No territorial gains for U.S. or Britain, but national pride increased

U.S. manufacturing increasedNative American resistance

declinedAndrew Jackson heroism led to

presidencyTreaty of Ghent ended war

I. Nationalism Influenced Domestic Policy Nationalism - extreme pride or devotion to one’s

country Belief that national interests superseded regional

interest Chief Justice John Marshall sided with federal govt. in

McCulloch v. Maryland Gibbons v. Ogden – sided with fed. over state in

steamboat issue American System was proposed by Henry Clay,

Speaker of the House Sought to implement policies to unify the country

Tariffs, sale of govt. lands, national bank, infrastructure

“Era of Good Feelings” led by President Monroe (1817- 1825)

Adams – Onis Treaty – U.S. acquired Florida Monroe Doctrine – guided foreign policy for

over a century Warned European powers not to interfere

with the affairs of the Western Hemisphere (Americas)

U.S. would stay out of European affairs – ISOLATIONISM!

Missouri admitted as a slave state Maine admitted as a free state North of 36/30 was to be free state South of 36/30 was to be slave state

I. Election of 1824 Andrew Jackson v. John Quincy Adams – Jackson won popular vote, but not majority of Electoral

College Henry Clay supported Adams – called the “Corrupt

Bargain” Adams was named President and Clay was his

Secretary of State

Property ownership not necessary to vote the “common man” could vote for the first time Known as universal white

male suffrage Jackson’s supporters were

ordinary Americans Jackson defeated Adams

convincingly “Spoils System” - Jackson

rewarded his supporters with jobs

Jacksonian Democracy – ordinary Americans exercised political power

Relocation of five tribes west of Mississippi River (present OK) - supervised by U.S. Army

President Jackson openly disobeyed the Supreme Court ruling in Worcester v. Georgia Became the only President to disregard

Supreme Court

Trail of Tears 16,000 Cherokees

forced to leave homes and move west to Indian Country (Oklahoma)

4,000 died on tragic exodus Hunger, exposure,

disease and bandits were the culprits

Seminoles resisted and were never defeated

Jackson opposed National Bank – believed it favored the wealthy & was unconstitutional

State “pet banks” helped poorer families

National Bank devoted to wealthy northern corporations

Jackson political cartoon Andrew Jackson was a strong president who used the office to forcefully pursue his agenda. Many political opponents, fearing Jackson's use of power, called him "King Andrew." This 1832 cartoon uses that theme to show Jackson, dressed as a king, trampling on the Constitution.

What issues may have led to this portrayal?

Tariff of Abominations – tax on British manufactured goods Tax increased price of British goods –

helped northern manufacturers Hurt southern planters – forced to buy

northern goods Tariff benefited North at the expense of

the South

Nullification Legal way for a state to declare a federal

law as void (invalid) South Carolina (SC) declared tariff law “null

and void” SC threatened to secede from the Union

VP Calhoun resigned & became senator in SC

Jackson demanded Force Bill from Congress SC declared this bill “null and void” as well

Henry Clay worked out a compromise – tariffs reduced over 10 years

9. Describe the Monroe Doctrine. 10. What was the Adams-Onis Treaty?11. Which tribe was forced to march the Trail of Tears?

12. Which voting restriction lifted in 1828 helped elect President Andrew Jackson? 13. The _______________ was the practice by President Jackson of rewarding political supporters with jobs.14. Why did President Andrew Jackson dislike the National Bank? 15. Describe John C. Calhoun’s theory of nullification.

Machines replaced hand tools, steam & electric power replaced human/animal power

Samuel Slater was a skillful mechanic in Britain Memorized plans of water frame - brought to

America Built water-powered spinning mill – first textile

mill in US Francis Lowell – combined spinning and

weaving under one roof Factory turned raw cotton into finished cloth Lowell Girls – women ran factories (14 hrs x 6

days/wk)

People moved to cities for work Attractions: museums, theaters, race

tracks and circuses Hazards: poor streets, no sewers,

garbage and fires Diseases spread rapidly – yellow fever and

cholera

Moved goods from factories to markets

National road built– stretched 800 miles from MD to IL

Erie Canal – connected the Great Lakes to the Hudson River Increased efficiency in

shipping Established NYC as a

great trading center Success led to 3,000

miles of canals in 15 years

Steamboat – developed by Robert Fulton (Clermont) Revolutionized

trade and travel Railroad began in

Charleston, S.C. in 1831 - by 1840 – 3,000 miles of track RR (Iron Horse)

was most important component to transportation

Printing Press – Johannes Gutenberg

Telegraph – Samuel Morse

Postal Service grew due to advances in transportation

I. King CottonCotton Gin was invented by Eli Whitney

Direct impact of the cotton gin was greater demand for slave labor

Increased efficiency for short staple cotton - separated seeds from cotton fiber

Demand for cotton increased at home and overseas

Booming textile industry in the North Great Britain’s mills needed US cotton

Cotton Belt – stretched from Virginia to TexasCotton was most valuable export in during the 1800’s

Importation of slaves was banned in 1808 Smuggling still existed in the South Ports in Charleston and New Orleans were

primary hubs Growth of cotton farming increased

demand for slaves In 1810 – 1 million slaves, by 1840 –

nearly 2.5 million slaves (¼ of white family’s)

Powerful economic incentive to maintain slavery

Northern economy was based on industry and trade - factories Encouraged

urbanization - cities grew as a result

Transportation and communication revolution impacted North more than South

Enriched culture & more diverse population

Viewed change as progress

Southern economy was based on agriculture - cotton Rural communities Little technological

progress – slaves did the work

Less diverse population

Traditional values rather than change

Distance – few traveled between the “foreign” places

Slavery - North viewed slavery as evil, but in the South it was vital to the economy

16. The Industrial Revolution was first felt strongly in the ____________________ industry.17. What invention increased efficiency in the mass production of manufactured goods?18. What invention led to an immediate increase in the demand for slave labor?

19. The two major immigrant groups that came to America before the Civil War were the ____________ and ______________.