What year did Columbus sail to America?

What were the name of his three ships?

Where was he from and what country did he sail for?

Bell Ringer

Columbus: first encounter Portuguese explorers: Ferdinand Magellan Spanish Conquistadors England and France: American Colonies.

Agenda/Objectives

Let’s put on our boots and get to work

Columbus was an italian sailor and sponsored

by Spain. Three ships – Nina, Pinta, and Santa Maria October 12, 1492 – Pinta caught sight of a

shoreline. - Thought they had reached the East Indies.

First Encounter

Actually was on an island in the Bahamas in

the Caribbean Sea. Native group – Taino Columbus claimed the land for Spain and

named it San Salvador or “Holy Savior”

First Encounter

Like other explorers he was interested in gold. - None in San Salvador

1493- Returned to Spain $$$ Spanish Monarchs finance three more

trips.

Columbus

Columbus no longer an explorer but an empire

builder. Commanded a fleet of 17 ships, a few hundred

soldiers, and over a 1,000 settlers. Spain wanted to colonize the islands of the

Caribbean.

Second Trip

1500 – Portuguese explorer Pedro Alvares

Cabral reached the shore of modern day Brazil.

Amerigo Vespucci (italian) sailed for Portugal. Traveled the eastern coast of South America.

- A German mapmaker named the new continent America in honor of Vespucci.

1519 – Ferdinand Magellan sailed around the southern end of South America and sailed to the Philippines.

Portugese Explorers

Killed in a local war and only 18 men and 1

ship returned home in 1522. - first people to sail around the world.

Ferdinand Magellan

Conquistadors – Conquerors Spanish explorers heard rumors of vast lands

filled with gold and silver.

Name two conquistadors. Who did they conquer?

Spain builds an empire

Name some of the French explorers that came

to America?

What year was Jamestown established?

What company founded Jamestown?

France and England

Giovanni da Verrazano – an Italian, who

explored for France. 1524 – Sailed to America for a possible sea

route to the Pacific. He was unsuccessful but did discover what is

today New York Harbor.

New France

1534 – Jacques Cartier reached the gulf off the

eastern coast of Canada that led to a broad river.

Named the river St. Lawrence. Reached a large Island with a large hill and

name it Mount Royal (modern day Montreal)

New France

1608- Samuel de Champlain sailed up St.

Lawrence river and claimed a region he called Quebec.

As the settlement grew it became known as New France.

New France

1760 – European population of New France grew to

65,000. A large number of French colonist had no desire to

build or raise families. Settlers included – Catholic priest seeking to

convert the natives. Young, single men engaged in the fur trade.

Late 1500s – Hats from Beaver fur became popular in Europe. French were less interested in occupying territories and more into making money.

New France: A trading Empire

Why did England encourage people to settle in

America? What issues were going on in England? - Disease - Over population - Not enough land - Not enough jobs Why did colonist in America live longer than their

counterpart in England? - More food - Less pollution - Less disease

Why Explore?

1606 – The Virginia Company of London obtained a

charter from Kings James to establish a colony in America.

3 ships and approximately 105 settlers. Named their colony Jamestown in honor of King

James. Start was disastrous. Settlers were more interested in finding wealth

than growing crops and hunting. 7 out of every 10 men died in the beginning of the

colony.

England: Jamestown

1620 – Pilgrims established the second English

colony. Plymouth, Massachusetts. Sought religious freedom. Puritans also sought religious freedom and

established the Massachusetts Bay colony. Did better than Jamestown due to have

women and children. It ensured the population would reproduce

itself.

New England

The Dutch established the Dutch East India

Company in 1602. Created to compete for trade in the Indian

Ocean. 1609 – Henry Hudson (English) sailed for

Netherlands. Searching for a northwest sea route to Asia

came across 3 water ways in the Americas. Hudson river, Hudson bay, and Hudson strait.

New Netherland

Dutch claimed the land along the 3 water ways. Established a fur trade with the Iroquois Indians. Built a trading post Fort Orange (modern day

Albany) and on Manhattan island. Dutch merchants quickly formed the Dutch West

India Company. 1621 – Company was given permission to

colonize the area. To encourage settlement they welcome all-

German, French, and Scandinavian

New Netherlands

So ethnically diverse it was referred to as

“confusion of tongues” Dutch had a reputation for religious tolerance. - Jews, Muslims, Protestants and Catholics

came to the colony.

New Netherlands