Introduction Scalability & Performance Security & Multitenancy Flexible Infrastructure High...
-
Upload
allen-magnus-wilson -
Category
Documents
-
view
235 -
download
2
Transcript of Introduction Scalability & Performance Security & Multitenancy Flexible Infrastructure High...
Agenda Introduction Scalability & Performance Security & Multitenancy Flexible Infrastructure High Availability & Resiliency Virtualization Innovation Summary & Wrap Up
CHALLENGES
Bigger, faster, and more available virtual machines
Greater flexibility and agility to deliver solutions
Ability to handle complex storage and networking requests
Removal of limits in virtual machine mobility
Support for new hardware technologies
Keep services up and running, and meet SLAs
Decrease capital and operational costs of infrastructure
Use bigger, more capable servers more effectively
Protect and use existing investments and infrastructure
Maintain separation of resources in multitenant environments
NEEDS
Customer Needs and Challenges
Before Windows Server 2012 R2
June 2008
Hyper
-V in
trodu
ced
in
Windo
ws Ser
ver 2
008
October 2008
Hyper
-V S
erve
r 200
8
laun
ched
October 2009
Windo
ws Ser
ver 2
008
R2
Hyper
-V &
Hyp
er-V
Ser
ver
2008
R2
laun
ched
Live MigrationCluster Shared VolumesProcessor CompatibilityHot-Add StoragePerformance & Scalability Improvements
February 2011
SP1
for W
indo
ws Ser
ver
2008
R2
& Hyp
er-V
Ser
ver
2008
R2
laun
ched
Dynamic MemoryRemoteFX
September 2012
Huge ScalabilityStorage SpacesMetering & QoSMigration EnhancementsExtensibilityHardware OffloadingNetwork VirtualizationReplication
Windo
ws Ser
ver 2
012
Hyper
-
V & H
yper
-V S
erve
r 201
2
Laun
ched
Server Virtualization Scenarios
Scalability & Performance
Security & Multitenancy
Flexible Infrastructure
High Availability & Resiliency
VirtualizationInnovation
Provide guaranteed levels of service for the key applications and workloads
Run the most demanding applications with the highest levels of performance & scalability
Take advantage of hardware innovations, while still using existing hardware to maximum advantage
Ensure optimal resource availability for key applications & workloads
Massive Host, Cluster& Virtual Machine scalability
Enhanced DynamicMemory Capabilities
GuestNUMA Support
Scalability & Performance
Hardware Offloading & integrationacross compute, networking &
storage
Network & Storage Quality of Service
Physical & Virtual Scalability
Hosts
• Support for up to 320 logical processors& 4TB physical memory per host
• Support for up to 1,024 virtual machines per host
Clusters
• Support for up to 64 physical nodes & 8,000 virtual machines per cluster
Virtual Machines
• Support for up to 64 virtual processors and 1TB memory per VM
Massive scalability for the most demanding workloads
LogicalProcessors
320
Physical Memory
4TB
64ClusterNodes
1TBVirtualMemory
64VirtualCPU
Enterprise Class
Scale for Key
Workloads
Virtual Machine NUMA
• Projects NUMA topology onto a virtual machine
• Allows guest operating systems and applications to make intelligent NUMA decisions
• Aligns guest NUMA nodes with host resources
• Workloads such as SQL Server 2012, or IIS 8.0 can take advantage of Guest NUMA
In Guest Non-Uniform Memory Access
Guest NUMA topology by default matches host NUMA topology
vNUMA node A vNUMA node B vNUMA node A vNUMA node B
NUMA node 1 NUMA node 2 NUMA node 3 NUMA node 4
Virtualized Workload Performance
SQL Server 2012
• 64 vCPU support drove 6x performance increase over previous version of Hyper-V
• 6.3% overhead compared with physical
Exchange 2013
• Virtualized 48,000 simulated users on a single Hyper-V host across 12 VMs, with low response times
SharePoint 2013
• Scaled to over 2 million heavy users at 1% concurrency, across 5 VMs on a single Hyper-V host
High levels of performance for key Microsoft workloads
4 8 16 32 640
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
Hyper-V Virtual CPU Scalabilitywith OLTP Workloads
Virtual Processors Per VM
Tra
nsact
ions/S
ec
Avera
ge T
ransact
ion R
esponse T
ime (
Sec)
Windows Server 2012, SQL Server 2012, Single VM, 64GB of RAM
2 4 6 8 10 120
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
50000
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Exchange Workload Scalability on Windows Server 2012 with Hyper-
V
Virtual Machines
Exch
ange 2
013 M
ailboxes
Exch
ange D
B R
ead R
esponse T
ime (
ms)
3 vCPU, 16GB RAM per VM, JetStress 2010
1 2 3 30
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
1,600,000
1,800,000
2,000,000
2,200,000
2,400,000
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
SharePoint Workload Scalability on Windows Server 2012 with Hyper-
V
Web Front Ends
Heavy U
sers
(1%
Concu
rrency
)
Avera
ge R
esponse T
ime (
Sec)
8 vCPU, 12GB RAM per WFE VM
Virtual Hard Disks | 4K Disk Support
Virtual hard disk 4 KB block (blue) not aligned with physical 4 KB
boundary
Physical sector 0 Physical sector 1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11
12
13
14
15Logical sector
Sector bitmap
First 4 KB for payload data
Capabilities• Improved performance of virtual hard
disks on 512e disks
• Ability to host virtual hard disks on native 4 KB disks
Benefits• Reduces impact of 512e disks on
virtual hard disk stack
• Workloads complete more quickly
VHDX & Support for Advanced Format Drives
Features• Storage capacity up to 64 TBs
• Corruption protection during power failures
• Optimal structure alignment for large-sector disks
Benefits• Increases storage capacity
• Protects data
• Helps to ensure quality performance on large-sector disks
New Virtual Hard Disk FormatVHDX Provides Increased Scale, Protection & Alignment
Large allocations and 1 MB aligned
Header region
Data region (large allocations and 1 MB aligned)
Metadata region (small allocations and unaligned)
Intent logBlock
Allocation Table (BAT)
Metadata table
User data blocks
Sector bitmap blocks
User metadata
File metadataHeader
Online VHDX Resize
Expand Virtual SCSI Disks
1. Grow VHD & VHDX files whilst attachedto a running virtual machine
2. Then expand volume within the guest
Shrink Virtual SCSI Disks
3. Reduce volume size inside the guest
4. Shrink the size of the VHDX file whilst the VM is running
Online VHDX Resize provides VM storage flexibility
Expanded Virtual Disk & Volume without Downtime
30 GB Primary Partition 10 GB Unallocated40GB Primary Partition
Offloaded Data Transfer (ODX)
OffloadCopy
Request Token
Write Request
TokenSuccessful Write Result
External Intelligent Storage Array
Virtual Disk Virtual Disk
Actual Data
Token
Benefits
• Rapid virtual machine provisioning and migration
• Faster transfers on large files
• Minimized latency
• Maximized array throughput
• Less CPU and network use
• Performance not limited by network throughput or server use
• Improved datacenter capacity and scale
Token-based data transfer within the storage array
Live migration maintaining Fibre Channel connectivity
Virtual Fibre Channel in Hyper‑V
Hyper‑V host 1 Hyper‑V host 2
Worldwide Name Set B
Worldwide Name Set A
Worldwide Name Set B
Virtual machineVirtual machineLIVE MIGRATION• Unmediated access to a storage area
network (SAN)
• Hardware-based I/O path to virtual hard disk stack
• N_Port ID Virtualization (NPIV) support
• Single Hyper‑V host connected to different SANs
• Up to four Virtual Fibre Channel adapters on a virtual machine
• Multipath I/O (MPIO) functionality
• Supports Live migration
Access Fibre Channel SAN data from a virtual machine
Worldwide Name Set A
Virtual Receive Side Scaling
• vRSS makes it possible to virtualize traditionally network intensive physical workloads
• Extends the RSS functionality built into Windows Server 2012
• Maximizes resource utilization by spreading VM traffic across multiple virtual processors
• Helps virtualized systems reach higher speeds with 40 Gbps and 100 Gbps NICs
• Requires no hardware upgrade and works with any NICs that support RSS
Provides Near-Line Rate to a VM on Existing Hardware
Node 0 Node 1 Node 2 Node 3
2
2
3
3
1
1
0
0
Incoming packets
RSS
vProcvProcvProcvProc Virtual
MachinevNIC
vRSS
Without
Without
Dynamic Virtual Machine Queue
Without VMQ
• Hyper-V Virtual Switch is responsible for routing & sorting packets for VMs
• This leads to increased CPU processing, all focused on CPU0
With VMQ
• Physical NIC creates virtual network queues for each VM to reduce host CPU
With Dynamic VMQ
• Processor cores dynamically allocated for a better spread of network traffic processing
Increased efficiency of network processing on Hyper-V hosts Hyper‑V Host
CPU0 CPU1 CPU2 CPU3
Without VMQ
Hyper‑V Host
CPU0 CPU1 CPU2 CPU3
With VMQ
Hyper‑V Host
CPU0 CPU1 CPU2 CPU3
With DVMQ
Single Root I/O Virtualization
• Standard that allows PCI Express devices to be shared by multiple VMs
• More direct hardware path for I/O
• Reduces network latency, CPU utilization for processing traffic and increases throughput
• SR-IOV capable physical NICs contain virtual functions that are securelymapped to VM
• This bypasses the Hyper-V Extensible Switch
• Full support for Live Migration
Integrated with NIC hardware for increased performance
Virtual Machine
VM Network Stack
Synthetic NIC
Hyper‑VExtensible Switch
SR-IOV NIC VF
Traffic Flow
Virtual Function
VF
Traffic Flow
VF
Dynamic Memory
Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1
• Introduced Dynamic Memory to enable reallocation of memory automatically between running virtual machines
Enhanced in Windows Server 2012 & R2
• Minimum & Startup Memory
• Smart Paging
• Memory Ballooning
• Runtime Configuration
Achieve higher levels of density for your Hyper-V hosts
VM1
Maximum
memory
Hyper‑V
Physicalmemory
pool
Minimummemory
Maximummemory Memory in use
Physicalmemory
pool
Memory in use
Physicalmemory
pool
Administrator can increase maximum memory without a restart
Dynamic Memory | Smart Paging
Hyper-V Smart Paging
• Reliable way to keep a VM running when no physical memory is available
• Performance will be degraded as disk is much slower than memory
Used in the following situations:
• VM restart
• No physical memory is available
• No memory can be reclaimed from other virtual machines on that host
Utilize disk as additional, temporary memory
Hyper‑V
VM1
Maximum
memory
Virtual machine starting with Hyper‑V smart paging
Minimummemory
VMn
Minimummemory
Maximummemory
VM2
Maximummemory
Minimummemory
Physicalmemory
pool
Physicalmemory
pool
Physicalmemory
pool
Startup increases memory in use
Paging file provides additional memory for startup
Removing paged memory after virtual machine restart
Memory reclaimed after startup
Physicalmemory
pool
Memory in useafter startup
Resource MeteringFeatures• Uses resource pools
• Compatible with all Hyper‑V operations
• Unaffected by virtual machine movement
• Uses Network Metering Port ACLs
Benefits of Resource Metering• Easier to track virtual
machine use
• Can be used to aggregate data for multiple virtual machines
• Can be used to build accurate lookback and chargeback solutions
• Easier to obtain resource use data
MetricsAverage CPU use
Average memory use
Minimum memory use
Maximum memory use
Maximum disk allocation
Incoming network traffic
Outgoing network traffic
Incoming storage IOPS
Outgoing storage IOPS
A two-tenant environment built with Hyper‑V in Windows Server
2012 R2
VM 1Customer
1
VM 2Customer
1
VM 3Customer
1
VM 1Customer
2
VM 2Customer
2
VM 3Customer
2
Virtual Machine Resource Metering20 10
Resource Pool Internet Resource Metering10 5
3045 2540
Resource PoolInternetCustomer 2
30 55
Resource PoolInternetCustomer 1
0
0 0
0
1015202530354045505152025
Network Quality of Service
Bandwidth Management
• Establishes a bandwidth floor
• Assigns specified bandwidth for each type of traffic
• Helps to ensure fair sharing during congestion
• Can exceed quota with no congestion
2 Mechanisms
• Enhanced packet scheduler (software)
• Network adapter with DCB support (hardware)
Achieve desired levels of networking performance
Relative minimum bandwidth
Strict minimum bandwidth
Bandwidth oversubscription
Normal priority
High priority Critical
Hyper‑V Extensible Switch
W=1 W=2 W=5
Bronze tenant
Silver tenant
Gold tenant
Hyper‑V Extensible Switch
100 MB 200 MB 500 MB
1 Gbps
Gold tenant
Gold tenant
Gold tenant
Hyper‑V Extensible Switch
500 MB 500 MB 500 MB
1 Gbps
NIC Teaming
1 Gbps
Storage Quality of Service
• Allows an administrator to specify a maximum IOPS cap
• Takes into account incoming & outgoing IOPS
• Configurable on a VHDX by VHDXbasis for granular control whilst VM is running
• Prevents VMs from consuming allof the available I/O bandwidth tothe underlying physical resource
• Supports Dynamic, Fixed& Differencing
Control allocation of Storage IOPS between VM Disks
IOPS1,5000
500
1000
Hyper-V Host
Virtual Machine
OS VHDX
Data VHDX
Get the evaluation
Evaluate | Train | Certify
Microsoft Server and Cloud Platform:http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/server-cloud/windows-server/
Microsoft Virtual Academy:http://www.microsoftvirtualacademy.com
Microsoft Learning:http://www.microsoft.com/learning
Get trained
Get certified
© 2013 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.