ШУТИС ГГТС АМХайгуулын салбарmmer.mn/UserFiles/file/MMER-2009...
Transcript of ШУТИС ГГТС АМХайгуулын салбарmmer.mn/UserFiles/file/MMER-2009...
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С.Дандар, С.ЖаргаланС.Дандар, С.ЖаргаланШУТИС, ГГТС, АМХайгуулын салбарШУТИС, ГГТС, АМХайгуулын салбар
E.EuropianCraton Anabar Omolon
Late Proterozoic
Locating between Siberian (in north) and Sino Korean and Tarim (in the south) cratonsgeology of Mongolia has complicated structure, formed by repeated evidences collages ofcontinental blocks, ancient Island arc terrans subduction complexes and fragments ofancient oceanic crust, that amalgamated during PreCambrian, Paleozoic and Mesozoic
Siberian Craton
Craton Anabar
Aldan
Omolon
CB
Uralaids
Tarim
Sino KoreanCraton
Yangtze-CathaysiaTibet Plateau
AA O
B
Sengor et all., 1994Sengor et all., 1994
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Distribution map of Gold mineralization of MongoliaDistribution map of Gold mineralization of Mongolia
North Khentii gold beltNorth Khentii gold belt
Hard gold deposits and occurrencesPlacer gold depositsMain gold producing areas
Hard gold deposits and occurrencesPlacer gold depositsMain gold producing areas
Bayanhongor gold beltBayanhongor gold belt
NORTH KHENTII GOLD METALLOGENIC BELTNORTH KHENTII GOLD METALLOGENIC BELTEroo Au districtEroo Au districtBiggest gold producing region
400km long and 30-100 km wide, bordered by Bayangol fault in north and Yoroo fault in southContains 5 gold districts: Zaamar, Yoroo, Boroo, Tsaidam & Tseel
Boroo Au districtBoroo Au districtZaamar Au districtZaamar Au district
Boroo is hard gold mining Others are placer mining
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INTRODUCTION OF BOROO GOLD DISTRICTINTRODUCTION OF BOROO GOLD DISTRICTGeologic map of Boroo depositGeologic map of Boroo deposit
Ore body:Ore body:-- Extends over area 1.5 km x 2.5 km up Extends over area 1.5 km x 2.5 km up
to 400meters deepto 400meters deepOre types: Ore types:
G ld b i t iG ld b i t i
Ore body:Ore body:-- Extends over area 1.5 km x 2.5 km up Extends over area 1.5 km x 2.5 km up
to 400meters deepto 400meters deepOre types: Ore types:
G ld b i t iG ld b i t i
Section ASection A--A’ through Pit 3A’ through Pit 3Section ASection A--A’ through Pit 3A’ through Pit 3
-- Gold bearing quartz veinsGold bearing quartz veins-- Disseminated sulfide auriferous zonesDisseminated sulfide auriferous zones
Occurrence: Occurrence: -- Abundant free goldAbundant free gold
Ore Reserves: Ore Reserves: -- Approx, 10M tonnes of ~3ppm AuApprox, 10M tonnes of ~3ppm Au
-- Gold bearing quartz veinsGold bearing quartz veins-- Disseminated sulfide auriferous zonesDisseminated sulfide auriferous zones
Occurrence: Occurrence: -- Abundant free goldAbundant free gold
Ore Reserves: Ore Reserves: -- Approx, 10M tonnes of ~3ppm AuApprox, 10M tonnes of ~3ppm Au
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INTRODUCTION OF ZAAMAR GOLD DISTRICTINTRODUCTION OF ZAAMAR GOLD DISTRICT
M950
6 km
Bumbat Au vein
1250
NWSE
Auriferous quartz veinsGold placersGold bearing conglomerates
Auriferous quartz veinsGold placersGold bearing conglomerates
M
5
10
100 200
910
920
930
940
950
River Tuul
Stream gold
Terrace gold
1250
1200
115010 m
Cross section of placer deposit along river TuulCross section of placer deposit along river TuulCross section of Bumbat
hard gold depositCross section of Bumbat
hard gold deposit
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BAYANHONGOR GOLD METALLOGENIC BELTBAYANHONGOR GOLD METALLOGENIC BELTSecond biggest gold producing area250 km in long and 60-90 km in widthMain gold producing district is cluster of placer deposits, which are formed at the south part of the mountain range Jargalant.Gold producing of this area started j f d ldjust after second world war
Jargalant mountain rangeJargalant mountain range
Tsagaan Tsahir Uul gold depositTsagaan Tsahir Uul gold deposit
Gold placer at this area contains quite amount of Pt minerals, because of ophiolite belt along the mt. Jargalant
Gold placer at this area contains quite amount of Pt minerals, because of ophiolite belt along the mt. Jargalant
2106.0 m Mount Tsagaan Tsahir2106.0 m Mount Tsagaan Tsahir
INTRODUCTION OF TSAGAAN TSAHIR UUL GOLD DEPOSITINTRODUCTION OF TSAGAAN TSAHIR UUL GOLD DEPOSITINTRODUCTION OF TSAGAAN TSAHIR UUL GOLD DEPOSITINTRODUCTION OF TSAGAAN TSAHIR UUL GOLD DEPOSIT
100km
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Vein -10
Gold
Quartz-carbonate vein along Tsagaan Tsahir Uul fault Vein-1
Gold
Auriferous mesothermal quartz vein
Distribution map of Copper mineralization of MongoliaDistribution map of Copper mineralization of MongoliaCopper is the one of main metal producing in Mongolia. There are 3 main belts of coppermineralization: South Mongolia, Central Mongolian and North Mongolian. SouthMongolian copper belt occupies almost whole area of Gurvansaihan island arc terrane,which hosts 6 major porphyry deposits such as Tsagaan Suvarga, Oyu Tolgoi, Shuteen,Kharmagtai etc and more than 45 occurrences. North belt contains single big deposit(Erdenet) and several occurrences. Central belt includes Bayan Uul, Unegt, Saran Uuldeposits and many other occerrences
Copper is the one of main metal producing in Mongolia. There are 3 main belts of coppermineralization: South Mongolia, Central Mongolian and North Mongolian. SouthMongolian copper belt occupies almost whole area of Gurvansaihan island arc terrane,which hosts 6 major porphyry deposits such as Tsagaan Suvarga, Oyu Tolgoi, Shuteen,Kharmagtai etc and more than 45 occurrences. North belt contains single big deposit(Erdenet) and several occurrences. Central belt includes Bayan Uul, Unegt, Saran Uuldeposits and many other occerrences
Erdenet Cu-MoErdenet Cu-Mo
Temuujin Cu-AuTemuujin Cu-Au
Tsagaan Suvarga Cu-MoTsagaan Suvarga Cu-MoOyu Tolgoi Cu-AuOyu Tolgoi Cu-Au
Shuteen Cu-AuShuteen Cu-Au
Kharmagtai Cu-AuKharmagtai Cu-AuZuun mod CuZuun mod Cu
Copper deposits and occurrencesBigger copper depositsCopper deposits and occurrencesBigger copper deposits
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INTRODUCTION OF ERDENET CUINTRODUCTION OF ERDENET CU--MO PORPHYRY DEPOSITMO PORPHYRY DEPOSITINTRODUCTION OF ERDENET CUINTRODUCTION OF ERDENET CU--MO PORPHYRY DEPOSITMO PORPHYRY DEPOSIT
Located NW 330km from Ulaanbaatar.Cu-Mo porphyry deposit was found 30years ago and has being mined since1978. The deposit has 1.3 billion tons ofore containing 0.51% of copper and0.015% of molybdenum and produces450-480 thousand metric tons of copper
Located NW 330km from Ulaanbaatar.Cu-Mo porphyry deposit was found 30years ago and has being mined since1978. The deposit has 1.3 billion tons ofore containing 0.51% of copper and0.015% of molybdenum and produces450-480 thousand metric tons of copper450 480 thousand metric tons of copperconcentrate (assaying 27% Cu) andover 2800 metric tons of molybdenumconcentrate (assaying at least 50% ofmolybdenum) per year.
450 480 thousand metric tons of copperconcentrate (assaying 27% Cu) andover 2800 metric tons of molybdenumconcentrate (assaying at least 50% ofmolybdenum) per year.
Cathode copper factory Cathode copper factory
INTRODUCTION OF OYU TOLGOI CUINTRODUCTION OF OYU TOLGOI CU--AU PORPHYRY DEPOSITAU PORPHYRY DEPOSITINTRODUCTION OF OYU TOLGOI CUINTRODUCTION OF OYU TOLGOI CU--AU PORPHYRY DEPOSITAU PORPHYRY DEPOSIT
SOUTHERN OYU RESOURCES IN ULTIMATE OPEN PIT
Measured & Indicated Resource*
HUGO DUMMETT RESOURCESIndicated Resource*582 million tonnes @ 1.89% Cu / 0.41 g/t Au
Estimates by AMEC of Canada - Press release, May 2005,
Ivanhoe Mines Co.LTD Home page
Estimates by AMEC of Canada - Press release, May 2005,
Ivanhoe Mines Co.LTD Home page
Measured & Indicated Resource917 million tonnes @ 0.50% Cu / 0.36 g/t Au• 10.2 billion pounds of copper• 10.7 million ounces of goldInferred Resource*78 million tonnes @ 0.37% Cu / 0.18 g/t Au• 630 million pounds of copper• 450,000 ounces of gold* 0.30% Cu equiv. cut-off
@ g• 24 billion pounds of copper• 7.6 million ounces of goldInferred Resource*1.07 billion tonnes @ 1.07% Cu / 0.21 g/t Au• 25 billion pounds of copper• 7.3 million ounces of gold*0.60% Cu equivalent cut-off
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Distribution map of Fluorite and Uranium mineralization of Mongolia
Distribution map of Fluorite and Uranium mineralization of Mongolia
MardaiMardai
NemerNemer
Uranium depositsUranium deposits
BerkhBerkh
Chuluut Tsagaan DelChuluut Tsagaan Del Bor OndorBor Ondor
Khar AiragKhar Airag
OrgonOrgon
MardaiMardai
KharaatKharaatNarstNarst
GurvanbulagGurvanbulag
The CaF2 mineralization is widely spread in theeast and south-east part of Mongolia. Main part ofCaF2 is formed during late Mesozoic to lateJurassic and Early Cretaceous time. There are twomain types of fluorite deposits: one is epithermalfluorite veins and other one is metasomatite orebodies. Biggest deposits are Bor Undur, Berkh,Orgon, Khar Airag, Chuluut Tsagaan Del etc
The CaF2 mineralization is widely spread in theeast and south-east part of Mongolia. Main part ofCaF2 is formed during late Mesozoic to lateJurassic and Early Cretaceous time. There are twomain types of fluorite deposits: one is epithermalfluorite veins and other one is metasomatite orebodies. Biggest deposits are Bor Undur, Berkh,Orgon, Khar Airag, Chuluut Tsagaan Del etc
Four Uranium bearing districts were defined: Gobi-Tamsag, Khentii-Dagur, Mongol-PriArgunAnd North Khentii. Mardai deposit has being mined since 1980`s. Other deposits and occurrences are under prospecting
Four Uranium bearing districts were defined: Gobi-Tamsag, Khentii-Dagur, Mongol-PriArgunAnd North Khentii. Mardai deposit has being mined since 1980`s. Other deposits and occurrences are under prospecting
pFluorite deposits
pFluorite deposits
Geologic map and cross sectoin of Bor Ondor Fluorite depositGeologic map and cross sectoin of Bor Ondor Fluorite deposit
Bor-Ondor is the biggest CaF2 deposit in Mongolia, which makes over 70% of country`s reserve. Two big faults control the mineralization: Arc shaped fault, traced along 15km and NW trending fault,Traced over 10km. More than 20 ore bodies were detected, which are grouped into 4 deposits:Bor Ondor; Adag; Bayan-Ulaan and Ondor-Ovoo. Major component: CaF2=28-44%; SiO2=40-55%; CaCO3=0.8-2.2%; Al2O3=up to 1.5-2.7% and Fe2O3=0.04-2.7%. Reserve: 14200000 tonnes of ore and 5 200 000 CaF2 (40-30%)
Bor-Ondor is the biggest CaF2 deposit in Mongolia, which makes over 70% of country`s reserve. Two big faults control the mineralization: Arc shaped fault, traced along 15km and NW trending fault,Traced over 10km. More than 20 ore bodies were detected, which are grouped into 4 deposits:Bor Ondor; Adag; Bayan-Ulaan and Ondor-Ovoo. Major component: CaF2=28-44%; SiO2=40-55%; CaCO3=0.8-2.2%; Al2O3=up to 1.5-2.7% and Fe2O3=0.04-2.7%. Reserve: 14200000 tonnes of ore and 5 200 000 CaF2 (40-30%)
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Distribution map of Tin, Tungsten and Molybdenum mineralization of Mongolia
Distribution map of Tin, Tungsten and Molybdenum mineralization of Mongolia
Ulaan UulUlaan UulKhovd golKhovd gol
Tsagaan DawaaTsagaan Dawaa
W mineralizationSn mineralizationMo mineralization
gg
ModotModot Mongon OndorMongon Ondor
Tin mineralization is spatially andgenetically associated with LateTriassic, Early Jurassic and MiddleLate Jurassic lithium-fluorine alkalineleucocratic granities. Bigger depositsare Mongon Ondor, Narsan Khondlon,Modot and Janchivlan
Tin mineralization is spatially andgenetically associated with LateTriassic, Early Jurassic and MiddleLate Jurassic lithium-fluorine alkalineleucocratic granities. Bigger depositsare Mongon Ondor, Narsan Khondlon,Modot and Janchivlan
Tungsten mineralization is distributedMongol Altai, Kherlen and Gobi area. InMongol Altai they spatially andgenetically related with Late Paleozoicleucocratic granites.Other deposits associated with EarlyMesozoic lithium-fluorine granites.Bigger deposits are: Ulaan Uul, Khavdgol, Tsagaan Dawaa etc
Tungsten mineralization is distributedMongol Altai, Kherlen and Gobi area. InMongol Altai they spatially andgenetically related with Late Paleozoicleucocratic granites.Other deposits associated with EarlyMesozoic lithium-fluorine granites.Bigger deposits are: Ulaan Uul, Khavdgol, Tsagaan Dawaa etc
Distribution map of REE, Tantalium-Niobium and Beryllium mineralization of Mongolia
Distribution map of REE, Tantalium-Niobium and Beryllium mineralization of Mongolia
Mushgai khudagMushgai khudag
Khalzan BurgedKhalzan Burged
REE mineralizationTa-Nb mineralizationBe mineralization
Khan BogdKhan BogdLugiin golLugiin gol
REE, Ta-Nb and Be mineralizations show good spatialassociation. REE mineralization is related withCarbonatite, alkaline metasomatite and pegmatite bodies.Ta-Nb and Be mineralization is related with alkalinegranitic rock
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KHAN BOGD Alkaline granite related REE mineralizationKHAN BOGD Alkaline granite related REE mineralizationArfvedsonite and feldspar pegmatiteArfvedsonite and feldspar pegmatite
Foliation textureFoliation texture
30 km30 km
Oyu Tolgoi Cu-Au deposit
Orbicular texture Orbicular texture 30 km30 km
Yellow dots are locationof pegmatite body with REE mineralization
Yellow dots are locationof pegmatite body with REE mineralization
Relict of host Devonian volcanic rock
Permian Khan Bogd alkaline massivePermian Khan Bogd alkaline massive
MUSHGAI KHUDAG Carbonatite related REE mineralizationMUSHGAI KHUDAG Carbonatite related REE mineralization
Apatite hillApatite hill
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Distribution map of Lead Zinc and Silver mineralization of Mongolia
Distribution map of Lead Zinc and Silver mineralization of Mongolia
AsgatAsgatUlaan, MukharUlaan, Mukhar
Ag mineralizationPb mineralizationAg mineralizationPb mineralization
Mongon OndorMongon Ondor
TsavTsav
Tomortiin OvooTomortiin Ovoo
Pb mineralizationZn mineralizationPb mineralizationZn mineralization
Lead and Zinc mineralizations are mainlyformed In the Mesozoic period, and usuallyoccur in the marginal part of Late Mesozoicdepression, filled by Upper Jurassic andLower Cretaceous volcanics. Maindeposits are Ulaan, Mukhar, Tsav andTomortiin Ovoo
Lead and Zinc mineralizations are mainlyformed In the Mesozoic period, and usuallyoccur in the marginal part of Late Mesozoicdepression, filled by Upper Jurassic andLower Cretaceous volcanics. Maindeposits are Ulaan, Mukhar, Tsav andTomortiin Ovoo
Silver is found mainly as sub-product ofgold and base metal mineralization. Thereare two separated big silver deposits:Asgat, which is silver-sulfosalt veindeposit in the Mongolian Altai and MongonOndor, which is base metal-silver vein inthe east Mongolia.
Silver is found mainly as sub-product ofgold and base metal mineralization. Thereare two separated big silver deposits:Asgat, which is silver-sulfosalt veindeposit in the Mongolian Altai and MongonOndor, which is base metal-silver vein inthe east Mongolia.
Distribution map of Iron, Manganese and Aluminum mineralization of Mongolia
Distribution map of Iron, Manganese and Aluminum mineralization of Mongolia
Iron mineralizationM i li tiIron mineralizationM i li tiManganese mineralizationAluminum mineralizationManganese mineralizationAluminum mineralization
Iron mineralization is mainly distributed at the East and North and rarely south part ofthe country. There are 111 occurrences and deposits and 5 of them are medium 20 aresmall in size. Biggest Iron deposits are Tomortolgoi and Bayangol.Iron mineralizations are mainly contact-metasomatite scarn type in genesis.Metamorphic, hemogenenic-sedimentary, excalation-sedimentary ores were found insome area. Hydrothermal lagun sedimentary type of iron mineralization is rare.
Iron mineralization is mainly distributed at the East and North and rarely south part ofthe country. There are 111 occurrences and deposits and 5 of them are medium 20 aresmall in size. Biggest Iron deposits are Tomortolgoi and Bayangol.Iron mineralizations are mainly contact-metasomatite scarn type in genesis.Metamorphic, hemogenenic-sedimentary, excalation-sedimentary ores were found insome area. Hydrothermal lagun sedimentary type of iron mineralization is rare.
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Geological map of Tomor Tolgoi Iron deposit
Geological section of east ore body Tomor Tolgoi Iron deposit
Located NE 95 km from city Darkhan. Ore deposit area is composed of Upper Proterozoic to Lower Cambrian quartz-chlorite, siliceous and biotite-actinolite schists with layers of marbled limestone, which are intruded by Upper Triassic to Lower Jurassic granites and granite porphyries. Iron deposit consists of three ore bodies. Length of ore bodies ranges from 150 m to 500 m and thickness is 50-100 m. Ore consists of mainly magnetite, with small amount of martite, hematite and limonite.
Located NE 95 km from city Darkhan. Ore deposit area is composed of Upper Proterozoic to Lower Cambrian quartz-chlorite, siliceous and biotite-actinolite schists with layers of marbled limestone, which are intruded by Upper Triassic to Lower Jurassic granites and granite porphyries. Iron deposit consists of three ore bodies. Length of ore bodies ranges from 150 m to 500 m and thickness is 50-100 m. Ore consists of mainly magnetite, with small amount of martite, hematite and limonite.