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d l; l$

" If lt isn't an Eastman, .

istt 't a Kodak." ,I:'i

Picture Taking with the

Vest PocketAutographic

KodakSp ecial

Kodak Anastigmat Lens

t .7.7

4 Manulactured byi Eastman Kodak Company.t Rochester, N. y.

KODAKTrade -lIark. 13Jt.

EASTMAN KODAK CO}TP.{\Y.Rocnrs'rnn. N. Y.

Mexur-lct:unsRs oF

Kodaks.Brownie Caineras.Kodiopticons,Kodak Fi lm'Ianks,Kodak Dry Mounting Tissue.Velox Paper,Eastman Film,Eastman Solio Paper,

. Eastman Ferro-Prussiate papet.

Eastman Velvet Bromide paper,Eastman Brilliant Velvet Bromide paper,Easturan Royal Bromide paper,

Eastman Standard Bromide paper,Eastman Platino Bromide paper,Eastman Enameled Bromide paper.

Eastman Matte-Enamel Bromide paper,Eastman I'ested Chemicals,Tripods andOther Specialt ies.

TRADE ] } IARKS REG. U . S . PAT , OFF .

-l larclt . 13lr i .

. .KODAKERY"

A monthly magazine that teaches how tomake better pictures wil l be sent FREE OFCfIARGE to every one who p,rr"tr*r"" o*?orrr amateur cameras from a dealer in photo_graphic goods, provicled this blank is fiil;;;;and sent to us within g0 days of the date thecamera was purchased.

AsTMAN Kour CouplNy.

To rIIE EAsrlrrAN Kooex Co., Rochester, N. y._^Tn

a ( ,do rdance_ v i t h vo r r r o f f e r , p l ease p lace rnv13,.1," nn the mail ing l i ic for . .K,ro..r.kenv.;

i* i i i i f r illl$ifi'tLil?,?lhat trrer,' is to r,e no'eo-i;;";,;i'i

I

F

(Kind of Camera)

W'ritename anda,ddress

Plainll.

)\I\

fi f-#rltu*Ti'';"tfi l*il;t*:l';H#.r*lForm No. 338.16.

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:Picture Taking

with the

VEST POCKETAUTOGRAPHICKODAK, Special

Kodak Anastigmat Lens,t .7.7

Publ ished by theEASTMAN KODAK COMPANY,

Rochester, N. Y.

ORDER FILMB Y N U M B E R

All Kodak Films may be clistinguishecl bythe numbers on the ends of the cartons,

The number for film for the Vest PocketAutographic Kodak Speci,al is

A-127

NOTICE

r\utographic film can be used in old styleKodaks. old style film can be used in Auto-graphic Kodnks, but to get trutographic re-sulfs Autognrphic film must be used in anAutographic Kodzlk.

BEFORE LOADING.

Before taking any pictures with the VestPocket Autographic Kodak Spectal, f .7.7, readthe fol lowing instruct ions careful ly and makeyourself perfectly familiar with the instru-ment, taking especial care to learn horv tooperate the shutter Work it for both timeand instantaneous exposures several t imesbefore threading up the lilm.

The flrst ancl most important thing for theamateur to bear in mirrd is that the lightwhich serves to impress the photographicimage upon the sensit ive f i Im in a small frac-tion of a secotrrl when it comes through thelens, can destroy the film as quickly as itmakes the picture. -\fter the film has beendeveloped and all cleueloper thorou,ghtuwashectr out, it ma1- be quickly transferred irrsubdued white light to the fixing bath withoutinjury. 'Ihroughout all the operation of load-ing and unloacling, lte extrernely careful tokeep the red paper rvound tightly around thefi lm to prevent the adrnission of l iEht.

E.\ST\I, \N KODAK COMPANY.

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PART I .

LOADING THE KODAK.

CONTENTS.

Panr l-Loading.

P. rn l I l -Mak ing t l te Exposurcs .

P,rnr I I l -Removing the Fi lm.

P,r.nr lV-Developing.

I'.lnr V-Printing on Velox Paper.

P,rnr Vl-Mounting.

fhe f i lm for the Vest PocketAutographic Kodak Special, . f .7.1is furnished in l ight proof cart-r idges ancl the instrument cantherefore be loadcd in clayl ight.'I'he operation should, holvever, beperformed irr a subduecl l ight, notin Lhe glare of bright surr l ight. I tshould also be borne iu mind thatafter the seal is broken care mustbe t:rken to keep the red paper tauton the spool, otherwise i t may sl ipancl loosen suffrcientl5' to fog thefilm.

Tnn Fnu.No. A-127

The Autographic FiIm Cartridge is madervith a thin rcd instead of the famil iar thickrcd and black (duplex) paper. The thin redpaper is rrot light proof in itself. Betrveen itand tbe film is inserted a strip of tissue. Thist issuc serves two purposcs: To supplemcntthe red paper in light proofing the cartridge,and to permit the rt'cording, by light, of thewrit ing upon the f i lm.

O P E N I N G T H E K O D A K .

I. Take a position as far as possible fromany window. Hold Kodak in the left handand pul l back catch in center of top of in-strument, See Fig. I .

F rc . I I .RruovrNc Top.

Loosen top by gently lifting up wiilr boththumbs, and remove by pressing up withforefingers as shown in Fig. II.

F rc . l I I .

II. In the film pocket at one end of theKodak wil l be seen a metal spool having a sl i tiu. i t , This is the reel. which must now beremoved irs the cartridge is to be inserted inthis pocket.

III. Remove metal spool by catching itn'ith the thumb and forelinger of the rigbthand, arrd l i f t same out. See Fig. I I I .

IV. Remove the gummed slip that holdsthe end of red paper, from the cartridge, andthread tapered end of red paper into the slotof the empty spool, so tha,t the sli,t itt, the end,

I oJ spool tui.l,l, be at the top, tuhile ct't .the sametime the slit a,t encl, of full, spool, taill be at thebottom oJ the cartridge. Then give the emptyspool three or four turns, or until the black

( 6 ) (7)

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DutKus.org/chinon

line on outside of paper is reached, at thesame timc being careful that the paper drawsstraight and true. Sce Fig. IV.

V. The camcra may now be loaded by flrstunrolling about four inches of the red paper

and thcn lowering the two spools into thefilm pockets at each end of the instrument,

Frc. V.

allowing the red paperr between the two, to

slide down into the slot at back of instru-

ment. See Fig:. V.

Nornr It willbe found that by inserting theempty spool into its respective pocket first, forabout one-quarter of an inch, that the red paperwjll more readily slip into the slot without dang.erof tearing'.

(8)

VI. After spools have been lowered into

tlre pockets, push both as far dolvn as poss;-

ble in order that the tension springs at tlie

side of the film pockets may hold thern securelS

in place, creating suff icient drag to draw t le

fllm taut, and afford perfect register of focaiplane.

The paper should now be in position as

shown in Fis. VI.

Frc . V I .

SnowrNc PosrrroN op PlPrn.

VII. Replace top of Kodak by reversingopcration shown in Fig. I I , Page 6.

Before fasterring the catch, however, press

down slightly on ttrp and turn winding kcytoward front of Kodak, until the web on thekcy engages in slit in top of spool. The top ofKodak wil l not go ful ly into place unti lwinding web is thus seated. (Whethcrweb isseated or not may be readily determined bywatching through the little window to seewhcther or not the paper moves when key isturned). Then sl ide catch over to secure.top.

NoTE: I f cover is not properly f f t ted, I ight wi l lbe adrnitted to the fllrrr,

Throughout the Joregoi,ng opera,tions, fromthe tim,e tlrc gu,mnted slitrt is cut on ,the fresltroll of fr.lnz unti,l th,e to(t is once more in place,lceep th.e red paper wound, tightla on the roll.If it is ctllowed, to loosen, light wiU bead,mitted, and the film fogged,.

(e)

Frc . V I I .

VIII. The roll of film in the camera iscovered with red paper and ttris must bereeled off before a picture can be taken, Turnthe key slowly toward front of Kodak andwateh in the little red window at the back ofthe camera. See Fig. VII.

PART I I .

MAKING THE EXPOSURES.

A/n

Before making an exposure with the Vest

Pocket Autographic Kodak Srtecial, :f.7.7,either t ime or instantaneous, be sure of three

t l r i n g s :Frnsr-That the shutter is adjusted properly.(For time. instantaneous or bulb exposnres, a,s

desired.)(n)

:IF 'tt.

When 15 to l8 half-turns have been given, ahand point ing toward the No. I exposure wil lappear, then turn slowly until the figure 1appears before the window.

The film is now in position for making thefirst picture.

(ro)

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Sncosn-' Ihat the diaphragm stop is set att l te proper opening,

Tnrnn-That an unexposed section of thefi lm rs tumed into posit ion.

SECTION I .

Opera t ing the Shut te r .

Perfect familiarity with the shutter is essen-tial to successful picture taking with anycamera.

As the shutter on the Vest Pocket Auto-graphic Kodak Special, f 7.7, is equippecl wiilrthe Autotime Scale, the following directionsshould be carefully reacl ancl the shutter oper-atecl several times before threadinE the filnrup for use.

D i rec t ions Io r Us ing the Auto t imeSca le in Connect ion w i th the

Vest Pocket Autograph icKodak Special, f 7.7.

I. This shutter is always set. To make anexposure simply place the indicator . ,A"

atthe point desired (for kind of exposure) andpress dolvn on spring actuateci lever locatedimmediately back of the camera front., N o T E - \ \ ' h e n . r n a k i n E t h e e x p o s l t r e . l r r e s s t h e s h u t _{ :e l ' . lever .s10,r l i l . so Rs to avoid . iar r i r rg the Kodak.If.the Koda.k is rro[ he]d steadiiy a Ut-urieif tl;ti l;w i l l resul t .

Indicator A at "T"

sets for time exposure.Press the lever lirmly. This opens the shut_

ter. Time exposure by a watch. Again pressthe lever. This closes the shutter. Great careshould be taken not to jar the camera.

Indicator at "B" makes bulb exposure' the

shutter remaining open as long as the lever is

held down and closing when it is released'

Inclicator at 25 ot 50 gives speed of approxi-

mately 1'25 and 1 50 of a secorrd'

K ind o i L igh t .'I'oP Soarn.

II. OnntNanv INsrlxrlxnous Exposunrs-

Set indicator A according to the kind of l ight '" Br i l l i an t " o r "C lear . "

BnrrruNr-Or intense sunshine' llse onlg

lvhen sunshine is clear and intense ancl is

shining directly on the principal part of the

picture,Cr,n,rn This is used for all ordinary sunshine

and also for intense sunshine, when it is ztof

shining directly on principal part of picture

or lvhen part of the subjeet is in shadow.

When the subject is in the shadow or during

cloudy weather, it will be necessary to make

a time exposure, in order to obtain a sufficient

illumination-under such conditions the cam''era

should be set on some steady support and

the indicator set at "T" or

"B" as the judgment

of the operator may direct.With

"brilliant" or "clear" the camera may

be held in the hands.

K ind o I P ic tu re .

Borrou Soaln.

II I ' set indicator "8" according:to kind of

picture.Crouns-Use this division for no other

subjects.

03)(rz)

f I-rnrxr: \ ' rr-n- - When vierv is nearly al lrvater. s. i th ships or yachts at a long distance,This division may also be used for distantviex's, such as landscapes, mountain vieu.s,etc., n'here the r l 'hole vierv is removed somedistance. or in other words, a general view,tr: i t l tout a principal object in the foreground.

Excrprros-]Iarine or distant views may betaken at open lens and instantaneous r,vhencondit ions ret luire i t , such as from decks ofmoving r-essels lvhen the l ight is poor.

Avtnrcn Yrr.n- I'onrnlrr-A Eencral lancl-' scape u:i,tlt ct prittcipct"l object in the fore.

gt'ound, the general landscape being in ilrenature of a background to i l re principalobject. For viervs less than one hundred feetdistance and for general portraiture.

When the subject is on the shady side of abuildingrvith good reflected light set ilre lowerpointer at Portrait and use "Clear"

for t i rne.MovrNc On;rc.rs-Uset for all moving objects

and for all near viervs rvhere ilre principalobject does not receive the direct lrght of thesun or sky. Use also for near objects of gen-eral red, green, brown or black color.. No lc - l i x1 ,ose l l r vur .s fo l . t l re l r r ine ip ls l sub iec ti l r I nc l ) t c tu re w l r i c l r J uu rv i sh to b r ins , ou t .

. Genera l .

IV. Moving objects recluire .ilre use of"bri l l iant" and "moving

objects."Ordinary moving objects, such as people

walking, street traff ic, etc., can be taken wii l r"bri l l iant" or "clear"

ancl "moving objects."

In case it is clesirable to cut dorvn the aper-

ture in orcler to gain th€ full depth of the focus

of your lens it is only necessarlr to move the

indicator "8" to

"clouds" or stop !- '32 and

make a short time exposure setting indicator

A at ,,'f" or

..8", as the judgment of the

operator maY direct.

In cities where the light is rnodified by ltigh

buildings use slightll' largel aperture than

indicated.

The markings are f or Summer at mid-day'

During Winter or for morning or afternoon

rrse next larger aperture than indicated'

SECTION I I .

If prefelrecl the following instructions may

be t tse t l ." S n a P S h o t s "

!'or trll ordinary Instantaneous Exposures'

Frnsr-Set the indicator A at 25 or 50' This

adjusts the shutter for instantaneous expo-

sures of 1-25 and 1-50 of a second'

Sr:coNn-Set the indicabor B at f i'7' Lever

B controls the Iris diaphragm, and /'7'7 is tltt:

proper opening for ordintrry instantaneous

exposures.'furnu-Press clown on spring actuated lever,

immediately back of camera front' This

rnakes the exPosure.

Norr: In bright light, set the lever at t)0,. Ureh i e b e F t s t ' e e ( I . l l l m o l e s l l l l d u e d l i A n t s s e r a u z D 'i rL i i do n i ' t a . t l ,e t ) t l )c to lnake anI i l ls tant 'aneuusexposltres in very dull l ight.

(14) (15)

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Time Exposures .

F-rnsr-Set i l re levcr A at i l re point T (t imd.' I 'his ndjrrsts thc shutter for t ime exposures.Srcoro-Set the leYer B ^ t . f .7 .7 ,11 , t6 , 22 or

3?. accordine to i l re t ime of exposure andnature of srr l t ject. See instruct ions for use ofstops, page gJ.

Trrrno-Press down on spring actuaterl lever.Tlt is opens t l ie shutter. ' l ime

exposlrc blr awatch. Aeain press the lever. This <, l i rsesthe shutter.

B u l b E x p o s u r e s .When it is r lesirable to make a very sltort

time exposure ilris is best nccomplislred bytnaking a "bulb

cxposure."Frnsr-Set the indicator A at the Foint

, ,8,,(bulb). fhis adjusts i l re shuttcr for bulbexposures.

Sr:coxo-Sctthe indicator B control l ins f lrestops, at f .7,7, tL,16, Z.J or B?, as desired. Seepage 35.

THrnn-Press lever to open the shutter. anclrelease it to close the shutter. 'Ihis makcsthe exposure. The shutter rvill remain operras lolg as the ler.er is undcr pressurc.

Iulontaxr.Never o i l s l ru t te r . In case o f acc ider r t , re_

turn Ko<lak to your dealer or to us for repairs.The Lens .

The Vest Pocket Autographic Kodak S1:.teci,ctl,f.7.7, is etluipped lviilr a Kodak Anastigmatlens, the speecl of which is indicated *V.i.ltneaning that it will cut sharp to the corrrersat l / 7.7 of i ts focal length.

Get Acqua in ted Wi th Your Lens '

The user of any lens should familiarize him-

self ivi th i ts l imitat ions, as well as with i ts

capabilities. This is particularly true in the

czr,se of the Anastigmtats, and rve therefore ask

that those who are not entirely familiar u'ith

photographic optics, read the following brief

exptanation, that they may get the full benefit

of the power of their lens' and that, on tlte

other hand, they do not ask of it the im-

possible. It should be borne in mind, horv-

ever, that rvhat we have to say here is

applicable only to lenses such as are supplied

on ttie Vest Pocket Autographic Kodak' These

directions make no pretention to covering the

entire field of photographic optics'

In comparing the work of one lens rvith

another you must, first of all, remember that

such comparisons must be made with a stop

opening of the same relative size' In com-

paring the Arrastigmat with the Meniscus

Achromatic, with rvhich the regular Vest

Pocket Autographic Kodak is equipped, do

,not expect as great depth of focus with yolr

Anasti lmatset at an opening of f '7 '7 as.the

Meniscus lens gives at its largest openlng'

/ .r1.t . TheAnastigtnat at l '11 wil lgive greater

depth of focus than the Meniscus of the same

foial length with approximately the same

opening, *ttit", on the other hand, the Men-

iscus will not work aI all at f '1'7 '

NorE : It shoulrl be borne in mind that.the shortertrr"jit:rgtii6fiJciis, ltte sreater thc deptlr of Joctts'fnl i " i i r l" i"" *hy ver'y.sinal l canreras' suclr &s^ t l)e\ est Pocket Aut()gral lnlc kirr lak' ean l tave " l l {*: :4r,riris;' 1l,"movabie1,' t' trite larger carlrera's are arll r ade so t hey can be f ocused '

(16) (rr)

What Depth o l Focus Means.

Suppose norv that you are using your Anas_tigmat at the ful l opening./. f . f . An object t0feet distant x' i l l be absolutely sharp, objects6 and 25 feet distant, rvhi le not as sharp, wi l lbe sharp enough for all ilractical purposes.Stop your Anastigmat down to /. f1. andthose objects each side of i l re exact point offocus wil l rnaterial ly increase in sharpness.Go further arrd use stop f.zL, or a still smallerstop, and cverything from 5 feet on to infinitywill be sharp. It will thus be seen ilrat ilresrnal ler the stop the greatcr the depth of focus,i. e., the greater ilre power of ilre lens tc,sharply deline. But it is obvious ilrat withthe small stops the exposure must be cor-respondingly lengtherrecl.

ANASTIGMAT SPEED.

IJsing a stop of f.tl. or smaller, the advan_tages of the Anastigmat over ilre \.{eniscusAchromatic lens is an improvement in dcl ini_tion and in the corrections of lines, But letus suppose that we desire to take a picture ona cloudy day. What do we find? The /,value of the lens denotes the relat ion of theopening in that lens to i ts focal length. Sup-pose then, that we are using the NleniscusAchromatic lens, (3 inch focus), speed /.u.e,and an Anastigmat lens, speed, / .?.2 of thesame length of focus, 3 inches. How do theycompare in speed ? To reduce this to itssimplest terms, we will divide ilre focal

length (three inches) in each case b]' thevalue.

g '.- ll.8:2653':- 7.7--389

It will thus be seen that in using the l'Ienis-cus lens the largesb opening is 265-1000 of aninch in diameter and, rvi th the Anastigmat389-1000 of an inch, I'he amount of ligltt aci-mitted by a lens in a given time depencls, ofcourse, upon the area of the opening at th:rt

t ime being used in that lens. The amount of

light admitted in a given time with the-se

different lenses would, therefore, be in directproportion to the square of their diameters.

flere, then, ornitting the fractions, is the

result :

f,,Ieniscus Achromatic lens 265 x 265: 102Anastigmat Ierrs, 389 x 389:1513

We thus find that the speed of the Anastig-

mat is double thespeed of the \ ' Ieniscus lens,it therefore admits twice as much light as Ure

Meniscus in a given amourrt of time. Therein

lies the greatest Anastigmat advantage. But

simply because i t has t l t is speed, you don't

ahvays need to use it. The speed must be

uscd rvith discretion, just as greater care is re-quired in operating arr automobile than in

operating a bicycle.Under conditions that would give you good

results with a l leniscus lens at l .11.3, use stop

/.11, with your Ar.rastigmat, don't use the

largest opening for every occasion use it

only for emergency. Your greatest Anastig-(18)

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mat adr-antage lies in thc fact ilrat when thel igirt is so poor that you cannot gct a properlytirned negatir-e rvith your Nleniscus Icns at itsgreatest opening,/.11.3, withoutresort ing to at ime exposure, you can open up your Anas-t igmat to i ts ful l openirrg and get a successfulsnap shot.

A LAW OF OPTICS.

The larger the stop opening, the less depthoffocus. This is not arule covering any par.ticular lens that \,ve or anyone else exploits.It's as fixed as the course of the planets.\Yith a large opening, depth of focus must bcsacri f iced. In this matter of opening, then,t lre dif f lercnce betrveen t lre ] \ Icniscus arrd i l rcAnastigmat is this: I'he Anastigmat will cutshzrrp on objects over the entire picture, wiilra large opening, admitt ing a large amount ofl ight, thus requir ing a relat ively short ex-posure ; but when this large operring is used,there is no great depth of focus. (With thevery short focus lenses, however. such as areused on the Vest Pocket Autographic Koclak,this qual i ty is negl igible). The N{eniscus lensrvill not cut the errtire picture sharp with itslargest opening. With the srnaller openings,as /.11., etc., the Anastigrnat has grcaterdepth of focus and gives sharper clefinitionover the entire picture.

D E D U C T I O N S .

It is perfect ly evident then that i t is best touse only a moderately Iarge stop opening,(say /.ff ) even with the Anastigmat, :and

tirne accordingly when conditions will permit.

Horvever. when the light is dull and a snap

shot is desired, the full opening may be used.

S E C T I O N I I I .

Ins tan taneous Exposures .

("SN.qp Snors.")

In taking instantaneous exposures theobject

should be in the broad, operr sunlight, but the

camera should not. l'he sun should be behind

the back or over the shoulder of the operator.

If it shines directly into the lens it will blur

and fog the picture,

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Opening and Focus ing the Camera .

I. Grasp the instrument in the left hand,and 'lvith the thumb and forefinger of theright hand, take hold of the lips at right andleft of front. See [ ' iE. I .

F rc . IL

II . Extend bel lows by pul l ing out front tolimit of motion with a firm, quick movement,being sure that it drarvs out straigbt and true.The camera is then in focus. See Fig. IL

To make a vertical picture, aim the cameraat the object to be photographed and locatethe image in the finder. See l'ig. III.

l ' r c . I I I .

Always look into the finder from directly

over it, not a't a,rL angle. 'lhefinder shows the

scope of view and is a facsimile of what the

picture will be. I{olcl the camera steady' as

the least jarring will cause a blurred negative-hold it level as shown in Fig. III' and press

th,e leuer. This molces tlrc erposu're'

To make a horizontal picture, reverse the

findcr ancl hold Koclak as shown in Fig' IV'

Any object that does not show

will not show in the Picture.

(22)(ss)

in the findgr

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EEIVlfW INCLUDi:D u Ha\ llAKlNC VIE\V INCLUDED !i/HEN MAKINC

A HORIZO\TAL PiCTIRL A VERTICALPICTURE.

F'rc. V.

It wi l l be noticed that the top of the { inderis notched as shown in Fig. V, This is done strthat the one linder will correctly show thcview included rvhen the Kodak is held ineither horizontal or vertical position. As thepicture taken rvith the Vest Pocket Auto-graphic Kodak Speci.al is oblong it will readilybe seen that unless the finder was made irrthis rnanner, it lvould not correctly show theexact view intende<l when held in eif l rer 'posit iol .

Remember that <lnly the view indicatedwithin the dotted l ineswil l sholv in the picture.

: The Kodak Must Be He ld Leve l .

If the operator attempts to photograph atall building while standing near it, by point-ing the camera upward (thinking thereby tocenter it) the result will be similiar to Fig. VI.

This was poiuted too high. This buildineshoukl have been taken from the middle storywindow of the building opposite.

The operator should hold the cameraleael,

after withclrawing to a proper distance, as

indicated by the image shown in the finder'

Frc. VI.

If the object be down low like a small child

or a dog, the Kodak shnuld be held down level

with the center of the obiect

Norn: When Koda,k is not in use be especiallycaietut'not to expose face of instrument to directrays of the sun.

@4) Qs)

Fr t ; . V l I .

THE AUTOGRAPHIC FEATURE.

The Autographic Kodak has a small tlooron the back, covering a narrow slot tlrroughwhich the writ ing is done upon the red paper.

The siot is provided witb an automatic safetyspring border which operates when the dooris open to press the papers into contact withback of the film, thus securing thb sharp print-

ing of the image of the writing and preventihgthe diffusion of light around the edges of theslot. This slot is located so that normally thewriting comes between the exposures.

:#Frc ' V I I I .

Position of pencil (or stylus) when wtiting record

data on Autographic Film Cartridge usedin AutograPhic Kodak'

THE OPERATION.

After the picture is taken open the door, by

l i f t ing i t upwardswith the thumb. (F jg. vII ' )

Use the stylus, or a smooth pointed pencil'

hetd in as upright a position as is convenient,

and write on the strip of exposed red paper

any memorandum desired, such as the title of

the pieture, the date, or details in regard to

the exposure, light, stops, etc. (Fig. VIII.)

The following " Autoeiraphic Reibrd Strip "

is printecl merely to suggest a few of the

thousand and one ways in which autographic

records may be used to add value to your

negatives.

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, 4+h- 11. B0r<x -Soao. Ca{q,L*-8/q/1+ J-pl4- anls [.".sa

A N A U T O G R A P H I C N E G A T I V E .

To get a clear impression, press firmlyon both up and down strokes. Whi.l,e urit-ing, or aftemuards, 'the sun shotcld not beallou;ecl to sltine ttpon th,e paper. Tl:'e actionof the pencil or stylus so affects the tissue asto permit the light to record the writing uponthe fllm. After finishing the writing, the doorshould be left open for the printing, in accord-ance with the following table.

INc*lrsonscnNr LroiIr-distance 2 i nches, 50 to

60 seconds.Wrirsnacn Lrcnt-distance 6 inches. 30 to 60

seconds,Close the door before winding a new ffIm

into place.

Caution. In order to locate the writing

accurately in the space between the negatives

it is important that the film should be turned

so that the exposure number centers perfectly

in the red windo.w of the Kodak.

If a penci l be used, the point must be dry

and it must not be of the " indelible " variety,

Turn a new f i lm into posit ion: Turn the

key in top of camera slorvly to the left until

the next number appearsbefore the red win-

dorv (I 'age 10, Fig. VII). I 'hree or four turns

will be sumcient to accomplish this.

Itepeat the foregoing operations for eachpicture.

NorR- The rvarning itrdex ha,nd al)pcal's onl)- be-

fore No. 1.

Important.-When you have used the last

exposure (No.8) on your rol l of f i lm and have

rnade the autographic record of it in accord-

ance rvith'the foregoing directions, turn the

winding key of the Kr:rdak until a letter (A)

appears in the center of the window in the

back of Kodak. Raise the door and write your

tffcara et-}",t'tffvt +"^t d,"4,

1\ti.tri t. -tc..,.rra f,o .tu*,}C f|gf5

)iltn*,ai'*aE* OJ4d{

{+o,.qi,^4 €d&&, t?"qof ln tao*n-n a{lrnr"q tanr, t/A ao4

Ae<-k #4-7 t/61t4Pji'"q r-*^f,i ' '];.A-'3lSl'+

O;.t^x"-f, Iat- r/1lr*O..r*t u'rlt cYr.vpfforl-

(Erpose to the slca bwt not to the sun).

I i INDOORS CLOSEI OUT Or.Doons I ro wrNnow

uR-t,t"NT ttc"T Z t" f, S"-"a" I n t,o f So.r-"r* -

, , - .o " rona- . - l l t , , ro s"" - t , r " I0 t . 15 S""""d-

11l<ragrti,t- 1u*,4tt*- 5h h qAoo&^{ c+{i.&&J3^d-

+**x-t <t"i ,"'tnr^' t^tn glrl,+

(28) \291

name on t i ie red paper, expose i t to the sky the

same as rras done s'hen making the exposure

records, then close the door and f inish wind-

ing f i lm ancl red paper for removal from the

Kodak. Your f i im is now ready to send toyour

rinisher, and when developed wil l be readi ly

identified br- the autographic copy of your

name s'h;cir 1-ou wrote on the rcd paper.

Close the door before winding a new film intop lace .

S E C T I O N I V .

T i m e E x p o s u r e s - I n t e r i o r s .

1. \ \ 'hen i t is desired to make a vert icalexposure. pull dolvn the lever underneathlou'er part of front, which will act as a sup-port, and place camera in posit ion on someflrm base, such as a chair or table, as shownin Fie. I .

F rc . I .

M,rxrxc l Trun Exposunn.

Set camera in such a position that the finder

will embrace the view desired' The diagram

shows the proper positions for the camera'

ii ttto"fa "ot u" pointed directly at a window'

Dr.lcn.au SnowrNo Posrrroxs on Clunu'

as the glare of light will blur the picture' If

uir ir't" *i"aows cannot be al'oided' pull down

the shades of such as come wiurin the range

of the camera.When it is desired to make a horizontal time

exposure, place camera as shown in Fig' I I '

F rc ' I I '

All beiirg in readiness, set the slrutter as

described on page 16' push the lever' once to

.O"" ""a tgultt to close the shutter' l]ime

the exPosure bY a watch'

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Another Method.

Another wayof making short.time exposureswhich has much to recommend it is as f ollows :

Hold the palm of the hand before the frontof the Koclak, so as to cover the lens and ex-clude al l l ight (see Fig. I I I) . Press the reieaseto open the shutter; remove the hand anclgive the proper exposure; replace the handin front of lens and again press the release toclose shutter,

Frc . I I1 .

Some experienced amateurs prefer thismethod with any camera not having a pneu-matic release, as i t practical ly does away withal l danger of jarr ing the instrument duringexposure, and thus blurr ing the picture.

Tunr rnl; Kr:y.After making the Autographic record, turn

a new fihn into position, as descnbed befoie.See page 29,

Tun Kon.l,x rs Nor'v Rr,:.lr>y r,'on rsn Nr,:xrIxrunron Exposunr.

Follow the directions given heretofore for

each successive exPosure.

\,Vhen the last Interior Exposure is made'

adjust the shutter for instantaneous exposures

as before directed.

T ime Needed lo r In te r io r Exposures '

Tlie following table gives the time of the

exposure requirecl under varying conditions of

tlght with stop /.10 in the lens' If stop /'1r is

used, give only one-half the time' with /'7'7

give one-fourth the time, if stop f'22 is used

give twice the time of the table, al f '32 give

iour times the time of the table' 'fhe smaller

the stop the sharper the picture' Stop No' 16

gives the best average results for interiors'

White walls and more than one window:

bright sun outsicle,- 4 seconds;hazy sun' l0seconds;ctctiidY brjght, 20 seconds;cloudy dull, 40 seconds'

White walls and onlY one window lbrie'ht sun outside, 6 seconds;'haaY sun. 15 seeon'Is; -ctorittY bright' :10 seconds;cloudY dull. 60 seconds'

Medium colored walls and hangings and morethan one window:

brisht sun outside' 8 seconds;hal.Y sun, 20 seconds;clori t t .Y brignt ' 40 secon(ls;cloudi dull, 80 seconds'

Medium' colored walls and hangings and orrlyone window:

briEht sun outside, 12 seconds;hazy sun, 30 seconds;cloridY bright, 60 seconds;cloudY dull' 120 seconds'

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Dark colored walls ancl liangings arcl nroretlran one x' indolr ' :

br igl i t sun outside, 20 seconds;hazl ' sun,40 seconds;cloud-v bri ght, 80 seconds ;<:loudl- dull, 2 minutes, 40 seconds.

Dark colored u'alls and hangings and only onervinclow:

bright sru outside, 40 secolrds;hazt- sun. 80 seconds;cloudlr bright, 2 rninutes, 40 seconds:cloud-v drill, 5 rninutes, 20 seconds.

The foregoing is calculated for rooms rvhoscrvindows get the clirect light from the sky anclfor hours from three hours after sunrise untilthree hours before sunset.

If earlier or later the time reotrired r'r'ill belonger,

K o d a k P o r t r a i t A t t a c h m e n t .

By means of a Kodak Portrait AttaclrnrenLused with the Vest Pocket Autographic KodakStrteci,al f,7.7, head artd shoulder pictures ofincreased size may be obtained,

With the Kodak Portrait Attachrnent inposition the subject sltould be placed \Yt feetfrom the lens.

' Ihe attachment is simply an extra lensslippecl over lens opetring, and in no wa],alfects the operation of the carnera except tochange the focus. Price, 50 r:ents. Be sureand specify what carnera the attachment isto be usecl with'rvhen orclering.

T ime Exposures in Open A i r .

Wlren the stop J.32 is in the lens the lightadmittecl is so much reduced that t ime expo-

sures out of doors may be made the same as

interiors, but the exposure must be much

shorter.lVrrn SuNsnrNr-'I'he shutter can hardly be

opened ancl closecl quickly enough to avoid

over exposure.W'rtn Lrciu'r Clouns-From l-5 to % second

wil l be suff icient.Wrrn Hnavv Cr.ouos-From I to 3 secol lds

will be required'The above iscalculated for hours from three

hours after sunrise until three hours before

sunset and for objects in the open air' For

other hours, or for objects in the shadow'

under porches or under trees, no accurate

direct ions can be given; experience only can

teach the Proper exposure to give'

T'ime exposures cannot be made while the

camera is held in the hand' Always place it

upon scllne firm support such as a chair or

table.

DIAPHRAGMS.

The stops should be used as follows:F.?.?-l'or exposures of moving' o-ljects',with

sn;til,r sr]eea or 1-50 second; occasionally for slorveri i i"".r-"r i -25 on elou,ly t l .r l 's : f"r in( loor lx 'r tr ir i ts 'ahit f"r a, l I ordinaly exl)osures r)f l -50 of-a stcol lo'--nir-l'oi

exposuies of 1-25 second when the sunt$lr?l-"n"

exposures of 1-25 seco-nd when tlle s^un-t ic:nt is unusia, l ly strol l t{ a'nd there are no neavy" i i ,a .*" - sueh as- in v iews on the seashol 'e of ^on;;ti"r. *i*; i;" irrtelior tirne exl)osures' the time tor

i"ii i i.n is g i,ven itr the table on ptge 30'' F. iz n" i i 'az-For in ter iors . Fot t i lne, ex l )osures

out <lf doors in deep shadow or on verl" clou(ly (lal-s'

kiitii fiiiiit"ntaieou,s ert)osure$' Tlre srnaller tlre

"l'i,il)f,'ti?l'ii'i'.:nf.fii"$'iire res.rt i r l'ou use thesruallest stop for instantaneous exl)t)sures'

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FLASH L IGHT PICTURES.

By the introduction of llastman Flash Sheets,picture taking at night has been wonderfullysimplifled. A package of flash sheets, a pieceof cardboard, a pin and a match complete thelist of essential extras, although a Kodak FlashSheet Holder is a great convenience.

With flash sheets no lamp is necessary, thereis a minimum of smoke and ttrey are far saferthan any other self-burning flash mediums,besides giving a softer light that is less tryingto the eyes.

Many interiors can be taken with the flasbsheets that are impracticable by daylight,either by reason of a lack of illumination orbecause there are windows in the direct lineof view which cannot be darkened sufficientlyto prevent the blurring of the picture.

Evening parties, groups around a dinner orcard table, or single portraits may be readilymade by the use of our flash sheets, thusenabling the amateur to obtain souvenirs ofmany occasions, which, but for the flash lightwould be quite beyond the range of the art.

Preparation for the Flash.

The camera should be prepared for timeelposure, as directed on page l6 of this Manual(except that stop /.11 must be used), andplaced on some level support where, it willtake in the view desired.

Pin a flash sheet by one corner to a piece ofcardboard which has previously been fixed ina perpendicular position. If the cardboard is

/s6)

white it will act as a reliector and inereasd

the strength of the flash.

The flash sheet should ct'ltno,gs be placed two

feet behind. and two or three feet to one side

of the camera. If placed infront, or on a line

with front of Kodak, the flash would strike

the lens and blur the picture. It should be

placed at one side as well as behind' so as to

throw a shadow and give a little relief in the

lightins. The flash should be at the same

height or a little higher than the camera'

The supportupon which the flash is to be made

should not project far enough in front of it to

castashadowinfrontof the Kodak. Anextra

piece of cardboard & footsquare placed under

the fl ash sheet'rvill prevent any sparks from the

flash doing damage. However, by using the

Kodak Flash Sheet Hold0f'

al l these contingencies are

taken care of, and we

strongly advise its use.

The Kodak FlashSheet Holder.

This holder may be held

in thehand, crlua'E sbet w een

E ou ond, the fl o,sh sheet. Or

it may be used on any KG'

dak tripod, being provided with a socket for

that purpose. The sheet is placed in position

in the center of the larger pan ori the round

opening which has a raised saw-tooth edge ex'

tending half way around it. Press with the

thumb on the sheet, so a slight break is made

and a portion of the sheet projects partially

(3?)

s

through the opening. Then to insure theshects being more securely fastened pressaround the notched edge, forcing this portionof flash sheet firmly into position on the pan.'I'hen toset of the flash, merely insert a liglrtedmatch, from behind, through the roundopening.

Taking the Picture.

Having the Kodak and the flash sheet bothin position and all being in readiness, open thecamera shutter, stand at arm's length andtouch a match, from behind, through theround opening in the center.

Norr : If J'ou &re not using the Kodak I'lash SheetI{older, place the match in a split stick a,t least t$'ofeet long.

There will be a bright flash which will im-press the picture on the sensitive film. Thenclose the shutter, make the autographic rec-ord, and turn a fresh film into place with thekey, ready for another picture.

The Flash Sheet.

The size of the sheet required to light a roomvaries with the distance of the object farthestfrom the camera, and the color of tlte wallsand hangings.

T a b l e .

l'or l0 feet distance and light walls andu s e l N o . l s h e e t .

For 10 feet disttr,rce and dark rvalls andu s e l N o . 2 s h e e t .

tror 15 feet distance and light walls andu s e l N o . 2 s h e e t .

For 't5 feet distance and dark rva,lls anclu s e l N o . 3 s h e e t .

hangings,

hangings,

haagings,

hangings,

NoTE: Never use more than one sheet a,t a tirne inthe Kodak Flash Sheet llorder..

To M.a.xr A PonrRArr-Place the sitter in achair partly facing the Kodak (which shouidbe located sliglrtly higher than an ordinarytable) and turn the face slighUy towards theinstrument, having the eyes centered on anobject at the samb level with the lens. Theprdper distance from the camera to the sub-ject can be ascertained by looking at theimage in the finder. For a three-quarterpicture this will be from 6 to 8 feet, and for afull figure from 8 to 10 feet.

The flash should be on the side of the Kodakaway from the face, that is, the sitter shouldnot face it. The flash should not be higherthan the head of the sitter.

For using the Portrait Attachment. seepage 34.

To Maxr: .a, Gnoup-Arrange the chairs in theform of an arc,facing the Kodak, so that eachchair wi l l be exactly the same distance fromthe camera. Half the persons composing tltegroup should be seated and the rest shouldstand behind the chairs. If the group is largeany nuurber of chairs may be used, but noneof the subjects should be seated on the floor.as sometimes seen in large pictures, becausethe perspective would be too violent.

Blcxcnouxos-In making single portraits orgroups, care should be taken to have asuitablebackground against which the figur6 will showin relief; a light background is better than adark one, and often a single figure or two willshow up well against alace curtain. Forlargergroups a medium light wall will be suitable.

Il

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