Objectives: Describe Western Europe after Rome’s collapse. Describe how Germanic tribes carved...
31
Objectives: Describe Western Europe after Rome’s collapse. Describe how Germanic tribes carved Europe into small kingdoms. Explain how Charlemagne briefly reunited much of Western Europe and what happened to his empire after his death.
-
Upload
linette-patterson -
Category
Documents
-
view
220 -
download
0
Transcript of Objectives: Describe Western Europe after Rome’s collapse. Describe how Germanic tribes carved...
Objectives: Describe Western Europe after
Rome’s collapse. Describe how Germanic tribes
carved Europe into small kingdoms. Explain how Charlemagne briefly
reunited much of Western Europe and what happened to his empire after his death.
Western Europe in Decline
Post Roman Empire Political, social,
economic decline Dark Ages
Middle Ages 500 AD to 1500
AD
Middle Ages
What were the Middle Ages and what were they dominated by? Catholic Church rises in power Feudalism/Move away from cities Knights Lack of education Brought about by fall of Roman Empire
and different tribes leading to divisions.
The Franks
486, Clovis conquers Gaul
Clovis converted to Christianity
Gained allegiance of Christian Church in Rome
Importance?
“I take it very hard that these Arians hold part of Gaul. Let us go with God's help and conquer them and bring the land under our control.” Clovis -Belmont Univ.
Muslim Empires
Huge empire beginning to form through military and religious expansion.
Battle of Tours
Muslim army crossed into France
Charles Martel rallied Frankish warriors
Christians triumphed
Sign of God? Or Christian Savior?
Charlemagne
King of Franks Became known as
Charlemagne Reunites large parts
of Roman empire Further brings
Church and state together --> Christendom
Missi Dominicis Revival of Learning
and Latin culture
Pope Leo III
800 AD, Christmas Day
The Pope proclaimed Charlemagne “Emperor”. Why?
Revived “Christendom”
Future of political power struggles.
Legacy
Blended Germanic, Roman, and Christian traditions
Charlemagne’s three grandsons fought for power. Treaty of Verdun divided empire after civil war.
Lack of strong government led to what?
New Invaders
Muslim forces Created a
stronghold in Sicily
Magyars Vikings
Scandinavian raiders
1000 AD set up colony in North America
Feudalism and the Manor Economy 7.2
Feudalism
The invasions of the Vikings, Muslims, and Magyars weakened emperor’s ability to maintain law and order
Result? Feudalism▪ Organized system of rule in which powerful
local lords divided their landholdings among lesser lords▪ Lesser lords (vassals), pledged service and loyalty to
the greater lord
Mutual Obligations
Feudal contract Lord granted his
vassal a fief (estate / land)▪ Peasants to work the
land were included
Promises
Lord promised to protect his vassal Vassal pledged loyalty to his lord
40 days of military service pledged
Structured Society
Monarch Powerful Lords (Dukes and Counts) – Largest fiefs▪ Vassals▪ Vassals had vassals
Knights
Knights – Mounted warriors Boy was slated to
be a Knight early Difficult training Tournaments a part
of life and training
Chivalry
Brave, loyal, and true to their word
Code of conduct developed by the Church to calm the knights down.
Code of Chivalry
To guard the honour of fellow knights To eschew unfairness, meanness and deceit To keep faith At all times to speak the truth To persevere to the end in any enterprise begun To respect the honour of women Never to refuse a challenge from an equal Never to turn the back upon a foe
To fear God and maintain His Church To serve the liege lord in valour and faith To protect the weak and defenceless To give succour [assistance] to widows and orphans To refrain from the wanton [deliberate, unprovoked] giving of
offence To live by honour and for glory To despise pecuniary [monetary] reward To fight for the welfare of all To obey those placed in authority
Manor System
The lord’s estate Peasants referred
to as serfs Work the land and
manor Pay taxes Bound to the land Guaranteed food,
housing and land
Conclusion/Questions
Feudalism=political/social breakdown Manorialism=economic breakdown Fought, Prayed, or Worked, all dependent
upon birth What does this system resemble in terms
of other historical periods? Why would serfs agree to this system?
The Medieval Church
Village Church
Social center Largest public
building Took great pride in
their church buildings
Tithe – Christians required to pay a tenth of their income
Role of the Parish Priest
Only contact people had with the church
Celebrated mass Administered
sacraments
