- Vegetative Growth 10/1/2012 - Plant Cell propagation...
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10/1/2012 1 Shared by: L. Setyobudi 2012 10/1/2012 1 LSB-TPT 2012 Lingkup Pengetahuan Dasar Hortikultura Principles: - Plant Classification - Plant Cell - Vegetative Growth and Development - Reproductive development - Plant metabolism Plant Environment: - Temperature relations - Water relations - Light relations - Soils - Nutrition Branches of Horticulture: - Pomology - Olericulture - Floriculture - Medical and Spices culture - Nursery culture - Landscape design Horticultural Practices: - Mechanism of plant propagation - Pruning and growth control - Pest control - Marketing, Storage, and Food Processing 2 10/1/2012 LSB-TPT 2012 The role of horticulture product: Vegetables 1. Source of food, vitamin, mineral and crops fibers, 2. Source of natural herbal and medicine, 3. Protect and improving the living environment, 4. High economic value product for people earning and poverty alleviation, 5. Absorbing the man power sources, 6. Potential export product. 10/1/2012 3 LSB-TPT 2012
Transcript of - Vegetative Growth 10/1/2012 - Plant Cell propagation...
10/1/2012
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Shared by: L. Setyobudi
201210/1/2012 1LSB-TPT 2012
Lingkup Pengetahuan Dasar Hortikultura
Principles:- Plant Classification- Plant Cell- Vegetative Growth
and Development- Reproductive
development- Plant metabolism
Plant Environment:- Temperature
relations- Water relations- Light relations- Soils- Nutrition
Branches ofHorticulture:
- Pomology- Olericulture- Floriculture- Medical and Spices
culture- Nursery culture- Landscape design
Horticultural Practices:- Mechanism of plant
propagation- Pruning and growth
control- Pest control- Marketing, Storage,
and Food Processing
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The role of horticulture product:
Vegetables
1. Source of food, vitamin, mineral and crops fibers,
2. Source of natural herbal and medicine,
3. Protect and improving the living environment,
4. High economic value product for people earning and poverty alleviation,
5. Absorbing the man power sources,
6. Potential export product. 10/1/2012 3LSB-TPT 2012
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Mall Adeleide
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Indonesian Vegetable consumption
• Jenis sayuran yang paling banyak dikonsumsi:
Terung, Wortel, Kubis, Tomat, Bayam, Paprika,
Bawang Merah, Cabe, Jamur, Sawi, Bawang
daun (80 Jenis)
• This matter related to the problem on
distribution system, eating habit, people socio-
cultural, household low income and so on.
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Countries Vegetable consumption2010 (kg/person/year)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
40,10 kg
75 kg
146 kg
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0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
1,600,000
1,800,000
2,000,000
Bw Merah
Bw Putih
Daun Bw
Kentang
Kubis
Cabai
Sawi
Wortel
Kembang Kol
Lobak
Kacang Merah
Kacang panjang
Tomat
Terung
Buncis
Ketimun
Labu Siam
TREN PRODUKSI SAYURAN (Ton) DI INDONESIA 1997-2011 http://www.bps.go.id
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Perkembangann Nilai ekspor Sayuran 2007-2012
NO KOMODITAS
Nilai Ekspor (US$) Rata rata Pertumbuh
an 2007 2011
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
1 Jamur 29.690.216 30.844.312 21.632.464 14.262.799 13.707.710 -16%
2 Cabe 6.020.379 7.075.784 7.615.477 10.101.841 10.533.369 16%
3 Kubis 10.101.391 10.831.992 9.876.338 8.074.127 6.635.554 -9%
4 Bawang Merah 3.491.809 4.533.837 4.347.608 1.814.425 6.594.469 58%
5 Kentang 3.029.554 2.709.536 2.554.165 2.719.777 4.425.883 13%
6 Terung 106.597 167.088 349.446 746.996 1.306.002 89%
7 Kacang Kapri 323.935 502.581 260.843 995.971 1.181.096 77%
8 Tomat 755.331 579.225 453.581 592.002 706.178 1%
9 Jagung Manis 1.204.693 424.540 420.249 150.460 695.017 58%
10 Ketimun 473.270 316.840 208.363 72.490 72.398 -33%
11 Bawang Putih 27.092 3.175 39.957 75.745 58.493 284%
12 Bawang Bombay 95.001 166.674 67.729 39.899 53.053 2%
13 Wortel 3.209 3.537 776 2.170 13.856 163%14 Bunga Kol 255.892 179.648 827.887 53.033 882 20%
15 Sayuran Lainnya 82.851.023 112.275.023 135.316.470 130.591.314 150.933.330 17%
Total Sayuran 138.429.392 170.613.792 183.971.353 170.293.049 196.917.290 10%10/1/2012 13LSB-TPT 2012
Perkembangan Nilai Impor sayuran 2007-2011
NO KOMODITAS
Nilai Impor (US$) Rata rata Pertumb
uhan 2007 2011
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
1 Bawang Putih 123.956.692 152.517.541 166.371.881 245.960.424 272.818.908 23%
2 Kentang 26.472.452 30.737.090 34.938.145 41.194.972 81.219.430 36%
3 Bawang Merah 44.096.742 53.814.402 28.942.306 33.861.939 77.443.938 30%
4 Bawang Bombay 16.824.780 23.389.706 18.387.000 32.973.706 43.218.766 32%
5 Cabe 10.190.710 12.684.723 14.780.342 18.604.659 27.566.634 29%
6 Wortel 9.171.843 9.428.361 10.036.005 17.616.907 21.934.836 27%
7 Kacang Kapri 4.462.517 4.099.479 7.617.497 5.566.816 9.436.616 30%
8 Tomat 4.970.963 10.625.696 7.957.888 9.069.846 9.066.578 26%
9 Jamur 1.707.796 1.863.156 3.208.712 3.695.905 3.989.751 26%
10 Jagung Manis 1.118.607 1.570.744 1.073.294 2.261.703 3.389.518 42%
11 Kubis 461.129 625.957 330.434 845.871 1.831.103 65%12 Bunga Kol 263.677 260.444 181.473 317.302 292.710 9%13 Ketimun 51.360 47.641 34.210 65.557 60.475 12%14 Terung 174 - 353 339 191 38%
15 Sayuran Lainnya 99.649.613 133.069.354 136.197.868 168.821.957 228.621.056 24%
Total Sayuran 343.399.055 434.734.294 430.057.408 580.857.903 780.890.510 24%10/1/2012 14LSB-TPT 2012
Vegetable Consumption per Capita, 1996-2004 (kg/year)
VegetableYears
1996 1999 2002 2004
Single item:
Spinach
Swamp cabbage
Cabbage
Chinese cabbage
Mustard green
Beans
String bean
Tomato
Carrot
Cucumber
Cassava leaf
Egg crops
Bean sprout
Squash
Unripe corn
Mushroom
Young jackfruit
Unripe papaya
Mixed items:
Soup/Stir-Fried Vegetables
Sour Vegetables Soup
:
4.00
4.11
1.82
0.47
0.83
1.04
3.74
1.25
0.62
1.61
4.11
1.92
0.88
0.88
0.99
0.31
1.66
1.04
3.95
5.25
3.64
4.42
1.56
0.47
0.73
0.68
3.22
1.30
0.57
1.20
4.11
1.92
0.88
0.73
0.88
0.26
1.25
1.14
3.80
4.73
4.16
4.63
1.92
0.52
0.88
0.88
3.74
1.56
0.83
1.72
4.06
2.50
0.83
0.88
1.56
0.47
1.14
1.09
4.68
5.51
4.43
4.54
2.03
0.47
0.83
0.94
3.44
1.51
0.73
1.93
4.28
2.56
0.89
0.83
1.72
0.47
1.20
0.99
5.27
5.68
TOTAL 40,48 37,49 43,56 44,74
15Source: CAS (1980-2005)
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• Fruit and vegetables are important components of a healthy
diet, and their sufficient daily consumption could help prevent
major diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and certain
cancers. Overall, it is estimated that up to 2.7 million lives could
potentially be saved each year if fruit and vegetable
consumption were sufficiently increased.
• A recently published WHO/FAO report recommends the intake
of a minimum of 400g of fruit and vegetables per day (excluding
potatoes and other starchy tubers) for the prevention of chronic
diseases such as heart disease, cancer, diabetes and
obesity, as well as for the prevention and alleviation of several
micronutrient deficiencies, especially in less developed
countries. There is increasing scientific evidence that low fruit
and vegetable intake is a key risk factor for several
noncommunicable diseases, therefore WHO is planning an
initiative which will actively promote increased consumption of
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MA
CA
M SA
YUR
AN
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Vegetables commodity :
Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis)
Brokoli (Brassica oleraceae var Italica Plenck.)
Cabe (Capsicum sp.)
Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.)
Kubis (Brassica oleraceae var. capitata)
Mentimun (Cucumis sativus)
Terong (Solanum melongena L.)
Tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum L.)
Wortel (Daucus carota L.)
Dll.
• Sayuran daun
• Sayuran buah
• Sayuran umbi
• Sayuran batang
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Jenis sayuran yang dibudidayakan
• selada, caisim (sawi), kangkungcabut, bayam cabut, kemangi dankenikir, Kacang panjang, terunghijau panjang/unguoyong, mentimun dan pare, dll.
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Syarat teknis
• Agro Ecological Zone (AEZ)
• Budidaya yang mengacu pada prinsipGAP (Good Agriculture Pratices) ataubudidaya yang baik dan benar sertadilakukan secara konsisten.
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Prinsip Budidaya Sayuran GAP (Good Agriculture Practices) – Indo-GAP
• SL-GAP : Sekolah Lapangan GAP Sayuran danTanaman Obat (Permentan No. 48/2009: Pedoman Budidaya Buah dan Sayur yang baik) dan acuan teknis lainnya, terutama SOP spesifikkomoditas dan lokasi
• LandasanHukumKepmentan.No.511/kpts/PD.310/9/2006
• uu Hortikultura No.13 tahun 2010• PERMENTAN NO 44 GHP• PERMENTAN NO 48 GAP SAYUR DAN BUAH• PERMENTAN NO 62 REG LAHAN USAHA
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Tujuan Penerapan Pedoman BudidayaBuah dan Sayuran yang Baik:
1. meningkatkan produksi dan produktivitas tanaman;
2. meningkatkan mutu hasil termasuk keamanan konsumsi;
3. meningkatkan efisiensi produksi;
4. memperbaiki efisiensi penggunaan sumber daya alam ;
5. mempertahankan kesuburan lahan, kelestarian lingkungan dansistem produksi yang berkelanjutan;
6. mendorong petani dan kelompok tani untuk memiliki sikap mental yang bertanggung jawab terhadap produk yang dihasilkan, kesehatan dan keamanan diri dan lingkungan;
7. meningkatkan daya saing dan peluang penerimaan oleh pasarinternasional maupun domestik;
8. memberi jaminan keamanan terhadap konsumen; dan
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Dasar Teknologi Produksi Sayuran
1. Zone Agroekologi
2. Persiapan Lahan
3. Benih
4. Budidaya
5. Panen dan Penanganan Pasca Panen
6. Packaging dan Pemasaran
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Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
Potato makes the largest contribution to the total production of tuber crops. Annual world production currently totals 274 million ton on 18 million ha. The Russian federation rank as the world’s largest producer, followed closely by China. In the early 1990s, 30 % of the global potato output was produced in developing countries, Asia, Africa & Latin America
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TOMAT (Lycopersicum esculentum L.)
Tomato are highly important annual vegetable. Usually cultivated on dry season, May – August.
Production of these crops steadily increased, may have caused : improved crop var., crop management, + use fertilizers, pest & diseases management, improved irrigation, conservation & harvesting method
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Tomato Crops
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Budidaya Tanaman Bawang Putih(Allium sativum)
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Bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum)
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KUBIS (Brassica oleraceae var. capitata)
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Beberapa Contoh
• Bayam banyak mengandung Vitamin dangaram-garam mineral penting yang diperlukan tubuh seperti ; kalori 36 kal, Protein 3,5 gr, Lemak 0,5 gr, Karbohidrat 6,5 gr, Kalsium 267 mg. Fosfor 67 mg, Besi 3,9 mg, Vitamin A 6.090 SI, Vitamin B1 0,08 mg, Vitamin C 80 mg, Air 86,9 gr dan bagian yang dapatdimakan 71 %.
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Tanam
ansayran
dip
olib
ag
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KERIPIK BAYAM
Bahan:200 gr tepung beras3 sdm tepung kanji8 butir kemiri, haluskan3 siung bawang putih, haluskanGaram secukupnya3 sdm ebi, haluskanAir secukupnya20 lembar daun bayam utuhMinyak goreng secukupnya
Cara Membuat :1. Campur tepung beras, tepungkanji, kemiri, bawang putih, garam, ebiyang dihaluskan.2. Beri air sedikit sampai cukup encer.3. Celup daun bayam ke dalam adonanencer.4. Goreng dengan panas sedang sampaikering garingsumber : resepmasakanmu.com
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PENGEPAKAN KANGKUNG UNTUK
PEMASARAN
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BABY CARROT
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BABY SAWI
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Banyak mitos mengatakan kalauterong membuat badan menjadiloyo. Mitos ini harus dikikishabis, fakta justru sebaliknya. Terong justru mendongkrakgairah seksual pria karena efekafrodisiaknya. Penelitian ilmiahpunya fakta lain, terong dapatmencegah kanker, kayaserat, mengandung vitamin (A, B & C) dan mineral penting lainnya. Berbagai penyakit sepertiwasir, rematik, batuk, penyakitkulit, bahkan raja singa juga bisadisembuhkan dengan sayuran“ajaib” ini.
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BABY TERONG /
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Cocok untuk penderita sipilis, batuk berdarah, dan radang
Minuman secang telah lama dikonsumsi oleh nenek moyangbangsa Indonesia, khususnyakalangan kraton tanah Jawa. Tanaman secang secarapengalaman bisa mendongkrakstamina sehingga tubuh lebihtahan terhadap serangan penyakit.
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Pasak Bumi (Eurycoma longifoliaJack) adalah tanaman obat yang banyak tumbuh dihutanKalimantan, Sumatera, dan Papua. Akar tanaman ini mirip dengankayu atau paku yang tertancap kebumi, sehingga dinamakan pasakbumi. Sedangkan diMalaysia, tanaman ini lebih dikenaldengan sebutan 'tongkat Ali'.
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PIL ASMARASARI -(KHUSUS WANITA)
KHASIAT & KEGUNAAN:jamu ini mengandung daun Tabat Barito darikalimantan, khusus untuk wanita, menambahtenaga dan keharmonisan hubungan dengansuami, mengurangi lendir yang keluar, menghilangkan bau yang kurangsedap, mencegah keputihan, sertamenghilangkan rasa pegal linu sehabisbermalam panjang.
Komposisi:Ficasis Deltoidae Folium 10%, Granati Fructus Cortex 7%, Parameriae Cortex 8%, Gallae 8% dan bahan bahan lain sampai 100%
Sinonim Ficus diversifolia Blume (1825); Ficus lutescensDesf. (1829); Ficus motlevana Miq (1867); Ficusdiversifolia Blume var. deltoidea (Jack.) Ridl. (1924)
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SEKIAN
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