10 April 2015 Just think: Based on reading section 3 and

our discussion yesterday, do you think sectionalism is a serious threat to national unity? Explain

Today, I will be able to explain the main parts of the “American system” and why the South was against this proposal. Also, I will be able to explain how the cases of McCulloch v. Maryland and Gibbon v. Ogden helped to grow the federal government.

The American System

Proposed by Henry Clay

3 segments, national bank, protective tariff, and infrastructure.

Meant to benefit all parts of the country

High tariffs would protect northern factories

Wealth generated would led northerners to buy goods from southern and western farms

Excess $ from tariffs would go towards modernizing all infrastructure (roads, canals, etc).

Why did the South disapprove?

Growth of federal government

McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) Marshall “The power to tax is the power to

destroy” No state has the right to interfere with a federal

institution within its border.

Gibbon v. Ogden (1824) States can regulate (monitor) trade within their

borders Only the federal government has the right to

regulate (monitor) trade between states and any disputes go directly to the Supreme Court.

How does this lead to the Civil War?

Each part of the country associated with their region and those regional interests. They did not view themselves as “Americans first.”

For instance, southerners protested the American System because it didn’t benefit directly enough.

Andrew Jackson and Florida

There are concerns regarding Creek and Seminole tribesmen are going into Georgia and attacking settlers. (problem?)

Runaway and freed African Americans are beginning to settle near the Seminole in Spanish Florida. (problem?)

1816: Jackson destroys the “Negro” fort

1818: Jackson leads 3000 troops and threatens an assault on Florida.

These actions were considered “self defense” by then Sec. of State John Q. Adams

1821: Spain sells us Florida for 5 million dollars (Adams-Onis treaty)

We fill out the Eastern part of the country

Monroe Doctrine Issued in 1823:

Warns Europe to stay away from western affairs. U.S. supports newly freed countries in Latin and

South America. The U.S. will protect the sovereignty of those

nations. The U.S. will oppose any new colonies being built in

the Western Hemisphere.

At this time, the U.S. actually doesn’t have the military force to backup this Doctrine, but Europe never calls our bluff.

Monroe Doctrine