Read the following excerpt from the Book of the Dead. Turn to your bellringer page and answer the...
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Transcript of Read the following excerpt from the Book of the Dead. Turn to your bellringer page and answer the...
BELLRINGER
Read the following excerpt from the Book of the Dead. Turn to your bellringer page and answer the following questions:
After reading this passage, what can you deduce about the afterlife and its importance in Egyptian daily life?
Why would someone be listing everything they did not do?
BELLRINGER – PRE-AP
Read the following excerpt from the Book of the Dead and Song of the Nile.
After reading this passage, what can you deduce about the afterlife and its importance in Egyptian daily life?
Why would someone be listing everything they did not do?
ANCIENT EGYPT
OLD KINGDOM: THE “________________”
THE NILE RIVER Flooded ____________________(July) and
receded in October leaving fertile soil Lived along lower part of Nile early on… Ended along the ___________________:
churning rapids with jagged cliffs and boulders
LOWER EGYPT AND UPPER EGYPT
3200 BCE Egypt under rule of 2 different kings
3100 BCE _________________ united Egypt 1st dynasty of 31 that will last 2600 years
OLD KINGDOM EGYPT
Begins with 3rd dynasty around 2660 BCE
________________ were god-kings Center of religion (______________) Government Military
“AGE OF PYRAMIDS”
Pharaoh had an eternal spirit or ka Resting place after death was a
_________________ More stone than Fertile Crescent
RELIGION
More ____________ than Mesopotamia Ra (god of sun) and Horus (god of light)
most important Over 2000 gods and goddesses Afterlife- heart weighed
DEATH IN EGYPT
All classes planned burials to safely reach Other World
Built tombs Preserved the body through ________________________ Put in coffin in tomb with scrolls, clothes, cosmetics,
food, and jewelry
CLASS SYSTEM IN EGYPT
CLASSES AND WOMEN IN EGYPT
Social classes were not set in stone Could gain status through
________________ Slaves could gain freedom ________________ could lead to high
positions Women had many similar rights as men
Own or trade property Propose marriage or seek divorce Entitlement to 1/3 of family property in
divorce
EGYPTIAN WRITING
Pictographs quickly developed into ______________which means “sacred carving”
1srt written on stone and clay, but later on ______________- reeds that grew in the marsh
ACTIVITY: WRITE YOUR OWN HIEROGLYPHICS
Look at the worksheet. Using the information provided, try to decipher the code.
Once you are finished, try creating your own hieroglyphics on a separate sheet of paper.
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN ANCIENT EGYPT
Many inventions served a practical purpose Numbers, addition, and subtraction for
taxes ____________________for boundaries of farms Builders used mathematical calculations
for constructing pyramids and monuments Architects used columns in homes,
palaces, temples ____________to help planting season Medicine, pulse rate, splints, and surgery
THE DECLINE OF OLD KINGDOM
2180 BCE, power started to decline First Intermediate Period (100 years) __________________2080-1640 BCE
improved trade, transportation, and irrigation
1640 BCE Hyksos “chariot riders” took over for 70 years (Second Intermediate Period)
After that, the New Kingdom rises…
NEW KINGDOM EGYPT______________________________________________ (1570 BCE- 1075 BCE)
THE NEW FACE OF THE NEW KINGDOM Now had ____________
weapons and 2 wheeled ___________________
Army included archers, charioteers, and infantry
New crown- a battle helmet
NEW RULERS OF NEW KINGDOM
_____________________ _______________________ Declared self Pharaoh in
1472 BCE Encouraged trade over
warfare
Stepson of Hatsheput Invaded Palestine, Syria,
and Nubia
_______________________
1290- 1224 BCE Lived to 99 years old Considered one of the greatest
pharaohs “The Great Ancestor” Father of 150 children Discovered in 1881, on display
at Cairo Museum
EGYPT AND THE ____________________
Taking Syria and Palestine led the Egyptians into conflicts with the Hittites
Met at Battle of ___________ 1285 BCE– ended in standstill
Ramses II and Hittite king made a treaty that lasted the rest of the century
AGE OF BUILDERS
Beautiful palaces, tombs, and temples were built but hidden from grave robbers
Chose _____________________, near Thebes
VALLEY OF KINGS
DECLINE OF THE NEW KINGDOM
Attacked by “________________________” Egypt never recovered Broke apart regionally Libyan pharaohs ruled Egypt and
adopted culture After that, the ____________________ took
over and also embraced Egyptian culture.
KUSHITES (NUBIANS) CONQUER THE NILE Egypt ruled _________
for 1000 years As Egypt declined, took
over as power Nubia was between first
cataract and division of Blue and White Nile
Served as link between _____________ and the Mediterranean
KERMA
Started a little after 2000 BCE
1st ______________ kingdom Buried in chambers larger
than Egyptian princes Prospered during
____________________________________________________
Done by Piankhi in 751 BCE
KUSH
Studied under __________________while ruled by Egypt
Adopted architecture, clothing, and customs from Egypt
Attempted to take over Libyans to help preserve culture
____________________________
Royal family moved here for better protection
More rich in resources, better weather Traded along the Red Sea Prospered 250 BCE – 150 CE