Classifying the Elements

P.T. displays the symbols and names of the elements, along with information about the structure of their atoms

The different colors of squares differentiates the groups of elements◦ Group 1A -> alkali metals◦ Group 2A –> alkaline earth metals◦ Group 7A-> halogens

Squares in the Periodic Table

Electron Configuration in Groups◦ Elements can be sorted into noble gases,

representative elements, transition metals, or inner transition metals based on their electron configuration Noble Gases

Group 8A Rarely take part in reactions All end with an s & p orbital

Representative Elements Display a wide range of physical and chemical properties

Some are metals, nonmetals, or metalloids s & p orbitals are not filled completely

Compare the 2 below: which is a noble gas and which is a representative element?

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2

1s22s22p63s23p4

Transition Elements◦ Group B◦ 2 types

Transition metal Highest occupied s sublevel and a nearby d sublevel

contains electrons Characterized by having the d orbital

Inner transition metal Highest occupied s sublevel and nearby f sublevel

generally contain electrons Characterized by f orbitals that contain electrons

◦ Blocks of Elements P.T. can be divided into different blocks

Orange= s orbital Green= d orbital Purple= p orbital Blue= f orbital