IMPERIALISM ◦ Stronger country taking over a weaker country NATIONALISM ◦ Pride in your...
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United States & WWI
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Transcript of IMPERIALISM ◦ Stronger country taking over a weaker country NATIONALISM ◦ Pride in your...
United States & WWI
IMPERIALISM◦ Stronger country taking over a weaker country
NATIONALISM◦ Pride in your country/nationality
MILITARISM◦ Glorification of the military
SECRET ALLIANCE SYSTEM◦ Secret friendships that countries have saying they
will help them in times of war/crisis
Long-term Causes (for Europe)
Assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand and wife Sophia by the a Serbian nationalist group called the Black Hand.
Immediate Cause of WWI
England France Russia Italy U.S.
Triple Entente/Alliance
Central Powers
Germany Austria -
Hungary Ottoman
Empire Bulgaria
Lusitania◦ British passenger ship; 1,198 killed, 128
Americans Sussex Pledge
◦ Germany promises to change its tactics, if the U.S. persuaded England to lift its blockade against food & fertilizer
Resumptions of Submarine Warfare
Reasons for US entry into WWI
1. Kinship with Britain due to common language, culture, & history
2. Friendship with France dating back to revolutionary war support
Allied Propaganda
1. Dislike of Germany’s militarism
2. Attempted sabotage in the U.S.
3. Zimmerman Note Plot to draw Mexico into war against the U.S.
Hostility toward Germany
America, due to British blockade of Germany, sold goods to Allies
Lent money to Allies & would only get it back if Allies won the war
American Economic Interests
Wilson’s proclamation to “make the world safe for democracy,” and a “war to end all wars.”
American Idealism
If Germany were victorious, it would have replaced democratic Britain as dominant power in Europe. It would leave U.S. without allies on the European continent
American Security
America at War
Always in times of war & crisis, the President’s power increases
Presidential Powers Increase
Improve production by encouraging mass production
War Industries Board
Settled disputes between management & labor; agreed not to strike in exchange for the right to collectively bargain
War Labor Board
Operated nation’s RR’s as a single system
Railroad Administration
Regulated supplies of coal & oil
Fuel Administration
Encouraged Americans to eat corn & send their wheat abroad
Farmers produced more
Food Administration
Raised taxes, both income & excise Borrow money through bonds called
Liberty & Victory
Financing the War
Selective Service Act Draft lottery; men 18 - 45
American Contributions America comes to the
rescue with fresh troops and supplies
Military
Schenck vs. US
Wilson’s 14 Points
1. Like popular sovereignty; people choose what gov’t they want
2. Freedom of the seas3. Right of nations to free trade4. Fair adjustments of colonial territories5. End to secret alliances6. Arms reduction – Germany had to reduce
# of weapons7. Formation of the LEAGUE OF NATIONS
Major Points
Treaty of Versailles
1. War guilt – Germany blamed for the war- Germany had to take full responsibility
2. Germany had to pay reparations equal to $33 billion
3. Germany lost her colonial possession in Africa, Asia, & territory in Europe
4. Germany was disarmed and army was limited to 100,000 men
5. Each nation that signed the treaty had to join the League of Nations
Terms of Treaty
Would end U.S. isolation Wilson did not include Senate Republicans
U.S. Rejects Treaty
Did not include all major nations (U.S.) Lacked power to tax & draft army Decisions required unanimous vote
Why League of Nations Failed
Post WWI Problems
Strikes blamed on communists Attorney Gen. Palmer organized raids of
suspected “Reds” Thousands of “suspected” Communists
arrested & deported
Red Scare – Due to Russian Rev.
Distrust of immigrants being radical & taking jobs Cut off immigration from Southern & Eastern
Europe
Sacco – Vanzetti Trial◦ Two Italian born anachists are put to death for
robbery & murder. Weak evidence, many believed they were convicted b/c they were Italian
Nativism
Many blacks go north to avoid segregation & find jobs
Blacks
Klan membership rises Becomes politically active
Growth of KKK
