A Citizenship and Religious Education Visit Booklet

Westminster 2014“We shape our buildings and our buildings shape us” (Churchill)

Learning Objective: A knowledge, understanding and evaluation of some places and people key to British Values

Key Word: Respect1. Outstanding bahaviour on and off the coaches please. You are wearing our Uniform. We

would like positive comments from the public please. You must be perfect in the buildings please and mindful of others. Black and Gold standards.

2. Stay with/communicate with the member of staff allocated to you. Communicate if there is a problem.

3. Do not leave litter anywhere. 4. Uniform / Fully charged mobile/ Medication/ Good sleep night before/packed lunch.

For “ The ordinary citizen and schoolchildren who visit the Home of their Parliament” , J.H. Whitley (Speaker of The House of

Commons 1921-1928) on the paintings in Saint Stephen’s Hall

Welcome To Your Citizenship and Religious Studies Visit

1.Thank You

Thank you to you and your parent(s) for your support of this Visit. We ran this visit for the first time in 2013. We are journeying to an iconic and influential area both nationally and globally.

2.Expectations

We have travelled from TBSHS. Other visitors will travel from the other side of the planet. Let us spread the TBSHS gospel! You never know who may interview for a job you one day. It is a small world.

We will need to be professional, polite and punctual. The venues are special and sacred places. People may have looked forward to coming here their whole lives or they may be visiting to think about an issue in their lives. We will show no disrespect. We will not run. We will not leave litter. We will not be loud. We will not wander from our member of staff. We will line up sensibly if required. People see your Golden Mitre Badge. Let them be impressed. As usual.

No photographs are to be taken INSIDE the Palace of Westminster or in Westminster Abbey.

3.Educational Benefit

Earlier this year, The Prime Minister talked about the importance of teaching British Values. The Visit today also focusses on national and international values, virtues, history and heritage, Not only does your education prepare you for GCSEs but the compulsory requirement for Citizenship and Religious Education (which we call Rz at TBSHS), as well as many other aspects of the ethos of TBSHS, prepare you for life. You have the opportunity to vote and the General Election after The General Election of May 2015. You may decide a new kind of politics is needed.

4.Parliament

I am grateful to Natalie in the Office of Mark Prisk M.P. for the Parliament Tours. These Tours are wonderful and inspiring as we journey to the heart of debate, decision-making, history and heritage in this country. These tours are described to me as “gold dust” in terms of availability. We are very fortunate. The timing of the Visit is important. The House is on recess (a break) so we can access the areas where debates occur. Ordinarily, on a Wednesday, no Tour would be able to see the Commons as it would be Prime Minister’s Questions. We must attend when Parliament dictates and, although the Tours have been

booked months ago, the Careers Evening was even more long standing. I am appropriately confident we can make this work. On the recent Year 7 Visit to Wimbledon, we were able to do preparation in terms of timings from the area.

5. 10 Downing Street

We also hope to walk along Downing Street for ten minutes, The arrangements have been made and Annabelle at the Downing Street Office has been a wonderful support, However, I must manage expectations. Large groups do not normally walk along this area whilst current events may determine we cannot access this. It is not a site normally open to the general public. If, for whatever reason, we cannot access this we will leave 45 minutes earlier.

6. Westminster Abbey And Westminster Cathedral

This is an area where Religion and Politics intertwine. The Visit presents an opportunity for you to think again about the big questions of meaning and purpose in life. Is there a God? Is there a life beyond this one? Is religion a force for good? Will religion ever die out? Is The Force awakening? We will briefly walk around Westminster Abbey either before or after the Parliament Tours. I am grateful to the Westminster Abbey Educational Team. We will also visit Westminster Cathedral nearby and briefly compare Catholic and Anglican denominations of Christianity.

7. Other Landmarks

We will also point out other key landmarks in the area including the Westminster Abbey Garden of Remembrance, The Cenotaph, Horse Guard’s Parade and The Supreme Court.

8. The Poppies At The Tower: “Blood Swept Lands And Seas Of Red”

We may be able to see this inspiration piece of art from the coach en route. It will be de-installed later on the 12th November.

9. Acknowledgements

I am once again grateful for your support, to the accompanying Staff for giving up their time (including extra time before and after School), to Mr. Reeve, Mr. Stark, Ms. Kitching, Ms. Mulholland and Ms Engel as well as to Galleon Coaches.

10. This Booklet

This Booklet gives you information about the places we will visit. It should be read in advance.

Thank you

Mr. Etheridge

The Palace Of Westminster

Why does Politics matter? What are your Politics and why? What is the future of Politics?

Video Clips only 2 or 3 minutes

We will meet at the entrance below called Saint Stephen’s Gate or Cromwell Place. There will be extensive security checks before waiting for our guide in Westminster Hall (where there is a shop and toilets). Watch this short example of a student tour: http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/houses-of-parliament/10091.html

In the information below, I have summarised the key points from “The Palace Of Westminster: Official Guide”. This 95 page brochure is outstanding and one of the best books I have read. It is a treasure for life. It is priced at £5. Much of the information will be mentioned on your Tour.

The Palace of Westminster is one of the most recognisable buildings in the world. Charles Barry designed the buildings in their current form in the 19th century. The Palace, which encompasses the Houses of Lords and Commons, stretches for 287 metres across the River Thames. Over the centuries, some of the greatest citizens have worked here and here laws that have changed the national and world at large have been made. As such, this building is regarded as “the mother of parliaments”. The origins of this special place lie in the 11th century when Westminster Hall was used as a meeting place for the King and his council of bishops and barons who advised his rule (see below). During the 13th century people represented different parts of the country in this format and discussed various issues.

This was effectively the first Parliament. The word Parliament derives from to parlement (the French for discussion). Why is discussion important? How does it lead to better decision-making?

The Symbol of TBSHS is the Mitre. Black and Gold are our symbolic colours. The symbol or the badge of Parliament is the crowned portcullis. This symbolises strength and security referring back to the defensive gate of medieval castles. It was also the family symbol of Henry VII's mother.

Relations gradually between the King and these magnates became a struggle for power and influence. It was King John who had to recognise there were limits to the Monarch's authority and this was enshrined in the seminal Magna Carta. This is Latin for Great Charter. Magna Carta contained many fundamental human and legal rights such as the right to a fair trade. This was signed on 15th June 1015, 800 years ago next year.

The Palace of Westminster was almost destroyed on November 5th 1605 at the State Opening of Parliament (where the Monarch opens Parliament each year at the beginning of

each session). To this day, an inspection of the cellars of Parliament takes place before the Monarch sets foot in Parliament.

In 1642, Charles I came to the House of Commons to arrest five members who were his political enemies (see below). Parliament opposed the King and a Civil War ensued in the country. Charles I was tried in Westminster Hall and executed. Since that time no monarch has entered the House of Commons except George VI who had a private tour of the rebuilt chamber after the Second World War. He was accompanied by his daughter and our current Queen.

Thus, at The State Opening of Parliament (see above and watch http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/state-

opening-of-parliament/10092.html ), the Monarch does not enter the Commons but articulates the Government's programme from the Lords. The Monarch does not write “The Queen (or King) ‘s Speech” even though they recite it. It is written by the Government and summarises their programme for action. An official called Black Rod , chosen by the Monarch, asks the

Members of the Commons to attend. He is called this because of his black staff with a gold lion on top. The name was first used in 1350. When Black Rod calls the Commons, harking back to more troubled times, the door is slammed in his face. Accordingly, he knocks three times (see below) and enters. The Commons then process to the House of Lords to hear The Queen's Speech. The Lords wear red robes with white fur trim whilst Law Lords wear dark gowns and wigs.

Did you know that a Prime Minister was assassinated in Parliament? On May 11th 1812, at 5.15, Prime Minister Stanley Perceval was fatally shot by John Bellingham as he entered the House of Commons lobby. Bellingham felt he was owed money having being wrongly imprisoned in Russia. Bellingham was hanged for murder.

Parliament has been the focus for many struggles for equality. William Wilberforce campaigned here against the evil that was slavery (so shockingly brought to life in the recent film “12 Years A Slave”). We know the suffragettes campaigned for votes for women. Emily Davison, who two years later would throw herself to death under the King's horse at the horse racing Derby (see above), hid in the chapel (St Mary Undercroft) in Parliament so she could make her speech the following day. In 1979, Margaret Thatcher, who passed away last year, became the first ever woman Prime Minister. She won three Elections but resigned in 1990 when she lost the support of her party. Her final House of Commons performance was one of her finest moments. Watch http://news.bbc.co.uk/democracylive/hi/historic_moments/newsid_8190000/8190652.stm

As we saw last year, Margaret Thatcher divided opinion amongst the public. She was, at least, a conviction politician, who remained true to her beliefs. The late Labour politician and eminent Parliamentarian Tony Benn disagreed with Baroness Thatcher’s policies but recognised she was true to herself. Her influence is remembered by this Statue you will see before entering the Commons. Tony Blair’s last day as Prime Minister after ten years was also a memorable moment. He received a standing ovation. Watch http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wg8dSVnQCDA

On your tour you will see:

1. The Royal Gallery. This is the largest room in the palace. The Queen passes through this room on the way to the House of Lords to open Parliament. Paintings around the room show the battles of Trafalgar (where Nelson died in battle after giving the rallying call “England expects every man to do his duty”) and Waterloo as well as monarchs.

2. The Prince's Chamber. You will enter this room before entering the House of Lords. This is the place where the search for gunpowder starts on the day of the State Opening of a Parliament. The paintings are of Tudor character whilst the statue is of Queen Victoria. On the pedestal underneath the statue are images representing science, industry and commerce.

3. The House of Lords. This was completed in 1847 with the aim of being the grandest room in the palace. You will see the throne where the Monarch sits at the State Opening of Parliament. Paintings by the throne show the virtues of chivalry, justice and religion. The design of the throne is based on the Coronation Chair you will see in Westminster Abbey. Most members of the Lords are members of a political party but there are a quarter of a Lords who are crossbenchers and may sit on the benches set apart from the Government in the chamber. Around the chamber here you will see pictures of the Bishop's and barons who secures the Magna Carta. The

House of Lords’ role is to scrutinise Government and debate issues. Some peers (Lords) are appointed and others hereditary.

4. Central Lobby: This is the mid-point between the Commons and Lords. Many people meet their MP here. This area is often seen in the background of news reports. There are statues of kings and queens in the arches here. At the centre of the floor tiles is a quote from Psalm 127 in Latin. The translation is "Except The Lord build the house, they labour in vain who build it." What do you think this quote means?

5. Members Lobby: This is the room you will enter before entering the Commons. Here you will recognise statues of Prime Ministers. There are statues of Winston Churchill and Margaret Thatcher, amongst others.

Above: John Mendoza’s wonderful 1987 oil painting depicting the Commons in 1986.

6. The House of Commons. On May 1941, in World War II, this chamber was completely destroyed. It was re-designed by Giles Gilbert Scott who was also responsible for designing the iconic red telephone box! It is smaller than one expects

upon visiting and today is 21 metres by 14 metres seating, it is estimated, 437 of its 650 Members of Parliament. You will see The Speaker's chair. The Speaker, who has visited a TBSHS, chairs debates, decides who will speak and ensures rules are observed. The Speaker is an MP but The Speaker must resign from their party if elected as Speaker. The first Speaker was elected in 1377 but, in those days, the role involved giving negative news to the Monarch. 7 speakers were beheaded as a result!

The Commons’ colour is green (the origins of which is unclear) in contrast to the royal red of the Lords. In the Commons, you will see the Dispatch Boxes. When Government or opposition ministers speak they do so at the Dispatch Box. These boxes contain religious texts for making the oath of loyalty to the Monarch when they become an MP. A vote in the Commons or Lords is known as a division and a bell signifies that members must go to different rooms and vote on the issue just debated. Two members count the votes and the tellers announce it. The red lines you will see in the Commons are so called sword lined to keep members on opposite sides two sword lengths apart. No speaker in a debate should cross these lines. The white lines you will see at the entrance signify they no one who is not a member of the House should cross this line when the House is in session. The presence of the Mace (a symbol of authority) also shows the House in session. There are two Maces in the Lords.

A Member of Parliament represents a constituency. A party strives to win as many constituencies as possible. The candidate with the most votes wins the constituency (first past the post). Mark Prisk, our local MP, represents Stotford and Hertford. If a party wins 326 seats/constituencies (a majority) they are able form a Government. The idea is they can propose their laws and a majority of people should support most of them. The party that wins the second largest number of seats becomes the Opposition. Where there is no majority, there is a Hung Parliament. In the General Election of 2010, the Conservative Party, led by David Cameron, won the most seats with 306. The Labour Party, led by Gordon Brown, came second with 258 seats. The Liberal Democrats came third with 57 seats. Mr. Brown resigned because he felt he had lost the support of the majority having been Prime Minister and Mr. Cameron and Mr. Clegg formed a Coalition. How will the next Election go? Some think both the largest parties will have similar seats ensuring a complicated outcome. What part (if any) will smaller parties like the Liberal Democrats, Greens, Respect and UKIP play?

How is a Law Made?

1. First reading - A bill is proposed and law introduced (green paper)2. Second reading - Bill debated fully in the House of Commons (white paper)3. Committee - A group of people suggest changes which are then debated. 4. House of Lords - debate the bill. The Lords are inherited or hereditary or appointed

or judges and bishops. 5. Third reading- changes debated. Law voted on and passed. Queen signs off.

7. Westminster Hall. Here your tour will begin and end. There are toilets here and a shop. The scene of The Queen’s Jubilee Lunch (see above) is a most durable building. It survived the 1834 Commons Fire and the bombing of World War 2. The Hall was first built in 1100. Here you will see a stained glass window. This contains a tribute to members and staff of the Lords and Commons who fought in World War II. The Hall is today used for guest speakers ( The Queen, the previous Pope, Nelson Mandela and Barack Obama have all spoken here) for members of the Royal Family who have passed away lying in state before their a Funeral (like the Queen Mother and Winston Churchill see below) and has been the occasion of famous trials like that of Charles I as well as William Wallace, Guy Fawkes and Saint Thomas More. More refused to recognise Henry VIII as the new Head of the Church of England after his divorce of Catherine of Aragon. He was executed at the Tower of London after his trial at Westminster Hall.

8. The Clock Tower. As you enter and leave the Palace, you will see its most recognisable feature rising 96 metres. This is Big Ben. This is actually a nickname that refers to the largest of its bells that strikes on the hour. Some people believe that workmen gave this clock tower this name after a famous prize fighter called Benjamin Caunt. The Bell was designed in 1856 and crowds lined the streets to see it be transported by sixteen horses as it was hauled by hand up to the clock tower for over 18 hours. There is a light at the top of the clock tower which is lit when the Houses are sitting after dark. It is said that Queen Victoria could see it from Buckingham Palace and would check members were at work! On the clock face, the hour hands are 9 feet and the minute hands, the tips of which travel 118 miles each year, are 14 feet. On Remembrance Sunday and New Year's Eve, one of the clock's keepers is stationed in the tower to ensure it strikes on time.

Westminster Abbey Is there a world and life beyond this one? Does God exist? Will religion ever die out? How does religion help society?

The Coach will drop down outside the West Door of the Abbey. Outside of the Abbey you will see their Garden of Remembrance. This was visited by Prince Harry last week. There are touching personal messages by the Remembrance Crosses.

Westminster Abbey

Map

Coach Drop Off Point

Shop

The Great West Door

Nave

Tomb of The Unknown Warrior - Buried in 1920

Scientists’ Corner

Quire

High Altar

Tomb of Elizabeth 1

Poet’s Corner

Coronation Chair; Used for every Coronation since 1308. William’s coronation in 1066, Elizabeth II in 1953

Dean’s Yard: Group Entrance

C 560 First Benedictine monks settle at Thorney Island, later to become WestminsterLady Chapel

Tomb of Edward the Confessor

We will enter the Abbey via the Cloisters (see above). This is accessed by entering the Dean’s Yard by the West Door and turning left. You can go to the Toilet and Eat in the Cloisters. You will need to line up as if going for Lunch before entering and there may be a short wait (hence why you may want to snack). Once you are allowed into the Abbey, you turn left in the Cloisters and enter the Abbey via the Nave. You will see the Exit (or celebrated West Door) of the Abbey and the Grave Of The Unknown Warrior (see below).

The Tours around the Abbey are self-guided. You should stay with your member of staff and read your booklet as you progress. We only have a short eriod of time here. Please be mindful of visitors in prayer. You can light a candle and say a prayer for a loved one and you should make a voluntary contribution in the process. Please respect other people’s candles. There will be a private story behind each. Maybe someone has lit them to say a prayer for someone who has died or who has a terminal illness. The candle acts as a symbol of light in darkness. Candles reflect joy too. Life is wonderful and challenging in equal measure. Is there a point to it all?

Westminster Abbey has been the nation's Coronation Church since 1066 and the setting for key national occasions. The Abbey is a burial and memorial place for Kings, Queens, writers, scientists, politicians and musicians. The subjects we study at TBSHS have effectively been founded by many people remembered in this place. We stand on their shoulders. We try and make our contribution to these subjects. Everyone is important and Jesus said we should live as a child with enthusiasm, innocence and open mindedness.

Most importantly, Westminster Abbey is a living place where Christians: worship God, are taught that people should follow the loving example of Jesus Christ, and reflect on the positives and challenges of life. Jesus communicated the importance of caring for the poor, that none of us were perfect, that the first would be the last and the last would be first and we should forgive as we have been forgiven by God. Through his death and resurrection Jesus demonstrated the power of sacrifice and new life. There are five Services a day here on Sundays, three on Saturdays and four on weekdays and anyone can attend.

At the famous West Door entrance to the Abbey you will see statues of 20th century Christians who died for their faith. Some, for example, like Bonhoeffer and Kolbe, died opposing Hitler. We know the story of Martin Luther King. Oscar Romero was shot in 1980 whilst holding a service in his Cathedral in El Salvador. He was shot by Government officials for criticising the Government’s treatment of the poor. The full list is are (from left to right): Maximilian Kolbe ( Poland) Manche Masemola (South Africa), Janani Luwum ( Uganda) , Grand Duchess Elizabeth (Russia), Martin Luther King (America), Oscar Romero (El Salvador), Dietrich Bonhoeffer (Germany), Esther John (Pakistan), Lycian Tapiedi (Papua New Guinea), Wang Zhiming (China). Perhaps you can find out what less well known (to us) figures achieved using your ‘phone. The great window above the west door depicts Abraham, Isaac and Jacob and fourteen prophets.

The Abbey may date as far back as the 6th century but we know that in AD 960 the then Bishop of London established here a group of twelve monks. The monks used to call this place Thorny Island for it was an isolated marshy area along the Thames. The early monastic community was supported by the then King, King Edgar. In 1065, King Edward (Edward the Confessor) built a stone church here and endowed more land. In those days, monastic churches were called minsters and so this new church became West Minster to distinguish it from East Minster (now Saint Paul's Cathedral). Nothing of Edward's Church now survives (most of the Church we see today was built on the orders of Henry II between 1245 and 1272) but in 1161 he was canonised by the Pope and he became Saint Edward the Confessor. His body lies in a shrine in the Abbey.

The monks at the Abbey followed the rules of Saint Benedict. They were devoted to worship, study and manual labour. For much of the medieval period there were only fifty monks here. Monasteries were places where Christians could live closer to God. Monks and nuns were committed to a life of poverty, chastity (not having sex) and obedience . They prayed at fixed times during the day.

Of course, as part of the Reformation, Henry VIII dissolved the monasteries and Westminster was dissolved too. However, communities of clergy still lived there. In 1560, Queen Elizabeth I, buried in the Abbey, and one of the great British monarchs, re-founded the Abbey and made it accountable to the Monarch only. It would be governed by a group of clergy, known as the Dean and Chapter, with is sole purpose, worshipping God. An organist and choir was added and a music school too. The independence of the Abbey still stands today. It is neither parish Church nor Cathedral. It is only directly answerable to a The Queen.

Here at some of the things you will see in the abbey:

We will enter the Abbey via the Cloisters. We can sit and eat in the Cloisters whilst we wait. In times past, these were the busiest parts of the Abbey. The monks undertook many tasks here. Here was to be found the refectory or dining room whilst the novices received education here. In the cloisters, you may see the Pyx Chamber. This was built in 1070-80

and is the oldest part of the abbey. Pyx was the word for a box containing pieces of gold and silver.

Going through the brown doors to the Abbey, we will enter at an area called the Nave. The work here was begun by Henry II and took several centuries to repeat. At the west end of this area in the Grave of the Unknown Warrior. His body was brought back from battle and buried here with Monarchs (see bottom right). The service of instillation, in 1920, was attended by King George and Queen Mary. The grave contains soil from the French battlefields.

At the west end of the naive is the Coronation Chair (top right). This chair has been used for every coronation since Henry IV. It has been damaged because for many centuries the chair was unprotected from the public.

In this area, you will see a memorial to Sir Winston Churchill. One of the pillars at the centre of the Nave are icons of Jesus Christ and Mary. A screen symbolically separates the Nave from the Quire (or Choir) and Altar as it did in medieval times. To the left of the screen are the graves to two great scientists - Sir Isaac Newton and Charles Darwin. Darwin initially wanted to be a vicar but devoted his life to science and the theory of evolution. He questioned God but his ideas were given a more atheist leaning by his followers. William Wilberforce, a campaigner against slavery, is remembered in the centre aisle.

Beyond the screen, The Quire seats the clergy and choir. The choir sing the daily services and they are educated at the nearby Music School.

The focal point of this area is the High Altar and screen designed by Sir George Gilbert Scott. In front of the Altar is a scene depicting creation and the end of the world. Coronations occur at the High Altar. This is also where the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge were married.

The High Altar is in an area of the Abbey called the Sanctuary. Behind the Altar screen in the shrine of Edward the Confessor. This dates from 1269. Access is restricted because it is no fragile.

Although this is the focal point of the Abbey, there are areas beyond the Altar to the right, left and centre. This area is called the Ambulatory coming from the Latin for walk.

There are memorials to notable people here such as Lady Florence Nightingale, Charles Dickens, William Shakespeare, Queen Elizabeth I and King Henry V.

There are also small chapels such as the Chapel of Saint John Baptist . John prepared people for Jesus’ arrival by baptising people, including Jesus interestingly enough, in the Jordan River.

Behind the High Altar, at the Eastern end of the Church, is the Lady Chapel dedicated to Jesus’ mother, Mary. Here Elizabeth I, one of our great monarchs with Elizabeth II and Queen Victoria, is buried. Queen Mary I is also buried here. There is a small chapel here dedicated to those who lost their lives in the Battle of Britain.

Other Key Sites In The Westminster Area

Westminster Cathedral (see above). Inspired by the art and architecture of Saint Mark’s in Venice, this Cathedral is the focal point and mother Church of the Catholic Church in Britain. It was opened in 1903. The word cathedral is derived from Latin “cathedra” which means the Chair of the Bishop. The Bishop uses such a chair to teach. The chair in this Cathedral is a copy of the Pope’s Chair in Rome. Catholics believe The Pope is a successor to the disciples. The Mass or Eucharist is a sacrement celebrated here every day in Latin. This Service recalls the Last Supper where Jesus broke bread and drank wine as a symbol of body broken and blood shed on the Cross.

The Cenotaph (see above). This is a monument erected in honour of a person or group of people. It derives from the Greek meaning “empty tomb”. The Cenotaph in Whitehall is the focus on Remembrance Sunday where a wreath of Poppies are laid by members of the Royal Family and political leaders. It was designed by by Sir Edwin Lutyens and replaced Lutyens' identical wood-and-plaster cenotaph erected in 1919 for the Allied Victory Parade. The words "The Glorious Dead", inscribed on the monument, were chosen by Lloyd George. Watch the Service from Sunday http://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/b04ph21c/remembrance-sunday-the-cenotaph-2014

The Supreme Court (see below). This is the highest court in the United Kingdom. It plays in important role in the interpretation and development of law. It makes decisions that are relevant to everyday lives. It hears civil cases. The courtrooms encourage learned debate. There is no witness stand of guilt and innocence because the Court does not hear such cases. The lawyers do not have to wear formal court dress. You can watch proceedings live on-line and it is the only court to do this.

10 Downing Street This is the headquarters of the British Government and official residence of the Prime Minister. As such, this is one of the most famous addresses, and streets, in the world. Over three hundred years old, the building contains about one hundred rooms. There is a private residence on the third floor and a kitchen in the basement. The other floors contain offices and numerous conference, reception, sitting and dining rooms where the Prime Minister works, and where government ministers, national leaders and foreign dignitaries are met and entertained. There is an interior courtyard and, in the back, a terrace overlooking a garden of 0.5 acres Number 10 was originally offered to Sir Robert Walpole by George II in 1732. Walpole accepted on the grounds that it was a gift to the Government as such rather than him personally. It has become the scene for many famous events such as Churchill’s victory sign after World War 2 and Mrs. Thatcher’s tears on leaving for the last time.

SMH Follow UpEITHER

Create a guide to ONE OR MORE THAN ONE of the venues visited. This can be in ONE of the following formats:

A Video A Leaflet using ICT A Poem A power point A piece of art A model

OR

Create separate thank you letters to the venues visited. These should be correct and refer to what you have learnt. I will send the best off. Letters should be addressed Dear Madam for the Parliament Tours, Westminster Abbey and 10 Downing Street. There is no need to put the

venue address on the letter in this case and you should just put your School address and School e-mail.

Work should be handed in to Mr. Etheridge by November 26th.