[4] and as a pragmatic concern.[5]
PracticeStudent voice work is premised on the following convictions:
Young people have unique perspectives on learning, teaching, and schooling;
Their insights warrant not only the attention but also the responses of adults; and
They should be afforded opportunities to actively shape their education.[6]
Several typologies differentiate the practices that identify as student voice.[7][8][9] One identifies multiple roles for students throughout the
education system, including education planning, research, teaching, evaluating, decision-making andadvocacy.[10]
Administrative approaches
The presence and engagement of student voice has been seen as essential to theeducational process since at least the time ofJohn
Dewey, if not long before. In 1916 Dewey wrote extensively about the necessity of engaging student experience and perspectives in the
curriculum of schools, summarizing his support by saying,:
The essence of the demand for freedom is the need of conditions which will enable an individual to make his own special contribution
to a group interest, and to partake of its activities in such ways that social guidance shall be a matter of his own mental attitude, and
not a mere authoritative dictation of his acts.[11]
Today student voice is seeing a resurgence of importance as a growing body of literature[12] increasingly identifies student voice as
necessary throughout the educational process[13]. Areas where advocates encourage actively acknowledging student voice include
curriculum design and instructional methods, Educational leadership and general school reform activities, including research and
evaluation[14].
Curricular approaches
Specific types of activities that can specifically engage student voice includeteaching, education decision-making, school planning,
participatory action research, learning and teaching evaluations, educational advocacy, and student advisories forprincipals and
superintendents[15]
Service learningEngaging student voice is a primary objective ofservice learning, which commonly seeks to entwine classroom learning objectives with
community service opportunities. Student voice is also present instudent government programs, experiential education activities, and
other forms ofstudent-centered learning.
Further information: Service learning
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Student as education decision-makers
Engaging students as educational decision-makers is the practice of activelyteachingyoung peopleresponsibility for theireducation
by systematicallyengaging them in making choices about learning, schooling, and the education system in areas ranging from what
affects them personally to what affects an entirestudent body to what affects the entireschool system.
Choosing curricula, calendar year planning, school building design, teacher hiring, and many more issues are often seen as the duties of
a school principal orteachers. Today those roles are increasingly seen as avenues for student voice. Students are joiningboards of
education at all levels, including local, district, and state boards. Someeducation agencies engage students as staff in programs where
they make decisions about grant making, school assessment, and other areas[16]. Students are also participate indecision-making by
establishing and enforcing codes of conduct and in personal education decision-making, such as choosing classes and deciding whether
to attend school.
Worldwide examples
Education reform has long been the domain of parents, teachers, school administrators and politicians. In some nations, however, there
is a trend beginning to encompass a much larger element of student participation in scholastic affairs.
Australia
TheConnect journal, published in Melbourne, features dozens of examples of student voice throughout education in its bi-monthly
publication.
TheVictorian Student Representative Council is the umbrella or peak body of Student Councils in Victoria, Australia. It is supported with
funding from the Victorian Department of Education and Early Childhood Development (DEECD) and auspiced by theYouth Affairs
Council of Victoria (YACVic) . The VicSRC is an organisation run by secondary school students, elected by their peers.
Canada
Including student voice on district school boards was mandated by the Ontario Education Act in 1998. Students in each one of the 72
provincial school boards are represented by a 'pupil representative', commonly called "Student Trustee". They are meant to represent the
needs and concerns of students in discussions with the school board administration and the province. TheOntario Student Trustees'
Association, OSTA-AECO , has become Ontario's chief student stakeholder, providing professional development to its members and
advocates for students' educational interests.[17] The Society for Democratic Education is an organization inToronto that includes many
aspects of heightened student inclusion in education reform policy. The Society for Democratic Education was founded in early 2005 by
Bianca Wylie. It has published several essays and position papers that discuss the importance of wide-scale education reform,
especially in how it applies to secondary level education and civic education.[18]
Another Canadian organization of note is Learning for a Cause founded in 2004 by educator and poetMichael Ernest SweetLearning for a
Cause which promotes student voices for social change through creative writing and publishing opportunities for Canadian students.
Provincial governments and Ministries of Education across Canada are also getting on board with student engagement and student voice.
Alberta Education launched Speak Out - the Alberta Student Engagement Initiative in November 2008 and thousands of students have
been sharing their ideas on how to improve how education looks and feels for them.Speak OutOntario's SpeakUp initiative seeks students ideas on what strengthens their engagement in their learning. Over 2900 SpeakUp projects
led by students have received grants. The 9 Student Voice indicators are the outcome of regional student forums held across the
province. The members of the Minister's First Student Advisory Council met in May and August 2009 and have made four key
recommendations. The members of the Second Minister's Student Advisory Council have been selected, and have already met in May
2010, and are to meet again in August. More information is available atSpeakUp
Chile
A powerful example of student voice in school improvement comes from the2006 student protests in Chile. Throughout the spring of that
year, public high school students from across the country began a series of protests, school takeovers, and negotiations designed to
bolster support for public education improvement. After seeing the massive effect of the students, government officials met their demands
and are working to support ongoing reforms as necessitated by students.
United Kingdom
TheEnglish Secondary Student's Association is the representative body for secondary students in England. It aims to support students
in expressing their views about education by providing workshops and a network of support with other secondary school students. The
National College for School Leadership provides career-long learning and development opportunities, professional and practical support for
England's existing and aspiring school leaders. Their goal is to ensure that school leaders have the skills, recognition, capacity and
ambition to transform the school education system into the best in the world.[19] The Phoenix Education Trust is the organisation that
helped to found ESSA and currently provides the students with administrative support. It aims to explore and support education in which
children are trusted and respected and their participation in decision-making is encouraged.[20]involver support schools to develop
sustainable structures for effective student voice, school councils and participation, and work with teachers and pupils in primary,
secondary and special schools.[21] involver provides training, resources, ongoing support and access to a large UK network of schools.
The Organizing Bureau of European School Students Unions is the umbrella organisation for secondary school student organisations in
European.[22] Some state schools are also pushing student Voice internally and independently across the UK. Schools likeQuintin
Kynaston School are now recognised for having one of the largest and most active Student Voice 'faculties' in the country.
IrelandIn Ireland, the Irish Second-Level Students' Union (ISSU) is the national umbrella body for second-level school Student Councils.[23]
United States
SoundOut is the only nonprofit education program in the US solely focused on engaging student voice throughout education. SoundOut
works with students, educators, administrators, policy-makers, and academics to raise the profile, substance, and effect of student voice
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Schools porta l
Education portal
in K-12 settings across the country[24]. The National Youth Rights Association advocates for increased recognition for student rights in
schools, including the right to privacy, student access to records, and student representation throughout the education system. What
Kids Can Do shares stories of student voice throughout the educational process, both within the school system and throughout the
community. Their highlights emphasize exceptional learning, belonging, and engagement of students in a variety of capacities for a variety
of purposes, the greatest of which is in order to promote student voice. WKCD has authored several books about student voice, primarily
written by Kathleen Cushman working with high school students, includingFires in the Bathroom: Advice from high schools students for
teachers and Sent to the Principal's Office.[25] Education|Evolving integrates student voices with current major topics in education policy
and maintains an online clearinghouse of student voices on education policy. Their website also has students describing the learning
experiences on video.[26] The High School Survey of Student Engagement works with high schools across the country to capture
students' beliefs and experiences, and strengthen student engagement in schools.
Outcomes
Student voice is increasingly identified as a pillar of successfulschool reform, as educational researchers, academic institutions, and
educational support organizations around the world increasingly advocate for the inclusion of students in the reform process after
identifying student voice as a vital element ofstudent engagement[27].
Criticism
Critical educators including bell hooks, Paulo Freire, and Henry Giroux have voiced concern with the singular notion of a student voice.
Another expert has written about this over-simplification, saying that:
It is not enough to simply listen to student voice. Educators have an ethical imperative to do something with students, and that is
why meaningful student involvement is vital to school improvement.[28]
See also
Youth voice
Student engagement
Teaching for social justice
Student-centered learning
Student activism
Collaborative learning
Democratic school
Service learning
Experiential learning
Project-based learning
Anarchistic free school
Unschool
Educational progressivismPersonal learning environments
Inquiry education
Learning by teaching (LdL)
Youth-adult partnerships
Intergenerational equity
Minimally Invasive Education
School examples
St Augustine's School
Quintin Kynaston School (UK)
Avalon Charter School, St. Paul, Minnesota
Community High School (Ann Arbor, Michigan)The Nova Project (Seattle, Washington)
Summerhill School (UK)
Kirkdale School (UK)
Sudbury-style schools (US)
Coalition of Essential Schools
Jane Addams School for Democracy
Goddard College
The Evergreen State College
Overseas Family School
References
1. ^ Fletcher, A. (n.d.) "Broadening the bounds of involvement: Transforming schools with student voice." New Horizons for Learning.
2. ^ Harper, D. (2000). Students as Change Agents: The Generation Y Model. Olympia, WA: Generation Y.3. ^ SoundOut.Student Voice Tip Sheet . Accessed 12/18/06.
4. ^ Britzman, D. (1989). "Who has the floor? Curriculum teaching and the English student teacher's struggle for voice",Curriculum Inquiry.
19(2), 143-162.
5. ^ Rogers, A. (2005). "Student voice: Bridges to learning." Seattle: University of Washington.
6. ^ Cook-Sather, A. (2006). Sound, Presence, and Power: Exploring Student Voice in Educational Research and Reform. Curriculum Inquiry
36, 4 (Winter), 359-390
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7. ^ Fielding, M. (2004). New wave student voice and the renewal of civic society. London Review of Education 2, 3 (November), 197-217
8. ^ Lodge, C. (2005). From hearing voices to engaging in dialogue: Problematising student participation in school improvement.Journal of
Educational Change, 6, 2 (June), 125-146.
9. ^ Thiessen, D. (1997). Knowing about, acting on behalf of, and working with primary pupils perspectives: Three levels of engagement with
research. In A. Pollard, D. Thiessen & A. Filer (Eds.), Children and their curriculum (pp. 184196). London, Falmer Press.
10. ^ (n.d.)Examples of Meaningful Student Involvement. SoundOut website.
11. ^ Democracy and Education. John Dewey, 1916
12. SoundOut Student Voice Library
13. ^Alison Cook-Sather,Authorizing Student Perspectives: Towards Trust, Dialogue, and Respect in Education (2002)
http://www.aera.net/publications/?id=434
14. Student Voice Links from the SoundOut website
15. Meaningful Student Involvement Guide to Students as Partners in School Change Adam Fletcher, 2005.16. ^ (n.d.) Youth Leadership & Service Team Washington State Office of Supertintendent of Public Instruction
17. OSTA-AECO website.
18. The Society for Democratic Education website.
19. NCSL website.
20. Phoenix website.
21. involver website.
22. OBESSU website.
23. The Irish Second-Level Students' Union website.
24. Soundout website
25. WKCD website.
26. http://www.educationevolving.org/studentvoices E|E
27. ^ Newmann, F. (1993) Student Engagement in American Schools.
28. Meaningful Student Involvement Research Guide Adam Fletcher, 2003.
Youth empowermentElements Evolving capacitiesIntergenerational equityStudent voiceYouth-adult partnershipYouth mainstreamingYouth rightsYouth voice
Types
Community youth developmentAnarchistic free schoolPositive youth developmentStudent activismStudent-centered learning
Student rightsStudent voiceYouth activismYouth councilYouth courtYouth engagementYouth leadershipYouth-led media
Youth movementYouth participationYouth philanthropyYouth serviceYouth suff rageYouth vote
Barriers AdultcentrismAdultismAgeismFear of youth (ephebiphobia)Fear of children (pediaphobia)
See also: Index of youth rights-related articles
Categories: Education reform | Youth | History of education |Alternative education| School terminology | Pedagogy |American society |
Child welfare activism | Student politics | Student culture | Youth rights
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