ribose Adenine Uracil Adenine Single.
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Transcript of ribose Adenine Uracil Adenine Single.
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RNA and Transcription
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ribose
What is the sugar found in RNA?
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Adenine Uracil
What base is present in DNA but is missing in RNA? What base replaces it?
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Adenine
Uracil in RNA pairs with ____ in DNA.
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Single
Is RNA single or double stranded?
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mRNA – single stranded chain; takes message from DNA to ribosomes
rRNA – globular with proteins; makes up ribosomes
tRNA – hairpin or cloverleaf; transfers aa to ribosomes
What are the three types of RNA? What are their shapes and functions?
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mRNA
Which type of RNA copies DNA’s instructions for making proteins in the nucleus?
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rRNA
Which type of RNA is most abundant?
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rRNA and proteins
What two things make up ribosomes?
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Copying genetic info from DNA into RNA
What is transcription?
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Initiation Elongation Termination
What are the three steps of transcription?
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Ribosomes
Where are proteins made?
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Primary transcription enzyme Adds complimentary RNA bases to DNA
template to build RNA transcripts
What is RNA polymerase? What does it do?
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Promoter Coding sequence Termination signal
What are the three parts of a gene?
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Promoter – initiation Coding region – elongation Termination signal – termination
Each part of a gene corresponds to one step of transcription. Which part of a gene corresponds to which step?
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Marks the beginning of a gene Where RNA pol binds to start tscn
What is a promoter?
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The promoter
Where does RNA pol bind to the DNA it’s transcribing?
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It opens Transcription bubble or puff
What happens to the DNA when RNA pol binds? What is this open region called?
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no
Are both strands of DNA copied during transcription?
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RNA pol adds RNA nt to build transcripts
What happens during elogation?
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template
What is the name of the strand that is read?
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5’ to 3’
Which direction does RNA pol work?
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3’ to 5’
Which direction does it read?
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3’ to 5’
So the template strand runs ____ in the direction the RNA pol moves.
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Coding strand
What is the name of the DNA strand that is being made into an RNA copy?
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Marks the end of the DNA that’s being transcribed
What is a termination signal?
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transcripts
What are the products of transcription?
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All 3 kinds!
What kinds of RNA are made during transcription?
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Pre-mRNA
What is the direct result of transcription of protein-coding genes in eukaryotes?
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Processing! ◦ Capping◦ Splicing
What must happen to pre-mRNA before it leaves the nucleus?
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splicing
What do we call the process in which intervening sequences are removed from pre-mRNA and remaining sequences are “glued” together?
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Introns Introns intervene or interfere
What do we call the intervening sequences?
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Exons Exons are expressed
What do we call the remaining sequences that are “glued” together?
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Into the cytoplasm to the ribosomes for translation
Once the processed mRNA leaves the nucleus, where does it go?