-The trade of goods -The expansion of commerce -Evolution of tools for calculations A sumerian clay...
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![Page 1: -The trade of goods -The expansion of commerce -Evolution of tools for calculations A sumerian clay tablet.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032604/56649e5c5503460f94b53eec/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
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- The trade of goods
- The expansion of commerce
- Evolution of tools for calculations A sumerian clay tablet
![Page 3: -The trade of goods -The expansion of commerce -Evolution of tools for calculations A sumerian clay tablet.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032604/56649e5c5503460f94b53eec/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
- 1640s Blaise Pascal: adding machine
- 1800s Charles Babbage: problem solving tools
The Pascaline (adding machine)- 1822 Babbage and John Herschel - difference engine
- analytical engine
- Ada Augusta Countess of Lovelace
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Joseph Marie Jaquard’s loom
- 1801 Joseph Marie Jaquard’s loom
- punched cards
- patterns
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- USA: 18801890 population: 50 millions 63 millions
- using employees - more than 10 years - Dr. Herman Hollerith’s machines - six weeks - punched cards
Dr. Herman Hollerith’s machines
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First generation Second generation Third generation Fourth generation
1959 Jack KilbyTexas Instruments
1956 William Shockley, John Bardeen and Walter Brattain
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The first IBM logo
- Census success Hoolerit founded Tabulating Machine Company
- 1924 the TMC merged into IBM
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- Invented in 1944 by Howard G. Aiken
- 500 miles of wire
- 51 feet long
- general purpose
The Mark I
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The Colossus
- Built in 1943
- Used to break military codes
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The ENIAC
- Built in 1946- Designed by J. Presper Eckert and John W. Mauchley- 19,000 vacuum tubes- 70,000 resistors- 5 million soldered joints.
- 5,000 additions, 357 multiplications, 38 divisions in a whole second- general purpose
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- Grace Hopper (U.S. Navy) MARK I
- Adele Goldstein ENIAC
- John V. Atanasoff (Iowa University)
- 1939 all-electronic computer
- meet Clifford Berry
- ~1945 John Von Neumann
John Von Neumann
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A part of the EDVAC
- EDVAC stands for “Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer”
- commercial purpose
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A UNIVAC terminal
- UNIVAC stands for “UNIVersal Automatic Computer”
- commercial purpose
- 1950s: first generation computers
- Used in the 1950’s census
- 1952: Used by the General
Electric Company
- The first softwares