0 Chromatography is a method of physically separating mixtures of gases, liquids, or dissolved...

9
1 Chromatography is a method of physically separating mixtures of gases, liquids, or dissolved substances. Chromatography can be used to identify drugs, poisons and many other substances. Separation is determined by the molecular size and/or charge

Transcript of 0 Chromatography is a method of physically separating mixtures of gases, liquids, or dissolved...

  • Chromatography is a method of physically separating mixtures of gases, liquids, or dissolved substances.Chromatography can be used to identify drugs, poisons and many other substances.Separation is determined by the molecular size and/or charge

    Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

  • All forms of chromatography involve 2 phases The Two Phases1. stationary (absorbent) phase the material on which the separation takes place2. mobile phase - the solvent transports the sampleTypes of Chromatography - 5 of them

    Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

  • Gas ChromatographyGas Chromatographya gas separates the componentsthey are then ionized and an electrical signal is recordedmobile phase - carrier gasstationary phase - thin film of liquid

    Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

  • HPLCHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)- done at room temp. - advantageous for chemicals that are heat sensitive or volatile - example LSD- a liquid (mobile phase) is pumped through a column containing fine particles (stationary phase)

    Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

  • TLCThin - Layer Chromatography (TLC)-A plate is coated with a granular gel - usually silica gel or aluminum oxide (stationary phase)- the substance to be separated is carried up the plate by capillary action - the substance with most affinity for the plate will rise the farthest.4. Paper chromatographySame as TLC but paperis used as stationary phase

    Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

  • ElectrophoresisElectrophoresis - Similar to TLC but the substance is separated through a gel by electric current- Due to different size and charge substances will move across the plase at different speeds.

    Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

  • Paper Chromatography of InkTwo samples of black ink from two different manufacturers have been characterized using paper chromatography.

    Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

  • Retention Factor (Rf)A number that represents how far a compound travels in a particular solventIt is determined by measuring the distance the compound traveled and dividing it by the distance the solvent traveled.

    Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

  • Solve for Rf

    Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

    Chapter 15Kendall/HuntChapter 15Kendall/HuntChapter 15Kendall/HuntChapter 15Kendall/HuntChapter 15Kendall/HuntChapter 15Kendall/HuntChapter 15Kendall/HuntChapter 15Kendall/HuntChapter 15Kendall/Hunt