What is tourism? Where do people go on holiday? What factors affect tourism growth? How important...

What is tourism? Where do people go on holiday? What factors affect tourism growth? How important is tourism in different countries?

TOURISM IS TRAVELLING FOR LEISURE TOURISM IS TRAVELLING FOR LEISURE

TOP TEN TOURIST DESTINATIONS 1.FRANCE 2. SPAIN 3. USA 4. CHINA 5. ITALY 6. UK 7. GERMANY 8. MEXICO 9. TURKEY 10. AUSTRIA TOP TEN TOURIST DESTINATIONS 1.FRANCE 2. SPAIN 3. USA 4. CHINA 5. ITALY 6. UK 7. GERMANY 8. MEXICO 9. TURKEY 10. AUSTRIA 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 1010 1010

Growth in Tourism The worlds largest industry $500bn Leisure accounts for 75% of international travel 900m tourists 2007 Est 1.6bn by 2020 Growth in Tourism The worlds largest industry $500bn Leisure accounts for 75% of international travel 900m tourists 2007 Est 1.6bn by 2020 FACTORS AFFECTING GROWTH 1.Social/Economic Factors Wealth has grown since 1950. Ave wage 2006 23k in UK. Fewer children per family. More leisure time with holiday entitlement now 5-6 wks 1.Social/Economic Factors Wealth has grown since 1950. Ave wage 2006 23k in UK. Fewer children per family. More leisure time with holiday entitlement now 5-6 wks 2. Technology Improvements Travel is quicker and easier due to motorways, airport expansion and jet aircraft advances. Booking is easier with internet. 2. Technology Improvements Travel is quicker and easier due to motorways, airport expansion and jet aircraft advances. Booking is easier with internet. 3. Expansion of Choice 1950s-60s coastal resorts in UK and National Parks popular. 1970s package holidays in Europe became popular. Worldwide destinations now open 3. Expansion of Choice 1950s-60s coastal resorts in UK and National Parks popular. 1970s package holidays in Europe became popular. Worldwide destinations now open

USA USA EARNS APPROX $66.5BN FROM TOURISM PER YEAR USA USA EARNS APPROX $66.5BN FROM TOURISM PER YEAR FRANCE MOST POPULAR TOURST DESTINATION IN THE WORLD. IN 2007 IT EARNED MORE THAN ANY OTHER COUNTRY FROM TOURISM FRANCE MOST POPULAR TOURST DESTINATION IN THE WORLD. IN 2007 IT EARNED MORE THAN ANY OTHER COUNTRY FROM TOURISM JAMAICA AVERAGE TOURIST SPEND IN JAMAICA IS $900 PER PERSON JAMAICA AVERAGE TOURIST SPEND IN JAMAICA IS $900 PER PERSON CHINA CHINA IS BECOMING A MORE POPULAR WITH 42M VISITORS IN 2005 CHINA CHINA IS BECOMING A MORE POPULAR WITH 42M VISITORS IN 2005

Can you arrange the top 3s of the three categories in red? TOP 3 MOST VISITED COUNTRIES TOP 3 LONDON ATTRACTIONS TOP 3 MOST VISITED CITIES SPAIN FRANCE USA TOWER OF LONDON LONDON EYE BRITISH MUSEUM PARIS ROME NEW YORK ANSWER

Can you arrange the top 3s of the three categories in red? TOP 3 MOST VISITED COUNTRIES TOP 3 LONDON ATTRACTIONS TOP 3 MOST VISITED CITIES SPAIN FRANCE USA TOWER OF LONDON LONDON EYE BRITISH MUSEUM PARIS ROME NEW YORK

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EXAM TECHNIQUE TIPS EXAMINRS DO CHEQUE YOUR SPEELING SO DONT BE LAZI WITH IT! ALTHOUGH THEY CARNT DOCK U MARKS FOUR PAW SPEELING THEY CAN USE A QWC (QUALITY OF WRITTEN COMMUNICATION) TO EIVER PUSH YOU UP A LEVEL TO A HIGHER MARK OR KEP YOU WHERE YOU ARESO BAD SPEELING CAN AFFECT YOUR SCORE. EXAM TECHNIQUE TIPS EXAMINRS DO CHEQUE YOUR SPEELING SO DONT BE LAZI WITH IT! ALTHOUGH THEY CARNT DOCK U MARKS FOUR PAW SPEELING THEY CAN USE A QWC (QUALITY OF WRITTEN COMMUNICATION) TO EIVER PUSH YOU UP A LEVEL TO A HIGHER MARK OR KEP YOU WHERE YOU ARESO BAD SPEELING CAN AFFECT YOUR SCORE. (What Could They Ask You? Click the red dots for a mark scheme/answers) Name 3 factors that have affected the growth of tourism(3) Using examples describe how important tourism can be to a country (4)

Answers Name 3 factors that have affected the growth of tourism (3) Using examples describe how important tourism can be to a country (4) (6) Mark Scheme Answers should focus on a range of countries. Examples could be USA has the highest income from tourism with about $66.5 billion. France is most visited country with over 76 million visitors. Jamaicas GDP is 50% from tourism Level 1: (1-2) Basic answer, no development of points, possibly only one country used. e.g. poor countries get money, lots of people visit countries Level 2: (3-4) Clear answer, more than one country used e.g. Tourism in Jamaica makes up 50% of GDP and tourists spend on average $900 per person. Mark Scheme Answers should focus on a range of countries. Examples could be USA has the highest income from tourism with about $66.5 billion. France is most visited country with over 76 million visitors. Jamaicas GDP is 50% from tourism Level 1: (1-2) Basic answer, no development of points, possibly only one country used. e.g. poor countries get money, lots of people visit countries Level 2: (3-4) Clear answer, more than one country used e.g. Tourism in Jamaica makes up 50% of GDP and tourists spend on average $900 per person. BACK TO QUESTIONS BACK TO QUESTIONS ON TO NEXT SECTION ON TO NEXT SECTION Mark Scheme Point marked. Advances in technology (1) for example faster jet aircraft (1), social and economic changes (1) like more leisure time (1) higher wages (1), wider choice of destinations (1) Mark Scheme Point marked. Advances in technology (1) for example faster jet aircraft (1), social and economic changes (1) like more leisure time (1) higher wages (1), wider choice of destinations (1)

How important is tourism to the UK? The growth of tourism The contribution of tourism External factors affecting UK The Butler Model Case Study: Lake District Where is it? Whats their? Impacts Strategies

Pre War Tourism in UK mostly domestic based. Only wealthy and privileged go abroad Pre War Tourism in UK mostly domestic based. Only wealthy and privileged go abroad Pre War 1950s/ 60s 1970s/ 80s 1990s/ 2000s 2010/ onwards 50/60s Domestic tourism grows rapidly as UK economy booms. Annual holidays become common 50/60s Domestic tourism grows rapidly as UK economy booms. Annual holidays become common 70/80s UK seaside holidays peak in mid 70s(40m) visito. Package holidays abroad become popular 70/80s UK seaside holidays peak in mid 70s(40m) visito. Package holidays abroad become popular 90/00s Cheap air travel becomes the norm and city breaks boom. Long haul holidays boom. 90/00s Cheap air travel becomes the norm and city breaks boom. Long haul holidays boom. 10s Long haul and extended hols to exotic location increase. 10s Long haul and extended hols to exotic location increase.

13bn overseas spending 20bn restaurants 16bn hotels 10bn tourist attractions 21bn other

Terrorism The destruction of the Twin Towers during the 9/11 attacks had huge impacts on travel. Fear of flying produced an immediate 30% drop in flight demand. Long term impacts have seen security checks increased. The 7/7 Underground bombings caused visitor numbers to drop sharply in the immediate aftermath Terrorism The destruction of the Twin Towers during the 9/11 attacks had huge impacts on travel. Fear of flying produced an immediate 30% drop in flight demand. Long term impacts have seen security checks increased. The 7/7 Underground bombings caused visitor numbers to drop sharply in the immediate aftermath Banking Crisis The crash of world bans had a devastating effect on tourism. The cost of travel has rose significantly forcing people to take stay-cations. The Euros value has risen against the pound making Eurozone countries more expensive. Banking Crisis The crash of world bans had a devastating effect on tourism. The cost of travel has rose significantly forcing people to take stay-cations. The Euros value has risen against the pound making Eurozone countries more expensive.

STAGE 1 Exploration Small numbers of visitors discover a place because of its natural beauty, historical or cultural features STAGE 1 Exploration Small numbers of visitors discover a place because of its natural beauty, historical or cultural features STAGE 2 Involvement Local population sees opportunities and starts to provide accommodation, food, transport, guides and other services STAGE 2 Involvement Local population sees opportunities and starts to provide accommodation, food, transport, guides and other services STAGE 3 Development Large companies take interest. Hotel chains start building work. Package holidays begin to be advertised. Job opportunities grow STAGE 3 Development Large companies take interest. Hotel chains start building work. Package holidays begin to be advertised. Job opportunities grow STAGE 4 Consolidation Tourism a major part of local economy. Visitor numbers steady, employment secure. Facilities becoming older, type of visitors attracted goes downmarket. Rowdiness becomes a problem STAGE 4 Consolidation Tourism a major part of local economy. Visitor numbers steady, employment secure. Facilities becoming older, type of visitors attracted goes downmarket. Rowdiness becomes a problem STAGE 5 Stagnation The resort becomes unfashionable and number of visitors begin to fall. Businesses linked to tourism begin to fail STAGE 5 Stagnation The resort becomes unfashionable and number of visitors begin to fall. Businesses linked to tourism begin to fail STAGE 6 Decline or Rejuvenation Decline: Visitors prefer other resorts. Day trippers/weekenders become main source of income Rejuvenation: Attempts made to modernise the resort and attract different people STAGE 6 Decline or Rejuvenation Decline: Visitors prefer other resorts. Day trippers/weekenders become main source of income Rejuvenation: Attempts made to modernise the resort and attract different people

STAGE 1 Exploration 1780-90 First road built into Blackpool and people started travelling in small numbers into the area. It took 1 day to travel from Manchester STAGE 1 Exploration 1780-90 First road built into Blackpool and people started travelling in small numbers into the area. It took 1 day to travel from Manchester STAGE 2 Involvement 1840-1850 Railway begins to arrive and major investment by locals in facilities start to encourage tourists STAGE 2 Involvement 1840-1850 Railway begins to arrive and major investment by locals in facilities start to encourage tourists STAGE 3 Development 1860-1900 Major developments built. Winter Gardens (1878), Tower (1894). Blackpool could accommodate 1/4m people STAGE 3 Development 1860-1900 Major developments built. Winter Gardens (1878), Tower (1894). Blackpool could accommodate 1/4m people STAGE 4 Consolidation 1900-1950 Boom years for Blackpool. On average 19m people per year visited. Disposable income on the increase in the UK. STAGE 4 Consolidation 1900-1950 Boom years for Blackpool. On average 19m people per year visited. Disposable income on the increase in the UK. STAGE 5 Stagnation 1960-70 Cheaper package holidays abroad are cheaper so Blackpools popularity declines. Unreliable weather means people look abroad STAGE 5 Stagnation 1960-70 Cheaper package holidays abroad are cheaper so Blackpools popularity declines. Unreliable weather means people look abroad STAGE 6 Decline or Rejuvenation 1980-Present Blackpool invested in its facilities opening a Sea Life Centre, upgrading rides in the Pleasure Beach and improving the Illuminations. Blackpool now encourages winter trade by holding conferences. STAGE 6 Decline or Rejuvenation 1980-Present Blackpool invested in its facilities opening a Sea Life Centre, upgrading rides in the Pleasure Beach and improving the Illuminations. Blackpool now encourages winter trade by holding conferences. VIDEO

The Lake District National Park is located in the north west of England in the county of Cumbria It stretches 64km north to south and 53km east to west. It became a National Park in 1951 and has been a source of peace and tranquillity for millions ever since The area is famous for its rugged mountains, large lakes and small lakeland villages The Lake District National Park is located in the north west of England in the county of Cumbria It stretches 64km north to south and 53km east to west. It became a National Park in 1951 and has been a source of peace and tranquillity for millions ever since The area is famous for its rugged mountains, large lakes and small lakeland villages

Scafell Pike England highest mountain Scafell Pike England highest mountain Brockhole Lake District Visitors centre Brockhole Lake District Visitors centre Lake Windermere and the lake cruises Lake Windermere and the lake cruises Grasmere and Dove Cottage home of Wordsworth Grasmere and Dove Cottage home of Wordsworth Helvellyn and Striding Edge Helvellyn and Striding Edge

Traffic congestion in small Lakeland villages e.g. Ambleside is common. The narrow roads struggle to cope with the volume of traffic Both physical and cultural honeypot sites are under pressure in the Lakes. Scafell Pike is suffering from severe footpath erosion 20% of houses in the Lakes are 2 nd homes of holiday lets. This increase property prices for locals Water sports on Lake Windermere causes strong washes eroding the shore. Also oil leaks from powerboats can cause water pollution Dual carriageways are built on the edges of the Lakes to help move traffic effectively. Car Parks situated outside village centres Footpaths repaired using harder wearing materials e.g. gravel. Clear signposting channels walkers Little achieved yet as it is difficult to manage house prices Strict speed limit of 18kph on Lake Windermere reduces noise pollution and shore erosion Traffic Problems Traffic Problems Honeypot Sites Honeypot Sites Environmental Issues Environmental Issues Pressure on Property

Can you construct a mind map on the Lake District National Park?

EXAM TECHNIQUE TIPS LET THE MNENOMICS DO THE WORK MNENOMICS ARE POWERFUL TOOLS TO ENHANCE RECALL. USE THIS MNENOMIC FOR REMEMBERING THE STAGES OF THE BUTLER MODEL EDINBURGH IS DEVELOPING CASTLE SITES DAILY EXAM TECHNIQUE TIPS LET THE MNENOMICS DO THE WORK MNENOMICS ARE POWERFUL TOOLS TO ENHANCE RECALL. USE THIS MNENOMIC FOR REMEMBERING THE STAGES OF THE BUTLER MODEL EDINBURGH IS DEVELOPING CASTLE SITES DAILY (What Could They Ask You? Click the red dots for a mark scheme/answers) Describe how the number of people holidaying in the UK and abroad has changed (4) Describe and explain the impacts of tourism in a National Park you have studied(8) FIGURE 3

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Answers Describe how the number of people holidaying in the UK and abroad has changed (4) Describe and explain the impacts of tourism in a National Park you have studied (8) (6) Mark Scheme Answers will likely to focus on the Lake District. Traffic impacts are common in the Lake District with congestion common. The main street of Ambleside, Compston Road is narrow and constantly snarls up with traffic. Ambleside being a honeypots site receives over a million visitors per year. Stock Ghyll Falls path is being badly eroded due to the concentration of people. The number of second homes in Ambleside is about 20%. This means that house prices for locals are inflated due to lack of available housing. Level 1: Basic (1-4) Simple statements, no case study e.g. tourists drop litter, cars create air pollution Level 2: Clear (5-6) Developed statements, case study maybe used e.g. Traffic congestion in Ambleside causes slow moving traffic through the town centre Level 3: Detailed (7-8) Develop statements, case study used throughout e.g. Traffic congestion in Ambleside, especially on Compston Road means traffic is slow moving. This can cause inconvenience. Mark Scheme Answers will likely to focus on the Lake District. Traffic impacts are common in the Lake District with congestion common. The main street of Ambleside, Compston Road is narrow and constantly snarls up with traffic. Ambleside being a honeypots site receives over a million visitors per year. Stock Ghyll Falls path is being badly eroded due to the concentration of people. The number of second homes in Ambleside is about 20%. This means that house prices for locals are inflated due to lack of available housing. Level 1: Basic (1-4) Simple statements, no case study e.g. tourists drop litter, cars create air pollution Level 2: Clear (5-6) Developed statements, case study maybe used e.g. Traffic congestion in Ambleside causes slow moving traffic through the town centre Level 3: Detailed (7-8) Develop statements, case study used throughout e.g. Traffic congestion in Ambleside, especially on Compston Road means traffic is slow moving. This can cause inconvenience. BACK TO QUESTIONS BACK TO QUESTIONS ON TO NEXT SECTION ON TO NEXT SECTION Mark Scheme Level 1: Basic (1-2) Linear description. May focus on one of the graphs only. No data used to supplement answer. E.g. the number of people going abroad is going up constantly Level 2: Clear (3-4) Patterns identified, data used to support answer, both graphs described. E.g. The number of people going abroad rose slowly from 1960 (3million) to 1976 (6million) Mark Scheme Level 1: Basic (1-2) Linear description. May focus on one of the graphs only. No data used to supplement answer. E.g. the number of people going abroad is going up constantly Level 2: Clear (3-4) Patterns identified, data used to support answer, both graphs described. E.g. The number of people going abroad rose slowly from 1960 (3million) to 1976 (6million)

What is mass tourism? What are the advantages and disadvantages of mass tourism? Case Study: Mass tourism in a tropical resort, Jamaica

TOURISM ON A LARGE SCALE TO ONE COUNTRY OR REGION

What is mass tourism? What are the advantages and disadvantages of mass tourism? Case Study: Mass tourism in a tropical resort, Jamaica

ATTRACTIONS POSITIVE IMPACTS OF MASS TOURISM POSITIVE IMPACTS OF MASS TOURISM FACTS AND FIGURES FACTS AND FIGURES NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF MASS TOURISM NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF MASS TOURISM STRATEGIES

Total number of tourists1.3 million Pop employed in tourism8% Tourist Expenditure (per person)$931 Total Foreign Exchange Earnings$1.3bn Contribution to GDP20% Cruise Ship Arrivals (2002)865 Visitors from USA and UK (% of total)70% and 10%

VIDEO Hotel chain e.g. Hilton hire locals for low skilled jobs e.g. waiters. Locals set up businesses e.g. Caf due to the multiplier effect New sewerage system built in Montego Bay Kingston International Airport expanded to cope with over 1m visitors Tourists spend an average of $931 which boosts economy Over 1.3bn is generated from tourism in investment

Low skilled jobs e.g. waiter are low paid and long hours Seasonal jobs mean job security in Kingston is poor Litter being drop on Montego Bay beach Coral Reef in Montego Bay is being destroyed due to tourists breaking it for souvenirs The government have shelved several projects in Kingston e.g. school improvement to invest in tourism Profits leak out of Jamaica to large TNCs who run hotel chains etc

Minimum wage introduced into Jamaica of $43 per week Hotel chains are encouraged to source food from local farms thus keeping local farming business alive Black Mountain area designated a National Park to protect by law Coral protection schemes e.g. coral watch set up in Jamaica Set-up of ecotourism means profits going straight to local people Tourist facilities and attraction are spread out around the island to reduce areas of high tourist concentration

EXAM TECHNIQUE TIPS CASE STUDIES NEED TO FLOW THROUGHOUT YOUR ANSWERS. YOU MUST INPUT DETAILS (FACTS/FIGURES/PLACE NAMES) THAT SHOW THE EXAMINER YOU UNDERSTAND THE CASE STUDY IN DETAIL EXAM TECHNIQUE TIPS CASE STUDIES NEED TO FLOW THROUGHOUT YOUR ANSWERS. YOU MUST INPUT DETAILS (FACTS/FIGURES/PLACE NAMES) THAT SHOW THE EXAMINER YOU UNDERSTAND THE CASE STUDY IN DETAIL (What Could They Ask You? Click the red dots for a mark scheme/answers) What is mass tourism(2) Describe and explain the impact of mass tourism on a tropical resort you have studied(8)

Answers What is mass tourism (2) Describe and explain the impact of mass tourism on a tropical resort you have studied (8) Mark Scheme Answers will likely focus on Jamaica. Positive impacts can include many locals getting jobs in hotels e.g. Hilton hotel in Kingston as chambermaids, waiters. The income from tourism makes up 20% of GDP and over $1bn in foreign investment. This boosts quality of life in the country. Negative impacts can include the destruction of coral reef on the shores of Montego Bay. Tourists break the coral for souvenirs. This kills the fragile ecosystem. Also the profits from tourism tend to leak out of the country to large TNCs who run hotels, airlines and other facilities. Level 1: Basic (1-4) Simple statements, no case study, probably only description e.g. tourists drop litter Level 2: Clear (5-6) Developed statements, case study maybe used, exceptional description e.g. Tourists who visit Montego Bay tend to drop litter making it unsightly Level 3: Detailed (7-8) Develop statements, case study used throughout e.g. In Montego Bay many tourist scuba dive amongst the coral reef. Unfortunately some tourists break the coral reef for souvenirs. This can damage the fragile ecosystem of the Jamaican coast Mark Scheme Answers will likely focus on Jamaica. Positive impacts can include many locals getting jobs in hotels e.g. Hilton hotel in Kingston as chambermaids, waiters. The income from tourism makes up 20% of GDP and over $1bn in foreign investment. This boosts quality of life in the country. Negative impacts can include the destruction of coral reef on the shores of Montego Bay. Tourists break the coral for souvenirs. This kills the fragile ecosystem. Also the profits from tourism tend to leak out of the country to large TNCs who run hotels, airlines and other facilities. Level 1: Basic (1-4) Simple statements, no case study, probably only description e.g. tourists drop litter Level 2: Clear (5-6) Developed statements, case study maybe used, exceptional description e.g. Tourists who visit Montego Bay tend to drop litter making it unsightly Level 3: Detailed (7-8) Develop statements, case study used throughout e.g. In Montego Bay many tourist scuba dive amongst the coral reef. Unfortunately some tourists break the coral reef for souvenirs. This can damage the fragile ecosystem of the Jamaican coast BACK TO QUESTIONS BACK TO QUESTIONS ON TO NEXT SECTION ON TO NEXT SECTION Mark Scheme Tourism in large numbers (1) in a country or region (1) Mark Scheme Tourism in large numbers (1) in a country or region (1)

What is extreme tourism? Where are extreme tourist destinations? What are the target markets? Case Study: Antarctica Tourist history Attractions Impacts/Strategies

LOCATIONS WITH PARTICULAR DIFFICULT ENVIRONMENTS WHERE THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM HAS ONLY RECENTLY OCCURED.

ANTARCTICA TOURIST NUMBERS USA = 16500 UK = 7300 GERMANY = 5000 AUSTRALIA = 3300 CANADA = 2800 ANTARCTICA TOURIST NUMBERS USA = 16500 UK = 7300 GERMANY = 5000 AUSTRALIA = 3300 CANADA = 2800

SMALL SCALE TOURISM STARTS IN 1950s FIRST SPECIFICALLY DESIGNED SHIP BUILT IN 1969 BY 1992 9000 TOURIST HAD VISITED BY 2006 37000 AND BY 2008 46000 HAD VISITED OVER 100 TOURIST COMPANIES PROVDE TOURS TOURS CAN TRAVEL FROM NZ OR ARGENTINA SMALL SCALE TOURISM STARTS IN 1950s FIRST SPECIFICALLY DESIGNED SHIP BUILT IN 1969 BY 1992 9000 TOURIST HAD VISITED BY 2006 37000 AND BY 2008 46000 HAD VISITED OVER 100 TOURIST COMPANIES PROVDE TOURS TOURS CAN TRAVEL FROM NZ OR ARGENTINA

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Human impacts with penguins are very dangerous. If they are touched adult penguins often abandon their young There have been incidences of ships striking rocks and spilling oil/waste e.g M/S Explorer 2007 Fragile ecosystems are common place in the Antarctic region. Bird Island on South Georgia is home to many rare Antarctic Terns The number of tourists is rapidly rising and now 100 companies e.g. Exodus, run tours Strict distances are given in which tourists can approach young penguins Specific routes are chartered for tourist ships. Any waste material cant be discharged near to the Antarctic coast Areas are protected by the Antarctic Treaty which has designated Bird Island an SSSI, so visitors are not allowed to visit Tour operators have to be members of the IAATO, which directs tourism in the area to be safe and enviro- friendly Penguin Contact Penguin Contact Ship Movements Ship Movements Tourism Industry Tourism Industry Environmental Sensitive Areas Environmental Sensitive Areas

EXAM TECHNIQUE TIPS CASE STUDIES NEED TO FLOW THROUGHOUT YOUR ANSWERS. YOU MUST INPUT DETAILS (FACTS/FIGURES/PLACE NAMES) THAT SHOW THE EXAMINER YOU UNDERSTAND THE CASE STUDY IN DETAIL EXAM TECHNIQUE TIPS CASE STUDIES NEED TO FLOW THROUGHOUT YOUR ANSWERS. YOU MUST INPUT DETAILS (FACTS/FIGURES/PLACE NAMES) THAT SHOW THE EXAMINER YOU UNDERSTAND THE CASE STUDY IN DETAIL (What Could They Ask You? Click the red dots for a mark scheme/answers) Using figure 4 describe why people want to visit Antarctica(3) Describe the impact extreme tourism can have on an environment you have studied(6) FIGURE 4

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Answers Using figure 4 describe why people want to visit Antarctica (3) Describe the impact extreme tourism can have on an environment you have studied (6) Mark Scheme Answers will focus on Antarctica. Impacts can include tourists handing or touching animals especially penguins. This can cause adult penguins to abandon their young. Cruise ships have been known to run aground or hit rocks spilling oil. Also irresponsible crew have discharged waste water near the coast of Antarctica. Tourist numbers have grown to over 40000 visitors per year travelling to Antarctica. This has meant an increase in litter in the areas that are visited. Level 1: Basic (1-4) Simple statements, no case study e.g. tourists drop litter, tourist touch animals Level 2: Clear (5-6) Developed statements, case study used, exceptional description e.g. The cruise ships that take tourists to the Antarctic continent have been known to run aground or hit rocks. In 2007 the M/S Explorer capsized and leaked oil into the ocean. Mark Scheme Answers will focus on Antarctica. Impacts can include tourists handing or touching animals especially penguins. This can cause adult penguins to abandon their young. Cruise ships have been known to run aground or hit rocks spilling oil. Also irresponsible crew have discharged waste water near the coast of Antarctica. Tourist numbers have grown to over 40000 visitors per year travelling to Antarctica. This has meant an increase in litter in the areas that are visited. Level 1: Basic (1-4) Simple statements, no case study e.g. tourists drop litter, tourist touch animals Level 2: Clear (5-6) Developed statements, case study used, exceptional description e.g. The cruise ships that take tourists to the Antarctic continent have been known to run aground or hit rocks. In 2007 the M/S Explorer capsized and leaked oil into the ocean. BACK TO QUESTIONS BACK TO QUESTIONS ON TO NEXT SECTION ON TO NEXT SECTION Mark Scheme People want to see wildlife(1) for example penguins(1) in their natural habitat(1). Tourist want experience the remote wilderness(1) extreme temperatures(1). Tourist like the cruise through the ice flow(1). Mark Scheme People want to see wildlife(1) for example penguins(1) in their natural habitat(1). Tourist want experience the remote wilderness(1) extreme temperatures(1). Tourist like the cruise through the ice flow(1).

Key terms Case Study: Amazonat, Sustainable Tourism

Stewardship Conservation Ecotourism The personal responsibility for looking after things. The careful and planned use of resources in order to manage and maintain the natural environment for future generations Environmentally friendly tourism

Where? Located in the Amazon Rainforest outside of Manaus in north western Brazil. Amazonat is located near to the Amazon River Where? Located in the Amazon Rainforest outside of Manaus in north western Brazil. Amazonat is located near to the Amazon River What? Provides eco-tourist with experience and education of the rainforest Amazonat lodges specially built in Holland. Use fallen rainforest timber and are constructed in natural clearings Lodges have ecoline lights, hot water system heated by solar panels Non-organic waste is disposed at landfills in Manaus. Waste water is pumped into Orchid Lake a man made lake All guides are locals and provide local knowledge about the rainforest What? Provides eco-tourist with experience and education of the rainforest Amazonat lodges specially built in Holland. Use fallen rainforest timber and are constructed in natural clearings Lodges have ecoline lights, hot water system heated by solar panels Non-organic waste is disposed at landfills in Manaus. Waste water is pumped into Orchid Lake a man made lake All guides are locals and provide local knowledge about the rainforest VIDEO

EXAM TECHNIQUE TIPS THE SUCCESS CHECKLIST POSITIVE ATTITUDE DETERMINATION RESILIENCE PREPARATION LUCK EXAM TECHNIQUE TIPS THE SUCCESS CHECKLIST POSITIVE ATTITUDE DETERMINATION RESILIENCE PREPARATION LUCK (What Could They Ask You? Click the red dots for a mark scheme/answers) What is stewardship? (2) Using an example you have studied explain how tourism can be sustainable? (6)

Answers What is stewardship (2) Using an example you have studied explain how tourism can be sustainable (6) Mark Scheme Answers will focus on Amazonat in Brazil. Amazonat is built in natural clearings so no forest is being cut down to locate the lodges. The lodges are constructed using fallen wood so the lodges blend into the natural environment. Facilities in the lodges are also enviro-friendly. Local guides are employed to educate people on the rainforest. This means people are more aware of the rainforest and the aim being they are more aware in their everyday lives. Level 1: Basic (1-4) Simple statements, no case study e.g. lodges blend into rainforest Level 2: Clear (5-6) Developed statements, case study used e.g. Amazonat lodges are built so they blend into the environment and dont detract from the natural environment Mark Scheme Answers will focus on Amazonat in Brazil. Amazonat is built in natural clearings so no forest is being cut down to locate the lodges. The lodges are constructed using fallen wood so the lodges blend into the natural environment. Facilities in the lodges are also enviro-friendly. Local guides are employed to educate people on the rainforest. This means people are more aware of the rainforest and the aim being they are more aware in their everyday lives. Level 1: Basic (1-4) Simple statements, no case study e.g. lodges blend into rainforest Level 2: Clear (5-6) Developed statements, case study used e.g. Amazonat lodges are built so they blend into the environment and dont detract from the natural environment BACK TO QUESTIONS BACK TO QUESTIONS ON TO NEXT SECTION ON TO NEXT SECTION Mark Scheme The personal responsibility (1) for looking the environment (1) looking after things (1) Mark Scheme The personal responsibility (1) for looking the environment (1) looking after things (1)

Nothing in life is easy. Nothing is handed to you on a plate. The people who go out and getare the people who move forward and achieve. If you wait for opportunityyou wait foreverif you make opportunities, success starts now. Choices in your life will dictate the journey you take. Never look back on your journey and wish you had taken another pathlook forward at your journey and take the path you wish. Now is the time to relentlessly pursue everything you have ever wanted. To follow with unflinching focus the dreams that you have dreamt for years. Most people are good, some people are great, only one can be the greatest BE THE ONE!

What is tourism? Where do people go on holiday? What factors affect tourism growth? How important...

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