TUESDAY – MAY 13TH, 2014 Pick up the note packet when you enter

and the pink sheet I will send a stapler around the room

AgendaABSOLUTISM – REVIEW!!Notes – Chapter 21 Section 1Assignment

TAKE OUT YESTERDAY’S ASSIGNMENT

1. King William and Queen Mary become rulers of England in 1689. Before they are allowed to rule, they have to accept the English Bill of Rights. According to the Bill of Rights, the king and queen have to share power with

Parliament. The monarchy was required to call on Parliament to meet, and turned over its

power to suspend laws. The king and queen lost control of the kingdom’s finances and the ability to

tax the nation, and gave control to the lower house of Parliament, the House of Commons.

2. As a monarchy, emperors ruled China by rights granted in the Mandate from

Heaven. The Chinese believed that there was only one Heaven, thus there could be

only one ruler. As “Sons of Heaven,” the Han dynasty commanded respect from all subjects. According to law, the emperor’s position could not be challenged by anyone. Emperors handpicked governors and all officials to centralize authority. Each emperor was also head of state and commander of the army, and ruled

without a legislative body to monitor imperial power or prevent abuse.

3. One of the last remaining monarchies in the world exists in

Saudi Arabia. Monarchs are chosen by members of the royal family and

approved by Muslim legal scholars in accordance to the Qur’an and Shari’ah (Islamic Law).

There are no elections or political parties. King Abdullah decides all state issues along with the Council

of Ministers and Consultative Council. The king appoints all members of the councils, and can

dismiss them at will. King Abdullah also has the power to dissolve both councils and

eliminate their positions. The king maintains final authority over all state affairs.

4. Benito Mussolini became Prime Minister of Italy in 1922. He eliminated all constitutional restraints on his power within

a few years. In 1928 he outlawed political parties and abolished

parliamentary elections. He used his control of the military to control the Italian people

and create a fascist state. He eventually became dictator of Italy and gained total and

complete control of the Italian government.

CHAPTER 21 SECTION 1

Spain’s Empire and European Absolutism

INTRODUCTION EQ – What were the causes and effects

of absolute monarchs in Europe? MAIN IDEA: During a time of religious

and economic instability, Philip II rules Spain with a strong hand.

WHY WE ARE LEARNING THIS: When faced with crises, many heads of government take on additional economic or political powers.

Essential QuestionsDescribe Spanish power under Philip IIExplain the origins of absolute monarchy

A POWERFUL SPANISH EMPIRE A New Spanish Ruler

In 1556, Philip II begins ruling Spain and its possessions

Philip II’s Empire Philip seizes Portugal in 1580 Gold and silver from Americas make Spain

extremely wealthy – $9 Billion a year According to mercantilists, the prosperity of a

nation depended on a large supply of bullion, or gold and silver

Defender of Catholicism Philip defends Catholicism against Muslims,

Protestants Spanish fleet helps defeat Ottomans at Lepanto

in 1571 Spanish Armada defeated by British in 1588

Essential QuestionsDescribe Spanish power under Philip IIExplain the origins of absolute monarchy

GOLDEN AGE OF SPANISH ART AND LITERATURE El Greco and Velázquez

El Greco uses unusual style to convey religious themes

Works of Velázquez show Spanish royal life

Don Quixote In 1605, Don Quixote by

Miguel de Cervantes is published

Book about man who reads too much about Chivalry and wants to become a Knight

Novel marks birth of modern European novel Makes fun of Chivalry? Longs for the past?

Essential QuestionsDescribe Spanish power under Philip IIExplain the origins of absolute monarchy

THE SPANISH EMPIRE WEAKENS Inflation and Taxes

Inflation weakens Spain’s economyTaxes on lower class prevents

development of middle class Making Spain’s Enemies Rich

Spaniards buy goods abroad, making Spain’s enemies rich

Philip declares bankruptcy three times due to weak economy

The Dutch RevoltProtestants in Netherlands win

independence from Spain in 1579

Essential QuestionsDescribe Spanish power under Philip IIExplain the origins of absolute monarchy

THE INDEPENDENT DUTCH PROSPER A Different Society

Netherlands is a republic and practices religious toleration

Dutch Art In 1600s, Netherlands becomes center of

European art – Patrons=$Rembrandt and Vermeer are famous Dutch

painters Dutch Trading Empire

Dutch merchants engage in world tradeDutch have world’s largest trading fleetDutch replace Italians as Europe’s bankers

Essential QuestionsDescribe Spanish power under Philip IIExplain the origins of absolute monarchy

ABSOLUTISM IN EUROPE The Theory of Absolutism

Rulers want to be absolute monarchs—rulers with complete power

Believe in divine right—idea that monarchs represent God on earth

Growing Power of Europe’s Monarchs Decline of feudalism, rise of cities help

monarchs gain power Decline in Church authority also increases

power Crises Lead to Absolutism

The 17th century is period of great upheaval Monarchs impose order by increasing their

own power

Essential QuestionsDescribe Spanish power under Philip IIExplain the origins of absolute monarchy

ASSIGNMENT – 10 POINTS Open your books to page 594 to the

“Analyzing Key Concepts” chart.Part A – Re-write the three causes of

Absolutism in your own words. (3 pts)Part B – Draw a picture of Absolutism (2 pts)Part C – Re-Write the three effects of

absolutism in your own words. (3 pts)Part D – Write a definition of Absolutism in

your own words (2 pts)

CRASH COURSE – SPANISH EMPIRE http://youtu.be/rjhIzemLdos?t=5m19s