Digital Convergence Digital Convergence Technology & InnovationTechnology & Innovation

Seoul National Univ.Prof. JunSeok Hwang

What is Convergence?What is Convergence?

• “The act of converging and esp. moving toward union or uniformity”

• “Using one medium not multiple”• Technological view (“clean slate”)

Everything can be reengineered to provide better and flexible service to users.

• Business view Strategic alliance / joint-venture / merger In order to operate more efficiently

Convergence Layers in Convergence Layers in TelecommunicationsTelecommunications

Rephrasing the convergence layersRephrasing the convergence layers

• Transport (Physical Layer) Wireless / Wire

• Switching (Data Link / Network Layer) PSTN / IP / ATM

• Content (Application Layer) Voice / Music / Video

• Telecom/IT (Computing and Processing Layer) P2P / GRID

Driving forces of convergenceDriving forces of convergence

• Economics Lowering Costs Simplified Provisioning Easier Management and less Maintenance More rapid provisoning

• Convenience / Solicitation Fewer user interface Integrated consumer

• Market Improved service New services

Challenges to convergenceChallenges to convergence

• The need to change infrastructure • Different regulatory framework• Uncertain economics• User adoption and adaptation • Protocol, Standard, and Compatibility• Cultural / Professional Gap• Migration from interoperability• Unproven reliability and availability

Transport Level of ConvergenceTransport Level of Convergence

• ISDN • ADSL • DPL• FTTH• Cable• Wireless / WLL / SDR• Satellite

Switching LevelSwitching Level

• POP / Gateway • PSTN

Line SS7

• IP QoS ENUM Interconnection

• ATM

Content levelContent level

• Ownership IPR / DRM Security

• Media standard

Computing / Processing levelComputing / Processing level

• Resource sharing / utilization File sharing Korea@home GRID

• Unified messaging• ASP • Utility computing

Convergence Convergence Paradigm Paradigm

Convergence Paradigm in Telecommunication IndustryConvergence Paradigm in Telecommunication Industry

Convergence and DivergenceConvergence and Divergence

First Generation ConvergenceFirst Generation Convergence ((Stephen Abram, Convergence2000)Stephen Abram, Convergence2000)

• Technology Parks Telephones communicate Televisions entertain Radios play music Computers process data Terminals process words Calculators do math

Second Generation Convergence Second Generation Convergence ((Stephen Abram, Convergence2000)Stephen Abram, Convergence2000)

• Broad market Tools goes digital and move to the IP and Web Your PC plays data, words, music, audio,

video and allows you to interact, communicate, play

Third Generation Convergence Third Generation Convergence ((Stephen Abram, Convergence2000)Stephen Abram, Convergence2000)

• The tools get personal Your PCS phone lets you pick up e-mail,

check stock quotes, get tickled by your calendar, and, even talk!

Your PDA lets you access your files and the web and more

Fourth Generation ConvergenceFourth Generation Convergence((Stephen Abram, Convergence2000)Stephen Abram, Convergence2000)

• The tools move seamlessly into our lives - work & play

• Like the computers in your car you just won’t know they’re there

Convergence Industry trendsConvergence Industry trends

• Technology Innovations New communications media Improvements in signal processing

• Increased competition among service providers “Everybody in everyone else’s business” Proliferation of services, vendors, choices, prices

• Realignment: mergers, acquisitions, partnerships, etc.

• Deregulation New mandate for incumbents Open access of cable broadband network Local competition Removal of cross ownership rule Managed by market power

Table of Contents

Digital Convergence & Innovation

Five Convergence Technology

Conclusion

Digital Convergence & InnovationⅠ

Digital Convergence Digital Convergence (1)(1)

Digital Convergence

Informatio

n

Processing

Comm

unication

Media & Entertainment

Computer Science

Telecommunication

Cinema, Radio, TV …

Games

cd-romCable

Brocadcast.

net

Digital Convergence(2)Digital Convergence(2)

Mobile Phone Home

Appliance

Banking

Game

IPTV

PC

TV

Car

Telematics

Mobile Game

DMB

Grid

Camera Phone

Mobile Banking

HomeNetwork

Why.. Innovation ? Why.. Innovation ?

(Convergence Future Forecasting with Innovation)

• Applying Innovation Theory to Convergence Circumstance

- Technology Innovation makes Convergence

- Innovation Theory can be applied to explain an IT Industry Structure

Convergence Innovation

Innovation’s meaning & ProcessInnovation’s meaning & Process

Idea

Invention

InnovationInnovation

Human Resources

Human Resources

MarketMarket

Industrial Setup

Industrial Setup

Production Structure

Production Structure

Technology Regime Policy Regime

INNOVATION

Innovation in terms of Technology, Social System and Innovation in terms of Technology, Social System and PolicyPolicy

Technology Innovation Process

New Tech. for Niche Markets

Selected by Social and Policy value

Innovation in terms of Economic and Social Welfare

Incubation and Development

Development by large scaled investment

( By. Geels )

User-driven InnovationUser-driven Innovation

( By. Von Hippel )

User-dominated User-dominated stepssteps

1 432

Significant instrument

Improvement invented,

Built, and used by

User.

Instrument company

Introduces commercial

Version.

A few users (or a few

Dozen) build their own

Instrument.

User diffuses results and

How-to-do-it information

Through publication,

Symposia, visits, etc.

Manufacturer roleManufacturer role

InventiveUser

Other users ask instrument

Companies when a commercial

Version will be available

Commercializing

Instrument

company

Invention, Prototyping Information diffusion Precommercial replication

and use

Commercial

Manufacture and Sale

Primary Actor

Innovation Process

Details

IdentifyNeed

Research/ Development

Apply/commercialize

Diffuse Innovation

Build Prototype

ATGATG

(Affluence, Technology, Globalization)(Affluence, Technology, Globalization)

1818thth century century 1919thth century century 2020thth century century 2121thth century century

AGRICULTURE AGE

(farmers)

INDUSTRIAL AGE

(factory workers)

INFORMATION AGE

(knowledge workers)

CONCEPTUAL AGE

(creators and empathizers)

Labor / Capital Tech. / Demand

Institution/ Diversity User

Future Forecasting by Convergence and Future Forecasting by Convergence and InnovationInnovation

Smart Mob ..!!!

Five Convergence TechnologyⅡ

Service Network Convergence

Distribution of Digital Cotents & DRM

Access Network Convergence

Management of Resource

Setop Box / Terminal Technology

Five Convergence Technology

• BcN– Broadband Converged Network tha

t can provide communication, broadcasting, internet at the ubiquitous circumstances.

– By 2010, 10 million user who use 50~100Mbps service will be joined.Facility market 26000 billion dollarExport : 13.5 billion dollar are expected

BcN Concept

Each Stage

Service Network Convergence ( 1 )

Coupling of On-Off LineService

Coupling of On-Off LineService

Both DirectionCommunication

Both DirectionCommunicationImage Distribution ServiceImage Distribution Service

DMB Platform Stage

TV divided mass media

DMB Settop platfom Stage Both directional TV compatible with mass media

Home Operation Platform Stage on- , off- line serviced is converged

•1st stage : Public Program re-seeing, Education, Entertainment, VOD / weather, real estate

•2nd stage : Remote education, Contents for child/ Home medical care, Game, Info. for inhabitant

•3rd stage : Integrated system for home appliance, Security, Real time remote education and health care

BroadBroadcastincastin

ggVOD/VOD/Cable/Cable/SatelliSatelli

tete

Movie/Drama

VODPublic

Programre-transmission

Contents for

education

VODHealth Care

GPS info.

Settop/Settop/Home PHome P

ortalortal

BothDirectional Education

Both

Directional

Medical

care

Many service for living

T-COMMERCE

T-GOV

T-POLL

HmeNeHmeNetworktwork

Integrating System for

living

Realtime

Remote

Medical Service

Home-

Commerce

Realtime remote

education

•Forecasting the IPTV development

Service Network Convergence ( 2 )

• Contents : Information Product that user can use information effectively Contents are distributed by Media

(Globalization)

CultureTechnology

Contents(Diversification) (High Risk/Return)

(Convergence)

Characteristics of Contents

Digital Contents Distribution and DRM ( 1 )

“Culture Industry is the key for Country development in 21st Century. “ -Peter Drucker

• CT(Culture Technology): New field by Culture and Technology

• Currently, DRM (Digital Right Management), other Compressional Tech. and Service

Technology are also included in Culture Technology

• In the future, Culture will be the key for value creation

DigitalTechnology

Power

DigitalTechnology

Power

Competitive PowerCulture

Technology

Culture Technology

Initiativeness&

Imaginary Power

Initiativeness&

Imaginary Power

Digital Contents & Culture Technology

Digital Contents Distribution and DRM ( 2 )

• Protection of Copyright by Technology• Offering the Trust Structure in Digital Contents Life Cycle

Digital Contents Life Cycle DRM Structure

Digital Contents Distribution and DRM ( 3 )

DRM

3G

Core Network(All-IP)

Home Networking(UWB, Zigbee)

WLAN/WiBro

DMB

4G?

Access Network (1)

“Access Anytime, Anywhere”

Future Access Network

Access Network (2)

Broadcasting

Broadcasting

Satellite(S-DMB)

송신탑(T-DMB)

중계기

Portable Terminal

Terminal for Car

ProgramProvider

ProgramProvider

DAB(Digital AudioBroadcasting)

- Digitalization of Radio Broad- Casting- CD Quality

Digital MultimediaBroadcasting

- Personal and Portable broadcastings- Multimedia Service

Digital MultimediaData Broadcasting

- Personalization Differentiation- Data Service

DMB

Access Network (3)

Wired Wireless

Telephone Cellular

(ADSL,VDSL, HFC) WiBro

WirelessInternet

WirelessLan

Voice

Date

Wireless TerminalConnect on movingUbiquitous Mass Data transfer

WiBro

Access Network (4)

Tech. & Product

xDSL, Cable,PowerLine, Wireless,

Satelite, FTTH User

Network

HomeGateway

HomeNetwork

Internet Terminal

HomenetworkService

HAVi, IEEE1394,HomeAPI, OSGi

Phone Line, Power Line,HomeRF, IEEE802.11,

Bluetooth

Web Phone,Communication device,

Computing device

Home Automation,Telephony,

Entertainment, Health, Security

PC TV User

HomeNetworking

Resource Management ( 1 )

Distributed Computing Paradigm

Network ResourceParadigm Shift !!

: Information Ownership is changing into User from Producer

Source) CERN

•Scalable connectivity of heterogeneous machines

• Intelligent support for User by the massive cooperation

The Future of Internet

Resource Management ( 2 )

Mobile Phone MP3

PDA

CameraPC

TV

Navigation / AV sys

GPS Phone

Camera MP3P

Satellite DMB

$100 Laptop

Wearable comp.

Smart Phone

MP3 Phone

Set top box

Home- Network

Telematics

Various Terminals in Convergence Age

Terminals & Set-top Box Tech. ( 1 )

Purpose

MIT Media Lab.

Dissolving “Info. gap”

Supplement by Government

Computers, Access, Educations

Technology

Electronic Ink

Innovative power

WiFi

Basic Spec.

AMD Chip, Linux based

14 inch TFT Monitor

Flash Memory

• Ubiquitous Use

• Mesh Network among Users

Forecasting the outcome of innovation : $100 Laptop (MIT Media Lab)

Terminals & Set-top Box Tech. ( 2 )

Intelligent Robot HMI, Sensor Controlling

Seamless Positioning, Ubiquitous Navigation

Digital Contents Movie, Music, NewsHomeNetwork Platform ServerDigital TV DMB

Embeded S/W OS, S/W, Platform Mobile Communication Cellular, wireless Lan

Next Generation PC in & output by five sensesIT-SoC Processor, DSP,RF

⊙ Future Technology

Report system of car accident

Auto-Avoiding the car accident

Warning Tech. for sleeping

Lane Keeping Technology

RFID Applied Technology

Network-Connected Car

Telematics Future Tech. : Safe Car for User

Terminals & Set-top Box Tech. ( 3 )

ConclusionⅢ

Circumstance making for Tech. Innovation

Speed of Convergence Tech.

Policy for Tech.

Balance is needed !!

Long-term

: Consistent Policy for National development and macro economic view

Short-term

: Catching the User’s Need and Support it for innovation by policy

Policy Separation (Short-term and Long-term)

Short-term Policy : Increase degree of freedom for user to use and develop new technology by market selection

Long-term Policy : Feedback by the result of short-term policy And by that making a regulation scope and long-term vision

• Asymmetry in each industry and service

: Opportunity is needed for user to use DMB, IPTV, BcN service

• Low degree of freedom in new tech. industry

• User-centered regulation organization is needed

• Considering is needed in terms of National development and Innovation

Applying to

DMB Case

Tech.

Policy

DevelopmentBy User

InternationalIT

Leader

IT Convergence Technology Development

Short-term and Long Term Policy and Innovation

Test-Bed, Early Adaptor

Vertical Integration

Openness, Modularity

Smart Mob Society

Toward an IT Leader Country

IT Korea

Blue Ocean

Exploitation

Thank Thank YouYou