-Mangalia -

History and culture

The village is mentioned as the Pangalla or Pancalia in the thirteenth century. Form "Mangalia" first appears in 1593. Prior to the thirteenth century, the city appears under the ancientname,Callatis (Callata in "portulanele'' Genovese, sometimes under Pangalla or Pancalia brackets).

Callatis was a colony of Pontic Greek city of Heraclea (today Ereğli in Turkey) in the late sixth century BC. The port and half the ancient city is now submerged. Despite the inevitable wars and rule changes, the city flourished for 1,200 years, sometimes free, other times under successive rulers of the Persians, the Macedonians, the Gauls and the Romans, becomed Byzantines by Christianization. City, however, disappears as such with invasions of migratory peoples from centuries VIII and IX, is replaced by a simple fishing settlement.

After World War II the city became military border area and jeopardize tourism several years. In 1954 is again open to all, and since 1962 fall within the city government to become a major tourist center: etween Comorova forest and sea are erected Jupiter, Olimp, Neptun, Saturn, Venus and Aurora spas and relaxation and ancient and picturesque city is largely destroyed to make room for modern buildings, but in a functional style that can be found anywhere in the world.

One large-scale projects implemented in Mangalia was to make the Harbor of tourism and leisure. Direct access to the key, direct link with the city location in an area protected from strong winds and storms, large area suitable for water sports, all these features makes Mangalia a second Monte Carlo and one of the biggest tourist ports of the Black Sea.

Nautical tourism becomes internal, and international levels, including the Port of Mangalia Tourist circuit in the Black Sea. It is envisaged, for example, the route Istanbul-Varna-Odessa-Yalta-Mangalia, which can be achieved by coastal shipping. This type of circuit can be extended, including other cities - tourist-ports on the Black Sea coast. Port of Mangalia is 2 days shipping to Odessa, one day to the port of Bulgaria and a few hours to Constanta and the Danube Delta, which will attract certainly many tourists followers of this genre of travel.

The entering the museum building construction is done in the style of ancient Greek, specific buildings imitating the Greek civilization. The permanent exhibition of vintage items is Greek, Roman, Roman-Byzantine civilization and the Dacians products from the neighboring village of Mangalia, Albeşti.Museum of Archaeology "Callatis" regularly organizes temporary exhibitions, of the work of the mangalian researchers.Also, during the various events in the history of local, national and European main hall of the museum is the place of cultural, scientific congresses attended by students and teachers, scientists and culture of Mangalia, Constanta and other localities, local officials and the public.

Between Saturn and Mangalia swamp portion of the beach is wide and welcoming. In west in immediate neighborhood lies a vast mirror of water, with many cords and islands of reed. The Swamp Mangalia, after planning and dredging, became Lake Mangalia. The lake is very accessible, flanked to the west of Mangalia-Constanta highway and east of the paved road that connects between Mangalia and Saturn, and its area of 99 hectares making it an important and visible from any direction.

In August 2004, in a disused barracks began building repairs and organizing museum institution. Conceived as a museum of naval technology, outlining his military port of Mangalia activity during 1952-2000.Mangalia Marine Museum provides visitors an impressive collection of technical navigation and heritage objects, which give fairly recent history of Navy, during two modern exhibition spaces and a library theme.In the exhibition are objects belonging to collections of underwater weapons, in detail, sections of torpedoes that were equipped navy garrison troops Mangalia. The court in front of the museum are exhibited in an impressive collection of naval and air defense artillery, dominated by massive 130 mm gun, which belonged to the coastal artillery.

In the northeastern corner of the city, near the inner wall of the reception of Hotel "President", was discovered a large Roman-Byzantine building dated to the fifth and sixth centuries .The building is rectangular and built of large blocks of limestone, lime mortar..The building has several components. In the west there is a large room, the original columns, of which traces can still be seen today indicated the presence of bases of columns. The hall was paved with stone slabs, which have been preserved only part.In the north of this room are three small rooms, the middle paved with bricks in the shape of diamonds. In the eastern part of the building there is a courtyard, a sort of atrium of Roman houses, paved with large slabs of stone. Around it is a corridor whose roof was supported on marble columns and pillars. Here were found two marble capitals, very beautiful and richly decorated with acanthus leaves and zoomorphic motifs.In the south aisle are three small rooms whose destination is less predictable. They were paved also with limestone slabs. In ancient times, the building extended to the edge of the cliff, but today this area is covered by modern buildings.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangalia

http://www.plaja.ro/hotel_president_mangalia_romania/

http://sas-richard.blogspot.com/2009/06/mangalia-lake.html

http://www.snr.agenda.ro/news/news/45722/unicul-papirus-din-europa-se-intoarce-la-muzeul-callatis.html

http://www.deviantart.com

http://www.danielcorneanu.me/

Project realized by:

Marinescu Minodora

Teacher:

Ramona Buzea