) ﺕﻻﺎﺼﺗﻼﻟ ﻲﻟﻭﺪﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﺤﺗﻻﺍ ﻲﻓ ... -...
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Transcript of ) ﺕﻻﺎﺼﺗﻼﻟ ﻲﻟﻭﺪﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﺤﺗﻻﺍ ﻲﻓ ... -...
This electronic version (PDF) was scanned by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Library & Archives Service from an original paper document in the ITU Library & Archives collections.
La présente version électronique (PDF) a été numérisée par le Service de la bibliothèque et des archives de l'Union internationale des télécommunications (UIT) à partir d'un document papier original des collections de ce service.
Esta versión electrónica (PDF) ha sido escaneada por el Servicio de Biblioteca y Archivos de la Unión Internacional de Telecomunicaciones (UIT) a partir de un documento impreso original de las colecciones del Servicio de Biblioteca y Archivos de la UIT.
(PDF)هذه النسخة اإللكترونية (ITU) نتاج تصوير بالمسح الضوئي أجراه قسم المكتبة والمحفوظات في االتحاد الدولي لالتصاالت نقالً من وثيقة ورقية أصلية ضمن الوثائق المتوفرة في قسم المكتبة والمحفوظات.
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供。
Настоящий электронный вариант (PDF) был подготовлен в библиотечно-архивной службе Международного союза электросвязи путем сканирования исходного документа в бумажной форме из библиотечно-архивной службы МСЭ.
PUBLISHED BY THE INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION U GENEVA, 1999
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction ................................................................................................................................................. .
Membership of the Union ....................................................................................................... ~ ................... .
The Council .................................................................................................................................................. .
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.3.1
3.3.2
3.3.3
Financial matters .............................................................................................................. .
3.3.1.1
3.3.1.2
3.3.1.3
3.3.1.4
3.3.1.5
3.3.1.6
3.3.1.7
3.3.1.8
3.3.1.9
Additional appropriations for the 1996/1997 Budget.. ................................... .
Financial Operating Report for 1995 .............................................................. .
External Audit of ITU Accounts for the period 1 January to 31 December 1995 ..................................... : .......................................................................... .
Contributory Share for defraying Union Expenses······························~········ .. Premises at the seat of the Union - Pre-financing for construction of the Montbrillant building ..................................................................................... .
Special Account for "UIFN Registration" ...................................................... .
Special account for "Telecom Information Exchange Services" (TIES) ...... ..
Special account for "ITU Seminars" .............................................................. .
Reserve for debtors' accounts ............................................................ : ........... .
3.3.1.10 Amount owed by Intelligent Modem Corporation, United States .................. .
3.3.1.11 Amount owed by Net Express Inc., United States ................. ; ...................... ..
3 .3 .1.12 Reserve for staff installation and repatriation ................................................ .
Staff and Pension Matters ................................................................................................. .
3.3.2.1
3.3.2.2
3.3.2.3
3.3.2.4
Membership of the ITU Staff Pension Committee ......................................... .
Staffing Requirements .................................................................................... .
Tripartite Consultative Group on Human Resources Management.. .............. .
Structure of posts in the Telecommunication Development Bureau .............. .
Conferences and meetings ................................................................................................ .
3.3.3.1 World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-97), 1997 .......................... ..
3.3.3.2
3.3.3.3
3.3.3.4
3.3.3.5
Radiocommunication Assembly (RA-97), 1997 ............................................ .
World Telecommunication Development Conference (WTDC-98), 1998 .... .
Convening of the next ordinary Plenipotentiary Conference (PP-98) ............ .
Date and duration of the 1997 Session of the Council ................................... .
Right to vote of Members of the Union .......................................................................................... ..
Alternative calling procedures on international telecommunication networks ............................... ..
Establishment of a working group .................................................................................................. ..
Resolution amended by the Council. ................................................................................................ .
Other major issues considered by the Council ................................................................................ ..
Conferences ···························································································'························································ 4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
African Regional Telecommunication Development- AF/RTDC-96 ............................................ ..
Regional Telecommunication Development Conference for the Arab States - AR/RTDC-96 ....... .
World Telecoinm.unication Standardization-Conference (WTSC-96) ............................................. .
World Telecommunication Policy Forum - WTPF-96 .................................................................... .
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Activities of the General Secretariat and Sectors ..................................................................................... . 9
9 5.1
5.2
General Secretariat .......................................................................................................................... ..
5 .1.1 Office of the Secretary-General .... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... .. .. ................ 9
5.1.2
5.1.1.1 Legal Affairs Unit (JUR)................................................................................. 9
5.1.1.2 Special Projects (TELECOM) ......................................................................... 9
5.1.1.2.1 Americas TELECOM 96 (10-15 June 1996) .............................. 9
5.1.1.2.2 Telecom Board............................................................................ 10
5.1.1.2.3 Ad hoc Meeting........................................................................... 10
5.1.1.2.4 Asia TELECOM 97 (9-14 June 1997) .. .............. .................. ...... 10
5.1.1.2.5 TELECOM Inter@ctive 97 (8-14 September 1997)................... 10
5.1.1.2.6 Americas TELECOM 2000......................................................... 11
5.1.1.2.7 Reorganization............................................................................ 11
Strategic Planning and External Affairs Unit.. ................................................................. . 11
11 5.1.2.1 Strategic Planning .......................................................................................... .
5.1.2.2 Operations Analysis........................................................................................ 12
5.1.2.3 Relations with Members.................................................................................. 12
5.1.2.4 External Affairs............................................................................................... 12
5.1.2.5 Press and Public Information Section ............................................................. . 13
Annex 1 (to Section 5.1.2)- United Nations Resolutions................................................................ 14
Annex 2 (to Section 5.1.2)- Activities of the Joint Inspection Unit................................................ 15
5.1.3 Personnel Department....................................................................................................... 16
5 .1.4 Finance Department ..... .. .. .. .. ...... .. .. ..... .. .. .. .. .... . .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. . ... .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .... .. 16
5.1.5
5.1.6
5.1.7
Conferences Department .................................................................................................. .
5.1.5.1 Conference Service ........................................................................................ .
5.1.5.2 Interpretation .................................................................................................. .
5.1.5.3 Translation ...................................................................................................... .
5.1.5.4 Terminology and References ......................................................................... ..
5.1.5.5
5.1.5.6
Document Composition ................................................................................. ..
ITU Newsletter ............................................................................................... .
Common Services Department ........................................................................................ ..
5.1.6.1 Publication Composition Service ................................................................... .
5.1.6.2 Sales and Marketing Unit .............................................................................. ..
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5.1.6.2.1 Sales Service............................................................................... 20
5.1.6.3
5.1.6.4
5.1.6.5
5.1.6.6
5.1.6.7
5.1.6.8
5.1.6.2.2 Marketing.................................................................................... 20
Electronic Publishing Service ....................................................................... ..
Outside Publications Service .......................................................................... .
Reprography and Audiovisual Service .......................................................... ..
5.1.6.5.1 Reprography Section ................................................................. ..
5.1.6.5.2 Conference Documents Section ................................................. .
5.1.6.5.3 Dispatch and Transport Section ................................................. .
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5.1.6.5.4 Drawing and Audiovisual Section.............................................. 22
Logistic Service ............................................................................................. ..
Library and Archive Service ......................................................................... ..
Planning and Computerization Service ......................................................... ..
Information Services Department. ................................................................................... ..
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Radiocommunication Sector (ITU-R) ............................................................................................. .. 26
5.2.1 Introduction and Overview................................................................................................ 26
5.2.2 Frequency assignments to stations in the space radiocommunication services ................ . 27
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5.2.3 Frequency assignments to stations in the terrestrial radiocommunication services ......... .
5.2.3.1
5.2.3.2
5.2.3.4
5.2.3.5
5.2.3.6
5.2.3.7
Registration and publication of assignment notices ....................................... .
Broadcasting Services .................................................................................... .
Fixed and Mobile Services ............................................................................. .
Administrative and Operational provisions of the Radio Regulations ........... .
Monitoring Summaries (regular and special monitoring) .............................. .
Maintenance of the Master International Frequency Register ........................ .
5.2.4 Meetings and Conferences························································.········································
5.2.4.1 Study Group Meetings ................................................................................... .
5.2.4.1.1 Study Group 1 (Spectrum Management) ................................... .
5.2.4.1.2 Study Group 3 (Radiowave propagation) .................................. .
5.2.4.1.3 Study Group 4 (Fixed-satellite service) ..................................... .
5.2.4.1.4 Study Group 7 (Science Services) .............................................. .
5.2.4.1.5 Study Group 8 (Mobile Radiodetermination, Amateur and related Satellite Service) ............................................................ .
5.2.4.1.6 Study Group 9 (Fixed service) ................................................... .
5.2.4.1.7 Study Group 10 (Broadcasting Service- Sound) ...................... .
5.2.4.1.8 Study Group 11 (Broadcasting service- Television) .......... :~~?~: .. 5.2.4.1.9 Special Committee ..................................................................... .
5.2.4.1.10 Meeting of Study Group Chairmen and Vice-Chairmen (CVC).
5.2.4.2 Preparation for the CPM -97 meeting ............................................................. .
5.2.4.3 Follow-up and preparation of conferences ..................................................... .
5.2.4.3.1 Follow-up on Resolutions ..................................................... ::: .. .
5.2.4.3.2 Follow-up actions on the decisions of the WRC-95 ............. :;: .. .
5.2.4.3.3 Preparation for WRC-97 ............................................................ .
5.2.5 Radio Regulations Board .................................................................................................. .
5.2.6 The Radiocommunication Advisory Group ..................................................................... .
5.2.7 1996 Council .................................................................................................................... .
5.2.8. Special projects and studies .............................................................................................. .
5.2.8.1
5.2.8.2
5.2.8.3
Technical assistance, Seminars, cooperation with other Sectors .................... .
Relations with regional and international organizations ·······~·························
Software development/EDP support .............................................................. .
5.2.9 Publications ...................................................................................................................... .
5.2.9.1
5.2.9.2
5.2.9.3
5.2.9.4
5.2.9.5
Regulatory publications .................................................................................. .
Service documents .......................................................................................... .
ITU-R Recommendations, Resolutions and Opinions ................................... .
Radio Regulations .......................................................................................... .
Manuals and Handbooks ................................................................................ .
5.3 Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) ....................................................................... .
5 .3.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... .
5.3.2 World Telecommunication Standardization Conference .................................................. .
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5.4
5.3.3
5.3.4
5.3.5
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Study Groups and the Telecommunication Standardization Advisory Group ................. .
5.3.3.1 Study Group 1 (Service definition)- Chairman: Mr. M. Israel (Canada) ...... .
5.3.3.2 Study Group 2 (Network operation)-
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Chairman: Mr. G. Gosztony (Hungary) .......................................................... 44
5.3.3.3 Study Group 3 (Tariff and accounting principles)-Chairman: Mr. B. Rouxeville (France)............................................................ 45
5.3.3.4 Study Group 4 (Network maintenance)-Chairman: Mr. J. Shrimpton (USA)................................................................ 45
5.3.3.5 Study Group 5 (Protection against electromagnetic environment) -Chairman: Mr. G. Meineri (Italy).................................................................... 46
5.3.3.6 Study Group 6 (Outside plant) -Chairman: Mr. K. Nikolsky (Russia).......... 46
5.3.3.7 Study Group 7 (Data networks and open system communications) -Chairman: Mr. H.V. Bertine (USA)................................................................ 47
5.3.3.8 Study Group 8 (Terminals for telematic services)-Chairman: Mr. W. Staudinger (Germany)....................................................... 47
5.3.3.9 Study Group 9 (Television and sound transmission)-Chairman: Mr. J.L. Tejerina Garcia (Spain).................................................... 47
5.3.3.10 Study Group 10 (Languages for telecommunication applications) -Chairman: Mr. O.F. Faergemand (Denmark).................................................. 48
5.3.3.11 Study Group 11 (Switching and signalling)-Chairman: Mr. S. Kano (Japan)....................................................................... 48
5.3.3.12 Study Group 12 (End-to-end transmission performance of networks and terminals)- Chairman: Mr. P. Lorand (France).............................................. 48
5.3.3.13 Study Group 13 (General network aspects)-Chairman: Mr. B.W. Moore (United Kingdom).............................................. 49
5.3.3.14 Study Group 14 (Modems and transmission techniques for data, telegraph and telematic services)- Chairman: Mr. K. Kern (Germany)......................... 49
5.3.3.15 Study Group 15 (Transmission systems and equipment)-Chairman: Mr. P.A. Probst (Switzerland) ....................................................... 49
5.3.3.16 Study Group 16 (Multimedia services and systems)-Chairman: Mr. P.A. Probst (Switzerland) ....................................................... 50
5.3.3.17 Telecommunication Standardization Advisory Group (TSAG) -Chairman: Mr. B. Horton (Australia).............................................................. 50
5.3.3.18 JWP TSAG/RAG on refinement- Chairman: Mr. Th. Boe (Norway)........... 50
Telecommunication Standardization Bureau (TSB) ......................................................... .
5.3.4.1
5.3.4.2
5.3.4.3
5.3.4.4
General ........................................................................................................... .
Electronic Document Handling (EDH) .......................................................... .
Operational Information Processing ............................................................... .
UIFN (see Document C97/25) ....................................................................... .
Members of the Sector ..................................................................................................... .
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Telecommunication Development Sector (ITU-D) .......................................................................... . 54
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5.4.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... .
5.4.1.1
5.4.1.2
5.4.1.3
Field Operations ~ Activities of the Regions ................................................ ..
5.4.1.1.1 Africa ......................................................................................... .
5.4.1.1.2 Americas..................................................................................... 55
5.4.1.1.3 Arab States.................................................................................. 55
5.4.1.1.4 Asia and the Pacific..................................................................... 56
5.4.1.1.5 Europe and CIS ........................................................................... 57
Human Resources Management and Development.. ...................................... .
Support A·ctivities ........................................................................................... .
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5.4.2 Global Development activities.......................................................................................... 61
5.4.3
5.4.4
5.4.5
5.4.2.1
5.4.2.2
Buenos Aires Action Plan .............................................................................. .
Conferences .................................................................................................... .
5.4.2.2.1 African Regional Telecommunication Development Confer-
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ence (AF-RTDC-96) ................................................................... 62
5.4.2.2.2 Regional Telecommunication Development Conference for the Arab States (AR-RTDC-96)........................................................ 62
5.4.2.3
5.4.2.4
5.4.2.5
5.4.2.6
5.4.2.7
5.4.2.8
Telecommunication Development Advisory Board (TDAB) ......................... .
Study Groups .................................................................................................. .
SPACECOM .................................................................................................. .
Telemedicine .................................................................................................. .
Global project "Telecommunications and Environment" ............................... .
Information services ....................................................................................... .
ITU-D Sector Members .................................................................................................... .
Resource Mobilization ..................................................................................................... .
Project implementation .................................................................................................... ..
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Annex 1 (to Section 5.4)- Study Group Status Report.................................................................................. 69
Annex 2 (to Section 5.4)- Voluntary contributions received in 1996 ........................................................... 71
Annex 3 (to Section 5.4)- Projects under implementation and pipeline projects in all the regions.............. 76
Administration of the Union .•••••••••••••....•••••••••••••..•••...•••••••••.•••.•••....••.••••••••••••••...•.•.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••..•...•.. ,~.
6.1
6.2
Staff matters ..................................................................................................................................... .
Financial matters ............................................................................................................................. ..
6.2.1
6.2.2
Budget of the Union for 1996/1997 ................................................................................. .
6.2.1.1 Income and expenditure .................................................................................. .
6.2.1.2 Ordinary budget ..................................... : ....................................................... ..
6.2.1.3 Publications budget .......................................................................................... ~
Assets and liabilities ......................................................................................................... .
6.2.2.1
6.2.2.2
6.2.2.3
6.2.2.4
6.2.2.5
6.2.2.6
Assets ............................................................................................................. .
Cash and term deposits ............ ~ ..................................................................... ..
Accounts receivable ................................................................. ; ..................... .
Land and buildings ........................................................................................ ..
Liabilities ........................................................................................................ .
Special funds .................................................................................................. .
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Annex 1 - Position of Members in relation to the Acts of the Union on 31 December 1996 ............................. 88
Annex 2 -Budget and Accounts for 1996 ...•.•••••••••••••••••••••••.••••••.•••.••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••..•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.•• 113
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1. Introduction
This Report is published pursuant to the provisions of No. 102 of the Convention of the International Telecommunication Union (Geneva, 1992), which provides that the Secretary-General shall "with the assistance of the Coordination Committee, prepare an annual report on the activities of the Union which, after approval by the Council, shall be sent to all Members."
2. Membership of the Union
2.1 In 1996, the following three countries became Members of the Union following their accession to the Geneva Constitution and Convention:
• Republic of the Marshall Islands on 22 February;
• Tuvalu on 15 August;
• Commonwealth of Dominica on 28 October.
As at 31 December 1996, there were therefore 187 Members of the Union.
2.2 In the course of 1996, twenty-six Members ratified, and one Member acceded to, the Constitution and Convention of the ITU (Geneva, 1992), thus bringing to one hundred and ten nine total number of ratifications and accessions as at 31 December 1996. In accordance with the provisions ofNo. 231 of the Constitution and No. 527 of the Convention (Geneva, 1992), these ratifications received after 1 January 1996 applied to the Constitution and Convention as amended at Kyoto (1994).
2.2.1 Also in 1996, fourteen Members having already ratified the Geneva Constitution and Convention before 1 January 1996 ratified the Instruments amending the ITU Constitution and Convention (Geneva, 1992) adopted by the Plenipotentiary Conference (Kyoto, 1994).
2.2.2 Recommendation 1 of the Kyoto (1994) Plenipotentiary Conference inviting ITU's Members to expedite their respective national procedures for ratification, acceptance, approval of, or accession to the Constitution and Convention (Geneva, 1992) was brought by the Secretary-General to the attention of all the Members.
2.3 Table I, iri Annex 1 to the present Report, shows the situation of Members with respect to the Constitution and Convention of Geneva, 1992, as at 31 December 1996, together with the Administrative Regulations which complement it. It also includes the situation with respect to the Instruments amending the Constitution and Convention (Kyoto, 1994). Annex 1 (page 87) also gives information regarding certain other conventions and agreements relating to telecommunications.
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3. The Council
3.1 The 1996 session of the Council was held at the ITU Headquarters from 19 to 28 June 1996. It was attended by representatives of the 46 Members of the Council, namely:
Algeria (People's Democratic Republic of), Germany (Federal Republic of), Saudi Arabia (Kingdom of), Argentine Republic, Australia, Bahamas (Commonwealth of the), Benin (Republic of), Brazil (Federative Republic of), Bulgaria (Republic of), Burkina Faso, Cameroon (Republic of), Canada, Cape Verde (Republic of), Chile, China (People's Republic of), Korea (Republic of), Cuba, Denmark~ Egypt (Arab Republic of), Spain, United States of America, France, India (Republic of), Indonesia (Republic of), Italy, Japan, Kenya (Republic of), Kuwait (State of), Mali (Republic of), Morocco (Kingdom of), Mexico, Nigeria (Federal Republic of), Pakistan (Islamic Republic of), Philippines (Republic of the), Poland (Republic of), Portugal, Romania, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Russian Federation, Senegal (Republic of), South Africa (Republic of), Switzerland (Confederation of), Tanzania (United Republic of), Thailand, Ukraine, Viet Nam (Socialist Republic of). Also, in the framework of Resolution 10 (Kyoto, 1994), the Session was attended by one or two observers of the following thirteen Observer Members, i.e. Belgium, Republic of Cyprus, Greece, Republic of Hungary, State of Israel, Norway, Kingdom of the Netherlands, Syrian Arab Republic, Slovak Republic, Czech Republic, Republic of Singapore, Sweden, Turkey.
3.2 Mr. K. Mirski (Bulgaria) and Mr. R.P. Giunta (Argentina) were elected Chairman and Vice-Chairman of the Council, respectively, and the following Committees were set up:
Standing Committee -Finance
Chairman: Mr U. MOHR (Germany)
Vice-Chairman: Mr. H. AL-QATTAN (Kuwait)
Standing Committee - Staff and Pensions
Chairman:
Vice-Chairman:
Mr. A. B. MAPUNDA (Tanzania)
Mr. R. R. A. SA (Brazil)
3.3 The Resolutions and Decisions adopted by the Council are summarized below:
3.3.1 Financial matters
3.3.1.1 Additional appropriations for the 1996/1997 Budget
The Council resolved to increase by an amount of 8,260,000 Swiss francs the appropriations in the 199611997 budget with corresponding withdrawals from the Reserve Accounts.
(Resolution 1 088)
3.3.1.2 Financial Operating Report for 1995
The Council approved the Financial Operating Report and the Management Report of the ITU Staff Superannuation and Benevolent Funds for 1995.
(Resolution 1 089)
3.3.1.3 External Audit ofiTU Accounts for the period 1 January to 31 December 1995
The Council approved the accounts of the ITU for 1995 as drawn up and audited by the External Auditor appointed by the Swiss Confederation.
(Resolution 1 090)
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3.3.1.4 Contributory Share for defraying Union Expenses
The Council decided to authorize the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia to contribute in the 1116 unit class as from 1 January 1997.
(Resolution 1091)
3.3.1.5 Premises at the seat of the Union - Pre-flnancing for construction of the Montbrillant building
The Council decided to authorize the additional pre-financing of foreseen expenditure in the amount of 507,000 Swiss francs until the FIPOI loan for the Montbrillant building is obtained.
(Resolution 1 092)
3.3.1.6 Special Account for "UIFN Registration"
The Council decided to authorize the opening of a special account for Universal International Freephone Number (UIFN) Registration as from 1 July 1996 to be used to receive funds paid for services and to cover the costs of establishing and maintaining the register and to establish the registration fee at 200 Swiss francs per number issued.
(Decision 464)
3.3.1. 7 Special account for "Telecom Information Exchange Services" (TIES)
The Council decided to authorize the opening of a special account for Telecom Information Exchange Services (TIES) as from 1 July 1996 to be used to receive funds for paying services and to cover part of the overall ITU exchange services costs.
(Decis~~m 465)
3.3.1.8 Special account for ''ITU Seminars"
The Council decided to authorize the opening of a special account for ITU seminars as from July 1996 to be used to cover the related costs and to receive funds paid for services.
(Decision 466)
3.3.1.9 Reserve for debtors' accounts
The Council decided to transfer from the Reserve Account an amount of 6,090,338.69 Swiss francs to the Reserve for Debtor's Accounts to cover the arrears up to the year 1991.
(Decision 467)
3.3.1.10 Amount owed by Intelligent Modem Corporation, United States
The Council decided that the ·amount of 144,241.15 Swiss francs owed by Intelligent Modem Corporation as unpaid contributions and accrued interest for the years 1992 to 1995 shall be written off and offset by a corresponding withrawal from the Reserve for Debtors' Accounts.
(Decision 468)
3.3.1.11 Amount owed by Net Express Inc., United States
The Council decided that the amount of 46,538.40 Swiss francs owed by Net Express Inc. as unpaid contributions and accrued interest for the years 1992 to 1994 shall be written off and offset by a corresponding withrawal from the Reserve for Debtors' Accounts.
(Decision 469)
3.3.1.12 Reserve for staff installation and repatriation
The Council decided to transfer from the Reserve Account an amount of 1,600,000.00 Swiss francs to the Reserve for Staff Installation and Repartition.
(Decision 4 70)
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3.3.2 Staff and Pension Matters
3.3.2.1 Membership of the ITU Staff Pension Committee
The Council appointed the following persons to represent the Council on the ITU Staff Pensions Committee:
Members Alternate Members Term of Office
Mr.R. MAGA Mr. W. LISKA Until the 1997 ordinary (Cameroon) (Romania) session of the Council
Mr. L. WEINTRAUB Mrs. H. KIM Until the 1998 ordinary (United States) (Republic of Korea) session of the Council
Mr. E. LIESER Mr. R. SA Until the 1999 ordinary (Germany) (Brazil) session of the Council
(Resolution 1093)
3.3.2.2 Staffing Requirements
The Council approved the creation of two posts within the General Secretariat and the continuation until the end of 1999 of nine fixed-term posts in the Arabic, Chinese and Russian language services of the Conference Department.
(Resolution 1094)
3.3.2.3 Tripartite Consultative Group on Human Resources Management
The Council decided to establish a Tripartite Consultative Group on Human Resources Management, composed of designated Members of the Council, representatives of the Secretariat of the Union designated by the Coordination Committee and staff representatives designated by the Staff Council. It also decided to invite the International Civil Service Commission to send an observer to attend the meetings of the group.
(Resolution 1 095)
3.3.2.4 Structure of posts in the Telecommunication Development Bureau
The Council approved a distribution of the 150 posts in BDT as approved in the budget for 1996-1997, of 1 elected post, 96 permanent posts and 53 fixed-term posts.
(Resolution 1 096)
3.3.3 Conferences and meetings
3.3.3.1 World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-97), 1997
The Council resolved to convene a World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-97) in Geneva from 27 October to 21 November 1997. It also adopted the agenda of the Conference.
(Resolution 1 086)
3.3.3.2 Radiocommunication Assembly (RA-97), 1997
The Council resolved that the Radiocommunication Assembly (RA-97) should be convened in Geneva from 20 to 24 October 1997.
(Resolution 1 087)
3.3.3.3 World Telecommunication Development Conference (WTDC-98), 1998
The Council resolved that the World Telecommunication Development Conference (WTDC-98) should be convened in Malta for a duration of eight working days starting on 23 March 1998. It also adopted the draft agenda of the Conference.
(Resolution 1 098)
3.3.3.4 Convening of the next ordinary Plenipotentiary Conference (PP-98)
The Council decided that the next ordinary Plenipotentiary Conference will take place in Minneapolis (Minnesota) for a period of four weeks from Monday, 12 October to Friday, 6 November 1998.
(Decision 463)
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3.3.3.5 Date and duration of the 1997 Session of the Council
The Council decided that its 1997 session will open in Geneva for a period of a week and three days from Wednesday, 18 June 1997 to Friday, 27 June 1997.
(Decision 4 72)
3.4 Right to vote of Members of the Union
The Council resolved to urge all Members of the Union who have not yet deposited their single instrument to expedite their respective national procedures for ratification, acceptance, approval or accession to the Constitution and the Convention of the International Telecomunication Union (Geneva,· 1992) and to deposit their single instrument with the Secretary-General as soon as possible.
(Resolution 1 097)
3.5 Alternative calling procedures on international telecommunication networks
The Council endorsed the result of ITU-T studies which call for suspension of the methods and practices of those callback applications which seriously degrade the quality and the performance of the PSTN, such as constant calling (or bombardment or polling) and answer suppression.
The Council urged the Standardization Sector to develop appropriate recommendations concerning alternative calling procedures. A report on such activities will be presented to the 1997 Council Session.
(Resolution 1 099)
3.6 Establishment of a working group
The Council decided to set up a Working Group for the continuation of the studies referred to in Resolutions 15 and 39 of the Kyoto Plenipotentiary Conference, 1994, open to all Member States and Sector Members.
(Decision 4 71)
3. 7 Resolution amended by the Council
The Council amended Resolution 925 - Financial conditions for the participation of the United Nations, the Specialized Agencies and other international organizations in the conferences and meetings of the ITU.
(Resolution 925)
3.8 Other major issues considered by the Council
• Annual report on ITU strategic policies and plans
• Regional presence
• Cooperation between the ITU and the World Trade Organization (WTO)
• Apportionment of revenues in providing international telecommunication services
• Rules of procedure of conferences and meetings
• Refinement of ITU-R and ITU-T Sectors
• Review of the !TU's Frequency Coordination and Planning Framework for Satellite Networks
• Implementation of the Buenos Aires Action Plan
• Information Exchange Services
• Premises at the Union Headquarters (Construction of the Montbrillant building)
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4. Conferences
4.1 African Regional Telecommunication Development - AF/RTDC-96
See section 5.4.2.2.1 (page 62).
4.2 Regional Telecommunication Development Conference for the Arab States -AR/RTDC-96
See section 5.4.2.2.2 (page 62).
4.3 World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC-96)
4.3.1 a) The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference 1996 (WTSC-96) was held in Geneva from Wednesday 9 October to Friday 18 October 1996 for a total duration of eight working days. WTSC-96 was set by Resolution 3 of the Plenipotentiary Conference, Kyoto 1994 and was convened by Resolution 1083 of Council 1996 after consultation with the Member States of the Union.
b) The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference is held, in principle, once every four years in order to review all the activities of the study groups during the study period until the Conference, to approve the work programme for the next study period and to establish the study group structure with allocation of questions to the corresponding study groups. The Conference also appoints the Chairman and Vice-Chairmen of each Study group.
c) WTSC-96 adopted 29 Resolutions and 6 Recommendations of the A-Series.
4.3.2 In all, 82 Member States of the ITU, represented by 78 Administrations and 64 Sector Members (39 recognized operating agencies and 25 industrial or scientific organizations) took part in the proceedings. Eight international or regional organizations sent observers. A total of 511 participants attended WTSC-96.
4.3.3 WTSC-96 elected Mr. H.K. Pfyffer (Switzerland) as Chairman of the Conference and Mr. B. Horton (Australia), Mr. L. Geloup (Poland), Mr. E.S. Barbely (USA), and Mr. D. de Jongh (South Africa) as Vice-Chairmen of the Conference.
4.3.4 The structure of WTSC-96 as approved by the Conference and the appointed Chairmen and Vice-Chairmen of the Committees are indicated below:
Committee 1 - Steering Committee
This committee was chaired by the Chairman of the Conference. The other participants were the Vice-Chairman of the Conference, the Chairmen and Vice-Chairmen of the Committees.
Committee 2- Budget Control Committee
Chairman: Vice-Chairmen:
Mr. CAO MEUIE (China) Mr. E.-L. W ANKO (Cameroon) Mr. S.M. AL-TIW ANIY (Oman)
Committee 3 - Working methods of the ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector
Chairman: Vice-Chairmen:
Mr. B. MOORE (United Kingdom) Mr. G. FISHMAN (USA) Mr. S. KANO (Japan) Mrs. I. KREINGEL (Russia)
Committee 4 - Structure and work programme of the study groups
Chairman: Vice-Chairmen:
Mr. M. ISRAEL (Canada) Mr. J.M. FANJUL CAUDEVILLA (Spain) Mr. N. KISRA WI (Syria) Mr. E. MAT ARAZZO (Brazil)
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Committee 5 - Technology of Telecommunication Networks
Chairman:
Vice-Chairmen:
Mr. J. SHRIMPTON (USA)
Mr. K. ASATANI (Japan) Mr. G. BONA VENTURA (Italy)
Committee 6- Telecommunication Services
Chairman:
Vice-Chairmen:
Mr. B. ROUXEVILLE (France)
Mr. G. GOSZTONY (Hungary) Mr. C.H. YIM (Korea (Republic of))
Committee 7 - Editorial Committee
Chairman:
Vice-Chairmen:
Mr. P. GONIN (France)
Mr. S. ROBERTS (United Kingdom) Mr. V. RUBIO CARRETON (Spain)
4.3.5 Study Group Structure (Resolution 2)
WTSC-96 revised the mandates of the ITU-T Study Groups and decided to set up a new Study Group 16 on Multimedia services and systems and to discontinue Study Groups 1 and 14 by redistributing their Questions to other Study Groups. Consequently there will be 14 ITU-T Study Groups and TSAG in operation during the 1997-2000 study period (see also section 5.3, page 44). The detailed reports on WTSC-96 are being published as ITU-T Green Books 1 and 2.
4.4 World Telecommunication Policy Forum - WTPF -96
4.4.1 The first World Telecommunication Policy Forum (WTPF) was convened in Geneva at the Geneva International Conference Centre from 21-23 October 1996, immediately after the World Telecommunication Standardization Conference, to discuss the theme "Global Mobile Personal Communications by ·satellite" with the following agenda:
"To discuss and exchange views and information on the following policy and regulatory issues raised by the introduction of global mobile personal communications systems and services by satellite:
a) the resulting globalization of telecommunication services and the scope for international co,operation in this context;
b) the role of such systems in the provision of basic telecommunication services in developing countries, LDCs, and in rural and remote areas;
c) measures necessary to achieve transborder use of such mobile terminals;
d) policy and regulatory issues relevant to such systems and services, in particular those relating to interconnection, with a view to achieving equitable and standard conditions of access;
. and to draw up a report, and if possible opinions, for consideration by the Members and relevant ITU meetings."
4.4.2 The WTPF was a landmark event in several respects.
a) As provided in Kyoto Res. 2, it was the first ITU event open to participation by Member States and Sector Members on an equal footing. In total, 833 delegates attended the Policy Forum, representing 128 Member States and 70 Sector Members.
b) The WTPF had only one document, a report by the Secretary-General. This report was prepared using a three-stage iterative process. As provided in Council Res. 1083, a draft report incorporating contributions from State Members and Sector Members was circulated to contributors for comment in June 1996 .. This draft was then modified to reflect the contributors' comments and sent to ITU State Members and Sector Members in August 1996. Finally, a revised report was prepared incorporating delayed contributions from the ITU membership, proposals made as a result of regional preparatory meetings, and Draft Opinions prepared by an informal group of experts, each of whom has been involved in preparations for the Policy Forum in his or her own country and region.
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c) Voluntary financial contributions from Sector Members, which totaled approximately 465,000 CHF, complemented the 238,000 CHF allocated for the WTPF in the ordinary budget. These contributions made it possible to organize a special information session on GMPCS the day before the Policy Forum, to provide fellowships for 29 LDCs, to publish the report of the Forum, and to fund follow-on activities.
4.4.3 In addition to this report, the following ITU documents, publications and meetings assisted the membership in preparing for the WTPF:
a) the Briefing Report and the Chairman's Report of the third ITU Regulatory Colloquium on GMPCS;
b) two reports on GMPCS by the World Telecommunications Advisory Council which were distributed to the ITU membership by Circular-letter No. 28 of 4 April1996;
c) presentations organized by the ITU Secretariat in conjunction with AF-RTDC 96 and Americas TELECOM 96;
d) the preparatory meeting for the Asia-Pacific region convened by the Asia-Pacific Telecommunity in Singapore on 4 and 5 June, 1996;
e) a special session on GMPCS held at the AFCOM 96 conference in Washington DC on 7 June, 1996:
f) discussions at the 1996 session of the ITU Council;
g) the CITEL PCC-111 meeting held in Brasilia, 12-16 August;
h) the preparatory meeting for the Africa region convened by Senegal in Dakar, 18-20 September 1996 in collaboration with ITU/BDT, PATU, and RASCOM;
i) the special GMPCS information session which took place the day before the Policy Forum.
4.4.4 Delegates to the Policy Forum elected Mr. Jonathan Parapak, Secretary-General of the Department of Tourism, Posts and Telecommunications of the Republic of Indonesia as Chairman. The Secretary-General then presented his report on the policy and regulatory issues raised by the introduction of GMPCS, underlining the following points which had emerged from Members' contributions:
a) the Policy Forum should take a broad view of the issues raised by GMPCS as being applicable to all satellite systems, (i.e. fixed and mobile, broadband and narrowband, global and regional, existing and planned)providing telecommunication services directly to end users from a constellation of satellites;
b) the Policy Forum should, if possible, adopt opinions on
o the role of GMPCS in the globalization of telecommunications;
o the shared vision and principles for GMPCS;
o essential studies by the ITU to facilitate the introduction of GMPCS;
o establishment of a Memorandum of Understanding to facilitate the free circulation of GMPCS user terminals;
o implementation of GMPCS in developing countries.
4.4.5 Following the presentation of the Secretary-General's report, the Policy Forum heard a series of keynote addresses on the issues identified in Council Resolution 1083 by: Mr. David Leive, Chairman of the ITU Regulatory Colloquium; H. E. Mr. Sayyed Mohammed Gharazi, Minister of Posts, Telegraph and Telephone for the Islamic Republic of Iran; Mr. Kazuo Yoshida, Chairman of Satellite Phone Japan; and Mr. Abderrazak Berrada, Counselor to the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications of the Kingdom of Morocco. After hearing these keynote presentations, the Policy Forum engaged in a general discussion of the policy and regulatory issues raised by the introduction of GMPCS. It then considered the draft Opinions contained in the Secretary-General's report.
4.4.6 As a result, participants in the Policy Forum reached consensus on a set of voluntary principles to guide national policy-makers and regulators, as well as GMPCS system operators and service providers, in implementing GMPCS. Consensus was also reached on a comprehensive program of follow-up action which included studies by the three !TU Sectors, the establishment of a Memorandum of Understanding to facilitate the circulation of GMPCS terminals, and a special program of studies to assist developing countries in implementing GMPCS. By the end of the year, work had begun on these follow-up actions.
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5. Activities of the General Secretariat and -Sectors
5.1 General Secretariat
5.1.1 Office of the Secretary-General
5.1.1.1 Legal Affairs Unit (JUR)
As in previous years, the Unit furnished legal opinions and advice on a wide range of topics including international public law, personnel matters, finance, and privileges and immunities. The Unit's workload has grown sharply in two particular areas: contract law and related issues; and the legal ramifications of the ITU's use of an ever-greater variety of media to distribute its publications. Contract law has come to represent a large share of the Unit's work partly because TELECOM exhibitions and forums are growing more numerous and hence generating a heavy workload in regard to contracts, and partly as a result of the materialization of the Montbrillant Building construction project with which the Unit has been closely involved (elaboration of the contractor's general terms and conditions, negotiations on bid selection, contract negotiations, arrangements with the competent Swiss authorities, and so forth). There have also been a considerable number of calls for tenders and contract awards in areas concerned with logistical support. Legal matters in regard to ITU publications range from the drawing up of detailed licensing agreements for products distributed in electronic form (on CD-ROM, on line, etc.) to protection of logos, ITU website and copyright protection, and establishment of a policy on patents. Requests from the Radiocommunication Sector for legal advice have also been increasing steadily. And lastly, the Unit has continued its active role in the work of the !TU's various internal committees (Buildings Committee, Contracts Committee, ITU Publications Policy Committee).
5.1.1.2 Special Projects (TELECOM)
a) The major events in 1996 were the restructuring of the Secretariat and the organization of Americas TELECOM 96. The new structure was put into place following Americas TELECOM 96 and took the Secretariat from a.projectoriented to a function-oriented structure, providing the framework to launch the next three events: Asia TELECOM 97, TELECOM Interactive 97, and Africa TELECOM 98 and, with TELECOM 99 which h~d been launched in 1995, to begin the simultaneous organization of the next four events.
b) Early in the year, a pre-campaign to promote the 1997 TELECOM events took the form of advertisements and a newsletter published on each of the four events, sent to 60 000 contacts. In August 1996, work started to develop icons and logos for Asia TELECOM 97, TELECOM Interactive 97, Africa TELECOM 98 and TELECOM 99. To emphasize the link to the ITU, the TELECOM logo was re-designed. Event brochures, fact sheets, and event stationery were produced and work began on a Newsletter which would carry information on all events for distribution in February 1997. Advertisements were placed, mainly in trade journals, to promote the events and ITUITELECOM was represented at a number of trade shows.
5.1.1.2.1 Americas TELECOM 96 (10-15 June 1996)
a) This event took place at the Riocentro in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The Opening Ceremony took place on 10 June and speeches were made by H.E. President Fernando Henrique Cardoso, Mr Andre Lebel (Chairman, World Telecommunications Advisory Council), and Dr Pekka Tarjanne. A commemorative stamp to mark the occasion was issued.
b) There were 412 exhibitors from 25 countries and ten national pavilions which covered an area of over 18 854 m2, including outdoor space, making this event the largest regional to date in terms of space sold. 32% of exhibitors were European, 33% were North American, 24% were South American and 11% came from Asia and the Middle East. -
c) 24 Ministers, 44 Directors-General and 260 Chief Executive Officers attended. The exhibition attracted over 18 000 telecommunication specialists. 274 journalists from 187 publications and 23 countries were on hand to report the event.
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d) The Forum comprised Strategies and Technology Summits, running in parallel with the Exhibition. The Strategies Summit theme was: "Telecommunications -from building infrastructure to emerging information economies" and the Technology Summit theme was: "Broader and faster- in transition towards the information age". In addition, a Telecommunications Development Workshop was organized, and awarded fellowships to 46 telecommunications specialists who discussed rural and remote telecommunications development. Overall, Forum attendance was higher than expected with nearly 1400 delegates from 76 countries including 301 speakers from 44 countries.
e) TELECOM brought ITU representatives from the regional and area offices (Brasilia, Bridgetown, Santiago and Tegucigalpa) to the event to ensure their participation in the forum and give them the opportunity to visit the exhibition.
f) Americas TELECOM 96 was a financial success, with a surplus exceeding CHF 3.9 million. During the event, TELECOM organized a reception to mark its 25th anniversary. Further, and more importantly, TELECOM achieved its mandate to display the latest technology and unite the leaders of the public and private sectors of telecommunications with a view to the development of global telecommunications.
5.1.1.2.2 Telecom Board
Meetings were held in Rio de Janeiro during Americas TELECOM 96 and in Geneva in December 1996. The Board was strengthened by the addition of two new members and one member of the Board resigned. The Board has been kept involved and regularly informed all year long of activities and events; it has received monthly management meeting reports, and has been invited to preparatory meetings in which some members of the Board participated. In their meetings, the Board reviewed the general trends of the telecommunication industry to provide appropriate advice; it presented new initiatives and suggested new directions. In that context, the Board oriented planning for TELECOM Interactive 97 in the light of the overwhelming success of Internet@TELECOM 95 which demonstrated that the convergent technology needed further discussion and debate. The Board also discussed the periodicity of events, taking into account the rapid development of technology on the one hand and the increasing frequency of events held by competitors. Consequently a recommendation was made to shorten the cycle and this recommendation will be implemented from the year 2000. As for the selection of venues, the Board examined the current situation and adopted a new procedure which is being used to select the venue for Americas TELECOM 2000.
5.1.1.2.3 Ad hoc Meeting
At regular intervals, TELECOM organizes ad hoc meetings with its major exhibitors to discuss past events and future plans. An ad hoc meeting was held in March 1996 in Geneva with fifty of TELECOM' s largest customers to review the results of TELECOM 95 and discuss Asia TELECOM 97, TELECOM Interactive 97, Africa TELECOM 98 and TELECOM99.
5.1.1.2.4 Asia TELECOM 97 (9-14 June 1997)
In order to present a well balanced industry representation and a diversified forum with wide participation, a large, well equipped venue was needed. For reasons of infrastructure, therefore, a decision was made to accept the kind invitation of the Telecommunication Authority of Singapore to host the event at the World Trade Centre. An ITU press release was issued on 5 March 1996 to this effect and the Host Country Agreement was signed on 3 June 1996. Exhibition space was sold out before the end of 1996 and a waiting list established. The Forum, under the theme "Asian Routes Towards the GIS", would feature Strategies and Technology Summits as well as a Telecommunication Development Workshop (TDW) under the theme of "Network Interconnectivity" from regulatory and technical points of view, with the TDW funded by sponsorships.
5.1.1.2.5 TELECOM Inter@ctive 97 (8-14 September 1997)
a) A press release issued on 25 March 1996 announced that TELECOM's new event will take place at Palexpo, Geneva. A first Consultative Preparatory Meeting was held in Geneva on 4 September 1996 with traditional and new players. A brainstorming session debated the structure of both the forum and exhibition. A second preparatory meeting was expected to take place in early 1997. The event will have two main parts: first, an exhibition and thematic pavilions focusing on health, education, commerce and intelligent living; and second, a diverse forum and its accompanying TELECOM Development Workshop. TIP' 97 will include keynotes, panels, workshops and poster sessions, on-line discussions and video-conferences, on-site live demonstrations and off-site chat groups.
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b) A major sales campaign was organized to attract new companies, many· of. which lie outside TELECOM' s traditional client base, to exhibit at this new event. In conformity with ITU rules and procedures, a specialized marketing agency, Mueller/ Shields OME, was hired to conduct the ·sales campaign in the USA, Scandinavia and South Korea. The Secretariat organized the sales campaign in all other countries.
5.1.1.2.6 Americas TELECOM 2000
The procedure to chose a country and venue for Americas TELECOM 2000 was initiated. A letter was sent to all Member country Ministers asking for indications of interest to host the next event. Argentina, Bahamas, Mexico and. Uruguay indicated their interest.
5.1.1.2.7 Reorganization
At the end of June 1996, following the close of Americas TELECOM 96, Secretariat personnel were redeployed into four divisions: (1) Business Development and Marketing; (2) Exhibitions; (3) Forum; and (4) Administration and Protocol. The restructuring took place slowly with much consultation with the Personnel Department to review and grade new and existing positions. For the most part, revised and new job descriptions, which were being treated on a "top down" basis, had not been finalized at the end of 1996, but a certain number of new positions were advertised. Temporary staff were given two to three month extensions from June onwards in anticipation of the publication of vacancy notices. The restructuring was expected to be completed in 1997.
5.1.2 Strategic Planning and External Affairs Unit
a) Following the retirement of the Head of External Affairs in January 1996, the External Affairs Unit wasiiffierged with the Strategic Planning Unit to create a new Strategic Planning and External Affairs Unit. This was-done in order to improve synergy between the functions performed by the two units and to meet the expenditure re·auction target of 440,000 Swiss francs established by Council for the Secretary-General's Office for the 1996-97budget period.
b) One of the major projects undertaken by the new unit in 1996 was the organization of the first World Telecommunication Policy Forum on Global Mobile Communications by Satellite and the industry-sponsored GMPCS information session that took place in conjunction with the WTPF. A full report on these activities can be found in section 4.4 (page 7) of this report.
c) In addition to the Policy Forum, the Unit's main activities in 1996 were as follows:
5.1.2.1 Strategic Planning
The Unit's strategic planning activities focused on the m~asures required to implement the overall strategies and priorities as set out in the Strategic Plan for the Union 1995-99 and elaborated in Resolution 1 and other resolutions of the Kyoto Plenipotentiary Conference. Key activities included:
• preparing the Secretary-General's report on the Union's strategic policies and plans to the 1996 Council with recommendations for future action;
• providing the secretariat for the Review Committee established pursuant to Kyoto Resolution 15 on enhancing the Rights and Obligations of Sector Members;
• undertaking follow-up actions further to the Council's decisions on the reports of the Resolution 15 Review Committee and Resolution 39 report from the Secretary-General, with a view to preparing the ground for the work of ITU-2000;
• analyzing the Union's progress in implementing strategic policies and priorities and preparing a series of strategy brain-storming sessions for elected officials on current and emerging strategic issues;
• providing the secretariat to the Coordination Committee, the Regulatory Colloquium, and the World Telecommunications Advisory Council.
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5.1.2.2 Operations Analysis
a) Operations Analysis activities were focused on measures required to improve management systems and practices in the ITU Secretariat, along the lines defined in the 1995-99 strategic plan. Key activities included:
o planning and development of a prototype budget, 1998-99, using full cost allocation, in cooperation with the Finance Department;
o planning and coordinating a series of workshops for elected officials and senior managers to identify actions to be taken to improve management practices in the ITU Secretariat;
o undertaking, in cooperation with the BR and the Finance Department, the second stage of the CARS (Cost Allocation for Radiocommunication Services) project, aimed at identifying unit costs and cost recovery options for services delivered by the Radiocommunication Bureau;
o undertaking an operations review of the "QuickPub" experiment, designed to accelerate the production of ITU Recommendations, and leading a Task Force evaluating the project;
o research work, in cooperation with the ITU-T, on reform of the accounting rate system, including data analysis, preparation of position papers, and drafting speeches for the Secretary-General.
o providing secretariat services for the ITU Publications Policy Committee (IPPC) and helping to launch the ITU Electronic Bookshop.
b) In addition, the Operations Analysis section prepared some twenty papers, presentations and articles for the Secretary-General and the Deputy Secretary-General. Together with the BDT Information Systems Unit, the Operations Analysis section drafted and published the 1996197 World Telecommunication Development Report on the theme of Trade in Telecommunications, the Direction of Traffic, 1996 report (with TeleGeography Inc), African Telecommunication Indicators, 1996 and Telecommunication Indicators for the Arab States, 1996. In addition, the Operations Analysis section worked closely with the BDT and the Electronic Publications Service in the launching of the Telecommunication Indicators Online service.
5.1.2.3 Relations with Members
a) During the year 1996, the Relations with Members section carried out tasks relating to the function of depository of the Acts of the Union, namely, registration of the deposit of instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession to the Constitution and Convention (Geneva, 1992) or to the instruments amending the said Constitution and Convention (Kyoto, 1994), registration of approval or other acts of the Union, membership matters, as well as processing consultations, notifications and relevant communications.
b) The section also:
o dealt with questions relating to requests for participation in the work of the Sectors submitted by recognized operating agencies, scientific or industrial organizations, other entities dealing with telecommunication matters, regional and other international telecommunication, standardization, financial and development organizations;
o took care of administrative arrangements for and provided the secretariat to the 1996 session of the Council;
o prepared the Final Acts of the World Radio Conference (WRC-95) for publication;
o conducted a survey of Global Directory clients in order to determine improvements that could be made to the publication.
5.1.2.4 External Affairs
During the period under review, external affairs activities focused on strengthening the ITU's relations with the United Nations System and other international organizations along the lines set out in the strategic plan. To this end, the section:
o led a UN Inter-Agency project on Universal Access to Basic Communication and Information Services and participated in various Task Forces deriving from UN Global Conferences;
o monitored the WTO talks on Basic Telecommunications and disseminated subsequent information through BDT workshops and seminars;
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• consulted regional telecommunication organizations on measures that could be taken to strengthen their relationship with the ITU;
• coordinated the !TU's contributions to the activities of the United Nations system, including UN conferences and meetings, the work of the Administrative Committee on Coordination (ACC) and its subsidiary bodies, the Joint Inspection Unit and other organs of the UN system;
• provided protocol services, organized briefing sessions on the activities of the Union for groups of visitors, and acted as a focal point for invitations requiring inter-sectoral coordination and follow-up.
5.1.2.5 Press and Public Information Section
a) During the year under review, there was growing interest by the media and the corporate business world in areas which are relatively new to the ITU' s sphere of operation, such as the Internet, GMPCS, the development of the GII including modems and audiovisual standards, and the introduction of new telephone services such as international freephone. Taking advantage of the opportunity to promote the Union through these high-profile topics as well as through flagship publications such as the World Telecommunication Development Report, the Press Office obtained a very wide and positive coverage in the press, showing the Union as a key organization in the field of telecommunication development, analysis and prediction of market trends. Through strengthened personal relationships with key media representatives, PPI 'sold in' stories on these subjects thus contributing to a stronger and broader support for its work. It published information on landmark achievements of the organization in 23 press releases distributed to over 10 000 addressees worldwide (governments, administrations and industry) and posted onto the World-Wide Web for public access. A small Telecommunications and the Environment .Web site was also prepared on the theme "Networking for sustainable Development" on the occasion of the International Conference on Climate Change held at the United Nations.
b) The Press Office had a busy year in meeting a steady demand for articles from a range of publications around the world, for interviews with the Secretary-General and other high-ranking officials and for general infqrmation relating to ITU activities. It prepared 23 independently solicited papers and articles and responded' to over 6000 requests for information from the press, corporate and individual users of telecommunications, academic circles and the general public.
c) In collaboration with the International Olympic Committee, it prepared and disseminated the documentation required for the 28th World Telecommunication Day (17 May 1996), on the theme: "Telecommunications and Sports". Preparations for World Telecommunication Day 1996 included a series of articles on the theme, the putting together of a set of photos of Olympic sports events, a video, audio and written message by the Secretary-General, and a press release. In addition to the traditional PR campaign with the media, ITU Members and the industry, a World Wide Web site was set up.
d) Taking the opportunity of Americas TELECOM 96 for gaining positive exposure for the Union, the Press Office designed, coordinated and managed the ITU Stand. Over 150 visitors per day have enquired on a whole range of ITU activities; several have shown serious interest in membership. Some 50 demonstrations per day of ITU electronic products- CD-ROM et on-line (publications, TIES, Indicators) were made in the three peak days of the Event.
e) For the World Telecommunication Policy Forum, considerable effort was made to prepare extensive press materials which clearly explained the topic, which was relatively new to most journalists and to our membership at large. The Press Kit contained more than 20 documents, including four full-length feature articles and comprehensive backgrounders and fact sheet. In addition, the press office managed the accreditation process, registering more than 200 journalists. An on-site press office was established for the duration of the conference, including the information session, to service the needs of media who came to Geneva to cover the event. The Policy Forum Web Site which was prepared, developed and maintained by the Press Office got 211 653 hits representing 28 777 pages accessed in only three months. · ·
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Annex 1 (to Section 5.1.2)
United Nations Resolutions
In compliance with Article IV of the Agreement between the United Nations and the International Telecommunication Union, Resolutions addressed by the United Nations to the Union are to be brought to the attention of the Council. In 1996, the following UN Resolutions were communicated to the Union :
Resolution Number Title
51118 Cooperation between the United Nations and the Organization of the Islamic Conference
51120 Cooperation between the United Nations and the League of Arab States
51130(B) Assistance for the rehabilitation and reconstruction of Liberia
51130(E) Assistance for the reconstruction and development of Djibouti
51/30(F) Special emergency economic assistance to the Comoros
51130(G) Assistance for humanitarian relief and the economic and social rehabilitation of Somalia
51/30(H) International assistance to Rwanda for the reintegration of returning refugee, the restoration of total peace, reconstruction and socio-economic development
51132 Mid-term review of the implementation of the UN New Agenda for the Development of Africa in the 1990s
51/146 Implementation of the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples
511150 Assistance to the Palestinian people
51/151 Cooperation between"the United Nations and the Organization of African Unity
51/194 Strengthening of the coordination of emergency humanitarian assistance of the United Nations
51/195 Emergency international assistance for peace, normalcy and reconstruction of war-stricken Afghanistan
51/197 The situation in Central America: procedures for the establishment of a firm and lasting peace and progress in fashioning a region of peace, freedom, democracy and development
51/202 Implementation of the outcome of the World Summit for Social Development
511164 Enhancing international cooperation toward a durable solution to the external debt problem of developing countries
51/167 International trade and development
51/176 Implementation of the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development
51/177 Implementation of the outcome of the Second United Nations Conference on Human Settlements (Habitat II)
511178 First United Nations Decade for the Eradication of Poverty
51/181 Special session for the purpose of an overall review and appraisal of the implementation of Agenda21
51/183 Implementation of the outcome of the Global Conference on the Sustainable Development of Small Island Developing States
51/185 International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction
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Resolution Number Title
51169 Follow-up to the Fourth World Conference on Women and full implementation of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action
51188 Commemoration of the fiftieth anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human'Rights
511123 International Cooperation in the peacful uses of outer space
51/138 Question relating to infonnation
51/141 Implementation of the Declaration on the granting of independence to colonial countries and peoples by the specialized agencies and the international institutions associated with the United Nations
51/216 United Nations common system: report of the International Civil Service Commission
Annex2 (to Section 5.1.2)
Activities of the Joint Inspection Unit
The report of the activities of the JIU is presented to the Council for consideration pursuant to Resolution 5T of the Plenipotentiary Conference (Kyoto, 1994). The titles of the reports, as prepared by the JIU during the period JanuaryDecember 1996 are herewith listed
Report No.
TIUIREP/96/1
TIU/REP/96/2
JIU/REP/96/3
JIU/REP/96/4
JIU/REP/96/5
TIU/REP/96/6
JIUIREP/9617
Title
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development: review of institutional and programme issues
Feasibility Study on the relocation of UNIT AR to the Turin Centre
Coordination of Policy and Programming frameworks for more effective development cooperation
Review of financial resources allocated by the United Nations System to activities by NonGovernmental Organizations
Common Services at United Nations Headquarters
Inspection of the application of United Nations Recruitment, Placement, and Promotion Policies - Part IT - Placement and Promotions
Comparison of methods of calculating equitable geographical distribution within the United Nations Common System
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5.1.3 Personnel Department
a) As can be seen in Section 6 (page 81), "Administration of the Union- Staff Matters", there was a decrease in the number of regular staff in 1996 (699) as compared to 1995 (714). For the first time, statistics are given on the number of MRT contracts attributed since the implementation of the system (5). Short-term recruitment stood at 67 670 person/days during 1996 and was again well above average in a year forecast as being less active for conferences and meetings. However, the meetings and conferences held by ITU attracted larger delegations than had been foreseen and this, in turn, had an effect on the recruitment of short-term staff.
b) The staff of the Personnel Department was actively involved throughout the year in the preparation of important policy documents on human resources management which were presented to Council at its 1996 session and, on the basis of which, it decided to create a Tripartite Consultative Group (Council members, ITU Administration and Staff representatives) to study all staff-related matters and to formulate recommendations to the Council with a view to preparing proposals for the next Plenipotentiary Conference to be held in 1998. The Group held one meeting in October 1996 and another one in March 1997 prior to presenting its report to the 1997 Council meeting. The Chief of the Personnel Department continued to Chair the inter-organization consultative body (CCAQ) dealing with the study of conditions of work in the international civil service and to participate in the work of other interorganization Common System bodies to which the CCAQ reports (ACC, ICSC).
c) In the field of training, the ITU launched the two-year Management Development Project (MDP 2000) based on competencies which combine skills, knowledge and personal attributes, with a view to upgrading identified management competencies of targeted middle managers. At the end of the project, each manager will be assisted with an individual development plan which combines training and non-training approaches.
d) In addition to the 90 individual training courses taken outside the ITU, group training organized for common needs at the ITU was dispensed to 264 staff members totaling 4 7 learning days and nine different course subjects. These statistics do not include computer training courses which are under the responsibility of the Information Services Department. The main characteristic of the 1996 training programme was an emphasis placed on technical training targeted to staff without knowledge of telecommunications.
e) Telecommunications training has been identified as one of the main priority areas. Such training for telecommunication engineers has so far been dispensed by individual external courses, given the difficulty of grouping common needs. Some needs were expressed by staff for telecommunications training for non-specialists which will allow them to better understand subjects handled daily in their workplace. An introductory course on telecommunications for non-telecommunication specialists was followed by 70 staff members. Presentations on new telecommunication services targeted for two distinct groups, specialists and non-specialists, were also organized for 80 staff members.
f) In the area of post classification, the Department finalized the Classification Guidelines for Telecommunication Engineering Posts, prepared in response to Resolution 1 (Strategic Plan 1995-1999) of the Final Acts of the ITU Plenipotentiary Conference (Kyoto, 1994). The Plenipotentiaries had requested that criteria be developed to take into account the highly technical requirements of many ITU Professional positions and the important managerial requirements of other positions. It is proving to be a useful tool for both the classifiers and managers in the organization. The staff participated in a UN Common System Working Group on the updating of the ICSC Tier II Classification Standard for Human Resources Management Specialists. The restructuring of TELECOM approved by the 1996 Council involved close participation on the part of the Personnel Department in the establishment, revision and grading of job descriptions for all of its posts. The workload on this and other organizational changes, as well as on on-going individual requests, represented approximately 120 classification actions, including 89 confirmation of grades, 9 upgradings, 6 downgradings and 2 creation of posts and other general studies.
5.1.4 Finance Department
a) The Finance Department continued the implementation of the financial management system as well as streamlining the related procedures for the 1996-1997 budget and accounts.
b) The action plan for the follow-up of the External Auditor's Report, including improvements in the areas of financial and accounting management, the computerized financial system and its interfaces as well as the enhancement of the integrated financial management system continued to be the high priority in the work of the Finance Department.
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c) Measures to enhance the staffing of the Finance Department had been initiated. Delegation of authority in financial matters was reviewed and related instructions issued. The application of cost recovery principle was further extended to special accounts, such as UIFN, TIES and ITU seminars. The procedures for internal invoicing were reviewed and streamlined. Special attention was paid to speeding up the recovery of arrears.
d) Guidelines were issued for the preparation of the biennial Budget of the Union, 1998-1999, and the budget preparation procedure was commenced. The accounts for TELECOM 95 were finalized and submitted for audit. The accounts of Americas TELECOM 96 were closed.
e) The Finance Department took part in the study on the strengthening of the financial base of the Union (Resolution 39), in the work of the Review Committee (Resolution 15) as well as in the work of ITU-2000. It also participated in the study on the full allocation of costs within the Union.
f) The Finance Department participated also in the work related to WTSC, Americas TELECOM 96 and CCAQ as well as in the preparation of Asia TELECOM 97 and TELECOM Interactive 97.
5.1.5 Conferences Department
The Conferences Department is responsible for translation and interpretation services in the six working languages, publication of ITU News, practical organization of conferences, terminology and reference services, document composition and handling and conversion of electronic documents. The Department also supervised and coordinated all aspects of the implementation of Resolution 62 (Kyoto, 1994) concerning the use of Arabic, Chinese and Russian.
5.1.5.1 Conference Service
The following conferences and meetings were held in 1996:
Conference/Meeting Days Geneva Days outside
Total Geneva
Council - C96 8 8
Review Committee 5 5
ITU-2000 2 2
Working Group on Languages 1 1
World Telecommunication Advisory Council 1 2 3
World Telecommunication Policy Forum 4 4
Miscellaneous meetings 10 10
Americas TELECOM 6 6
Meetings relating to Telecom and Forum 2 2
ITU-R meetings 272 158 430
CPM-96 and Prep. CPM 8 8
RRB 20 20
RAG 5 5
BR Radiocommunication Seminar 5 5
BR Regional Radiocommunication Seminars, Bamako and Sofia 10 10
Resolution 18 Fora, Brasilia, Seoul and Geneva 3 6 9
ITU-T meetings 136 36 172
TSAG 10 10
WTSC-96 8 8
ITU -D meetings 8 8
Regional Telecommunication Development Conferences, Abidjan 10 10 and Beirut
TDAB 5 5
BDT courses, seminars, workshops and other meetings relating to 12 304 316 Telecommunication Development
Totals 525 532 1057
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5.1.5.2 Interpretation
a) The Interpretation Service recruited 418 interpreters on a total of 594 contracts representing 2369 working days.
b) The chart at the end of section 5.1.6 (page 19) shows the volume of document-production services provided for ITU activities for the period 1986-1996, with details for the Sectors.
5.1.5.3 Translation
a) In 1996, the English, French and Spanish Translation Sections translated and revised a total of 50 800 pages1
(compared with 56 700 in 1995). This work was done by permanent staff, supernumerary staff hired on short-term contracts according to the workload and external collaborators. The total included some 11 100 pages (22%) which were contracted out ( outsourcing).
b) Moreover, these Sections are responsible for drawing up the official minutes and summary records of conferences and meetings, which amounted to 386 working days in 1996.
c) Their routine activities also include the participation of linguists in the editorial committees at major conferences, ad hoc interpreting (43 days), recruitment and training of a pool of permanent and temporary translators, language assistance to the Sectors and Departments of the Union, and organizing, monitoring and revising outsourced translations.
d) The Arabic, Chinese and Russian Translation Services translated and revised a number of ITU-R and ITU-T volumes, handbooks and Final Acts of conferences. The production of the Chinese and Russian versions of some volumes was contracted out. A total of 40001 pages of volumes were printed in Arabic, 74001 in Chinese and 63001
in Russian. These services also translated and typed in Arabic, Chinese and Russian 56, 55 and 54 trilingual issues, respectively, of the Special Section on space services of the BR Weekly Circular, amounting to 6600 pages in Arabic, 6400 in Chinese and 6300 in Russian, i.e. a total of 19 300 final pages (compared with 13 700 in 1995).
e) As part of the search for innovative solutions in the field of translation and following a study carried out by STRAIT (see below), a pilot scheme for computer-aided translation has been launched (CAT). The initial results are expected in Spring 1997.
5.1.5.4 Terminology and References
a) In 1996, the Section for Terminology, References and Computer Aids to Translation (STRAIT) continued with the expansion of TERMITE. Some 2727 additions, corrections and deletions were made to the database, which now contains nearly 60 000 entries. Accessible on TIES (Gopher and the WWW), the database was consulted on average 2000 times a month (in-house and from outside).
b) The Section published and marketed a new printed version of TERMITE. It pursued the development of the computerized system for terminology management (TIMBER project), which is intended to replace the current system operating on the Siemens mainframe. It also participated in inter-agency conferences with its United Nations counterparts and continued to keep track of technological developments in the field of translation. In cooperation with the translation sections, STRAIT has selected a computer-aided translation system which will be operated on a trial basis as from early 1997.
c) The Reference Service processed some 2300 documents and responded to some 3000 queries, while developing the available documentation and improving access to the information required by translators. The Registration Service processed some 3800 documents and also did word counts on around 430 publications for the Arabic, Russian and Chinese Services.
5.1.5.5 Document Composition
a) The Document Composition Service produced 95 017 final A4 pages of documents during 1996. The workload for each Sector can be broken down as follows:
o ITU-T
o ITU-R
o ITU-D
55 632 pages (59%)
21 318 pages (22%)
10 910 pages ( 11%) of the total output.
1 Pages are given to the nearest hundred.
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b) The operators transcribed 61 798 statistical A4 pages for translators, as follows: 26 009 pages for the French Section, 4962 pages for the English Section and 30 827 pages for the Spanish Section.
c) Since October 1996, on a trial basis and at the request of the TSB editing service, the Service has set up a pilot production unit, which is responsible for testing and refining a new procedure called "QuickPub" with the dual objective of accelerating the publication of ITU-T Recommendations and adjusting their format to permit electronic consultation.
d) In the space of three months, this unit, which is composed of three operators E/F/S and effective technical support, has attained all the objectives assigned to it and produced 34 Recommendations, i.e. a total of 3068 pages, in record time (21 days on average according to a study by the Strategic Planning Unit). The "QuickPub" procedure simultaneously provides the final consolidated file to be posted on the Web and the paper copy.
e) On behalf of outside administrations and ITU services, the EDMG (Electronic Document Management Group):
• converted 18 950 pages;
• formatted 9807 pages;
• produced 15 875 diskettes for the outside; and
• scanned 2113 pages of documents and 778 figures in Designer.
5.1.5.6 ITU Newsletter
Since 1 January 1996, the "ITU Newsletter" has been replaced by "ITU News" with a ne~ layout and a new cover. Ten issues of "ITU News" were published in 1996 in three separate editions (English, French and Spanish) with a total of 404 pages per language edition. Production, including film production, is handled in-house while printing is.contracted outside the ITU. Various promotional exercises were carried out during the various ITU events (Americas TELECOM, World Telecommunication Policy Forum, World Telecommunication Standardization Conference; Regional Telecommunication Development Conference for the African States and for the Arab States) which resulted in a marked increase in the number of readers (10 790). ITU News is distributed free of charge in practically all the ITU Member coutries and among many Sector Members.
5.1.6 Common Services Department
a) The main theme in 1996 in the department was faster delivery of services to customers and improved productivity. In this respect, staff attitudes and increased use of information-technology tools and systems w~re the key contributors.
b) The publications sector continued its rapid evolution, and a new "Electronic Bookshop" service was successfully launched in the summer of 1996. This innovation was an outstanding example of teamwork across the ITU, including the bureaux, the IS and Finance Departments. Improvements in sales and marketing contributed significantly to the exceptional income from the sale of ITU publications.
c) In the building-related activities, the cafeteria on the 15th floor of the Tower Building was renovated, and new offices were prepared for the Telecom Unit in the premises rented from the FIPOI in the nearby EFTA building. For the Montbrillant construction project, the 'detailed specifications were completed, an invitation-to-bid was issued and a preliminary evaluation of the proposals received was completed. Work will commence in 1997, and the construction will be completed in the year 2000.
d) The following sections provide summaries and statistics for different services in the department.
5.1.6.1 Publication Composition Service
a) Every effort is made to keep pace with technological developments. Accordingly, in 1996, the Service changed over to the new versions of NT, Win Word and Designer, and staff training continued with no break in output.
b) The output of the Composition Service increased by 40% as compared with the previous year and by 54% as compared with the average for the years 1992-1995, despite a reduction in staff of 11% as compared with the average for the years 1992-1995.
c) All the Recommendations in force are available not only in hard copy, but are also accessible on-line and can be downloaded through the ITU World Wide Web server (http://www.itu.int). The texts are available in WinWord™ 2.0c and Postscript™ format and will also be available from the beginning of 1997 in PDF Adobe Acrobat™ format.
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Bureaux 1992 1993 1994 1995 Average 1996 Difference 1992/95
TSB: Rec. 5 902 37 563 40994 28 915 28 343 32 121 + 13%
Handbooks 8 553 I 044 2 33I 3 976 1 718 -57%
BR: Circulars 5 699 8 106 1I 292 14 84I 9 984 22406 + 124%
Volumes 5 043 3 103 8 061 I0467 6 668 13 837 + 107%
Lists sous SG sous SG 6 620 6480 6 550 4960 -24%
RR 697 sous SG 3 397 280 1458 13 530 +828%
BDT: Various 106 261 3 439 I 288 1 273 1420 + 11%
SG: Various 18 278 18 427 6 901 9 553 11 784 11 467 -10%
Graphics 1 799 Colour separation
TOTAL 44278 67460 81748 74155 66910 103 258 +54%
Staff 47 47 50 40 46 41 -11%
5.1.6.2 Sales and Marketing Unit
The volume of publications produced by the Union is given in the following table:
Set/Subset Number Copies Number of pages
BDT 16 4 380 2910
BR 210 287 577 87 986
SG 70 40055 8 166
TSB Recommendations 848 343 520 40552
Other publications 99 65 465 5 057
TLC 21 172 500 1 232
TOTAL 1264 913 497 145 903
5.1.6.2.1 Sales Service
Some salient features of 1996 were:
o a considerable reduction in the time taken for processing orders, quoting prices and invoicing;
o availability of the Catalogue of Publications and Lists of ITU-T and ITU-R Recommendations on the Web, which are updated weekly and are consulted by the majority of customers;
o an increase of some 6% in subscriptions to the on-line service. On the other hand, there was a reduction in hard copy orders;
o launching of the Electronic Bookshop in August. Recommendations are sold via the Web, the invoiced amount being automatically debited against a credit card;
o the large number of conferences held and the introduction of publications using new media contributed to the attainment of an exceptional turnover of some 12,600,000 Swiss Francs.
5.1.6.2.2 Marketing
The main tasks completed in 1996 were as follows:
o continued inclusion of outside advertising material in BR publications, with the Handbook on digital radio-relay networks;
o a market study conducted among purchasers of the ITU Global Directory in order to improve the appearance, contents and electronic version of that publication;
o launch of a promotional campaign for the introduction of the Electronic Bookshop, in particular in the international press;
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• signature of various agreements for the resale of ITU publications, the purpose being to rationalize the distribution network worldwide;
• stronger ITU presence at exhibitions on telecommunications with the production of promotional literature specially intended for Americas TELECOM, the Frankfurt Book Fair and Digimedia in Montreux.
5.1.6.3 Electronic Publishing Service
a) The regular production of the ITU-T recommandations on CD-ROM continued with growing popularity among the customers.
b) For the ITU-R sector, the production of the International Frequency List, the Plans and Space Radiocommunications Systems on CD-ROM continued as well, and the HFBC schedules and software products were regularly published on diskette.
c) In addition to the regular production of CD-ROM titles already available for sale, several new titles were also developed using new technologies.
d) To create multiplatform and fully searchable titles, Adobe Acrobat PDF technology was introduced for several new titles:
• the Forum Papers of Americas TELECOM on CD-ROM;
• the Telecommunication Indicator reports on the Web, and
• the ITU-R Recommendations on the Web as well as the forthcoming CD-ROM edition planned for 1997.
5.1.6.4 Outside Publications Service
Number of publications and other material Total number Total number Total invoiced produced in 1996 of pages of copies (Swiss francs)
(including TELECOM)
Published on: paper, CD-ROM, On-line, 1733 147 867 196 659 518 2,076,077.-microfiche, diskette
TELECOM 1,364,179.-
TOTAL 3,440,256.-
5.1.6.5 Reprography and Audiovisual Service
5.1.6.5.1 Reprography Section
The Reprography Section processed 15 220 orders representing 92 888 028 A4 runs, of which 19 456 892 pages were for publications, a decrease of 17.5% as compared with 1995.
Number of pages
Source 1992 1993 1994 1995 AVERAGE 1996
TSB 67 716 096 39 066 308 43 677 369 50 780 086 50 309 965 38 716 572
BR 10 550 298 18 541 357 16425171 33 068144 19 646 242 17 359 917
BDT 4056 518 4 242 565 5 981 823 4 184 361 4 616 317 6 610 589
Publication 3 819 055 11 145 203 17 783 530 15 382 833 12 032 655 19 456 892
SG /Other 24 367 785 10 023 331 16 520 135 9 245 818 15 039 267 10 744 058
Total production 110509 752 83 018 764 100388028 112 661242 101644 446 92 888 028
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5.1.6.5.2 Conference Documents Section
The Conference Documents Section handled 3 550 220 documents (i.e. 44.48% fewer than in 1995) of which 1 303 555 were dispatched (23.55% fewer than in 1995) and 1 921 475 distributed (54.39% fewer than in 1995). The remaining documents were kept in stock.
Documents handled
Source 1992 1993 1994 1995 AVERAGE 1996
TSB 2 333 290 2 609 698 2 128 335 2 472 175 2 385 874 1 791 325
BR 1 056 760 1 967 890 1 516 370 1 829 555 1 592 644 1 257 160
OTHER 34083 67 177 12 220 1 646 040 439 880 225 845
SG I Other 2 175 640 109 005 1 390 955 161 270 959 217 81900
Council 194 595 180 455 231 840 285 970 223 215 193 990
Total Production 5 794368 4 934 225 5 279 720 6 395 010 5 600 830 3 550 220
5.1.6.5.3 Dispatch and Transport Section
a) The Dispatch and Transport Section sent out 168 501 kg of publications, documents and conference material (value 4,785,283.- Swiss francs) by freight at a cost of 354,759 Swiss francs.
b) It dispatched from headquarters various printed matter (621,876 items) at a cost of 1,560,175.64 Swiss francs and 185 328 parcels of conference documents at a cost of 818,496.50 Swiss francs. It handled 15 957 registered items. Surface mail accounted for 63% of total traffic.
Dispatch costs
Dispatches in Swiss francs 1992 1993 1994 1995 AVERAGE 1996
BY FREIGHT 276,000.00 253,870.00 270,037.00 247,236.- 261,785.75 354,759.00
BY MAIL 913,000.00 1,158,739.65 1,087,412.01 1,158,506.- 1,079,414.41 1,560,175.64
CONFERENCE 1,084,000.00 795,101.50 923,597.64 999,537.- 950,559.04 818,496.50
Total Cost 2,273,000.00 2,207 '711.15 2,281,046.65 2,405,279.- 2,291,759.20 2,733,431.14
5.1.6.5.4 Drawing and Audiovisual Section
a) As in previous years, the computer graphics service handled the preparation and copying on film of numerous conference documents intended both for on-screen presentations and for projection in the form of slides or films for overhead projectors. Most of the section's work involved graphical creations issued in printed or multimedia form.
b) In 1996, the Audiovisual Service was responsible, in collaboration with the Press Service and TELECOM, for producing video programmes, recorded messages and interviews. Management of the photographic library and new electronic images and the assimilation of new software for multimedia and use of new media such as CD-photo were also important tasks.
5.1.6.6 Logistic Service
a) The Logistic Service pursued its policy of cost effectiveness in cooperation with both the Joint Purchase Service and various enterprises in all matters concerning the purchase or hire of furniture, machines and office supplies and the maintenance of buildings.
b) Expenditure on purchases of furniture and machines amounted to 3.661.000 Swiss francs (including computer equipment), on office supplies to 3.671.000 Swiss francs and on building maintenance to 4.018.359 Swiss francs.
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c) Major operations were undertaken such as replacement of the UPS (Uninterrupted power supply) unit in the computer centre, renovation of the cafeteria on the fifteenth floor of the Tower, replacement of the fire detection system, renovation of the new premises to which the TELECOM staff were relocated, repair of 200 window blinds in the Tower building, installation of two air-conditioning cabinets in the computer centre, installation of airconditioning in certain premises and an inventory of the Union's property.
d) Nine international call for bids were issued, the most important of which concerned cleaning of the ITU buildings, office furniture and renovation of the plumbing installations in the V are m be building.
e) The Service carried out 391 removals, made arrangements for 15 large conferences and for 40 receptions and parties, renovated 91 offices, 8 corridors and emergency staircases in the Tower, equipped 90 offices with new furniture, fitted out 20 offices and installed 150 pigeon-holes for delegates, processed 1769 requests for supplies and received 7 49 tons of goods.
f) The Service was constantly called upon to.intervene in connection with the everyday maintenance of the buildings, security, installation and control of high ad low voltage facilities, air conditioning, carpentry, the distribution of goods and so forth, as well as the telephone service for staff members, delegates and conference particpants.
g) A detailed report on the Montbrillant building project is contained in a separate document.
5.1.6.7 Library and Archive Service
a) The Library acquired some 400 volumes as well as publications on electronic media (databases, periodicals, etc.) and videos.
b) A study on the restructuring of the Library and Archives was entrusted to an independent consultant. The major recommendations were:
• move towards a virtual library, while maintaining some additional conventional services;
• introduction of new procedures for handling the stock (cataloguing, electronic delivery of documents, etc.);
• coordination of activities for the introduction of an electronic archiving system;
• analysis of staff requirements and preparation of new job descriptions for the staff of the Service.
c) The Archives responded to about 100 requests for consultation and research, registered 152 requests for files and provided 5800 photocopied pages. The different services of the Union sent 142 linear metres of files to the Archives.
5.1.6.8 Planning and Computerization Service
a) The Service assisted in preparing the budgets for the different parts of the Department and the ITU publications budget.
b) Computerization activities in 1996 were closely coordinated with the Information Services Department: the work done included the following:
• development of programs for the sale of ITU-T and ITU-R Recommendations over the Internet using credit cards;
• creation of a databank containing the full catalogue of ITU publications and printing out of hard copies from the database;
• the Document Production System (DPS) improved through the extension of the number of users and the addition of new functions, and a WEB interface.
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-25-
5.1.7 Information Services Department
a) The Information Services Department continued in 1996 to enhance the services provided to external users (e.g., officials from Member States, participants in Study Group activities, customers of ITU online publications) and internal users (ITU Headquarters and Regional Offices staff).
b) Key 1996 service enhancements and new services addressing requirements of external users, usually under the Telecom Information Exchange Services (TIES) environment, include: ·
• development of the Universal International Freephone Number (UIFN) system and implementation of a special fax facility for the UIFN registry system
• development of the Web access to the ITU Electronic Bookshop using secure electronic commerce technology
• performance improvement of ITU Publications online subscription paid services
• improvement of services for the work of ITU Study Groups
• development of online access through the Web to various ITU databases (e.g., UIFN, Space Networks, Maritime Services, TELECOM)
• representation of ITU in Internet governance issues, in particular concerning global Top Level Domain names (TLDs); participation in the International Ad Hoc Committee (IAHC)
• direct Information Technology (IT) support to Member States (e.g., Cameroon, Laos), including assistance in the development of Internet services within the framework of the Buenos Aires Action Plan Programme 12
• IT support to Geneva-based Missions to the United Nations (donations of PCs, hosting of WEB sites<~nternet connectivity, training)
• cooperation with other UN organizations including the Department of Humanitarian Affairs (DHA), the Information Systems Co-ordination Committee (ISCC), the Inter-Agency Telecommunication Co-ordination Group (IATCG)
• cooperation with other international and regional organizations including ISO, IEC and the Council of Europe
• extensive IT support to regional conferences: Africa Development Conference, Americas TELECOM, Arab States Development Conference
• led ISCC initiative to develop the United Nations International Organizations Network Search (UNIONS), a hierarchical classification and search tool for the UN Organizations Web and Gopher servers
• contract for Web hosting and support ofUNDHA's Relietweb and ISCC's UNAPP database
• ongoing hosting of UN/ECE Editfact/Editrans documents on the web
• hosting ITC' s Virtual Exhibition to aid developing countries trade
• hosting Web sites for Permanent Missions (currently 13)
• provided Internet access and PCs for WIPO diplomatic conference
• supported other conferences (e.g., DAVIC and UNEP)
• coordination of the successful Geneva MAN pilot project
• creation of the Networking Technologies Center
• started cost recovery for some TIES services
• infrastructure upgrades of TIES servers and remote access modem capacity
• several presentations of the ITU information exchange services were made at external events and at Study Group meetings
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c) Key 1996 service enhancements addressing requirements of internal users include:
o started implementation of A TM LAN and study of some wireless LAN solutions
o extension of networking and PABX services to the EFTA building (TELECOM Secretariat)
o new version of the internal WEB service with full text indexing of ITU' s document repository and access to administrative documents (e.g., Service Orders)
o enhancements of the financial and sales/distribution management systems including planning for migration to the client/server environment
o development of the TELECOM Information System using client/server technology
o development of new ITUDOC client
o contract for maintenance of all Microsoft software used at ITU
o detailed evaluation of document management alternatives
o Database Management Division reestablished
o participation in internal task forces (e.g., QuickPub Task Force)
o extensive testing of future messaging system
o implementation of a general fax broadcast facility
o use of ActualUIT to inform HQ staff of IS developments
o started pilot evaluation for outsourcing (off-shore) of software development (UIFN system, new ITUDOC client, migration of Maritime Services)
o participation in the development of the new ILOIITU Health Insurance Information System (IDIS) (together with ILO, WHO, UNOG)
o installation of about 200 PCs complementing the migration to Windows NT on all desktops and NT training of most staff
o installation of 12 new Windows NT servers and 3 new UNIX servers
d) The above list of activities does not include the many important day-to-day operations of ITU' s IT environment including user support and training, assets management, operation of the network and servers, network security, data backup, routine enhancement and maintenance of administrative software, upgrading of software packages, etc.
5.2 Radiocommunication Sector (ITU-R)
5.2.1 Introduction and Overview
a) The Radiocommunication Bureau continued to support all Sector activities. The Bureau provided services to administrations and users in application of the Radio Regulations, including the coordination and registration of radio-frequency assignments and satellite orbits. It allocated international identification series and provided maritime mobile information services. It conducted seminars and training sessions for national frequency management requirements, in close cooperation with the Bureau for Telecommunication Development. The Bureau provided, on behalf of the Sector, liaison, coordination and assistance to the Telecommunication Development and Telecommunication Standardization Sectors and supported the Radio Regulations Board (RRB).
b) The Radiocommunication Bureau developed an operational plan for the Bureau for 1997, which was presented to the Radiocommunication Advisory Group. Such plans represent an important tool in attempting to reconcile the growing Radiocommunication Sector workload and the resources available.
c) The Radio Regulations Board provided, through its Rules of Procedures, important directives for the application of the Radio Regulations. An important element in the management of the Radiocommunication Sector was the advice from the Radiocommunication Advisory Group (19-23 February 1996).
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d) Three main activities characterised the work in the Radiocommunication Bureau:-the processing of notifications for space and terrestrial radiocommunication services; the support for the work of the ITU-R Study Groups and the preparatory work for radiocommunication conferences
5.2.2 Frequency assignments to stations in the space radiocommunication services
a) In 1996, the number of cases to be treated as well as their complexity continued to increase due to the technological, operational and regulatory developments in the satellite communication environment and due to the increased recognition of the economic value of the spectrum/orbit resources. This increasing workload continues to have a significant impact on the work of the Bureau. Figure 1 shows the evolution of the number of submissions relating to space network~ received by the Bureau for processing (capture, technical/regulatory examination and publication).
Evolution of the number of Space Networks
(submissions received for AR11/RS46) 600 T- - ___:____ _________ _
500 -! - --+-- adv.publ I
400 - 1 ~ coord
300
200
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Evolution of BSS Plan modifications (Art4.of AP30/30A)
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Figure 1
b) The number of Special Sections concerning satellite networks processed and published in 1996 under the procedures of Articles 11, 14 and Resolutions 33 and 46 (advance publication, coordination) was 1482. This represents a more than 50% increase in the production of these Special Sections, with respect to 1995.
c) The number of satellite network and earth station frequency assignment notices notified under Article 13 during the year 1996 appears in the following table:
Number of: Satellite networks Earth stations
networks and stations notified in 1996 and requiring examination 162 266
cancellations notified in 1996 11 42
d) Examination of the notices concerning the FSS Allotment plan submitted by administrations in application of Article 6 of Appendix 30B continued and the results were conveyed to administrations through circular- and multiaddress telegrams.
e) Results of examination of BSS and Feeder-link Plan submissions by Administrations in application of Articles 4 and 5 of Appendixes 30 and 30A were published in Special Sections and Parts I and 11 of the Weekly Circular as appropriate. Forty such Special Sections were published during 1996. In addition, specia~ assistance was rendered to Administrations related to the application of different procedures of these Appendices.
f) In 1996, substantial efforts were made to reduce the backlog resulting from the increasing number an9 c.omplexity of space networks submitted to the Bureau. The 1995 and 1996 sessions of the Council made additionai financial provisions permitting to the Bureau to recruit additional P and G staff reinforcements. These efforts were, however, counterbalanced by the unprecedented input flow of advance publication and coordination submissions(Article 11 and Resolution 46) as well as Plan modifications proposed for Article 4 of Appendices 30/30A. In addition, part of
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the above staff reinforcement had to be allocated to post-Conference tasks decided by WRC-95. The BSS planning exercise of Resolution 531 was particularly time and resource consuming due to the high number and unexpected complexity of the submissions to be treated. Major data-capture, engineering and software development activities had to be undertaken. Particular efforts were needed to link the FSS and plan data bases and technical examination chains to undertake interregional sharing studies and examinations.
g) Staff reinforcement and the introduction of more automated treatment of data have contributed to increase the productivity of the Bureau, the rate of publications (including data capture, technical and regulatory examinations) having considerably increased. Some of the above measures will nevertheless be fully effective only in the medium and longer term. Consequently, it is not expected that the backlog situation (both in the BSS and FSS/MSS environment) will be resolved in a satisfactory manner before the forthcoming WRC-97.
h) Due to the above evolution and the fact that, in recent years, staff resources and software assistance could not follow the rate of the increase in the workload, and in spite of the measures taken and the resulting higher rate of production, delays in the treatment of material received represent a continuing problem. The most critical areas of processing delays are: the satellite network coordination (examination and publication of AR11/C Special Sections) and Plan modification procedures where the publication delay (at the end of 1996) was still about 16 to 18 months. The following table summarises the response times (processing delays between dates of receipt and publication including all necessary technical and regulatory examinations) in the main sectors of space activities:
Article 11, RS33, RS46 Article 13 AP30/30A AP30B
adv.publ. coordination recording plan mod. conversion
I response time 6-7 months 18 months 18 months 18 months 12 months
5.2.3 Frequency assignments to stations in the terrestrial radiocommunication services
a) The processing of notices for terrestrial services involves the examination of conformity with the Radio Regulations and various frequency assignment and allotment plans as contained in the Radio Regulations or annexed to Regional Agreements. It also involves, for specific bands, the calculation of the probability of harmful interference. As a result of successful regulatory and, where required, technical examinations, the assignments are recorded in the Master International Frequency Register.
b) As reflected in the chart below, the workload related to the processing of terrestrial notifications over the last six years has considerably increased (more than 100% between 1990 and 1996). This trend is expected to continue with the prospect of an increase in the number of terrestrial notifications in the bands shared with the space services.
2 en 0 1.8 c 0 a; ·u; > 1.6 en .!! ·e 0 1.4 en .a "D en 1.2 :::s
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1990 1991
Terrestrial Services Department Relative Workload
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996
[J Publications
0 Assistance
lDGE89
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ORI081
EIGE75
DST61
DArticle 17
DArticle 12
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5.2.3.1 Registration and publication of assignment notices
a) In 1996, the Bureau received 23 839 notices from administrations under RR Article 12, including 4303 notiCes in the bands shared with the space services. All these notices were captured, validated, corrected and 23 767 notices were published in the Weekly Circular.
b) In addition, some 5122 notices dealing with the various plans (AP25, AP26, ST61, GE75, RJ81, GE84, GE85MM, GE85EMA, GE89, RJ88) were received in 1996. The Bureau also received 1663 electronic notices and has treated 3701 notices received in 1995 and 1996 concerning RR Article 12 (2337) and ST61 and RJ81 Plans (1364). In 1996, 32 917 notices for the High Frequency Broadcasting Service (HFBC) were received and processed on a weekly basis resulting in the publication, every month, of the Tentative Schedule on diskette. All reports of harmful interference are treated by the Bureau as matters of urgency, particularly where safety services are involved. In 1996, 180 cases of harmful interference were closed and 83 new cases were received, 86 cases are under treatment. Most of the above procedures are currently under review as part of the development of a new frequency management system for the terrestrial services (TerRaSys).
5.2.3.2 .Broadcasting Services
a) The regulatory and technical examination of broadcasting notices (see table below) to modify the broadcasting plans was carried out with less than a 3 month delay.
Regional Agreement No. of assignments
ST61 2881
GE75 95
RJ81 57
GE84 1859
GE89 8
b) In addition, 4905 frequency assignments were examined under RR Article 12, including 932 frequency assignments in the bands governed by the appropriate Regional agreements (examination of conformity with the relevant Plans and the other provisions of the Agreements) ·
c) The technical processing of High Frequency Broadcasting notices under Article 17 involved the identific~~ion of severe incompatibilities, the selection of appropriate bands and frequencies when requested by administrations and the preparation of Tentative Schedules. Some 35 134 notices were processed during 1996.
d) In the application of Article 14, 96 notices of broadcasting assignments were treated in 1996.
5.2.3.4 Fixed and Mobile Services
a) Notices received under RR Article 12 for the Fixed and Mobile Services were examined within the regulatory time frame fixed in the Radio Regulations. In 1996, the Bureau examined 20 027 such notices, including 3744 notices in the bands shared with the space services.
b) The Bureau also applied other regulatory procedures related to the Fixed and Mobile Services as described in the Radio Regulations and in relevant Resolutions and Regional Agreements.
Procedure No. of assignments/allotments
AR14 115
AR16 31
GE85 12
RS300 47
RS339 2
RC402 11
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5.2.3.5 Administrative and Operational provisions of the Radio Regulations
a) The Bureau provided assistance to administrations and other entities in the application of administrative and operational procedures which constitute a significant part of the Radio Regulations. In 1996, several queries were received concerning the use of international call sign series. Clarification on the use of the selective calling system was provided to eleven administrations. The following means of identification were assigned in this period:
o eight blocks of ship station selective call numbers: ATG (1 block), BAH (1 block), MLA (1 block), PNR (3 blocks), THA (1 block) and USA (1 block);
o five blocks of coast stations identification numbers: BRU (1), G/HKG (1 block), INS (3 blocks);
o one Maritime Identification Digit (MID) (368 to USA). Other requests from four administrations for the allocation of new MIDs could not be fulfilled as such requests were inconsistent with the RR - appropriate explanations and comments were provided.
b) In view of the difficulties in assigning blocks of "five-digit" selective call numbers in the maritime mobile service, a circular letter (No. CR/55 of 6 August 1996) was prepared and the administrations were requested to return any unused blocks. Four blocks were returned. As the remaining number of blocks is nearly depleted, the Bureau is supplying blocks from the remaining series only to administrations which expressed urgent needs, providing that the obligations of notification under RR2089 have been fulfilled.
5.2.3.6 Monitoring Summaries (regular and special monitoring)
a) All data on regular monitoring have been captured and will be published during the first quarter of 1997 (59 345 observations).
b) In the context of the special monitoring programme in the band 406-406.1 MHz (Resolution 205, WARC MOB-83) the observations from four administrations of the COSP AS/SARSAT system concerned 65 unauthorised emissions involving 57 administrations. Some 16 emissions ceased by the end of 1996.
5.2.3. 7 Maintenance of the Master International Frequency Register
a) At the end of 1996, the Master Register contained particulars of 1 211 275 assignments to terrestrial stations representing 5 580 720 line entries which are published in the International Frequency List at periodic intervals not exceeding six months. This publication is available only on CD-ROM.
b) For the space services at the same time the Master Register contained 324 083 assignments to 1406 satellite networks and 4262 Earth stations.
c) In accordance with Sections V and VI of Article 12 of the Radio Regulations, the Bureau carried out several reviews of selected bands of assignments recorded in the Master Register and effected necessary modifications to their Findings and/or the associated remarks in the different columns. This action was in response to certain decisions of administrative conferences. Additionally, the Bureau on its own initiative undertook a number of reviews to correct certain inconsistencies in the remarks contained in some columns of the Master Register.
5.2.4 Meetings and Conferences
5.2.4.1 Study Group Meetings
5.2.4.1.1 Study Group 1 (Spectrum Management)
a) Adequate preparation and organization of the meetings of Working Parties, Task Groups and Study Groups was ensured. Follow-up included verification of output documents and processing of the Chairmen's report.
b) Draft Revision of Recommendations ITU-R SM.668 on methods of exchanging computer programs and data for spectrum management purposes, and ITU-R. SM.856 on use of interference cancellers, screens and adaptive antennas and a draft new Recommendation on performance functions for digital modulation systems in an interference environment have been adopted and sent for approval "by correspondence".
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c) The draft Revision of Recommendation ITU-R SM.1046 on definitions of spectrum use and efficiency of a radio system, and draft new Recommendation on efficient spectrum utilisation using probabilistic methods, have been adopted for submission to the Radiocommunication Assembly for approval.
d) The Study Group adopted the texts of 7 draft new and 3 draft revised Recommendations, subject to the application of the consultation procedure.
e) Draft Revisions of Question 20411 and draft new Questions on Wireless Power Transmission and on Unwanted Emissions were adopted and it was agreed to apply the procedure of Resolution ITU-R1-1 for approval of Questions in the interval between Assemblies.
f) Tw·o Draft Decisions were approved: to establish Task Group TG 115 on unwanted emissions and the modification of Recommendation ITU-R SM.328-7 on spectra and bandwidth of emissions for the part concerning out-of-band emissions; and, to establish the WP 1B Rapporteurs' Group on Economic and Alternative Spectrum Management Issues.
g) Working Party lA contributed to the draft CPM report to WRC-97 on issues related to the revision of Appendix S7 and on "Adaptive MFIHF systems". Work was initiated on "Main parameters for an adaptive HF system" and on "Long term strategies for spectrum utilisation".
h) Working Party JB drafted a new Recommendation on "The effect on digital communications systems of interference from other modulation schemes" and decided to develop a report on spectrum economics and alternative spectrum management issues.
i) Working Party 1 C prepared draft new Recommendations on a "Method and procedure for determining the accuracy of direction finding bearings at monitoring stations" and on the "Minimum requirements for radio monitoring stations in the developing countries".
j) Task Group 113 finalised the studies on "Spurious emissions limitation through a revision of Recommendation ITU-R SM.329" (spurious emissions). Areas of difficulty in this work were:
• a more accurate definition of the necessary bandwidth, particularly in addressing multicarrier or multichannel transmitters or transponders~
• a proper way to separate the out-of-band emissions from spurious emissions;
• a clarification of broadband spurious emissions;
• a comprehensive study of out-of-band emissions.
k) In order to continue studies on out-of-band emissions, a draft new Question and a draft Decision to establish the new Task Group 115 was developed.
1) Task Group 1/4 developed Guidelines for electronic exchange of spectrum management information on the basis of a comprehensive radiocommunication data dictionary (RDD) and proposed a revision to Appendix S4 of the Radio Regulations to be transmitted to the Special Committee. The draft RDD is the first document to bring together descriptions of all individual data items; how they are grouped under common headings to qualify real-world entities (e.g. satellite), and their relationship within the context of spectrum management.
5.2.4.1.2 Study Group 3 (Radiowave propagation)
a) At a meeting of WP 3L, responses were prepared to respective WRC-97 items concerning HFBC, adaptive systems at MF/HF and spurious emissions. Revisions were prepared to Recommendations concerning HF prediction and measurement data comparison, and material was produced on the performance of digital modulation schemes at HF. Progress in two handbooks (concerning ionospheric propagation and operational forecasting) was reviewed and liaison statements to SG 10 were prepared on reliability and the reference receiving antenna.
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b) Parallel meetings of Working Parties 3J and 3M were held to facilitate progress in areas of common concern such as mapping of radiometeorological parameters and their use in prediction procedures. Ten Recommendations were revised, the most significant of which were those addressing attenuation by atmospheric gases, the evaluation of signal levels likely to cause interference, and propagation information for the determination of coordination distances. Many of these were of relevance to WRC-97 issues, for which nine responses were prepared for lead groups for CPM preparation. Further items of liaison were addressed mainly concerning sharing problems raised by Study Groups 7, 8 and 9.
c) Handbooks on Radiometeorology and Earth-space propagation were completed and published.
d) Considerable progress was made in the HF field strength measurement campaign with the installation of a receiving system in Trieste and three other systems dispatched to sites in developing countries. The Study Group has also continued to support BR's liaison with BDT on propagation issues in developing countries and tropical regions.
5.2.4.1.3 Study Group 4 (Fixed-satellite service)
a) Substantial progress was made by the Working Parties of Study Group 4 in preparation of contributions to the CPM-97 report on Fixed Satellite Service (FSS) and Inter-Satellite Service (ISS) matters. A valuable by-product was the creation and the preparation of 13 draft new Recommendations in response to the request by WRC-95 which are referenced in the text of the CPM Report. These draft Recommendations cover such important subjects as methodologies for deriving short-term interference criteria for GSO FSS carriers, NGSO FSS carriers, and NGSO MSS feeder link carriers, characteristics of GSO and NGSO FSS systems and NGSO MSS feeder link systems, frequency sharing between GSO and NGSO FSS systems and NGSO MSS feeder link systems, frequency sharing between NGSO FSS constellations, and suitable bands for operation of the ISS within the 50-70 GHz range.
b) Two draft new Recommendations on the general guidance for coordination of FSS networks in congested orbital arc segments and frequency bands, and the contributions to the SCRPM were prepared based on technical studies resulting from Resolution 18 (Kyoto, 1994).
c) Progress was also made in preparation of draft new Recommendations on topics including FSS/MSS sharing of the bands 19.7-20.2 GHz and 29.5-30 GHz, criteria in mask form for interference between TV/FM carriers, network management aspects for digital satellite systems forming part of SDH transport networks in the FSS, performance requirements for FSS systems operating above 15 GHz bands, performance requirements for the transmission of A TM traffic via satellite, digital transmission of HDTV via satellite for news gathering and outside broadcasting.
d) The preparation of the third edition of the ITU Handbook on satellite communications (FSS) took into account the evolution of techniques and technologies including digital modulation, error correction (FEC), LEO satellite systems, A TM and frequency coordination.
5.2.4.1.4 Study Group 7 (Science Services)
a) The Study Group adopted draft new Recommendations: "Frequency sharing between space research service extravehicular activity (EV A) links and fixed and mobile service links in the 410-420 MHz band"; and on "Protection of the radioastronomy service from unwanted emissions resulting from applications of wideband digital modulation" for approval by correspondence.
b) Three draft Recommendations were adopted for approval at the Assembly. Eight draft new and 20 draft revised Recommendations have been submitted for the consultation procedure.
c) Questions ITU-R 11117 and ITU-R 20617 were revised and three draft new Questions were adopted and sent for approval by correspondence.
d) All Working Parties prepared relevant texts for the CPM report, which were approved.
e) Working Party 7A prepared a preliminary draft new Question, three draft revised Recommendations and one preliminary draft Revision of Recommendation ITU-R TF.538-3 measures for random instabilities in frequency and time (phase). Preparation of the Handbook on the Selection and Use of Precise Frequency and Time Systems is in the final stage.
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f) Working Party 7B prepared draft new Recommendations on transmission of Space VLBI data and on sharing between the space research and other services. It was considered that the work of the Joint ad-hoc Group 7B-9D was complete and, as a result, 5 draft new Recommendations should be forwarded to the appropriate Working Party for adoption. As a consequence, Working Party 7B will assume responsibility for the two draft new Recommendations on Maximum permissible power flux-density levels from the space research, space operation and Earth exploration-satellite services at the surface of the Earth required to protect the fixed service in the bands 2025-2110 MHz and 2200-2290 MHz and on Criteria for data relay satellite networks to facilitate sharing with systems in the fixed service in the bands 2025-2110 MHz and 2200-2290 MHz.
g) Working Party 7C prepared 13 draft new Recommendations on Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) data transmissions (space to Earth) around 26 GHz; on EES and METSAT data transmissions (space to Earth) around 8 GHz; on passive sensors around· 60 GHz; on active sensors around 400 MHz, 1300 MHz, 5300 MHz and 95 GHz; on EES and METSAT data collection in the band 401-403 MHz; on meteorological aids around 400 MHz and 1700 MHz; and on frequency sharing of science services and the meteorological aids service near 400 MHz and 1700 MHz with the mobile satellite service.
h) Working Party 7D finalised draft new Recommendation on Protection of radio astronomy measurements above 60 GHz from ground-based interference for submission to SG 7.
i) Joint Working Party 7-8R examined sixteen different frequency bands for compatibility between active sensors and radiolocation/radionavigation systems and considered technical and operational characteristics of existing and planned systems. A draft new Recommendation entitled "Selection of Active Spacebome Sensor Emission Characteristics to Mitigate the Potential Interference to Terrestrial Radars Operating in Frequency Bands 1-10 GHz" was developed and submitted for Study Groups 7 and 8 consideration. A preliminary draft new Recommendation entitled "Protection Criteria for Stations in the Radiolocation Service from Emissions froih Active Spacebome Sensors in the Band 13.4-13.75 GHz" was also developed for further consideration.
5.2.4.1.5 Study Group 8 (Mobile Radiodetermination, Amateur and related Satellite Service)
a) Study Group 8 met in October and adopted 14 new and 11 revised Recommendations that were subsequ~~tly sent for approval by. correspondence. These Recommendations deal mainly with maritime, radiodetermination and mobile (including satellite) services.
b) · Substantive progress was achieved in the development of standards for International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT -2000). In particular, a new Recommendations was adopted containing the guidelines for the evaluation of radio transmission technologies for IMT-2000.
c) Volume 1 of the Handbook on Land Mobile Service on Wireless Access Local Loop was finalised and sent forward for publication. Progress was made on the preparation of the Handbook on Mobile-Satellite Communications.
d) In connection with the preparatory work for WRC-97, SG 8 prepared draft elements for the CPM Report covering maritime and mobile-satellite services issues.
5.2.4.1.6 Study Group 9 (Fixed service)
a) In preparation for January 1997 meeting of SG 9, Working Parties of SG 9 elaborated 10 draft new and revised Recommendations covering performance degradation due to interference from other services sharing frequency bands on a co-equal primary basis, RF channel arrangements for 1.5 and 2 GHz bands, technical guidance on radio local area networks (RLAN), and mathematical modelling of average antenna side lobes for use in certain sharing studies (WP 9D).
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b) In addition, a Joint Rapporteur Group of Working Parties 8D and 9D (JRG 8D-9D) on sharing between the mobilesatellite and fixed services below 3 GHz agreed on four draft new Recommendations, including one on reference bandwidth for the fixed service to be used in coordination with Mobile Satellite Service (MSS) for adoption by SG 9. Similarly, Joint ad hoc Group 7B-9D on sharing between space science services and the fixed service succeeded in drafting five draft new Recommendations for adoption by SG 9, three of them dealing with constraints on, or protection criteria for, the Fixed Service (FS).
c) Regarding preparatory work for CPM -97, SG 9 (WP 9B) prepared the draft report on the identification of suitable bands above 30 GHz for use by the fixed service for high-density applications. Jointly with SG 4, WP 4-9S prepared the text for the frequency sharing aspects between fixed and fixed-satellite services in certain bands (nonGSO FSS and non-GSO MSS feeder links). WP 9C established its correspondence group that prepared an input to WP lA on adaptive MF/HF systems. WP 9D was involved in various WRC-97 agenda items and the work was conducted through joint Rapporteur mechanisms, namely JRG 8D-9D for sharing between the FS and the MSS, and JRG of Study Groups 4, 7 and 9 for the 18.6-18.8 GHz issue.
d) The Handbook Group of SG 9 held its final meeting in March 1996. The English manuscript of this Handbook on digital radio-relay systems was finalised by correspondence and sent for translation into the French and Spanish working languages of the ITU. It is expected that the Handbook will be published by April 1997.
5.2.4.1.7 Study Group 10 (Broadcasting Service- Sound)
a) No meeting of Study Group 10 took place in the reporting period.
b) The first meeting of Working Party lOA, "Sound broadcasting at frequencies below 30 MHz and antennas for sound broadcasting", after its merger with Working Party lOD, concentrated on the finalisation of a Recommendation on LF-MF antennas, the revision of the Recommendation on Protection ratios and on SSB systems for HF broadcasting. Considerable activity is now related to digital broadcasting systems intended for AM bands.
c) Working Party JOB, "Sound broadcasting at frequencies above 30 MHz", progressed work on updating the Recommendation on Planning standards for FM sound broadcasting at VHF concerning synchronous FM network, on a System for multiplexing FM sound broadcasts with a subcarrier data channel having relatively large capacity for stationary and mobile reception; and on a draft new Report on "Terrestrial digital sound broadcasting (DSB)".
d) Working Party JOC, "Audio-frequency characteristics of sound broadcasting signals" continued work on a draft new Recommendation on Characteristics of multichannel audio coding, and on a draft new Recommendation on Parameters for multichannel sound recording: recommending the track allocations, recording characteristics and level alignment for the recording of multichannel stereophonic sound programme material. A test workplan was established in order to detail performance characteristics.
e) Task Group 1013, "Subjective sound assessment" made progress in the preparation of four draft new Recommendations on Methods for the subjective assessment of sound quality- A Guide to Existing Recommendations; on Methods for the subjective assessment of sound quality - general requirements; on Preselection methods for the subjective assessments of small impairments in the audio systems; and on Methods for the subjective assessment of audio systems with accompanying picture. Task Group 10/3 carefully considered the objectives based on the Questions assigned to the Group and considered that all the studies and the tasks mentioned above are completed and decided that the Task Group should be disbanded.
f) Task Group 10/4, "Objective perceptual audio quality assessment methods", concentrated its work on the establishment of the so called COLLABORATIVE MODEL for the development of a recommended analytical model for the objective assessment of audio quality particularly when small impairments are to be evaluated, combining the 6 models of the proponents into one program. A list of conditions for the validation test including both codec and non-codec artifacts was approved. A set of test signals with known perceptual properties was defined.
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g) Task Group 1015, "Technical parameters and planning procedures for HF broadcasting", prepared the report to the CPM -97. A copy of this report, accompanied by a liaison statement, was sent to the Special Committee for inclusion in the relevant text from this Committee and an additional copy was also sent to the Special Rapporteur for HF matters. The final Report contains a proposed Planning Procedure that is based on relevant elements from Article 17 and the Improved HFBC Planning System as extended by a coordination process which includes a compatibility analysis. No further meetings of Task Group 10/5 are planned.
5.2.4.1.8 Study Group 11 (Broadcasting service- Television)
a) No meeting of Study Group 11 took place in the reporting period, but white documents for the Study Group 11 meeting in 1997 are under preparation.
b) Working Party JJA, "Television systems and data broadcasting", approved the Teletext Handbook which has been a long-standing and substantial work item. Three draft new Recommendations were completed on Worldwide unified colorimetry and related characteristics of future television and imaging systems; on Studio parameters of 625 & 525 line progressive scan television systems and Relative timing of sound and vision for broadcasting. Revisions of other Recommendations were also carried out and work progressed on ISDB and enhanced SECAM. A Handbook on Teletext systems was also finally approved for publication in 1997.
c) Working Party liB, "Digital television source coding", defined a work plan for the production of Recommendations on Coding for multi-programme transmission, the preparation of a preliminary draft new Recommendation on Standards for bit-rate reduction coding systems, and the revision of the Recommendation on Studio encoding parameters of digital TV. New Questions were proposed on digital coding for multi-programme television and the use of computer technology in TV broadcasting applications.
d) Working Party 11 C, "Terrestrial television - ermss10n and planning parameters", concentrated on updating Protection ratio values for analogue and digital TV signals, the revision of the existing Recommendation on Ghost cancelling signals in order to converge toward a unique worldwide recommended system, digital terrestrial TV in bands above 1 GHz and interactive television.
e) Working Party liE, "Quality evaluation", prepared a revision of Recommendation ITU-R BT.500-7 to include the new single stimulus continuous quality evaluation method and derivation of the picture-content failure characteristics, the updating of processing of results of subjective assessment and their interpretation and presentation and a new procedure to measure the criticality of test sequences. Future work will be carried out by Special Rapporteurs in the areas of multi-programme TV quality assessment, perceptual models, etc.
f) Task Group 1111 "High-definition television for studio and international programme exchange" amended the Recommendation on Target standard for digital video systems for the studio and for international programme exchange. Task Group 1111 considered its work terminated after the development of 3 Recommendations in response to assigned Questions which are now proposed for transmission to Working Party liB. Further work on HDTV standards will, in fact, be carried out mainly in the digital domain under the competence of Working Party 11B. No further meetings of this Group are foreseen.
g) Task Group 1112, "Digital studio interfaces", produced a draft new Recommendation on Ancillary signals in digital video inteifaces and on 18 MHz clock digital video interfaces, and draft revisions of Recommendations on HDTV studio interfaces. Work will continue on optical interfaces, multi-programme multi-point routing systems, etc.
h) Task Group 11/3 "Digital terrestrial television broadcasting", completed the work on the Tutorial Report- A guide to digital terrestrial television broadcasting in the VHF/UHF bands which may eventually be published as a Handbook and completed work on the transport layer and service multiplex and the physical layer which includes channel coding, frame structures and modulation, and planning factors and implementation. Draft new Recommendations were prepared on Service multiplex, transport, and identification methods for digital te"estrial television broadcasting, on Error correction, data framing, modulation and emission methods for digital terrestrial television
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broadcasting and on Criteria required for planning digital terrestrial television services in the VHF/UHF television bands. Two Reports on Planning factors and implementation strategy and on Coverage studies and field trials were also adopted. The work of Task Group 1113 which has led to the issue of the first world-wide digital terrestrial TV standard is completed.
i) Joint Working Party 10-11R, "Recording for broadcasting", prepared draft new Recommendations on Telecine scanned area of 16 and 35 mm release film for 16:9 and 4:3 television, as well as on Recording of date information within the longitudinal time code track of a video recorded tape. Several Recommendations were revised on Recording of HDTV programmes on film, on Operating practices for digital television recording and on Standards for the international exchange of programmes on film for television use. Existing Questions were also amended to include the use of magneto-optical disks envisaged for international exchange of video and sound programmes, and a preliminary new Question was also prepared to study the use of CD-ROM programme material for television broadcasting.
j) Joint Working Party 10-1JS, "Satellite broadcasting", finalised the first draft of a report on procedural/regulatory matters to be sent to the Special Committee and a report on planning to be sent to the CPM-97.
k) As regards the preparations for WRC-97, draft new Recommendations were prepared on the Aggregate protection ratios for the revision of Appendices 30 and 30A Plans, on Reference improved antenna patterns for feeder-link transmitting earth and receiving space stations, and on Protection masks and interference calculation methods.
1) A draft new Recommendation was also prepared on Common functional requirements for the reception of digital multiprogramme television emissions by satellites operating in the ll/12GHz frequency range. This Recommendation constitutes an important step in converging towards a worldwide system. Through the proposed Recommendation of universal elements of a satellite Integrated Receiver Decoder (IRD) capable to receive and process the core functions of any of those systems today operating in several parts of the world.
m) A framework for a draft new Recommendation was prepared dealing with the sharing situation between BSS (sound) and mobile aeronautical telemetry systems.
n) A draft new Report on BSS systems for the 40.5-42.5 GHz band was prepared. This is the first report assessing the technical feasibility of systems in this band.
o) A draft new Question on Digital Sound Broadcasting was approved to address spectrum management issues now that studies are progressing towards the system implementation stage.
p) The Joint Steering Committee of Study Groups 10 and 11 discussed the broadcasters' attitude on activities related to the refinement of the T and R Sectors. The representation of the Broadcasting Unions and the WBU confirmed that the present arrangements to have ITU-R Study Groups 10 and 11 dealing also with broadcasting system standards was considered entirely satisfactory and that any decision to transfer this activity to the ITU-T Sector, as recently proposed by some, would result in a reduced participation of broadcasters in ITU activities. The JSC restated its commitment to the production of global broadcasting standards as invited by the World Broadcasting Union and the ITU-D Sector.
5.2.4.1.9 Special Committee
The Special Committee on Regulatory/Procedural Matters, which was created in 1995, held its first meetings in early 1996 (one meeting on the preparation for WRC-97 and another meeting on Resolution 18 (Kyoto, 1994). Five rapporteur groups were established in this respect, which worked mainly by correspondence. Appropriate arrangements were set up for such work (mailing list using both email and fax, posting of documents on the WWW/ITUDOCffiES, etc.). This resulted in treatment of more than 2000 pages without holding meetings. The preliminary reports, which were prepared by the Rapporteurs of each of the 5 Rapporteur groups in November 1996, were processed and, where practicable, dispatched to the administrations, in the preparation for the Special Committee meetings in January/February 1997.
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5.2.4.1.10 Meeting of Study Group Chairmen and Vice-Chairmen (CVC)
a) The annual meeting of the Radiocommunication Study Group Chairmen and Vice-Chairmen was held in· Geneva from 5 to 6 December 1996. Besides looking at the Study.Group meeting schedule for 1997 and the draft meeting schedule for 1998, this meeting also covered Study Group financial aspects and follow up of Resolutions adopted by the 1995 Radiocommunication Assembly in particular related to working methods.
b) The Radiocommunication Study Group Chairmen and Vice-Chairmen decided to organize their next meeting immediately after the World Radiocommunication Conference during the week of 24 November 1997.
5.2.4.2 Preparation for the CPM -97 meeting
The texts for Draft CPM report were prepared, by a group comprising the CPM Chairman and Vice-Chairman and Chapter Rapporteurs, Study Group, Working Party, and Task Group Chairmen from Study Groups 1, 7, 9 and 10, Working Parties lA, 4A, 7B, 7C, 8D, JWP 7-8R, and Task Group8/2, assisted by the staff of the Radiocommunication Bureau. The material was consolidated from texts developed by ITU-R Study Groups, Working Parties, and Task Groups, during their study of items from the agenda of WRC-97 as contained in Council Resolution 1086. The contents of the draft report follow the outline agreed to in CPM-96. The draft CPM report to WRC-97 has been circulated as Document CPM9711 and posted on the WWW. Two addenda (Addendum 1 and 2 to Document CPM97/l) based on the results of the January 1997 meetings of Study Groups 4 and 9 and the Special Committee have also been prepared by a Group of Chapter Rapporteurs under chairmanship of Mr. Taylor, Chairman, CPM.
5.2.4.3 Follow-up and preparation of conferences
5.2.4.3.1 Follow-up on Resolutions
5.2.4.3.1.1 Plenipotentiary Conference (Kyoto 1994)
Resolution 1
The Director has implemented the directives of that Resolution and has applied them in the management of the Bureau through the instrument of an operational plan ..
Resolution 14
The rules of procedures and processes in the Sector as laid down in Resolution ITU-R 1 and other instructions from the Assembly have been reviewed and appropriate modifications will be submitted to the Assembly.
Resolutions 15 and 39
The analytical study of the costs of ITU-R products and services has been concluded and submitted to the Secretary General for inclusion in the consolidated report under preparation for Council 1997.
Resolution 16
The matter of refinement of the Radiocommunication Sector and the Telecommunication Standardization Sector has . been considered at a meeting of the Joint Working Party of the Advisory Groups of the ITU-T and ITU-R Sectors in February 1996. The meeting, taking into account the current processes and activities, considered further elements for refining the structure and appropriate consequential action. A report was submitted to the World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (Geneva, 1996). That Conference, in its endeavour to carry forward the work associated with refinement, invited, in its Resolution 28, the two Directors to imtiate a consultation procedure through a Circular Letter (CA/39 of 30 October 1996) to the membership to elicit views on which Questions or part of ITU-R Questions could be candidates for transfer.
Resolution 17
The Director continued to support the Radiocommunication Advisory Group. For a detailed report on the present situation see § 5. 7.
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Resolution 18
a) The Special Committee on Regulatory/Procedural Matters studied those major problem areas which had been identified by the Working Group of the RAG in 1995 and its Report contains proposed solutions to the following vast variety of problems/issues: reservation of orbit capacity without actual use, administrative and financial "due diligence" procedures, regulatory time limits, international monitoring of space systems, un-coordinated use of orbit/spectrum resources, dispute resolution, role of Governments, system operators, the RRB and the BR, transfer of orbital locations/spectrum, efficient use of, and equitable access to, orbit/spectrum resources and Direct-to-Home (DTH) broadcasting.
b) ITU-R Study Groups have also studied the questions related to the Resolution 18 review and have made substantial contributions on various subjects. Their contributions were considered by the Special Committee and the results have been included in its Report.
c) The Resolution 18 review was also on the Agenda of the Radio Regulations Board meetings between June, 1995 and November 1996. In-depth discussions took place on the issues and the RRB established its report which was sent to the Director for inclusion in his Report to WRC-97. The Radiocommunication Bureau had also submitted its contribution to the review and, in addition, it provided general support (organizational and administrative) to the activities of the different bodies of the ITU-R Sector. The BR also organized, with the necessary partnership of regional organizations, regional fora (information exchange meetings) in the three ITU Radio Regulation Regions in 1996.
d) The final report of the Director to WRC-97, established on the basis of the above contributions of the Special Committee, the Radiocommunication Advisory Group, the Radio Regulations Board, the ITU-R Study Groups and the Regional Information Exchange Forums, is under preparation.
Resolutions 32 and 33
Under Resolution 32, information meetings were organized with the Palestinian Authority to examine the work related to radiocommunications and under Resolution 33, several studies were performed, in cooperation with the BDT, mainly related to the possible restructuring of the broadcasting system of the Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Resolutions 65 and 66
The matter of remote access to ITU-R data, documents and publications is regularly considered by the BR and by the RAG and all efforts are made to make such data and documents available within an established ITU policy and the resources available.
5.2.4.3.1.2 WRC-95
Resolution 71
This Resolution concerning application of Article 25 (S 19) was forwarded to ICAO and IMO. Appropriate comments, including BR contributions, were submitted to SG8 (WP 8B) and to the SC. Results of the studies were communicated to the CPM-97 with a view to including them in the report to WRC-97.
Resolution 339
This Resolution on frequency coordination for NA VTEX was forwarded to IMO which expressed its readiness to take over all the functions described in this Resolution. An appropriate procedure is needed to cover the necessary practical arrangements and the necessary liaison between IMO and BR regarding such items as services in adjacent bands.
Resolution 531
See § 5.2.4.3.2 (page 39).
Resolution 713
This Resolution on the transfer of certain operational provisions to IMO and ICAO was forwarded to ICAO and IMO. Both ICAO and IMO expressed their willingness to participate in the study. The IMO already made clear its position that it "sees no reason to change the present arrangements".
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5.2.4.3.2 Follow-up actions on the decisions of the WRC-95
Entry into force of the Final Acts of WRC-95 (Appendix S4)
The provisions of Appendix S4 entered into force on 1 January 1997. This necessitated a review of the associated notice forms to be used by Administrations for the coordination and notification of earth and space stations. This review was undertaken in conjunction with the development of a PC based system to allow the electronic submission of filings to the Bureau and for interchange of such information between Administrations. Two BR Circular Letters (CR/58 and CR/65) providing a detailed description of the data capture system and its associated data formats (for the submission of both alphanumeric and graphical information) as well as the revised Appendix S4 notice forms were issued late in 1996.
Resolution 46
In application of the interim procedures for the coordination and notification of frequency assignments of geostationary and non-geostationary satellite networks in certain space services as well as other services to which the bands are allocated, 90 Special Sections in RES.46/A and B series (advance publications) and 50 Special Sections in the RES.46/C and D series (coordinations) were published.
Resolution 531
a) Circular-letter CR/50 of 29 February 1996 provides an overview of actions taken or to be taken by the Bureau for the implementation of the above-mentioned Resolution with respect to the Planning Exercises to be carried out by the Bureau.
b) Step 1 of these exercises (modification of the existing Plan on the basis of new technical parameters) and Step 2, (to provide plan entries for "new" ITU Member countries (including those administrations in the Plan which have administratively or geographically changed with respect to their situation at the time of the Conference) and for countries having less than the minimum number of channels) have been finalised with the data currently available. As some of the data is subject to modification (some networks are concluding different parts of the Appendix 30/30A procedures, others are under continuing consultation), these two steps will be further reviewed before the Conference. The merged files containing assignments in the plan file resulting from the application of requests for modification to the Plans (the Feeder-link 17 and 14 GHz and the BSS 12 GHz Plans) appear on TIES since mid of March 1996
c) For Planning Exercises Step 3, (to take into account, as far as possible, Article 4 modifications), an initial approach is under discussion.
d) To carry out the Planning Exercises and in the absence of the required budgetary resources (staff), the Bureau had to mainly rely on the assistance to be provided by administrations in the form of periodical participation of their experts in the planning exercises. To this effect, a Planning Exercise Team was set up. This team is composed of representatives from the Bureau and experts from administrations, broadcasting satellite operators and international organizations. These experts participate, in their own individual capacity, in meetings organized to support the Bureau's planning exercise work. Four meetings have been held in Geneva from 4 to 8 of March 1996, 20 to 24 May 1996, 16 to 20 September 1996 and 2 to 6 December 1996. Further meetings are schedules for 7-10 April 1997 and 8-12 September 1997.
e) In order to provide full transparency on the activities of the Bureau on the implementation of Resolution 531 and to establish full cooperation with administrations, regional organizations and broadcasting satellite service providers, the Director established a BSS Planning Consultation Group for the activities in question with the objective of monitoring and advising on:
• the activities carried out by the Bureau including the Planning Exercise Team;
• the progress being made on the implementation of the respective steps of the Planning Exercises;
• guidelines for the timely achievement of the objectives set forth in Resolution 531.
f) Both representatives from Member States and Sector Members were participating in the consultation group. One meeting of this Group was held in Geneva 23-25 September 1996 at which the results of Step 1 and Step 2 of the Planning Exercises were discussed. The Group provided advice on the minimum number of channels to be used in Region 3, the application of Appendix 30 parameters for category of Article 4 submissions and the application of the rain zone adjustment to the 5 dB, e.i.r.p. reduction downlink.
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5.2.4.3.3 Preparation for WRC-97
A very heavy work programme has been placed on the Bureau as well as on administrations by the agenda for WRC-97. The Bureau analysed the resulting post conference work and identified the following non-exhaustive list of main tasks for the Bureau :
o planning exercises for AP30/30A in accordance with Resolution 531 (see§ 5.2.4.3.2 above);
o support of studies in Task Group 10/5 on alternative planning procedures for HFBC (Resolution 530) and appropriate testing;
o preparation of a final report on activities related to Resolution 18;
o organize, support and report on results of studies on sharing possibilities in various bands;
o studies concerning the identification of stations (Resolution 71).
Discussions have been initiated on a possible structure for the Conference.
5.2.5 Radio Regulations Board
a) The Members of the Radio Regulations Board were elected during the Plenipotentiary Conference (Kyoto, 1994). In 1996, the composition of the Board was the following:
Mr. Henry Kieffer Chairman Switzerland
Mr. Joao C.F. Albernaz Vice-Chairman Brazil
Mr. Thormod B~e Member Norway
Mr. Makoto Miura Member Japan
Mr. Gerald L. Mutti Member Zambia
Mr. Ryszard G. Struzak Member Poland
Mr. Valery Timofeev Member Russian Federation
Mr. Kouakou J-B Yao Member Cote d'Ivoire
Mr. Sanbao Zhu Member China
b) For 1997, the Board elected Mr. Albe.rnaz as Chairman and Mr. Timofeev as Vice-Chairman.
c) During the four meetings held in 1996, it developed input to the studies under Resolution 18, and agreed on amendments to the Rules of Procedure on various aspects of AP30/30A, Resolution 46, Resolution 118, etc.
d) The Rules of Procedure were published in Circular-letter CR/48 of 16 February 1996 with the Rules of Procedure concerning the application of RR2674 and the treatment of former assignments in the Plans not reflecting the current administrative and geographical situation. Further Circular-letters CR/59 and CR/60 oflO October 1996 and 12 December 1996 dealt with revisions to the Rules of Procedure related to Appendix 30 and Appendix 30A.
5.2.6 The Radiocommunication Advisory Group
The Radiocommunication Advisory Group (RAG) held its fourth meeting from 19-23 February 1996 in association with the TSAG. The meeting reviewed the outcome of the Radiocommunication Assembly and WRC-95, but put considerable emphasis on the review of the ITU-R working methods, its input to the Resolution 18 studies and the coordination between Sectors. The group expressed concern on the extensive agenda for WRC-97 and its impact on BR and membership resources and suggested to take due care to have balanced and "practicable" future agendas. In reviewing the ITU-R working methods, the RAG advised that more effective and expeditious processes should be found for the approval of Recommendations, following which the duration of Assemblies might be shortened. Possible structural changes in the attribution of some standardisation work between ITU-T and ITU-R were discussed in a joint meeting of RAG and TSAG. The RAG received with satisfaction the 1996 Operational Plan and endorsed it.
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5.2. 7 1996 Council
The Council provided additional resources for the Radiocommunication Bureau to deal with the backlog in the processing of space radiocommunication notices. The Bureau used these resources to reinforce its staff in these areas (see also § 5.2).
5.2.8. Special projects and studies
5.2.8.1 Technical assistance, Seminars, cooperation with other Sectors
a) The Radiocommunication Bureau studied, under the relevant provisions of the Radio Regulations and regional or world-wide agreements, numerous requests for assistance received from administrations in both the Terrestrial and Space Radiocommunication domains and the requested assistance was rendered with high priority. Forty such cases were treated in relation to space matters and 35 for terrestrial matters, which correspond to 4 person months.
b) In addition to assistance cases requested under specific radio regulatory provisions, other types of assistance matters were also handled. The Bureau has rendered assistance to bilateral space systems coordination meetings, as well as assistance in space matters in the form of meetings/ training missions to administrations.
c) The biennial regular BR Seminar was organized at the ITU Headquarters between 25 and 29 November 1996. In addition, regional seminars and, in a limited number of cases, seminars on specific issues (space or earth station coordination, maritime radiocommunications,·etc.) took place outside the ITU Headquarters.
d) The Bureau paid particular attention to the work of ITU-D SGs 1 and 2, and has drawn attention to those topics covered by ITU-R Questions of special interest to developing countries. The development.of Handbooks by ITU-D has been closely followed, with BR identifying those handbooks currently under preparation in ITU-R SGs of relevance to ITU-D's studies. Collaboration has also been maintained in the area of propagation.
5.2.8.2 Relations with regional and international organizations
a) The Bureau liaises closely with regional telecommunication organizations such as CITEL, CEPT, APT, etC". Close liaison is also maintained with the major broadcasting Unions such as ABU, as regards planning software and exchange of technical information and with the BDT in the field of spectrum management for developing countries. In particular, assistance and professional expertise was provided to the BDT in organizing a seminar on frequency planning and spectrum management for broadcasting services requested by the ABU. The course included a module on spectrum management carried out in a distance-learning mode (through e-mail).
b) The Bureau, in conjunction with BDT, continues its strong connections with the International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) at Trieste which has, as its principal objective, the advancement of science and engineering in developing countries. A BR counsellor undertook missions to ICTP (within the framework of an MOU between ITU and ICTP) which involves counselling and consultation with visiting scientists and engineers from developing countries. Consultations focus on specialised projects of relevance to the country concerned, with topics frequently relating to spectrum management and propagation. ICTP was also involved with various training projects with BDT, in collaboration with BR.
c) The Bureau continued to monitor the activities of URSI and to stimulate liaison between ITU-R SGs and URSI Commissions in topics of mutual interest. In a similar way, the Bureau followed closely those COST Projects of relevance to the work of ITU-R SGs.
d) The Radiocommunication Bureau took an active part in the work of the Scientific and Technical Sub-Committee and the Legal Sub-Committee of the United Nations' Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (UN -COPUOS). The Legal Sub-Committee of the COPUOS had on its agenda questions on the character and utilisation of the geostationary orbit and the definition and delimitation of outer space. The common understanding of the UN Committee members was that the GSO, because of its specific characteristics and features and its nature of being a limited natural resource, requires scientific, technical, political, and strategic considerations by the United Nations but these considerations should not lead to conflicting regulations in the different fora of the UN family. The role of
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the ITU in the domain of regulating space activities and the use of the GSO, in particular, has been recognised and it is admitted that the treaty making activities of the UN should be complementary to the activities of the ITU and without prejudice to the role of the ITU. To further assist its activities, the 1996 session of the COPUOS requested a substantial input documentation describing the ITV' s "legal regime" concerning space related Regulations. The Radiocommunication Bureau prepared and made available to the COPUOS this documentation.
5.2.8.3 Software development/EDP support
a) The strategy and plans to migrate existing software to the new ITU operating system and software platform (reviewed in 1994) in view of the cost and consequences for the work of the BR continued to be implemented with the aim to try to complete the migration of all software application systems in the Radiocommunication Bureau by the end of 1998. Regular meetings were held with the Information Services Department of the General Secretariat to align software development strategies and coordinate the use of development tools.
b) The migration of the application software for the processing of space notifications proceeded. While the Bureau is still confident that that date can be met, only marginal effort was deployed in 1996 to migrate the operational mainframe space notification system to the new environment. However, a facility was provided to access the reformatted space database through the WWW. In order to accommodate the increasing volume and complexity of space notices, priority was given to developing software for electronic notifications on PC workstations. The software will enable administrations and allow the Bureau to capture, validate and correct space notices on a PC and the BR to accept such electronic notifications from administrations. The use of this system by administrations for local data capture and inquiry may facilitate not only the preparation of the electronic notices to the Bureau, but also the easy exchange of information between administrations.
c) Intensive effort was devoted to the modification of the MSPACE(G) software in order to include algorithms provided by Study Groups (Working Party lO-llS) and new functions were added to the Space Network System (SNS) upgrading the technical examination programs.
d) The development of a new frequency management system for the terrestrial services (TerRaSys) progressed. The reformatting of all terrestrial data into the new structure is almost complete and the development of processing software for FM/TV notices has started. Work has also started on the development of an inquiry package.
e) Standard office hard and software for use in the Bureau was provided in cooperation with the Information Services Department. Most workstations are now equipped with PCs fully meeting all operational requirements and capable of operating in a client-server network environment. A technical assistant has been engaged to ensure adequate operational support for the 188 PC workstations in the Bureau.
5.2.9 Publications
5.2.9.1 Regulatory publications
The following publications resulting from the application of the Radio Regulations were prepared:
o 50 Weekly Circulars on paper, microfiche and diskette;
o 12 HF broadcasting Tentative Schedules, on diskettes;
o 2 IFL on CD-ROM;
o 2 SRS (Space Radiocommunication Systems) on CD-ROM;
o 1 edition and 1 update to the Preface to the IFL and WIC;
o 1 Terrestrial Plans on CD-ROM.
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5.2.9.2 Service documents
The following service documents are described in the Radio Regulations. In 1996 the Bureau published:
• List IV (List of coast stations) two supplements (273 pages)
• List V (List of ship stations) one full edition (2853 pages) and three supplements (733 pages)
• List VI (List of radiodetermination and three supplements( 157 pages) special services)
• List VIIA (List of call signs) four supplements (749 pages)
• List VIIB (List of call signs) two supplements (22 pages)
5.2.9.3 ITU-R Recommendations, Resolutions and Opinions
a) 187 Recommendations, in total 7049 pages in French, English and Spanish were processed. 63 fascicles are available for sale. 537 drawings in electronic format were prepared for Handbooks, new and modified Recommendations. All of the ITU-R Recommendations in force and published are now available on-line in both Win Word and Postscript formats and are now available for sale through the Electronic Bookshop. The English pdf version of all ITU-R Recommendations have been created. These will be posted on the Web in January/February 1997. The French and Spanish versions will follow in March/ April. All the files in pdf and WW2 format are availabte: for the English CD-ROM of ITU-R Recommendations. A first version of that CD-ROM will be available in early 1997. The list of Recommendations has been incorporated in Publibase which is automatically updated: online. Compilation and editing of the paper version was completed. The English, French and Spanish versions will be published in January 1997.
b) The reference database for all ITU-R Opinions, Questions, Recommendations, Reports and Resolutions in force (in English, French, Spanish) was updated. Extracts from these databases are being used to respond to customer inquires. Checking. of the ITU-R elements of the catalogue was completed.
5.2.9.4 Radio Regulations
a) Volume 4 of the Radio Regulations containing Articles SS, S21, S22 and Appendix S4 which entered into force on 1 January 1997, as well as Resolutions and Recommendations of the WRC-95 (new and revised), was published.
b) The processing of the input document for WRC-97 comprising a complete set of the simplified Radio Regulations has been started. This document (about 1600 pages, A4 format) will include all texts considered for the new simplified RR to be published in 1998, i.e. all the S regulatory provisions appearing in the Final Acts of WRC-95, all the non-revised texts of Volumes 1 (Articles) and 2 (Appendices) of the RR in force, as well as all the Resolutions and Recommendations (including those of WRC-95). A further annexed Volume, containing ITU-R Recommendations considered to be incorporated in the RR by reference will also be prepared.
5.2.9.5 Manuals and Handbooks
a) The new edition of the Manual for the use by the Maritime Mobile and Maritime Mobile-Satellite Services was prepared and published. This edition contains new and updated ITU-R and ITU-T recommendations, as well as the revised regulatory provisions relevant to the maritime services.
b) Seven ITU-R Handbooks were published. The Handbook on "The selection and use of precise frequency systems" developed by Working party 7 A is in its final stage of preparation in the three languages in the Secretariat.
c) The Handbook on subjective assessment methodology in television was published. Handbooks on HF broadcasting system design and LF/MF broadcasting system design are under preparation.
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5.3 Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T)
5.3.1 Introduction
The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference took place in Geneva from 9 to 18 October 1996 (see Section 4.3, page 6). The activities of the study groups were therefore dedicated to the finalization of the reports to be submitted to the Conference.
5.3.2 World Telecommunication Standardization Conference
See section 4.3 (page 6) "World Telecommunication Standardization Conference 1996 (WTSC-96)" of this report.
5.3.3 Study Groups and the Telecommunication Standardization Advisory Group
The following sections are on the activities of study groups in accordance with the structure in force prior to WTSC-96 and on activities carried on up to the end of the year. The list of study group meetings held in 1996 is to be found in Table 1. Details on the participation to these meetings are indicated in Table 2.
5.3.3.1 Study Group 1 (Service definition) -Chairman: Mr. M. Israel (Canada)
a) In its last year of existence, Study Group 1 had a busy year during which it prepared 36 new and revised Recommendations.
b) The operational requirements of the international freephone service were updated to complement the new Study Group 2 Recommendation on Universal International Freephone Numbers (UIFN). In the area of the facsimile service, new operational Recommendations were prepared for store-and-forward fax, a fax database service and Group 4 facsimile. New recommendations to define the framework for audiovisual/multimedia services, videophone service on the public switched telephone network and multimedia conferences services were completed. Ten new recommendations covering ISDN supplementary services were developed and the operational provisions for the maritime mobile service were updated to reflect new developments in mobile services.
c) The WTSC-96 decided to discontinue the activities of Study Group 1 and transfer the major part of its work programme on service issues to Study Group 2. The remaining Questions on message handling, data services, directory services and audiovisual/multimedia services were transferred to Study Groups 7, 8 and 16 respectively.
5.3.3.2 Study Group 2 (Network operation)Chairman: Mr. G. Gosztony (Hungary)
a) The most challenging aspects of the work of Study Group 2 during 1996 was in the area of numbering. The pressure of new technical developments, political boundary changes, new services and the advent of new mobile satellite system service providers all resulted in demands on international numbering resources.
b) In Recommendations E.164 and E.165 it is stipulated that at time "T" (31 December 1996, 2359 hours Coordinated Universal Time) all switches and networks should have the capability to handle international telephone numbers with a maximum length of 15 digits (up from 12 digits). An extensive awareness project, including press articles in specialized telecommunication journals, a TSB Circular and other action was taken to stimulate worldwide awareness of this event. International numbering codes were assigned, on a shared basis per E.164 country code, to Global Mobile Satellite System (GMSS) service providers. Guidelines to permit carrier selection in telephone dialling procedures were initiated.
c) Study Group 2 was allocated 9 Questions from the former Study Group 1 on service-related subjects by WTSC-96, following the discontinuation of Study Group 1.
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5.3.3.3 Study Group 3 (Tariff and accounting principles) -Chairman: Mr. B. Rouxeville (France)
a) In May 1996. Study Group 3 devoted its efforts to developing Questions to be studied during the years 1997-2000. It decided also to revise its work programme in order to adapt to the changing environment by broadening the discussion to economic and policy issues. in addition to international charging and accounting. Study Group 3 also developed several tariff recommendations on new services such as Home Country Direct. Frame Relaying services or Signalling System No. 7.
b) As regard Resolution 21 of the Plenipotentiary Conference (Kyoto. 1994) on the alternative calling procedures. the first objectives fixed by Study Group 3 have been achieved and. a resolution was proposed to the Council 96. However. the study on this item will continue in the next study period.
c) WTSC-96 changed the general area of responsibility of Study Group 3 from "Tariff and accounting principles" to "Tariff and accounting principles including related telecommunications economic and policy issues" and appointed a new Chairman. Mr. T. Matsudairia (Japan).
d) The first Study Group 3 meeting (11-15 November 1996) of the new study period took important decisions concerning the structure. working methods and the work programme. Three working parties were set up as follows:
• Working Party 1 (Policy related group)
• Working Party 2 (Telephone services and reform of accounting rate system)
• Working Party 3 (Data services and newly emerging services)
e) For the reform of the accounting rate system. Study Group 3 recognized that the present methods of remuneration require substantial reform but, at the same time. it recognized also the importance of achieving quickly the cost orientated accounting rates. Study Group 3 will examine. in priority. the measures to facilitate the implementation of Recommendation D.140 in order to achieve these cost oriented accounting rates.
5.3.3.4 Study Group 4 (Network maintenance) -Chairman: Mr. J. Shrimpton (USA)
a) The study on the '.'Telecommunication Management Network" (TMN) has been scattered. primarily.~,.~n four different study groups (Study Groups 4, 7. 11 and 15). TSAG proposed and WTSC-96 agreed to transfer all related TMN Questions (except some from Study Group15) from them and centralize the study in Study Group 4. This explains the new general area of responsibility of the study group. "TMN and network maintenance". Since the last reporting to the Council, the study group and its five working parties met only once. covering two weeks. in the first meeting (25 November-6 December 1996) of the new study period (1997-2000). This meeting was chaired by the new Chairman. Mr. D. Sidor (United States). appointed by WTSC-96. Main issues dealt with were as follows:
Under network and system maintenance:
• Designations in international networks
• Maintenance of switched international circuit (telephone. ISDN and B-ISDN)
• Common Channel Signaling maintenance
• Assessment of network performance and exchange of information
Under performance and test equipment:
• Maintenance of leased and supporting networks
• Maintenance of digital transport networks
• Test and measurement techniques and equipments
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Under the study on TMN:
o TMN common capabilities (e.g. methodology, F-interface, X-interface, etc.)
o TMN resources and service capabilities (e.g. OSI system management, network level management, information modeling, etc.)
o TMN applications and protocol capabilities (e.g. OAM at F, Q3 and X-interfaces, remote operation of management applications, managed object definitions, etc.)
b) WTSC-96 also approved that Study Group 4 be the Lead Study Group for the study of TMN.
5.3.3.5 Study Group 5 (Protection against electromagnetic environment)Chairman: Mr. G. Meineri (Italy)
a) During the study period 1993-1996, Study Group 5 distributed its studies in 3 working parties: Working Party 1 (High frequency compatibility), Working Party 2 (Compatibility with electricity lines, Working Party 3 (Resistibility, protection components, lightning, earthing).
b) In January 1996, Study Group 5 and its working parties held a one-week meeting. Following the decision at the meeting, 3 new recommendations as well as 2 revised recommendations were put to vote under Resolution 1 procedure and approved on 8 May. Furthermore, 5 new recommendations and 3 revised as well as the deletion of 4 recommendations were approved by approval by WTSC-96. Concerning the Handbooks, work on revisions of the Directives, Lightning Protection, as well as on new Handbooks on Measurement, and on Earthing and bonding of telecommunications installations, continued.
c) After WTSC-96, the new study period started with 10 revised (or merged) Questions, and 3 new Questions: on Human safety related to operating voltages and currents, on Radio-frequency effects on telecommunication voice terminals (common Question with Study Group 12), and on Human safety from electromagnetic field exposure. The latter should be studied in collaboration with WHO through its International Electric and Magnetic Fields (EMF) Project.
d) The first meeting of Study Group 5 after WTSC-96 was held from 2 to 6 December. The meeting created three working parties: Working Party 1 (Overvoltage protection and earthing), Working Party 2 (Emission and immunity requirements for equipment), Working Party 3 (Human safety, power interference and EMI mitigation techniques). Rapporteurs for the Questions, and Liaison Representatives with CIGRE, CISPR, UIC, IEC, WHO, CENELEC, were appointed.
5.3.3.6 Study Group 6 (Outside plant)Chairman: Mr. K. Nikolsky (Russia)
a) During the period study 1993-1996, Study Group 6 distributed its studies in three working parties: Working Party 1 (Copper cable technologies and environmental protection issues), Working Party 2 (Installation and maintenance of optical fibre cables), Working Party 3 (Optical fibre cable construction and passive optical devices).
b) In 1996, Study Group 6 and its working parties held a one-week meeting in March. WTSC-96 approved 14 new Recommendations submitted by Study Group 6. Work continued on updates of Handbook on Optical Fibre Cables, and Handbook on Computer Application to Outside Plant. Drafting work advanced on the Handbook on Protection against Fire, and Handbook on Marinized Terrestrial Cables.
c) After WTSC-96, the new study period started with 10 revised Questions and 3 new Questions: on Power supply for outside plant, on Trenchless techniques for underground infrastructures, and on Access facilities using hybrid fibre/copper networks.
d) WTSC-96 appointed a new Study Group 6 Chairman, Mr. L. Molleda (Spain) and instructed Study Group 6 to appoint the Vice-Chairman at the first meeting of Study Group 6 (to be held in February 1997), in agreement with the TSB Director.
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5.3.3.7 Study Group 7 (Data networks and open system communications)Chairman: Mr. H.V. Bertine (USA)
a) Study Group 7 held its final meeting in April 1996. Some rapporteur groups held interim meetings after the final meeting of Study Group 7 in order to progress work. In 1996, 83 draft X -Series Recommendations were approved and 3 existing recommendations were deleted by letter ballot. In addition, Recommendation X. 744 was approved byWTSC-96.
b) Study Group 7 is at a transition point in its work programme since much of its work has reached maturity. The work on circuit-switched data networks-has already been brought to its natural conclusion. The work on packet-switched data networks has reached its 20th anniversary. Extensions to cover frame relay and ATM aspects are expected to be completed in 1997. Likewise, the work on OSI is wrapping up with the set of revisions planned for approval in 1997. The largest area of work (responsible for 20% of texts) - systems management - is proposed for transfer to another study group to consolidate TMN work. In contrast, there are just a few topics where- work is increasing. Open Distributed Processing (ODP) is ramping up with a considerable work plan. Multicast and data compression are two areas where work is in the early stages. This study group is designated by WTSC-96 as Lead Study Group on ODP, Frame Relay and for Communication Systems Security.
5.3.3.8 Study Group 8 (Terminals for telematic services)Chairman: Mr. W. Staudinger (Germany)
a) Study Group 8 held its final meeting in February 1996. Several interim meetings of rapporteur groups met after that meeting to progress the work.
b) In 1996, 13 draft T -Series Recommendations were adopted and 2 existing recommendations were deleted by letter ballot. In addition, WTSC-96 approved 10 T -Series Recommendations and deleted 9 existing texts.
c) By decision of WTSC-96, the general area of responsibility of this study group was changed from "Terminals for telematic services" to "Characteristics of telematic systems." The Conference also designated Study Group 8 as Lead Study Group on Facsimile.
5.3.3.9 Study Group 9 (Television and sound transmission) -Chairman: Mr. J.L. Tejerina Garcia (Spain)
a) In 1996, Study Group 9 and its working parties met from 25 to 29 March 1996, and Working Party 119 held an interregnum meeting on 18-21 November 1996.
b) During the Study Group 9 meeting of 25-29 March 1996, 1 revised and 2 new recommendations were approved in the areas of transport of MPEG-2 constant bit-rate television signals, digital transmission of high quality soundprogramme signals, and terminology. One new and 3 revised recommendations, in the areas of interactive television services, cable television and digital transmission of contribution-quality component-coded signals were forwarded to WTSC-96 for approval. Seven new recommendations were drafted in the areas of electronic programme guides, distribution of PALplus signals, performance testing, guidelines for point-to-point transmission of television signals, subjective assessment of sound quality in digital audio transmission, use of non-homogeneous and hybrid networks for distribution of television signals.
c) During the Working Party 1/9 meeting of 18-21 November 1996, 3 new and 3 revised recommendations were "determined" for the approval process in the areas of interactive television services, electronic programme guides, guidelines for point-to-point transmission of television signals, cable television transmission, SMATV distribution, and terminology. Eight new and 1 revised recommendations were progressed in the areas of performance testing, service information, enhanced television signals, MPEG-compressed televis~on signals, conditional access, hybrid links, non-homo'geneous networks, and quality and measurements of digital television transmission. WTSC-96 gave to Study Group 9 the responsibility for the maintaining of the N-Series Recommendations: "Maintenance:intemational sound-programme and television transmission circuits", in addition to its responsibility for the J -Series Recommendations.
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5.3.3.10 Study Group 10 (Languages for telecommunication applications)Chairman: Mr. O.F. Faergemand (Denmark)
a) In 1996 Study Group 10 held one meeting. Besides, experts groups held three meetings in different locations. The subjects covered were:
o corrections to Recommendation Z.lOO (Specification and Description Languages- SDL);
o SDL and ASN.l;
o Common Interface Format;
o Formal Description Techniques (FDTs);
o Message Sequence Charts (MSCs);
o Graphic GDMO (Guidelines for the Definitions of Managed Objects);
o HMI (Human Machine Interface) data for GDMO/ASN.l Management Information Model.
b) Formal liaisons have been established between Study Group 10 and external fora (e.g. OMG, NMF, etc.).
c) Study Group 10 proposed and WTSC-96 agreed to a new general area of responsibility for for the Study Group: "Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems". This was done to reflect clearly the subjects to be covered in the study period 1997-2000. In addition, WTSC-96 appointed Mr. Amardeo Sarma (Germany) as the new Chairman. Thirteen Questions were proposed for adoption in WTSC-96 with success. WTSC-96 approved 2 new and 4 revised Recommendations, covering SDL, FDT and MSC as subjects.
5.3.3.11 Study Group 11 (Switching and signalling) -Chairman: Mr. S. Kano (Japan)
a) Study Group 11 held its fifth meeting of the study period. Like the previous meetings this fifth meeting was also of a three week duration due to the large size of the study group and its work activities. Numerous rapporteur meetings were also held. 25 draft new and 12 revised recommendations were submitted for ballot approval by the Study Group 11 meeting in February 1996. These recommendations were approved and have become official ITU-T recommendations. New Questions were drafted by the study group and submitted to WTSC-96 for approval. Nineteen new Questions were approved by WTSC-96 for the 1997-2000 study period. Study Group 11 has also been desginated by WTSC-96 as Lead Study Group on Intelligent Network and FPLMTS (IMT -2000).
b) Formal communication was established with the ATM Forum and informal communication with DA VIC was continued.
c) Study Group 11 will continue its established reputation in the world as centre of excellence in this work for telephone, N-ISDN, B-ISDN, UPT, mobile and multimedia communications.
5.3.3.12 Study Group 12 (End-to-end transmission performance of networks and terminals) -Chairman: Mr. P. Lorand (France)
a) Study Group 12 had only one meeting, which was the last of the 1993-1996 study period, in Geneva, from 6 to 15 May 1996. This meeting approved 6 new and 8 revised recommendations and proposed to initiate the Resolution 1 Section 8 approval procedure for 2 new and 1 revised recommendations.
b) Study Group 12 proposed and WTSC-96 agreed the new work program for the study period 1997-2000, with 21 study Questions. WTSC-96 appointed Mr. M. Cao (China) as Chairman of the Study Group. The general area of responsibility remains unchanged.
c) The subjects studied by Study Group 12 can be divided into three groups:
o telephonometry and terminals,
o subjective and objective assessment,
o transmission performance and planning.
d) In order to prepare the new study period, the rapporteurs groups and the Speech Quality Experts Group (SQEG) continued the work mainly by correspondence, with a final meeting with Question 18/12 in September 1996.
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5.3.3.13 Study Group 13 (General network aspects)Chairman: Mr. B.W. Moore (United Kingdom)
a) Study Group 13 and its working parties held one formal meeting, several rapporteurs meetings took place in different locations. Some 24 new and revised recommendations have been approved. These recommedations deal, inter-alia, with B-ISDN implementation, resource management, customer access, performances, interworking and the use of satellite transmission medium in the framework of ISDN.
b) The Intersector Coordination Group on satellite matters worked by correspondence and WTSC-96 decided to continue the activities of this group.
c) The Joint Rapporteur,s Group on Global Information Infrastructure (JRG on GII) met four times under the leadership of Study Group 13, making substantial progress in identifying the standardization programme for the GII and developing draft Recommendations on frameworks, scenarios, terminology and general GII overview. Work items to support the GII standardization programme have been included in the Questions of many study groups and the ideas of GII programme/projects have been established.
d) WTSC-96 designated this study group as Lead Study Group on General Network Aspects, Global Information Infrastructure (GII) and Broadband ISDN.
5.3.3.14 Study Group 14 (Modems and transmission techniques for data, telegraph and telematic services)- Chairman: Mr. K. Kern (Germany)
a) During the study period 1993-1996, Study Group 14 distributed its studies in two working parties: Working Party 1 (DCEs and terminal adaptors), Working Party 2 (Telegraph/data muldexes and transmission equipment).
b) In 1996, Study Group 14 and its working parties held a 7 -day meeting in March. Rapporteur Groups of Working Party 1 held several meetings during the year in different places. Following the decisions of the Study Group 14 meeting held in March, several new recommendations were put to vote under Resolution 1 procedure and approved on 16 August. Regarding some of these recommendations, a non-ITU-T member organization had claimed intellectual property rights which it could not openly license. However, careful discussion between that organization and the members of Study Group 14 enabled, at the last moment, to make that organization change the patent statement in conformity with the TSB Patent Policy.
c) Further, the Study Group 14 meeting proposed 10 revised recommendations for approval by WTSC-96. The proposals were approved by WTSC-96. The highlights of the approved new and revised recommendations are the ones concerning simultaneous and/or alternate voice and data transmission, as well as revision of a recommendation to update the modem speed to 33 600 bit/s.
d) The Study Group 14 meeting closed 4 Questions, and proposed 9 revised and 1 new Questions for the new study period. Decision was made by the WTSC-96 to cease Study Group 14, and Questions were trarisferred to Study Groups 16 and 15.
5.3.3.15 Study Group 15 (Transmission systems and equipment)Chairman: Mr. P.A. Probst (Switzerland)
a) Study Group 15 and its working parties held one formal meeting. Several rapporteurs meetings took place in different locations. Some 23 draft new and revised Recommendations dealing with audio-visual and multimedia services and systems, signal processing, optical transmission and A TM equipment and management have been approved by WTSC-96 or by the procedures of Resolution 1. The algorithms in the framework of signal processing studies will be used for mobile applications as well as for multimedia applications. This activity has been realized in cooperation with experts of Study Group 12.
b) The Joint Coordination Group on A VMMS continued to work by correspondence and submitted a report for consideration by TSAG which served as a basis for the creation by WTSC-96 of new Study Group 16 dealing with multimedia services and systems.
c) Study Group 15 has changed its general area of responsibility from "Transmission systems and equipment" to "Transport networks, systems and equipment." It is designated by WTSC-96 as Lead Study Group on Access Network Transport and a new Chairman, Mr. P. Wery (Canada) is appointed ..
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5.3.3.16 Study Group 16 (Multimedia services and systems)Chairman: Mr. P.A. Probst (Switzerland)
a) WTSC-96 established this new study group with the responsibility for studies relating to multimedia service definition and multimedia systems, including the associated terminal modems, protocols and signal processing.
b) Study Group 16 has inherited Questions and activites of Study Groups 1, 8, 14 and 15.
5.3.3.17 Telecommunication Standardization Advisory Group (TSAG)Chairman: Mr. B. Horton (Australia)
a) The Telecommunication Standardization Advisory Group (TSAG) held two meetings in 1996: 19 to 23 February and 1 to 5 July.
b) TSAG prepared material for the work programme, working methods and work guidelines for the activities of ITU-T study groups for the 1997-2000 study period. This material often became the basis for discussion and a point of departure for examination during the Conference. Almost all the draft resolutions and A-series recommendations by TSAG were adopted officially by WTSC-96 with minor modifications.
c) WTSC-96 decided to give an increased mandate and responisibility to TSAG and appointed Mr. G. Fisman (United States) as Chairman (see Document C97/53).
5.3.3.18 JWP TSAG/RAG on refinementChairman: Mr. Th. Boe (Norway)
a) The JWP on refinement met from 19 to 21 February 1996 in Geneva to finalize the report for submission to Council 1996 and to WTSC-96 (see Document C97/52).
5.3.4 Telecommunication Standardization Bureau (TSB)
5.3.4.1 General
a) In addition to the regular work involving the study group secretariats, the provision of logistic and secretarial support for the ITU-T meetings, the Telecommunication Standardization Bureau (TSB) was heavily charged, throughout 1996, with preparations for WTSC-96 and with the processing of the outcomes of the Conference. The preparations for the Conference were carried out with the constant cooperation of the ITU General Secretariat.
b) The editorial services for ITU-T publications, the administration of the telecommunication access codes, the Electronic Document Handling (EDH) service and the Documents Control service functioned normally during 1996. Statistics on the documents per study group processed by the TSB are shown in Table 3. The activities of some of the TSB services are described below.
5.3.4.2 Electronic Document Handling (EDH)
a) TSB has continued its efforts in order to promote the use of EDH tools and working methods. This resulted in a significant and constant growth in study group usage of EDH for the submission of documents: during 1996, 1278 documents and various texts relating to the activities of the ITU-T study groups were received electronically and handled. An updated guide for the electronic submission of documents was issued and circulated to the ITU-T members by circular in November 1996.
b) In addition, the EDH section provided information, advice and assistance on EDH matters to the ITU-T study groups via their Coordinator or Rapporteur on EDH and encouraged the use of electronic facilities available in ITU for their correspondence work. The necessary support was also given to study group members wishing to use the available electronic facilities.
c) As in the past, information and documents concerning the ITU-T study groups were made available or kept updated in the document database which can be accessed interactively via various interfaces. It should be noted in particular that, following the discussions at Council 96, the documents of WTSC-96 were available online for retrieval.
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d) As regards the ITU-T Recommendations which are available to subscribers to the ITU-T Recommendations Online serviceor via the Electronic Bookshop, in order to satisfy the users' expectations, efforts concentrated on keeping the database up to date with mostly new or revised Recommendations and on making the files available without delay as soon as they are ready. The database now stores more than 2300 Recommendations and Supplements.
5.3.4.3 Operational Information Processing
a) The section in charge of operational information is entrusted to keep close relations with all Administrations, services providers or network operators (ROAs) to collect and process information received from them, using the· most suitable and economical means in order to disseminate the information concerning administration, operation, numbering plan, tariff matters of the international telecommunication services.
b) During 1996, 24 issues of ITU Operational Bulletin were published (2400 pages prepared and 1300 pages printed). The information published in the Bulletin supported the operation, administration and maintenance of global telecommunication networks and services. The ITU Operational Bulletin On-line service is further perfected'. Administrations/ROAs or any other subscribers can choose among four media to obtain the Bulletin i.e. printed copy; hard copy delivered by facsimile; soft copy by E-niail and access on-line. Eleven lists concerning code allocations or numbering plan have been updated and published as annexes to the ITU Operational Bulletins. In· close collaboration with the External Affairs Unit in the General Secretariat, information is disseminated about status changes of Administrations/ROAs and emergence of new service provisions or networks operations in telecommunications market, following the development of liberalization and privatization in the mutating environment of the telecommunication world.
c) In accordance with Constitution and Convention, Regulations and mainly ITU-T recommendations, it is in charge of providing information or answering queries from Administrations/ROAs, other entities, organizations or users about both traditional or new services; code or numberings changes; tariff or accounting matters; etc .. In this respect, the total correspondence comprised about 2000 communications during 1996 by facsimile, telex-:':letter, E-mail or ITU Circufar-Telegrams.
5.3.4.4 UIFN (see Document C97/25)
a) The TSB was entrusted with the responsibility of serving as registrar for universal international freephone numbers (UIFN), further to a new Recommendation from Study .Group 2. At its 1996 session the Council also decided to authorize the opening of a special account for the financial management of the numbers. A registration fee of 200 Swiss francs per number requested was established to cover the costs of setting up and maintaining the s~!vice.
b) Requests for numbers began arriving at the TSB in December 1996. According to an initial breakdown drawn up at the end of the subscription period referred to as Day 1 (3 December 1996 to 31 January 1997), some 16 000 requests had been received by the TSB from 57 recognized operating agencies in 32 countries. These preliminary data correspond to the predictive financial plan submitted to the Council in 1996. The new registrar function therefore got off to· a good start in 1996, the next stage being to deal, in keeping with the Recommendation, with the 2000 or so requests received for numbers that are identical.
5.3.5 Members of the Sector
a) As on 31 December 1996, ITU-T's Sector Members (apart from Administrations which are Members of right) consisted of 115 recognized operating agencies, 151 scientific or industrial organizations, 2 other entities dealing with telecommunication matters, 23 regional and international organizations, 10 regional telecommunication. organizations, 4 intergovernmental organizations operating satellite systems.
b) During 1996 the Sector received a total of 30 new Sector Members: 15 recognized operating agencies, 14 scientific: or industrial organizations and one regional organization.
Date
15-19 January
16-25 January
22 January-2 February
29 January-16 February
6-15 February
12-16 February
19-23 February
19 February (PM)
21 February (PM)
27 February-8 March
11-20 March
19-27 March
25-29 March
26-28 March
10-18 April
15-26 April
29 April-1 0 May
6-9 May
6-17 May
14-24 May
27 May-7 June
1-5 July
9-18 October
11-15 November
18-21 November
18-22 November
25 Nov.-6 December
2-6 December
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Table 1 - List of meetings held in 1996
Place
Geneva
San Francisco
Geneva
Miyazaki
Geneva
Geneva
Geneva
Geneva
Geneva
Geneva
Geneva
Geneva
Geneva
Geneva
Geneva
Geneva
Geneva
Manama (Bahrain)
Geneva
Geneva
Geneva
Geneva
Geneva
Geneva
Boulder
Londres
Geneva
Geneva
Meeting
Study Group 5 (Protection against electromagnetic environment effects) and its working parties
Working Party 1/2 (Numbering, routing)
Study Group 4 (Network maintenance) and its working parties
Study Group 11 (Switching and signalling) and its working parties
Study Group 8 (Terminals for telematic services) and its working parties
Study Group 6 (Outside Plant) and its working parties
TSAG (Telecommunication Standardization Advisory Group) and its working parties
TSAG/RAG Joint Working Party on Refinement of the Radiocommunication Sector and Telecommunication Stqandardization Sector
Joint meeting TSAG (Telecommunication Standardization Advisory Group) and RAG (Radiocommunication Advisory Group)
Study Group 1 (Service definition) and its working parties
Study Group 3 (Tariff and accounting principles) and its working parties
Study Group 14 (Modems and transmission techniques for data, telegraph and telematic services) and its working parties
Study Group 9 (Television and sound transmission) and its working parties
JCG TMN (Joint coordination group for telecom~unication management network)
Study Group 10 (Languages for telecommunication applications) and its working parties
Study Group 7 (Data networks and open system communications) and its working parties
Study Group 13 (General network aspects) and its working parties
TAS Group (Tariff Group for Asia and Oceania)
Study Group 12 (End-to-end transmission performance of networks and terminals) and its working parties, and SQEG (Speech Quality Expert Group)
Study Group 2 (Network operation) and its working parties
Study Group 15 (Transmission systems and equipement) and its working parties
TSAG (Telecommunication Standardization Advisory Group) and its working parties
World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC-96)
Study Group 3 (Tariff and accounting principles including related telecommunications economic and policy issues) and its working parties
Working Party 1/9 (Television-programme transmission)
Working Party 112 (Numbering, routing)
Study Group 4 (Telecommunication management network and network maintenance) and its working parties
Study Group 5 (Protection against electromagnetic environment effects) and its working parties
In addition to the meetings listed, a number of meetings with limited participation were convened by Chairmen or Rapporteurs in 1996, either in or away from Geneva and in particular four meetings of the Joint Rapporteur Group on Global Information Infrastructure (GII) have been held during 1996 under the direction of Study Group 13.
Table 2 - Participation in ITU-T meetings in 1996
Study Groups and their Working Parties
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Administrations 23 32 56 16 16 11 20 18 17 13 18 20 25
Recognized operating 25 41 41 29 13 14 15 13 16 10 34 17 39 agencies
Scientific or industrial 7 16 1 32 11 10 16 21 9 7 35 16 51 organizations
Other entities - - 1 - - - - - 1 2 - - -
International organizations 5 4 6 1 3 - 2 2 3 - 2 1 6
Total number of entities 60 93 105 78 43 35 53 54 46 32 89 54 121
Number of participants 135 158 174 170 55 57 167 142 73 53 386 106 352
Table 3 - Documents issued in 1996
Study Groups and their Working Parties
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Contributions normal 6 39 20 28 6 1 134 15 16 9 8 16
delayed 57 80 27 77 18 7 98 74 34 24 405 25
Reports 20 18 6 7 3 2 13 6 3 6 48 7
WTSC-96 Conference Documents: 136
Regional Tariff
Groups
14 15 TAS TSAG
16 26 12 34
9 30 9 27
21 61 - 18
- - - -
1 2 - 6
47 119 21 85
82 398 53 130
Regional Tariff
Groups
13 14 15 TAS
18 11 73 -
239 33 194 4
18 5 19 1
TSAGIRAG JWP
Refinement
29
22
6
-
4
61
140
TSAG
-
47
11
WTSC-96
78
39.
25
-
8
150
511
TSAGIRAG JWP
Refinement
-
3
1
Ut w I
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5.4 Telecommunication Development Sector (ITU-D)
5.4.1 Introduction
a) The main events of 1996 have been the two Regional Telecommunication Development Conferences. Also, two Finance Colloquia were organized for the same Regions, providing the public and the private sector as well as financial specialists with a strategic opportunity for coming to grips with the challenges of investment for telecommunication development. In addition, 1996 was the second complete year of the implementation of the Buenos Aires Action Plan (BAAP), which has now been carried to its mid-point: the time is appropriate for a thorough review, which is provided in Document C97 /34.
b) At the same time, 1996 has seen major progress in the work of the Study Groups, and field activities have continued, within the limits of available resources, to support vigorously the efforts of developing countries to improve and develop telecommunications.
5.4.1.1 Field Operations - Activities of the Regions
a) In the framework of the development of the telecommunication networks and the market liberalization, the ITU is offering its services and experience in policy, regulatory, financing, tariffs, technical fields as well as that of the frequency management and the human resources development.
b) The field activities of the BDT were conducted by the Field Operation Department with 12 professional staff members at HQ's and by 11 Field Offices with a total of 33 staff members, of which 19 are at professional level. The distribution of tasks, functions and responsibilities between Headquarters and Field Offices is under continuous adjustment especially in view of decisions taken by Development and Plenipotentiary Conferences. Similarly, the efficiency and effectiveness of the Regional Presence is under review by the ITU Council and Plenipotentiary Conferences to take into account the new environment. The Kyoto Plenipotentiary Conference in its Resolution 25 established a limited and balanced Group of Experts to undertake a detailed evaluation of the regional presence. The Report of the Group of Experts was approved by the Council last year (Documents C96/134, C96/60). To follow up of this decision the Council Document C97 /9 has been prepared by the BDT for consideration and approval of the Council.
c) In promoting ITU' s role as an Executing Agency, the BDT concentrated its efforts on the funds-in-trust financing approach, in view of the drastic decrease in UNDP financial support. This decrease has been felt especially in the Africa region which mainly depends on UNDP financing. Despite these difficulties, 80 projects with a delivery of US$ 23.2 million were implemented (delivery in 1995 was US$ 20.7 million). The BDT succeeded in obtaining US$ 500.000 from UNDP for Sectorial Support, which is twice the amount obtained during the last years. Eighteen sectorial studies were undertaken in all regions.
d) In fulfilling ITU' s role as a Specialized Agency, the BDT provided direct assistance. 465 missions were undertaken by our specialists to provide technical assistance to countries; 71 seminars, workshops and regional and subregional meetings were organized on different subjects and 1387 fellowships were granted, with special attention to LDCs. Ad hoc assistance was given to countries with urgent requests. 48% of ad hoc assistance funds were used for AFR, 27% for ARB and 14% for ASP regions where most of the LDCs are situated (30 in AFR, 4 in ARB and 13 in ASP). Headquarters and Field Offices maintained close collaboration with all regional organizations dealing with telecommunication development. There were several projects and activities implemented together with those organizations.
Statistics by region:
Region P-staff in HQ + G-staff in HQ + Projects Sectoral studies
Workshops, field field Seminars etc.
AFR 9 6 13 3 22
AM 7 5 30 2 8
ARB 4 2 6 0 22
ASP 5 5 23 7 13
BUR 2 1 6 6 6
GLO 2
Total 27 19 80 18 71
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5.4.1.1.1 ilfrica
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
Special consideration is also given to LDC countries (see Document C97/36) and to Rwanda, Liberia and Somalia (see Document C97/50).
In the Development of the Regional Telecommunication networks, the second African Regional Telecommunication Development Conference (AF-RTDC-96) (Abidjan, 1996) has been conducted successfully leading to the adoption of 8 Resolutions and 7 Recommendations by the conference. 83 documents were presented and discussed. Among them, the African Green Paper has been adopted for distribution.
In the framework of TCDC, BDT financed the activities for the digitization and improvement of traffic flow in West Africa for PANAFTEL-ACDI network. The construction of the building of the Lome Maintenance Center has started and it is envisaged that the center will start its activities in 1997. The area offices continue to follow the implementation by the countries of technical management networks.
The activities of AFRICA ONE submarine fiber optic cable project continue to be conducted within the framework of the Resolution 5 adopted by the AF-RTDC-96 Conference of Abidjan. The project is progressing as scheduled.
The project financed by USAID for support of telecommunication sector development in Southern Africa has started.
Four national projects are at the moment under implementation, comprising international experts, training and equipment components. Out of the total 564 fellowships, 37 have been financed in the framework of national projects. The remaining 527 have been financed by ITU funds under the BAAP.
During 1996, out of the 86 Experts' missions, 13 have been undertaken in the framework of national projects ~d 66 under BAAP programs, and 7 within the framework of sectoral studies. During the lifetime and in all phases·;\)f the projects, special emphasis is given to the active involvement of National Counterparts to assume the sustain~bility of those projects once they are terminated.
The staff of the area offices for Africa and Africa Unit, during 1996, has undertaken 70 missions for the follow-up of the different activities. 22 workshops/seminars have been organized in the region in the priority areas.
5.4.1.1.2 ilnnericas
a) In the Development of the Regional Telecommunication networks, 25 activities have been implemented-by the Americas Unit/Regional and Area Offices including assistance in the field of policies and strategies, telecommunications financing policy/strategies/economic, Human Resources Management and Development, Development of Maritime Radiocommunication Planning, Computerized Network Planning, Frequency Management, Integrated Rural Development, Information Services.
b) In the effort of strengthening of the National technical and administrative Telecommunication services, 30 National projects (US$ 18.8 Millions, all financed by the countries) are at the moment under implementation, comprising International Experts, National Experts, 13 Subcontracts (for a total of US$ 5.8 Millions) and Equipment components (221 orders, for a total of US$ 9.9 Millions).
c) Out of the total 211 accorded Fellowships, 21 have been financed in the framework of the National projects. The remaining 187 fellowships have been financed by ITU funds of the BAAP.
d) During 1996, of the total 123 Experts' missions, 98 have been undertaken in the framework of the National projects, and 25 under BAAP programs.
e) In addition, 8 workshops have been organized in the priority areas.
f) The staff of the Americas region (7 Professional and 5 General Service) during 1996, has undertaken 77 missions for the follow up of the different activities.
5.4.1.1.3 ilrab States
Special consideration is also given to LDCs (see Document C97/36) and Palestine (see Document C97/48).
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Development of the Regional Telecommunication networks
a) Twenty activities have been implemented by the Arab State Unit/Regional Office for the Arab States including assistance in the field of policies and strategies, telecommunications financing policy/strategies/economic, Human Resources Management and Development, Development of Maritime Radiocommunication Planning, Computerized Network Planning, Frequency Management, Improvement of Maintenance, New Technologies in Sound and TV broadcasting, and development of Telematic and Computer Network.
b) In the effort of strengthening of the National technical and administrative Telecommunication services, 25 individual activities have been organized for the countries of the region including 13 activities for Palestine.
c) Five National projects are at the moment under implementation, comprising International Experts, Training and Equipment components.
d) Out of the total 155 accorded Fellowships, 15 have been financed in the framework of the National projects. The remaining 140 fellowships have been financed by ITU funds of the BAAP.
e) During 1996, of the total 41 Experts' missions, 14 have been undertaken in the framework of the National projects, and 26 under BAAP programs. 22 workshops/seminars have been organized in the region in the priority areas.
f) During their lifetime, and in all phases of the projects, special emphasis is given to the active involvement of National counterparts to assure the sustainability of those projects once they are terminated.
g) The staff of the Regional Office for the Arab States and Arab States Unit, during 1996, has undertaken 28 missions for the follow up of the different activities.
5.4.1.1.4 Asia and the Pacific
a) In connection with the Development of the Regional Telecommunication networks and as part of the UNDP funded Program for Economic Reforms through Enhanced Transport & Communications Services, a set of guidelines was prepared. The topics dealt with centered on Sector Reform (Policy, Legislation, Organization, and Regulation), Corporate Planning, Network Planning, Traffic Engineering, Tariff Reform, and Procurement as well as Reports on Telecommunication Policy & Market Structures, Regulatory/Legislative Issues and Commercial Options. The testing and upgrading of computer software for outside plant records and service orders was continued. For 13 countries of the South Pacific, Master plans for Development of Maritime Radiocommunication services were prepared and a previously undertaken study on LEO projects and Frequency Planning was updated.
b) In order to strengthen National technical and administrative Telecommunication services, 13 workshops and meetings were held and 33 activities for the benefit of individual countries, especially LDCs were carried out. The main emphasis was on the subjects of sector reform, HRD, frequency management, network planning and technology transfer.
c) Twenty-two national and regional projects were under implementation at the end of 1996 with a total implemented amount of approximately 2.1 million US$. The main fields of assistance under these projects were technology transfer, HRD, quality assurance and sector reform.
d) A total of 265 fellowships were arranged, 108 funded by UNDP as well as Funds-in-trust projects and 157 from ITU's own resources under the BAAP. The purpose of these fellowships was to enable participants especially from LDCs to attend the above mentioned meetings and workshops as well as individual training.
e) A total of 71 expert missions were fielded in the framework of UNDP funded and Funds-in-trust projects as well as under BAAP programs .. In addition, 6 TCDC missions were funded from the BAAP. The assistance and advice provided covered a great variety of telecommunication subjects, focusing on regulatory matters and to technology transfer.
t) The staff of the Regional Office in Bangkok and of the Area Office in Jakarta undertook altogether 33 missions to provide assistance in their respective field of competence and to follow up on ITV' s activities in the region.
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5.4.1.1.5 Europe and CIS
a) The ITU Headquarters serves as Regional Office and all issues were dealt with by the Regional Unit for Europe and CIS in Headquarters.
b) In the Development of the Regional Telecommunication networks, 12 activities have been implemented by the Europe and CIS unit, including assistance in the field of Broadcasting Marketing and the promotion of the New Technologies in Sound and TV Broadcasting. During this year, the project of creating a Regional Advisory Unit for Policy/Regulation in that'Region has been initiated.
c) In the effort of strengthening of the National technical and administrative Telecommunication services, 16 individual activities have been organized for the countries of the region.
d) Five National projects are at the moment under.implementation, comprising International Experts, Training and Equipment components.
e) Out of the total 192 accorded Fellowships, 29 have been financed in the framework of the National projects. The remaining 163 fellowships have been financed by ITU funds of the BAAP.
f) During 1996, of the total20 Experts' missions, 7 have been undertaken in the framework of the National projects, 6 as sectoral studies, 6 under BAAP programs and 1 on a Funds-In-Trust arrangement. 6 workshops/seminars have been organized in the region in the priority areas.
g) During their lifetime, and in all phases of the projects, special emphasis is given to the active involvement of National Counterparts to assure the sustainability of those projects once they are terminated.
h) The staff of the Europe and CIS Unit, during 1996, has undertaken 10 missions for the follow up of the different activities.
5.4.1.2 Human Resources Management and Development
a) The HRD Unit consists of 4 professionals at Headquarters, 4 in the field plus one Area Representative specialized in HRD. This team is responsible for implementing the BAAP Program No 2: Human Resource Development, as well as for providing direct assistance upon request, in the areas of Training, Human Resource Management and Development, Organization Development (including the Transformation of Companies' process to be competitive in the market), and Management Development.
b) In order to handle successfully the increased workload, the "distance-work" approach has been widely .. applied and "partnership" with different entities utilized to obtain additional resources to those of the ITV regular budget.
c) Work has been organized as follows: concentration of all the development work at Headquarters (production of the new models, manuals and workshops training material). Thereafter, implementation of the actions takes place in the field, in the different Regions, according to their specific needs.
d) The actions generally consist in:
• organization and implementation of specialized workshops (subregional or national);
• organization and implementation of regional and/or inter-regional HRD meetings;
• providing consultancy services in the areas mentioned above, including the design and production of project documents, and technical follow-up during their implementation.
e) The HRD group undertook the following activities:
1) In the area of Management Development (MANDEVTEL)
a) Development of models, manuals and training material: four manuals were developed and published:
• "Competitive Transformation of Telecommunication Organizations" published in Spanish and translated into English;
• "Telecommunication development policies and strategies in a market-based environment", published in French;
• "Tariff strategy for a telecommunication operator'', published in Portuguese; and "Financial management and planning", also published in Portuguese.
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b) All these manuals are under translation into other working languages, according with the requests of the different Regions. The corresponding training material for workshops was produced and high level managers were trained in the different regions, as follows:
o AFRICA: 113 managers in three different regional and one national workshops;
o ASIA and PACIFIC: 29 managers in two regional workshops;
o AMERICAS: 88 managers in two regional and one national workshops;
o ARAB STATES: 55 managers in three regional workshops;
o E-EUROPE: 91 managers in one regional and three national workshops;
o TOTAL 3 7 6 persons trained.
c) The development activity was supported by external partners, who provided their contributions in cash and in-kind. The following partners were active during 1996:
o Government of Switzerland through the Swiss PTT.
o Government of Portugal through the AICEP (Association of Portuguese-speaking telecom organizations).
o University of Zilina, Slovak Republic.
o Thunderbird University, USA.
2) In the area of Information Technologies in HRD, including distance training
a) The Virtual Training Center (VTC) of ITV is now operational in the World Wide Web, with sufficient resources to make it attractive and useful for developing countries. Its potential for growth is enormous.
b) As support for the users of the VTC, regional workshops on the use of information technologies in HRD and Training, were organized as follows:
o AFRICA: 42 participants in two regional workshops
o AMERICAS: 15 participants were working-training at distance from HQs
o ASIA and PACIFIC: 15 participants in one regional workshop
o E-EUROPE: 9 participants in one regional workshop
o TOTAL 81 persons trained
c) Several distance courses were delivered, with participation of external partners who provided the materials. The principal actions were:
o with the participation of Gartner Group Learning (previously Mindware ), 35 countries took part in the evaluation of the CBT(Computer Based Training) series: "The Communications Manager", with 150 hours of CBT.
o with CTA (Cognitive Training Associates), we are offering about 20 courses available in the CTA Learning Network. An increasing number of Countries is participating.
o a Course on Spectrum Management was delivered to the broadcasting organizations of the ASP Region, with the participation of leading experts from the ITV-R sector.
d) In order to add resources to the VTC produced by the participants, ITV has started the development of two new courses on distance learning: "Designing a distance learning module", and "Designing Training for the Internet".
e) The feasibility study of the Global Telecommunication University/Global Telecommunication Training Institute (GTV/GTTI) is already finished. During 1996, the definition of operational and legal statutes was initiated.
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3) Other important activities in the areas of HRD
a) Special training agreements were negotiated, ~hich allowed the BDT to organize training for five fellows for the normal price of one average individual fellowship. Agreements exist with:
• AICEP - Portugal
• Cable & Wireless- United Kingdom
• INTELSAT
• PTT - Suisse
• TEMIC - Canada
• Thunderbird University
b) The Inter-regional HRD and Training Meeting was organized in Nairobi, Kenya, with the participation of 163 delegates from 75 countries, from both Administrations and ROA' s, as well as from international and regional entities. Kenya Posts and Telecommunication Corporation (KPTC) and its KCCT (Kenya College of Communications Technology) made all the local arrangements to host this successful meeting.
c) HRD Regional Officers as well as Headquarters Officers provided assistance upon request, by conducting missions on different aspects of Training, Human Resource Development, Management Development and Organization Development. In total, 76 were implemented in 1996 (26 missions were undertaken by the HRD Headquarters Officers and 50 missions by HRD Regional Officers in the different Regions).
d) Updating and publication in English and French of two manuals ("Training Development Guideline" and "Guide for the Production of a Diagnosis-Evaluation and Plan for Establishing or Improving a Telecom Training System").
e) The Model "Transformation of Telecom Operators to be Competitive in the Market" was developed, validated and utilized on different occasions, as part of some of the workshops and as a guideline to design projects.
f) ITUIHRD continues providing information (in the web and on paper) on telecommunication training resources: training opportunities, training material (traditional or CBT), directory of training centers, etc. as well as the regular publication of the Human Resource Development Quarterly.
4) Some statistics:
Trainees per speciality
400-==== 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0
Q) e>ctl c:: c:: Q)
cu E :a:
0 i5 ... - ctl r m m...J u
0 a: I
Number of trainees per speciality
15%
TRAINING IN MANAGEMENT
EUR 24%
AMS 23%
AFR
8%
Distribution per Region - Training of Managers
TRAINING ON CBT/DISTANCE LEARNING
AMS 19%
ARAB EUR
0%
ASP 19%
11%
AFR 51%
Distribution per Region - Training on information technologies on HRD
5.4.1.3 Support Activities
a) Expert Recruitment
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------------------------------,
TRAINING PROVIDED BY SPECIALITIES
HAD 39%
OTHERS 3%
CBT/DIST LEARNING
10%
MANAGEMENT 48%
Distribution per Specialities
In 1996, 557 posts were processed for which 522 candidatures were evaluated. The number of consultants and experts which were fielded amounts to 397 versus 368 for 1995 showing a 7.9% increase over last year. Many missions have been undertaken for the various BAAP programs and belong to the category "global or multiregional" which explains why the figures contained in the breakdown by region below cannot gainfully be compared to last year's. The general trend has again been towards urgent missions of a short duration for which the availability of candidates within the required time frame is difficult to organize and which certainly preclude advertisement of the vacancies.
Statistics by region
REGION 1996 1995 1996/95
Africa 86 104
Americas 123 104
Asia and Pacific 71 89
Arab States 41 39
Europe and CIS 14 32
Global or multiregional 62 -
TOTAL 397 368 +7.9%
b) Equipment Procurement Service
1996 1995 %
Purchase Orders placed Number 264 324 -19%
Value in US$ 6,007,560 8,209,563 -27%
Contracts signed Number 30 7 +329%
Value in US$ 13,563,663 1,620,812 +737%
Contracts negotiated but not signed Number 6 2 +200%
Contracts administered Number 32 19 +68%
Administrative Agreements and related Projects Number 24 23 +4% signed
Agreements negotiated but not signed Number 13 5 +160%
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c) Fellowships
In 1996, a total of 1387 fellows benefited from training, compnsmg 303 individual programs and 1084 through 82 different group training activities; Of the total number of fellows on training, 41% of the fellows were from the Africa Region, 19% from Asia/ Pacific, 14% from Europe, 15% from the Americas and 11% from the Arab States.
The major countries hosting individual fellowship programs in 1996 were: the United Kingdom, the United States, Senegal, France, Thailand, Canada and Switzerland.
Statistics by reg~on and type of training
1996 1995 1996/95
Region Individual Group Total % Individual Group Total %
Africa 89 475 564 40.7% 53 437 490 33.7% +15.1%
Americas 37 174 211 15.2% 24 164 188 12.9% +12.2%
Arab States 33 122 155 11.2% 30 84 114 7.8% +36.0%
Asia & Pacific 95 170 265 19.1% 213 240 453 31.2% -41.5%
Europe 49 143 192 13.8% 31 177 208 14.3% -7.7%
Total 303 1084 1387 100% 351 1102 1453 100% -4.5%
5.4.2 Global Development activities
Policy Development
a) Policy Development has been carried out mainly through the two Regional Telecommunication Development Conferences (see 5.4.2.2), the Study Groups (see 5.4.2.4) and the Telecommunication Development Advisory Board (see 5.4.2.3). Major achievements have been the adoption of the Blue Book (Telecommunication Policies for the Americas), the African Green Paper and the Arab Book.
b) Major supporting functions for policy development have been the collection, validation and analysis of data contained in the publications "Direction of Traffic 1996", the African Telecommunication Indicators·; the Arab States Telecommunication Indicators, and the World Telecommunication Development Report 1996-97.
c) In parallel with the Study Group work, the preparation of policy-related texts has continued in 1996. In·addition to the publications already mentioned, draft Guidelines for improved maintenance of telecommunication networks have been developed, and work has continued on Guidelines for the elaboration of a business-oriented development plan and Guidelines on computerized subscriber maintenance systems (both still to be completed). Also, the BDT has been collaborating with the Economic Commission for Africa and UNESCO in the preparation of the document "Africa's Information Society Initiative" which was subsequently adopted at the thirty-first session of the ECA Conference of Ministers.
5.4.2.1 Buenos Aires Action Plan
a) In application of the strategic plan of the Sector decided by the Plenipotentiary Conference (Kyoto, 1994: Resolutions 1 and 23), the implementation of the Buenos Aires Action Plan has been pursued with determination. During this second complete year of its implementation, a wide variety of activities were carried out, planning and reporting tools were improved, and a number of extrabudgetary contributions were secured.
b) When comparing the achievements to date, at program mid-point, with the objectives set out for the BAAP by WTDC-94 in Buenos Aires, a clear trend emerges: the instruments (guidelines, manuals etc.) are generally progressing well or have been completed, and many activities are being carried out according to plan. At the intermediate level (manuals available, staff trained etc.) the BAAP is progressing well. It is much more difficult to evaluate the impact on the ultimate objectives at country and regional level. While a comprehensive report will be prepared for WTDC-98, a number of evaluation elements are presented in Document C97/34.
5.4.2.2 Conferences
Two Regional Telecommunication Development Conferences took place in 1996: the AF-RTDC-96 for Mrica, and AR-RTDC-96 for the Arab States.
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5.4.2.2.1 African Regional Telecommunication Development Conference (AF -RTDC-96)
a) The Conference took place in Abidjan (Cote d'lvoire) from 6 to 10 May 1996. It was attended by 338 persons2,
including delegates and observers from 56 countries, representing both governments and the private sector. Participants included a number of ministers and senior officials; representatives of 36 organizations and agencies and representatives of a number of banks.
b) The Conference was chaired by H.E. Mr. Ezan Akele, Minister of Economic Infrastructure of the Republic of Cote d'Ivoire. The Conference created three committees to deal respectively with policies and strategies, with development of networks, and with financing, in addition to the Steering Committee and the Editorial Committee.
c) The Conference adopted 8 Resolutions and 7 Recommendations. The most important achievement was the adoption of the African Green Paper (Telecommunication Policies for Africa) which analyses the changes in the telecommunication sector and contains many specific policy recommendations, and which was subsequently circulated to all ITU Member States in the African Region.
d) A more extensive report on this Conference was presented to Council in 1996 (Addendum 1 to Document C96/43).
5.4.2.2.2 Regional Telecommunication Development Conference for the Arab States (AR-RTDC-96)
a) The Conference took place in Beirut (Lebanon) from 11 to 15 November 1996. It was attended by 181 persons3, including delegates and observers from 26 countries, representing administrations, recognized operating agencies, scientific or industrial organizations, and eleven international organizations.
b) The Conference was opened by the Prime Minister of Lebanon, H.E. Mr. Rafik Hariri, and chaired by Dr. Abdul Monem Youssef, Director-General of Telecommunications (Operation and maintenance). The Conference set up three committees to deal with the different aspects of telecommunication development, a steering committee, an editorial committee, and an ad hoc working group of the Plenary.
c) The main decision of the Conference was to adopt the Arab Book. The draft presented was amended following the decisions of the Conference, and the resulting Arab Book was circulated to the Member States in the Region early 1997. The Conference further adopted the Beirut Declaration, a Message from the Conference to the World Telecommunication Development Conference (WTDC-98, Valletta, Malta, 1998), and 12 Resolutions and 9 Recommendations.
5.4.2.3 Telecommunication Development Advisory Board (TDAB)
The comprehensive Report is presented in Document C97/65.
5.4.2.4 Study Groups
a) The Meetings of Study Groups 1 and 2 took place in Geneva and set up their organization structure by creating Working Parties and allocating the questions. The working methods and work programs for the study period (1995-1998) were then discussed and prepared.
Overview of Study Groups Meetings
Participants Working Parties SG 1 Working Parties SG 2
10-13.09.96 16-19.09.96
Total number 99 119 Member States 46 51 of which LDCs 17 22 Distribution of Member States
Africa 12 17 Americas 4 5 Arab States 3 4 Asia and Pacific 12 12 Europe 15 13
Sector Members 23 27 International Organizations 7 9
2 Compare with 328 participants at the previous Conference (ATDC-90, Harare, Zimbabwe, 6-11 December 1990).
3 Compare with some 150 persons at the previous Conference (AR-RDC, Cairo, Egypt, 25-29 October 1992).
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b) Due to resource limitations, it is expected that much of the work will be done by correspondence or via ITU' s online services such as TIES (Telecom Information Exchange Services).
c) Following Resolution No. 2 of WTDC-94 Study Group 1 deals with telecommunication development strategies and policies, including financing policies having regard to the current institutional, structural and regulatory reforms taking place in the telecommunication sector. As a forum for the exchange of information· via studies and analyses, Study Group 1 will help to establish guidelines and recommendations aimed at improving the development situation.
d) Study Group 2 has highlighted four key issues:
e)
f)
• No telecommunication network can be designed, installed and operated efficiently without properly trained staff at all levels. Human resources development and management require innovative approaches to meet the challenges of the rapidly changing environment.
• Careful consideration should be given to integrated rural development, drawing on the results of telecommunication pilot projects based on a partnership between the private and public sectors.
• Good coordination and cooperation with the Radiocommunication (ITU-R) and the Telecommunication Standardization (ITU-T) Sectors should be ensured for the whole study period and for all questions.
• Specific applications of telecommunications, such as for health-care or the protection of the environment, should receive the necessary attention.
The Working Parties discussed the progress achieved so far and the workload distribution for the preparation of the reports or guidelines. ;;~~·
The status reports per Question are presented in Annex 1 to part 5.4.
5.4.2.5 SPACECOM
1996 Activities
In 1996, SPACECOM Project activities continued to progress. Several new developments and events were recorded:
1) Increasing expression of interest world-wide from developing counties, as well as from equipment manufacturers, satellites operators, governmental and/or financial institutions. As a result, more responses to the "Questionnaire" and the "Call for pilot projects proposals" were received, and additional pledges were registered. By the end of 1996, some 65 countries returned the "Questionnaire", some 13 pilot projects proposals were received and the total pledges from sponsors amounted to US$ 335,000, with US$ 297,110 effectively received by the ITU.
2) The working group on pilot projects, created by the first Steering Committee, met in Geneva on 22-23 April1996, with the participation of 17 sponsors. A first set of pilot projects proposals (from Benin, Buthan, Cameroon, Guyana, Indonesia, Kenya, Mongolia, Somalia, Gambia, Suriname, Tanzania, Sri Lanka, Zambia) and a Telehealth application in Africa (involving also UNEP & FAO) were reviewed, discussed and then distributed among ad-hoc working groups, set up in order to determine the viability of each one of the proposed projects, to draft the corresponding specifications and to promote partnership agreements to implement them.
3) During the second Mrican Regional Telecommunication Development Conference (AF-RTDC-96) (Abidjan, 1996), the great benefit of the SPACECOM Project was recognized for the socio-economical development of Mrica and Administrations were urged to provide all necessary support to ensure its success.
4) Likewise, SP ACECOM was the object of interest of all Arab countries during the preparatory meeting· of the Regional Telecommunication Development Conference for the Arab States held in Damascus, 3-5 June 1996, and the Regional Telecommunication Development Conference (AR-RTDC-96) (Beirut, 1996). On both occasions, all Arab States were encouraged to participate in the SP ACECOM Project in order to make use of its vital coverage.
5) A Coordinator for the SP ACECOM Project was formally appointed as of 1 October 1996.
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5.4.2.6 Telemedicine
a) The World Telecommunication Development Conference 1994 recommended that the ITU study the potential of telemedicine to meet some of the needs of developing countries. The Regional Telecommunication Development Conference (AF-RTDC-96) (Abidjan, 1996) considered the presentation from ITU-D Study Group 2, Question 6/2 on Telemedicine and Developing Countries. The Conference approved Resolution 7: Telemedicine in Africa. The Conference requested the Director of the BDT to organize at least two large-scale trials of telemedicine in Africa, which would serve as "test beds" and models for a successful implementation of telemedicine in Africa. The Regional Telecommunication Development Conference (AR-RTDC-96) (Beirut, 1996) approved Recommendation COM2/A: Telemedicine in the Arab Countries, demanding telemedicine services and delivery which should be affordable, practical, profitable, self-sustaining and available to as many people in need as possible.
b) The BDT initiated several telemedicine projects to ensure that the benefits of telemedicine are available to developing countries. Most of the pilot projects presented in the Table below are based on the results of BDT' s identification missions implemented in 1996 by telemedicine experts to the following countries: Bhutan, Cameroon, Mozambique, Tanzania, Thailand, Uganda and VietNam. Telemedicine pilot projects and associated activities should be undertaken with the following objectives:
o Demonstrate the potential, the benefits and the different approaches to introducing telemedicine services and -most important - to show what is feasible using the existing networks in developing countries.
o Provide training in the field of telemedicine by conducting regional seminars/workshops.
o Act as a catalyst to establish telemedicine collaboration groups or alliances in different regions of the world.
o Convene a World Telemedicine Symposium for Developing Countries in 1997, the aim of which would be to exchange experiences and views in regard to the implementation of telemedicine in developing countries.
c) A successful implementation of the pilot projects and associated activities requires good cooperation and coordination with the many different partners and organizations. The BDT funds were mainly used to initiate the activities and to attract other potential players.
Budget (CHF)
Country Project Total BDTpart
Pilot projects under implementation
Malta Telemedicine link between two islands (Malta and Gozo ), connecting 67,000 7,000 two main hospitals for the exchange of medical data and teleconsulting.
Telemedicine link between University Hospital in Maputo and regional Mozambique central hospital in Beira for teleradiology and teleconsulting, with 250,000 115,000
possible extension to some small rural clinics.
Ukraine Introduction of an PBX-based mobile personal handy-phone system in 165,000 8,000 the Central Emergency Hospital of Kiev.
Satellite mobile communication between the Central Emergency Ukraine Hospital of Kiev and the medical mobile laboratory which serves rural 115,000 8,000
population residing at the radio-contaminated area suffering from the Chemobyl nuclear accident.
Pilot projects under preparation
Telemedicine link between Central Hospital in Thimphu and a hospital Bhutan in the region for teleradiology and teleconsulting. It is also planned to 210,000 120,000
extend this link to several telecenters once these are ready.
Cameroon Remote monitoring of health condition of pregnant women. 60,000 10,000
Telemedicine link between central hospital in Male and health-care units Maldives located on the other islands for teleconsulting and delivery of medical 250,000 40,000
information, including medical education.
Uzbekistan Remote monitoring of health-care for children and pregnant women in 130,000 10,000 rural areas.
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5.4.2. 7 Global project "Telecommunications and Environment"
a) Within the framework of the implementation of Resolutions 8 and 35, adopted respectively by the World Telecommunication Development Conference (Buenos Aires, 1994) and the Plenipotentiary Conference (Kyoto, 1994), the BDT organized, in April1996 in Tunis, a Symposium on the role of telecommunication and information technology in the protection of the environment.
b) Encouraged by the Conclusions of the Tunis Symposium, which recommended inter alia the preparation of a Global Project "Telecom-Environment" and were confirmed in Resolutions adopted by the Regional Telecommunication Development Conference (AF-RTDC-96) (Abidjan, 1996) and the Regional Telecommunication Development Conference for the Arab States (AR-RTDC-96) (Beirut, 1996), the BDT began the second phase of its initiative focused on operational activities, i.e. the search for the resources required to implement pilot projects for interested developing countries (see Document C97/55).
5.4.2.8 Information services
a) Major supporting functions for policy development have the collection, validation and analysis of information relating to worldwide telecommunication trends. A number of reports and databases were produced and disseminated. The "African Telecommunication Indicators" report, analyzing key trends in the continent's telecommunication sector since 1990, was prepared for the African Regional Telecommunication Development Conference in Abidjan (May, 1996). A similar regional report was prepared for the Arab States Regional Telecommunication Development Conference (Beirut, November 1996). The important area of international telephone traffic was analyzed in the "Direction of Traffic" report published in December 1996. In addition to detailed international telephone traffic statistics and tariffs, this publication analyzed the trend in international calling prices including the impact of accounting rates and call-back. The "1996/97 World Telecorrililunication ' Report" was published in February 1997, to coincide with the conclusion of the World Trade Organization negotiations on telecommunications. The theme of the report was trade in telecommunications, covering both telecommunication equipment and service trade. Data in the report were extensively used by the global media to quantify the impact of the WTO telecommunication agreement.
b) The data used for policy analysis are regularly disseminated on diskette. A key development was the establishment of a section on the ITU' s Internet World Wide Web page containing BDT indicator reports and databases. This allows the telecommunication community instant access to the information. The first World Telecommunication Indicator meeting took place in Geneva in March 1996. This meeting was attended by 134 delegates from 57 countries. Experts made presentations regarding the collection, maintenance, comparability, dissemination and application of indicators for policy analysis and formulation. The discussions provided valuable input for the direction of the BDT indicator programme. Over 700 external requests for information about global telecommunication developments were processed during 1996.
5.4.3 ITU-D Sector Members
a) During 1996, twenty-three entities other than Administrations joined the !TU-Development Sector. On 31 December 1996 the total number of Sector Members was 130 with a total of 27 13116 contributory units. The graph shows the composition of ITU-D Sector Members.
b) The BDT is making continuous efforts to increase the cooperation and to promote partnership with the ITU-D Sector Members. The different BDT services are providing the ITU-D Sector Members with useful information on activities in which they may wish to participate.
c) The importance given to telecommunication development activities by the ITU-D Sector Members is evident from their active participation in the BDT meetings, from their involvement in different activities and from their voluntary contributions.
d) Twenty-five telecommunication entities and organizations took part in the Regional Telecommunication Development Conference (AF-RTDC-96) (Abidjan, 1996) and 21 in Regional Telecommunication Development Conference (AR-RTDC-96) (Beirut, 1996). In the meetings of the Working Parties of the ITU-D Study Groups 1 and 2 in September 1996 the participants of the ITU-D Sector Members formed an average 31% of all participants.
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Distribution of membership (31.12.96)
5% 2%
47%
5.4.4 Resource Mobilization
IIIIIROA
m:JSIO
.CV230 I
GJCV 231;
&CV 260:
~mcv 261
a) A key element and responsibility of ITU/BDT professionals is mobilizing resources, through responding quickly to countries' financial, human, technological, equipment, information and expertise demands. These resources, once identified, are placed at the disposal of developing countries. This is done either directly in the country or through the planning and implementation of BDT' s activities. Partnerships and cooperative programmes are negotiationed with the BDT acting as neutral advisor.
b) The BDT stimulates partnerships and strategic alliances with external entities and acts as an internal focal point to assist BDT counselors by:
• Identifying potential sources of financing, facilitating contact between potential partners, and encouraging investment in telecommunications development.
• Seeking cooperation with regional development banks, the World Bank, IFC etc.
• Providing advice and analysis to facilitate the examination of financing policy projects by banks and funding agencies.
• Organizing donor round table conferences.
• Providing assistance by analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of different financing policies and strategies.
• Training in financial management as well as related areas (accounting, tariffs, marketing etc.), investment planning and economic studies and analysis.
• Encouraging voluntary contributions from public and private agencies and companies (administering the Special Voluntary Program of technical Cooperation (Kyoto Resolution 28)).
• Positioning telecommunications as a catalyst for enabling other essential and humanitarian projects and applications, such as agriculture, health and medicine, education and youth.
• Providing ongoing dialogue and collaboration on financing, restructuring and related issues with the WTO, UNCTAD and others.
c) Accomplishments of the programme during 1996 include the Regional Colloquia for Finance and Related Issues for Africa and the Arab States, which provide, via the Regional Development Conferences, the resolutions and recommendations of those regions, for the World Telecommunication Development Conference that will be held in Malta.
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d) The significance of these events are:
• the high level of developing countries' direct participation and subsequent preparation of input for the World Telecommunication Development Conference in Malta;
• the concentration of the many and varied issues in the new environment relevant to all aspects of the restructuring process;
• the high level of participation of finance policy-makers.
e) Following a request made by the preparatory meeting for the Regional Telecommunication Development Conference (AF-RTDC-96) (Abidjan, 1996) held in Tunis on November 1995 "to address on a regional basis with all potential partners the critical issue of financing telecommunication development in each region, and related aspects of telecommunications", the BDT organized the Africa Telecommunications Finance Colloquium, in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire, on March 1996. This Colloquium was the first in a series of dedicated conferences on commercial liberalization aspects to be organized in all ITU regions.
f) The African Colloquium was organized in close collaboration with the Administration of Cote d'Ivoire and the Cote d'Ivoire Telecom Company (CI-TELECOM), the World Bank and the West African Development Bank. More than 200 participants came from 40 African countries, 20 multi/bilateral agencies, 25 international telecommunication companies, and 30 private sector enterprises including banks, local service providers, academic institutions and the media. One of the main conclusions reached by participants in the Colloquium was the need to redefine the roles of the entities in the telecommunication sector restructuring process. They recommended the prerequisite of a State commitment to establish a regulatory framework in order to attract investments. The participation of national private sector was stressed in conjunction with capital available on the international market. States were encouraged to commit to strategic policies for the development of the telecommunications, to strengthen the management capabilities of public telecommunication operators and to emphasize social impact. The recommendations of the Colloquium were adopted as recommendations of the Regional Telecommunication Development Conference (AF-RTDC-96) (Abidjan, 1996).
g) The Arab States Telecommunications Finance Colloquium was held in Amman, Jordan on September 1996 in close collaboration with the Telecommunications Corporation of Jordan, the World Bank and the International Finance Corporation. More than 100 participants (not including ITU Staff) came from the Arab States, multi/bilateral agencies, international telecommunication companies, and private sector enterprises including banks, local service providers, academic institutions and the media participated. The Colloquium assembled delegates from 16 countries representing the Arab telecommunication administrations, as well as about 40 representatives of leading companies from the private sector. The Colloquium adopted draft recommendations on tariff matters, GATS issues, private sector participation, sources and mobilization of financing, and modalities of financing regional technical cooperation projects. The Colloquium clearly assisted in preparing the ground for the proceedings and decisions of the Regional Telecommunication Development Conference (AR-RTDC-96) (Beirut, 1996), and also provided input for the work of Study Groups.
h) Both Colloquia clearly achieved their stated objectives "to provide appropriate, well-consolidated and innovative recommendations and proposals on the critical issue of financing ... , and to create the occasion for interested international telecommunication corporations and local enterprises to enter into and cultivate contacts with finance executives and telecommunication decision makers towards joint schemes of partnership across the whole spectrum of financial possibilities" based on input from participants.
i) The remaining three regional meetings, to provide input on a policy level from Member States and Sector Members to the World Telecommunication Development Conference (Malta), have been scheduled to take place in 1997:
Americas - July (Brasilia)
CEE/NIS - September/October (tentatively)
Asia-Pacific ~ November (New Delhi)
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j) Follow-up on the recommendations were immediately prepared in 1996 and/or undertaken in early 1997:
o "Seminar on Two Commercial Aspects of Telecommunications Future: Tariffs and GA TTS" (Cairo, March 1997); and
o "Seminar on Telecommunication Service Tariffs and the Role of Regulation in Setting and Controlling Tariffs" (Dakar, April 1997).
k) Following the Recommendations and Resolutions, project teams and small expert groups are forming to address the key results identified. The synthesis final publication and results of actions of all the regions are planned to be presented for the World Telecommunications Development Conference in Malta. The catalytic role of the BDT is demonstrated through the Colloquia by promoting key advances in cooperation and by assisting those countries involved in the restructuring process.
1) Table of voluntary contributions is presented in Annex 2 to part 5.4.
5.4.5 Project implementation
a) Implementation of projects by the BDT in 1996 amounted to$ US 23,205,000.
Projects financed by UNDP ............................................................................ US$
National implementation projects with shared costs ....................................... US$
Funds-in-trust projects .................................................................................... US$
Sectoral support projects ................................................................................. US$
3,167,000
9,939,000
9,728,000
371,000
b) Income generated by project implementation in 1996 amounted to 3,255,000 Swiss francs.
c) Implementation by region was as follows:
Region
Africa Americas Asia and Pacific Arab States Europe Interregional
TOTAL
Expenditure in US$
630,000 18,823,000
1,906,000 1,026,000
338,000 482,000
23,205,000
No. of projects
13 30 23
6 6 2
80
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Annex 1 (to Section 5 .4)
Study Group Status Report
Question Status as at 10.02.1997 Comments
1/1 Role of telecommunications in Very few contributions were received. A Progress is slow. The outline for means economic, social and cultural Bibliography was prepared. A workshop of quantifying economic benefits has not development on Economic Quantification of the yet been prepared. The number of
Impact of Telecommunication in contributions received so far and their Development was held from quality are not sufficient yet to prepare a 26 February- I March 1996, in report in time. conjunction with ICTP Trieste. Several new Associate Rapporteurs were nominated in Nov. 1995 in order to spread the workload. The structure of the Final Report was discussed and approved after some modifications. Delegates from Bangladesh, Kenya, Mauritania, Maldives, Uganda and INMARSAT indicated their intention to prepare parts of the Report.
211 Telecommunication policies and A list of volunteers for drafting the Final The study is progressing in line with the their repercussions at the level of Report was established. Approx. Work Program. As the report is not yet institutional, regulatory and 115 replies to a Sector Survey have been finalized, there is a delay with the operational aspects of services received so far. A good coordination was training program which should start the
achieved between the study on Question dissemination of information received as 211 and BAAP Program l.It was decided a result of this study. that a training program should start soon.
311 Impact of the introduction and The Outline of the Final Report was The study is progressing in line with the utilization of new technologies on presented to the meeting in November Work Program. Due to the complexity of the commercial and regulatory 1995. A list of volunteers for the drafting this Question some delay is expected in environment of telecommunications and preparation of the Final Report was the presentation of the Final Report.
established. The draft Final Report was prepared in the end of 1996 but the further work on commercial aspects is required which needs to be treated alongside with the regulatory environment.
411 Policies and ways for financing . A Rapporteurs' team of five was set up in Due to the slowness of contributions telecommunication infrastructures order to draft the Final Report, and a from banks and development agencies, in developing countries timetable was established. The responses there is a delay in the preparation of the
to the Sector Survey received from some report. Nevertheless, several Finance 115 countries are being reviewed and Colloquium organized by the BDT were analyzed. The responses to the able to produce good contributions to this Questionnaire show that developing study. countries require training for those in charge of finance and investment. A new Rapporteur began in late 1996; a review of the report is underway.
5/1 Industrialization and transfer of The Rapporteurs report for 1996 was The study is progressing. There is now an technology prepared with reformulation of the data outline of Final Report and new data is
for Question 511. being submitted by countries.
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Question Status as at 10.02.1997 Comments
112 Special concern of developing Identification of questions of particular The study is progressing very well. countries in relation to the work of concern to developing countries which the Radiocommunication and are under study in ITU-R and ITU-T, was Telecommunication done. Also, a Questionnaire to ITU-D Standardization Sectors members was sent to establish a list of
priorities of questions/topics that require studies not to be undertaken by the other two Sectors. The Rapporteurs' Group will identify proposed new Questions and/or modify existing ones to be proposed to the World Conference. The Rapporteurs for this Question will meet in Geneva on 1 and 2 May to prepare final proposals to the September 1997 meeting of Study Group 2.
2/2 Preparation of handbooks for Material of different contributions is The study is progressing in line with the developing countries being compiled for both handbooks. Work Program but due to the lack of
good contributions some delay is expected.
3/2 Planning, management, operation, The work focused on issues arising from The study is progressing slowly. The and maintenance of the convergence of information and subject of this Question is very wide. telecommunication networks telecom technologies and on those issues Therefore, it is not easy to prepare a good
arising from the emergence of globally Final Report. harmonized and interconnected networks that affect the network planning function within developing countries as well as on technical maintenance and management training. A Draft Report is prepared to be finalized as a proposal by a meeting on 29 and 30 April 1997 for the September meeting of Study Group 2.
4/2 Communications for rural and A draft Outline for the Final Report was The study is progressing very well. The remote areas discussed. The draft Final Report is ready preliminary results have already been
with proposed draft Recommendations to presented at AF-RTDC-96 and be finalized in a Rapporteurs' meeting on AR-RTDC-96 and highly appreciated. 29 and 30 April 1997.
5/2 Human resources development and A Questionnaire was distributed. Many The study is progressing well. management responses have been received. The
preliminary analysis of the developing countries' needs in the training was presented at the last meeting in September 1996.
6/2 Impact of telecommunications in Good contact was established with many The study is progressing very well. health-care and other social organizations in the field, including services WHO. A Questionnaire on Telemedicine
was sent to all ITU-D members and received a good response. The draft of the Telemedicine handbook is ready. Several telemedicine pilot projects in developing countries were initiated. The World Telemedicine Symposium for developing countries is under preparation for 1997.
7/2 Telecommunication support for the A Questionnaire was approved during the The study is progressing in line with the protection of the environment meeting in December 1995. The outline Work Program.
of the Final Report was approved. Several good contributions were received.
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Question Status as at 10.02.1997 Comments
8/2 Public service broadcasting A Circular Letter was drafted outlining Lack of contributions caused delays in infrastructure in developing issues and requesting that contributions the implementation of the Work Program countries be submitted within a date limit of
several months. A Questionnaire was dispatched to members of ITU-D. _The analysis of responses was presented at the last meeting in September 1996 and a work plan to achieve objectives was agreed upon. A draft Final Report will be presented to the last meeting of Study Group 2 in September 1997 after being finalized at the Rapporteurs Group meeting on 30 April and 1 May 1997.
Annex2 (to Section 5 .4)
in the early phase. Nevertheless, there are improvements and the Final Report will be ready in time.
Voluntary contributions received in 1996
The table of voluntary contributions include cash contributions: in-kind contributions and the provision of conference facilities.
Donor Type of contribution Event Recipient
ABC (USA) In kind: speaker ASBU/BDTIFES Arab States Symposium on the impact of new technologies on television broadcasting in the Arab States (Tunisia, 23-25 October 1996)
ADVENT In kind: speaker ASBU/BDTIFES Arab States Communications Ltd. (Tunisia, 23-25 October 1996) (United Kingdom)
ALCATEL In kind: lecturers, fellowships Switching System-12 L ASP Region and local arrangements User Group Meeting (Beijing) (estimated value US$ 88,000)
ARD (Germany) In kind: speaker ASBU/BDTIFES Arab States (Tunisia, 23-25 October 1996)
ART (Jordan) In kind: speaker ASBU/BDTIFES Arab States (Tunisia, 23-25 October 1996)
ASBU In kind: speaker ASBU/BDTIFES Arab States (Tunisia, 23-25 October 1996)
Australian Maritime Safety In-kind consultant, one expert Follow-up to the Sydney South Pacific island countries Authority (AMSA) (estimated value 10,000 CHF) workshop on the development
of maritime radiocommuni-cation services (Suva, 26-30 August 1996)
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Donor Type of contribution Event Recipient
AVID Technology In kind: speaker ASBU/BDTIFES Arab States (United Kingdom) (Tunisia, 23-25 October 1996)
BELGACOM (Belgium) In-kind consultant, one expert Workshop on the development South Pacific island countries (estimated value 15,000 CHF) of maritime radiocommuni-
cation services (Sydney, 12-17 February 1996)
BELGACOM (Belgium) In-kind consultant, one expert Follow-up to the Sydney South Pacific island countries (estimated value 15,000 CHF) workshop on the development
of maritime radiocommuni-cation services (Suva, 26-30 August 1996)
BELGACOM (Belgium) In-kind consultant, one expert Seminar on the development Caribbean countries (estimated value 4,000 CHF) of maritime radiocommuni-
cation services (Bridgetown, 11-20 November 1996)
BR (Germany) In-kind: speaker ASBU/BDTIFES Arab States (Tunisia, 23-25 October 1996)
CANAL+ (France) In-kind: 2 speakers ASBU/BDTIFES Arab States
(Tunisia, 23-25 October 1996)
CBC (Canada) Conference facilities ASBU/BDTIFES Arab States (Tunisia, 23-25 October 1996)
CHANNEL4 In-kind: speaker ASBU/BDTIFES Arab States (United Kigndom) (Tunisia, 23-25 October 1996)
CIDA (Canada) CAD$ 50,000 Project on Telecom Fiji (Ministry of Regulation Communications)
CIDA (Canada) CAD$ 20,000 for fellowships Second Annual CTU/ITU Caribbean countries Policy Seminar (St. Lucia, 19-23 August 1996)
Colombia Workshop facilities Regional HRD Workshop AM Region Competitive Transformation of Telecom Operators
Costa rica Workshop facilities Regional HRD Workshop AM Region Competitive Transformation of Telecom Operators
DEUTSCHE TELEKOM In-kind consultant, one expert Workshop on the development South Pacific island countries (Germany) (estimated value 15,000 CHF) of maritime radiocommuni-
cation services (Sydney, 12-17 February 1996)
DMV Ltd (United Kingdom) In-kind: speaker ASBU/BDTIFES Arab States (Tunisia, 23-25 October 1996)
EBU (Switzerland) In-kind: speaker ASBU/BDTIFES Arab States (Tunisia, 23-25 October 1996)
Egypt Conference facilities HRMIHRD Network for Arab States Arab States
ENTV (Algeria) In-kind: speaker ASBU/BDTIFES Arab States (Tunisia, 23-25 October 1996)
ERICSSON TELECOM Three lecturers for one week Seminar on signaling system English-speaking African (Sweden) No. 7 (Trieste, Italy, countries
4-8 March 1996)
ERTU (Egypt) In-kind: speaker ASBU/BDTIFES Arab States (Tunisia, 23-25 October 1996)
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Donor Type of contribution Event Recipient
PES 17 fellowships. ASBU/BDT/FES (Tunisia, Arab States In-kind: speaker 23-25 October 1996)
Fiji- Forum'Secretariat Workshop facilities HRD Workshop Quality ASP Region Management
J
Gabon Workshop facilities Regional HRD Workshop French-speaking AFR Region Management for Senior Executives
Guinea Workshop facilities Regional HRD Workshop French-speaking AFR Region Management for Senior Executives
INTERNATIONAL CENTER Conference facilities Workshop on the Economic LDC's FOR THEORETICAL Quantification of the Impact PHYSICS of Telecom. on Development (Italy) (Triestre, 26 February to
1 March 1996)
International Maritime In-kind consultant, one expert Seminar on the development Caribbean countries Organization (IMO) (estimated value 10,000 CHF) of maritime radiocommuni-
cation services (Bridgetown, 11-20 November 1996)
International Mobile Satellite In~kind consultant, one expert Workshop on the development South Pacific island countries Organization (INMARSAT) (estimated value 15,000 CHF) of maritime radiocommuni-
cation services (Sydney, 12-17 February 1996)
International Mobile Satellite In-kind consultant, one expert Follow-up to the Sydney South Pacific island·countries Organization (INMARSAT) (estimated value 15,000 CHF) workshop on the development
of maritime radiocommuni-cation services (Suva, 26-30 August 1996)
International Mobile Satellite In-kind consultant, one expert Seminar on the development Caribbean countries Organization (INMARSA T) (estimated value 10,000 CHF) of maritime radiocommuni-
cation services (Bridgetown, 11-20 November 1996)
JABATAN TELEKOM Conference facilities ASP Coordination Meeting ASP Region (Malaysia) (estimated value US$ 8,000)
Jordan Workshop facilities Regional HRD Workshop ARB Region Management for Senior Executives
Kenya-KPTC Conference facilities Inter-regional HR & Training All Regions Meeting
Kyrgystan Workshop facilities Regional Manpower Planning EU -CIS Region Workshop
Maldives Conference facilities South Asian Regulatory South Asian countries (estimated value US$ 5,000) Forum (8-9 October, Male)
Maldives Conference facilities Regulatory Forum for South South Asia Asian Countries (8-9 October 1996, Male)
Mauritius Workshop facilities Regional HRD Workshop - English-speaking AFR Region TBT
Ministry of International Administration, provision of Seminar on the development Caribbean countries Trade and Business of host facilities (estimated value of maritime radiocommuni-Barbados 20,000CHF) cation services (Bridgetown,
11-20 November 1996)
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Donor Type of contribution Event Recipient
Moscow Technical University In-kind: 31 fellowships, travel Seminar on Telecommuni- Russian Federation of Communications & expenses, documentation and cations for Rural InformaticsfTRT Philips interpretation Development
Moscow (Russian Federation), 5-10 February 1996
Moscow Technical University In-kind: 27 fellowships, travel Seminar on Management Russian Federation of Communications & TEMIC expenses, documentation and Moscow (Russian Federation), (Canada) interpretation (estimated 30 September-
amount 73,000 CHF) 12 October 1996
Nepal US$ 40,340 Training seminar on Nepal (Ministry of Regulation in Bangkok and Information & Study tours in the region Communications)
NHF In-kind: 3 speakers ASBU/BDT/FES Arab States (Tunisia, 23-25 October 1996)
NHK (Japan) In-kind: speaker ASBU/BDT/FES Arab States (Tunisia, 23-25 October 1996)
Norwegian Telecom. In-kind consultant, one expert Workshop on the development South Pacific island countries Authority (Norway) (estimated value 15,000 CHF) of maritime radiocommuni-
cation services (Sydney, 12-17 February 1996)
Norwegian Telecom. In-kind consultant, one expert Follow-up to the Sydney South Pacific island countries Authority (Norway) (estimated value 15,000 CHF) workshop on the development
of maritime radiocommuni-cation services (Suva, 26-30 August 1996)
NTL (United Kingdom) In-kind: speaker ASBU/BDT/FES Arab States (Tunisia, 23-25 October 1996)
OSIPTEL Conference facilities 1st Regional Meeting of Latin America and the Telecom. Regulatory Entities Caribbean in Latin America and the Caribbean
PHILIPS BTS (Germany) 17 fellowships ASBU/BDT/FES Arab States (Tunisia, 23-25 October 1996)
QUANTEL In-kind: speaker ASBU/BDT/FES Arab States (United Kingdom) (Tunisia, 23-25 October 1996)
RAI (Italy) In-kind: speaker ASBU/BDT/FES Arab States (Tunisia, 23-25 October 1996)
ROHDE & SCHWARZ In-kind: speaker ASBU/BDT/FES Arab States (Germany) (Tunisia, 23-25 October 1996)
Singapore Workshop facilities Regional HRD Workshop - ASP Region TBT
SINGAPORE Workshop facilities TBT Workshop ASP Region TELECOM ACADEMY
SONY (United Kingdom) In-kind: speaker ASBU/BDT/FES Arab States (Tunisia, 23-25 October 1996)
SVT (Sweden) In-kind: speaker ASBU/BDT!FES Arab States (Tunisia, 23-25 October 1996)
Swaziland Workshop facilities Regional HRD Workshop English-speaking AFR Region Competitive Transformation of Telecom Operators
Swedish International In cash: US$ 40,341 Consultant for integrated rural VietNam Development Agency (SIDA) development; telecentres
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Donor Type of contribution Event Recipient
Swiss PTT Telecom Microwave terminal Training International Center for equipment Theoretical Physics, Trieste
(Italy)
Swiss PTT Telecom Microwave terminal Microwave link Ile-Ife University, Nigeria equipment
Syria Conference facilities Training management Arab States
Syria Conference facilities AR -RTDC preparatory Arab States meeting
TDF (France) In kind: speaker ASBU/BDTIFES Arab States (Tunisia, 23-25 October 1996)
TEKTRONIX (Italy) In kind: speaker ASBU/BDTIFES Arab States (Tunisia, 23-25 October 1996)
Telecomunica~oes de Administration, provision of Lake Malawi/Nyasa Kenya, Malawi and Mo~ambique (TDM) host facilities radiocommunication Mozambique
(estimated value 15,000 CHF) workshop (Maputo, 23-26 April1996)
TELEKOM Malaysia Workshop facilities Spectrum Management ASP Region Workshop (distance teaching)
TELSTRA (Australia) Administration, provision of Workshop on the development South Pacific island countries host facilities and in-kind of maritime radiocommuni-consultants cation services (Sydney, 12-(estimated value 20,000 CHF) 17 February 1996)
TELSTRA (Australia) In-kind consultant, one expert Follow-up to the Sydney South Pacific island coui1tries (estimated value 10,000 CHF) workshop on the development
of maritime radiocommuni-cation services (Suva, 26-30 August 1996)
THOMSON CONSUMER In kind: speaker ASBU/BDTIFES Arab States ELECTRONICS (France) (Tunisia, 23-25 October 1996)
---~-
Tunisia Conference facilities Conference on environment Arab States
Tunisia Workshop facilities Regional Quality French-speaking AFR Region Management Techniques
Ukraine Workshop facilities Regional HRD Workshop - EU -CIS Region TBT
UNDP/South Pacific Forum Administration & fellowships Workshop on the development South Pacific island countries Secretariat for participants of maritime radiocommuni-
(estimated value 47,000 CHF) cation services (Sydney, 12-17 February 1996)
UNDP/South Pacific Forum Administration & fellowships Follow-up to the Sydney South Pacific island countries Secretariat for participants workshop on the development
(estimated value 47,000 CHF) of maritime radiocommuni-cation services (Suva, 26-30 August 1996)
US Federal Communication In-kind consultant, one expert Seminar on the development Caribbean countries Commission (FCC) (estimated value 4,000 CHF) of maritime radiocommuni-
ca~ion services (Bridgetown, 11-20 November 1996)
VietNam DGPT Conference facilities Subregional Telecom Cambodia Development Meeting for LaoPDR CMB, LAO, VIE VietNam
Donor
VietNam Post & Telecom Training Center No. 1, Hanoi
VietNam Post & Telecom Training Center No. 2, Ho Chi Minh City
Yemen
-76-
Type of contribution Event
Workshop facilities
Workshop facilities
Conference facilities
HRMIHRD Workshop
Corporate Planning Workshop
Training course on development
Annex3 (to Section 5.4)
Recipient
ASP Region
ASP Region
Arab States
Projects under implementation and pipeline projects in all the regions
Africa Region
Country Title Total amount
in US$
Projects under implementation
Mali Implementation of Telecommunication Master Plan 485,000
Zaire Assistance for telecommunications 552,000
Benin Purchase of teaching strengthening 187,000
SADCC Telecoms sector development strengthening 450,000
Pipeline projects
Eritrea Preparation of Telecommunication Master Plan 450,000
Gambia Broadcasting Development Plan 380,000
Sierra Leone Preparation of Telecommunication Master Plan 660,000
Zaire Telecommunication sector preparatory assistance 1,200,000
Rwanda Restoration of Telecommunication Training Centre 2,086,000
CAR Updating of Telecommunication Master Plan 486,000
Comores Updating of Telecommunication Master Plan 700,000
Burundi Training in Telecommunications 194,000
-77-
Americas Region
Country Title Total amount
in US$
Projects under implementation
Aruba Telecommunications Development 64,000
Brazil Modernization of the Brazilian Telecommunication System 30,000,000
Structural reform of Brazilian Telecommunication Sector 5,000,000
Chile Network Planning 35,000
Colombia Consultancy in data transmission 57,000
TELECOM restructuring 340,000
Improvement of grade of service and network design for the period 1997-2000 70,000
Network interconnection 12,000
Supervision of implementation of radio spectrum control, monitoring and 55,000 management system
Ecuador Measurement and monitoring systems 10,400,000
El Salvador Telephone directories - evaluation and bidding 62,000
Guatemala Strengthening of regulatory body 430,000
Honduras Institutional strengthening 125,000
Radio emission monitoring system 9,000,000
Development of operational technical management 660,000
Institutional strengthening 121,000
Monitoring station - Additional works 120,000
Panama Analysis and solving of harmful interference problems 500,000
Paraguay Integrated five-year plan for telecommunications 460,000 ..
Structuring and development of regulatory body 600,000
Peru Management support for OSIPTEL 500,000
Information and documentation service 150,000
Human resource training and development 100,000
Rural telecommunication pilot project 180,000
Radio spectrum management and control system 4,100,000
Dominican Rep. Consolidation of sector's regulatory framework 700,000
Suriname Integrated Rural Development 40,000
Uruguay Frequency management system 3,000,000
Central America Support for follow up to telecommunication sectoral meeting 110,000
Caribbean CANA Regional Satellite News Network 260,000 Countries
Pipeline projects
Argentina Study of Argentine telecommunications transformation process 210,000
Support for strengthening priority areas of the Comisi6n Nacional de las 2,200,000 Comunicaciones
Colombia Strengthening of the Empresa de Telecomunicaciones de Santafe de Bogota 27,000,000
Ecuador Telecommunication services quality control system 2,500,000
-78-
Arab States Region
Country Title Budget in US$
Projects under implementation
Djibouti DJI/87/002, TELECOM staff training 685,800
Libya Lffi/88/007, Master Plan 1,168,200
Lffi/97 /001, Telecommunications Training Development, phase I 980,100
Saudi Arabia SAU/89/003, Advisory Services to Ministry of PTT 3,902,400
Tunisia 9TUN/92/01, Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches des Telecommunications 302,500
Yemen YEM/92/054, Development of Radio and TV Broadcasting 775,000
Pipeline projects
Algeria Telecommunication Master Plan 611,500
Kuwait Modernization of the Training Centre 1,056,800
Supervision of Restructuring and Privatization Process 350,000
Lebanon Establishment of Telecommunication Training Centre 4,840,000
Libya Telecommunication Training Development, phase ll 968,800
Broadcasting Training Development 2,435,000
Morocco Telecommunication Master Plan "Development of planning model and 400,000 methodology"
Palestine Establishment of Telecommunication Training Centre 5,336,700
Telecommunication Master Plan 1,420,000
Advisory Assistance 180,000
Saudi Arabia Telecommunication Operation and Maintenance Advisory Services 488,000
Telecommunication Operation and Maintenance Training Services 926,400
Experts for Satellite and Tariffs (Ministry of PTT) 500,000
Tunisia Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches des Telecommunications, phase ll 137,000
UAE Training on Frequency Management and Monitoring 1,358,900
Regional MODARABTEL, Modem Arab Telecommunications Development, phase ll 376,000
Regional Regional Telecommunications Development for Rural Areas, RURTEL 340,000
Regional GLOSSARABTEL 520,000
Regional TRAINTEL (Modern Telecommunication Training) 608,260
Regional Regional Cooperation in Research and Development and Local Manufacturing of 907,750 Equipment
Regional INMARTEL 616,000
Regional DEVMARTEL 284,000
-79-
Asia Region
Country Title Budget in US$
Projects under implementation
India Quality Assurance in Telecommunication Pr9ducts, Components and Materials 396,000
India Human Resource Development 3,899,000
South Pacific region Regional Telecommunication Development and Training (FORUM) 197,000
Sri Lanka Strengthening of the Telecommunication Authority 734,000 ~
, Tokelau Tokelau Telecommunication Project 438,000
Papua New Guinea Costing and Tariffing of Telecommunication Services 583,000
Pakistan Strengthening of the Training Capability of the PTC 2,931,000
Cambodia Telecommunication Development Support 1,358,000
VietNam Integrated Rural Development Project 320,000
Tonga Assistance for the Domestic Satellite Network Project 166,000
Pipeline projects
Bangladesh Human Resource Development in Telecommunications 2,699,000 !
Bangladesh Strengthening of the Radio Frequency Management Activities 1.10,0,000
India Enhancing the Capabilities of the Engineering Centre in New and Emerging 9Q9,000 Technologies
:
Iran (Islamic Rep.) Frequency Management 300,000
Kiribati Expansion of the Telecommunication Network to the Outer Islands 1,300,000
Nepal Upgrading of the Telecommunication Training Centre 1,200,000
Sri Lanka Upgrading of the TTC (Human Resource :Development and Strengthening of 930,000 Training Capabilities in Emerging Telecom Technologies
Sri Lanka Establishment of a Research and Development Unit 700,000
Asia Pacific Region Telecommunication Legislative and Regulatory Assistance to LDCs and low- 3,000 income countries
Asia Pacific Region Establishment of Regional Information System 740,000
ASEAN countries ISDN Connectivity and Roaming for Cellular Radio Services 3,200,000
South Pacific Maritime Radiocommunication System 20,000,000 Region
-80-
Europe Region
Country Title Budget in US$
Projects under implementation
Bosnia & Overview of the Telecommunications Sector 165,000 Herzegovina
Czech Republic Assistance in Management and H.R.D. in Telecommunications 220,000
Slovak Republic Assistance in Economic Management & HRD in Telecommunications 220,000
Malta New International Telephone Exchange 19,027
Malta Telecommunication Training Centre 293,800
Uzbekistan Adviser to the Ministry of Communications 179,000
-81-
6. Administration of the Union
6.1 Staff matters
a) The staffing table in the 1996 budget comprised 773 posts, 697 of them permanent. The following changes occurred during the year among staff with permanent or fixed-term contracts: 22 retirements, 8 resignations, 2 deaths. One fixed-term contract was not renewed. As on 31 December 1996, 29 officials were working part-time.
b) The following tables (Tables 1 to 4) show the staff situation as of 31 December 1996. Where applicable the figures for the preceding year are shown in parentheses for comparison purposes.
c) Short-term contracts (Table 2) have been established to ensure necessary reinforcement of staff during conferences and meetings, for temporary increase in urgent work, shift work or prolonged sick leave of essential staff.
d) The principle of geographical distribution applies to elected officials -and staff in the senior counsellor and professional categories (excluding language staff). (The principle does not apply to posts in the General Service category.) The geographical distribution at the end of 1996 is shown in Table 4 and concerns staff employed by ITU except for language staff, technical assistance project personnel and short-term staff.
Table 1
Distribution of staff between the General Secretariat and the Sectors of the Union (excluding staff on short-term contracts and projet personnel)
General Secretariat Elected Number of contracts
Sector Officials Permanent 1) Fixed-term2) MRT
General Secretariat 2 (2) 339 (353) 72 (66) 5
BR 1 (1) 121 (122) 18 (15) -
TSB 1 (1) 41 (38) 3 (3) -
BDT 1 (1) 46 (25) 49 (75) -
TOTAL 5 (5) 547 (538) 142 (159) 5
(The figures for 1995 are shown in parentheses)
1) Including probationary contracts. 2) Including initial fixed-term contracts which might be converted to MRT contracts.
Table 2 - Staff on short-term contracts
Total
(-) 418 (421)
(-) 140 (138)
(-) 45 (42)
(-) 96 (101)
(-) 699 (702)
. Number of contracts Total number of working days
Interpreters 594 (909) 2 369 (4 418)
Engineers, engineer-editors 22 (16) 1164 (980)
Programmer-analysts, Programmers 12 (15) 1144 (1 260)
Translator/revisers, precis-writers 122 (129) 5 247 (6 306)
Administrative Officers 32 (32) 2211 (3 003)
Secretaries, Computer clerks 215 (257) 15 976 (21 204)
Programming assistants 55 (43) 4142 (4 182)
Text composition clerks 64 (72) 5 112 (5 865)
Typists, operators 234 (328) 15 045 (16 290)
Document/reproduction operators 94 (124) 6482 (6 852)
Dispatching clerks and other staff 284 (202) 8 778 (7 637)
TOTAL 1728 (2127) 67670 (77 997)
(The figures for 1995 are shown in parentheses in columns 2 and 4)
Grade General Secretariat
Elected 2
Perm. Ff MRT
D.1 6 1 1 P.5 18 6 1 P.4 33 5 -
P.3 31 11 1 P.2 5 6 -
P.1 - - -
Total P and above 93 29 3
categories 127
Perm. Ff MRT
0.7 29 - 1 0.6 57 13 1 0.5 79 12 -
0.4 43 12 -
0.3 31 5 -
0.2 7 1 -
0.1 - - -
Total 246 43 2
0 category 291
Total all categories 339 74 5
TOTAL 418
Perm.= permanent, including probationary contracts.
Table3 Distrtibution of staff according to gradea
(excluding staff on short-term contracts and projet personnel)
TSB BR
1 1
Perm. Ff MRT Perm. Ff MRT Perm.
2 - - 5 - - 1 7 - - 14 2 - 2 3 1 - 27 7 - 4 3 - - 8 1 - 1 - - - - 2 - 1 - - - - 1 - -
15 1 - 54 13 - 9
17 68
Perm. Ff MRT Perm. Ff MRT Perm.
3 - - 15 - - 8 21 1 - 28 2 - 11 1 1 - 16 - - 14 1 - - 7 3 - 3 - - - 1 - - 1 - - - - - - -
- - - - - - -
26 2 - 67 5 - 37
28 72
41 4 - 121 19 - 46
45 140
Ff=
MRT=
Fixed-Term, including initial fixed-term contracts which might be converted to MRT contracts.
Managed Renewable Term
BDT Total
1 5
Ff MRT Perm. Ff MRT
2 - 14 3 1 29 - 41 37 1 9 - 67 22 -
1 - 43 13 1 1 - 6 9 -
- - - 1 -
42 - 171 85 3
52 264
Ff MRT Perm. Ff MRT
- - 55 - 1 3 - 117 19 1 4 - 110 17 -- - 54 15 -
- - 33 5 -
- - - 1 -- - - - -
7 - 376 57 2
44 435
50 - 547 147 5
96 699
Note: The above table shows the grades of staff members, those receiving a special post allowance granted upon a recommendation by the Appointment and Promotion Board being shown in the grade for which they receive the allowance
00 N I
Country
Argentina Brazil Canada Chile Colombia Costa Rica Ecuador United States Haiti Jamaica Peru Uruguay Venezuela
Germany Austria Belgium Spain Finland France Greece Ireland Italy Norway Netherlands Portugal United Kingdom Sweden Switzerland Turkey
Bulgaria Hungary The former Yugoslav Rep. of Macedonia Poland Slovak Republic Czech Republic Russia Slovenia (Rep.) Ukraine Yugoslavia
-83-
Table 4
Geographical distribution of staff on 31 December 1996 (excluding project personnel)
Elect. D.l P.5 P.4 P.3 Offic.
Region A - Americas (33 countries)
1 1 2 (1) 3 1
1 2 2 4 1 (2)
2 (1) - (1) - (1) 1 1 5 9 (8) 3 (4)
1 (-) 1 1
1 2
Region B- Western Europe (33 countries)
1 2 3 3 2 - (1) 1 (-) - (2)
2 1 1 2 1 (-)
1 2 1 (-) 1 5 (4) 8 3 (6)
1 - (1)
2 (3) 1 1 1 (-) 1 1
1 2
3 2 (1) 4 2 2 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (2) 5 (6)
1 1
Region C - Eastern Europe and Northern Asia (20 countries)
2 1 1 2
1
1 1 1 1
1 3 4 1 1 1 1 1
P.2 P.l Total
1 7 (6)
10 (11)
1 1 2 (3) 1 1
17 1 (-) 1 1
3 1 (-) 1 (-)
11
1 (3) 3
1 5 (4) 4 (3)
2 (3) 19 (22) 1
- (1)
1* - (1) 6 (7) 2
1 2 2
1 (2) 10 5 (6)
3 (4) 13 (15)
2
3 3 1
2 1 1
1 (-) 9 (8)
1 2 2
Country
Algeria
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cameroon
Cote d'Ivoire
Egypt
Ethiopia
Ghana
Guinea
Kenya
Mali
Morocco
Mauritius
Uganda
Sierra Leone
Sudan
South Africa (Rep.)
Tunisia
Australia
China
Korea (Rep. of)
India
Iran (Islamic Rep. of)
Iraq
Japan
Jordan
Pakistan
Singapore
Sri Lanka
Syrian Arab Republic
VietNam
TOTAL - 70 countries
* 1 post paid on funds-in-trust
-84-
Table 4 (end)
Geographical distribution of staff on 31 December 1996 (excluding project personnel)
Elect. D.l P.S P.4 P.3 Offic.
Region A -Africa (52 countries)
1 (2) 2 (1) 2 1
1
2
1 1
1
1 - (1)
1
1 1
1 1
1
1 1 1 (2)
3
1
1
1
1
1 - (-) 1 (-)
Region E- Asia and Australasia (49 countries)
- (1) 2 2 2
1 1 1 1
2
4 (3) 4 (3) 3 (4)
1 1
1 (-) 1 2 1 1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
5 18 (23) 73 (69) 74 (71) 45 (52)
P.2
1 (-)
1 (-)
13
(Wherever changes have taken place, the figure for 1995 appears in parentheses.)
6.2 Financial matters
P.l Total
6
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
3 (2)
1
3 (4)
3
1
1
1
1
2
6 (7)
4
2
11 (10)
2
1 (-)
5
1
1
1
1
2
1
1 229 (234)
The financial year 1996, which is the first year of the biennium 1996/1997, was governed by the Constitution and Convention of the International Telecommunication Union (Geneva, 1992, amended in Kyoto 1994), as well as by the 1994 edition of the Financial Regulations of the Union.
-8,5-
6.2.1 Budget of the Union for 1996/1997
a) The Council approved at its 1995 session the 1996/1997 Budget of the Union by Resolution 1071 which amounted to 294,862,000 Swiss francs for the Ordinary budget and 28,035,000 Swiss francs for the Publications budget. At its 1996 session, the Council increased the appropriations by 8,260,000 Swiss francs (Resolution 1088). Taking into account the additional appropriations of 224,196 Swiss francs, the Ordinary budget thus amounts to 303,346,196 Swiss francs.
b) In Resolution 1071, the Council established the amount of the contributory unit for Member States at 332,000 Swiss francs for 1996 (330,000 for 1995) and at 334,000 Swiss francs for 1997 on the basis of 362 9/16 units in all. In the same Resolution, the Council established at 66,400 and 66,800 Swiss francs (66,000 for 1995) the amounts of the 1996 and 1997 contributory unit for the Sector Members, i.e. at 1/5 of the contributory unit of Member States. Details are given in Annex 2 (page 113).
6.2.1.1 Income and expenditure
6.2.1.2 Ordinary budget
a) The budgeted income for 1996/1997 was 303,346,196.00 Swiss francs. The actual income for 1996 amounts to 164,834,059.32 Swiss francs (158,671,469.09 in 1995). Details are given in Annex 2 (page 113).
b) The assessed income from Member States for 1996 was budgeted at 120,371,000.00 Swiss francs. The contributions actually posted to account and considered as income amount to 122,093,916.70 Swiss''francs (125,028,750.00 in 1995), mainly due to increased contributions by one Member State as well as contributions by two new Member States not budgeted for.
c) The assessed income for 1996 from Sector Members was estimated at 18,322,000.00 Swiss francs. As a result of a net increase in the participation of entities compared with the Budget, total contributions posted to account amount to 20,104,650.00 Swiss francs (20,210,167.50 in 1995).
d) Expenditures recorded on 31 December 1996 amounted to 142,684,642.73 Swiss francs (143,503,023.78 in 1995) The appropriations and expenditures on 31 December 1996 for the 199611997 Ordinary budget are g'fven in Annex 2 (page 113).
6.2.1.3 Publications budget
Expenditure and income relating to the production and sale of publications are shown in the Publications budget. The actual expenditure in 1996 amounted to 11,568,125.11 Swiss francs and the income to 12,638,025.25 Swiss francs. Details are given in Annex 2 (page 113).
6.2.2 Assets and liabilities
6.2.2.1 Assets
6.2.2.2 Cash and term deposits
Due to timely payments by most of the Union's contributors, the liquidity remained satisfactory throughout the year. 95.3% of the 1996 contributions were actually received by 31 December 1996 (94.7% in 1995). No funds had to be sought from the Government of the Swiss Confederation during the year.
-86-
6.2.2.3 Accounts receivable
a) The amounts owed to the Union by the Member States for assessed 1996 contributions were 5,635,267.15 Swiss francs (6,297,907.35 in 1995). Member States' arrears for contributions amounted to 31,595,988.70 Swiss francs (28,894,286.35 in 1995). The amounts in the Special Arrears Accounts stood at 5,859,667.80 Swiss francs (6,471,390.54 in 1995).
b) The amounts owed to the Union by the Sector Members for assessed 1996 contributions were 1,113,012.90 Swiss francs (1,421,595.55 in 1995). Sector Members' arrears for contributions amounted to 2,643,827.30 Swiss francs (3,097 ,604.35 in 1995).
c) The current receivable for the sale of publications amounted to 2,252,863.80 Swiss francs (3,542,703.95 in 1995) and the arrears to 2,108,166.75 Swiss francs (2,104,560.80 in 1995).
6.2.2.4 Land and buildings
At its 1996 session, the Council authorized the use of 507,000 Swiss francs, in addition to 3,900,000 Swiss francs authorized earlier, for prefinancing the construction of the "Montbrillant Building". By 31 December 1996, 4,479,427.14 Swiss francs have been used for this purpose.
6.2.2.5 Liabilities
6.2.2.6 Special funds
The position of special funds and reserves is given in the Interim Statement of Assets and Liabilities in Annex 2 (page 113).
ANNEXES
Annex 1
Position of Members in relation to the Acts of the Union on 31 December 1996
Annex2
Budget and Accounts for 1996
-88-
Annex 1
POSITION OF MEMBERS IN RELATION TO THE ACTS OF THE UNION ON 31 DECEMBER 1996
Table I.
Table Il.
Table Ill.
Table IV.
Final Acts of Geneva ( 1992), Kyoto ( 1994) and Administrative Regulations:
Constitution and Convention of the International Telecommunication Union (Geneva, 1992);
Optional Protocol on the Compulsory Settlement of Disputes Relating to the Constitution, to the Convention and to the Administrative Regulations (Geneva, 1992);
Amendments to the Constitution and Convention (Kyoto, 1994);
International Telecommunication Regulations (Melbourne, 1988);
Radio Regulations (Geneva, 1979);
Partial revision of the Radio Regulations (W ARC for the Mobile Services, Geneva, 1983) (MOB-83);
Partial revision of the Radio Regulations (W ARC on the Use of the Geostationary-Satellite Orbit and the Planning of the Space Services Utilizing It, Geneva, 1985) (ORB-85);
Partial revision of the Radio Regulations (W ARC for the Planning of the HF Bands Allocated to the Broadcasting Service, Geneva, 1987) (HFBC-87);
Partial revision of the Radio Regulations (W ARC for the Mobile Services, Geneva, 1987) (MOB-87);
Partial revision of the Radio Regulations (W ARC on the Use of the Geostationary-Satellite Orbit and the Planning of the Space Services Utilizing It, Geneva, 1988) (ORB-88);
Partial revision of the Radio Regulations (W ARC for Dealing with Frequency Allocations in Certain Parts of the Spectrum, Malaga-Torremolinos, 1992) (W ARC-92);
Partial revision of the Radio Regulations (WRC for Dealing with Frequency Allocations in Certain Parts of the Spectrum, Geneva, 1995) (WRC-95).
Final Acts of the World Administrative Radio Conference for the Planning of the Broadcasting-Satellite Service in Frequency Bands 11. 7-12.2 GHz (in Regions 2 and 3) and 11. 7-12.5 GHz (in Region 1) (Geneva, 1977 ).
Regional Agreement concerning the use by the broadcasting service of frequencies in the medium frequency bands in Regions 1 and 3 and in the low frequency bands in Region 1 (Geneva, 1975).
Regional Agreement concerning the Use of the Band 87.5-108 MHzfor FM Sound Broadcasting (Region 1 and part of Region 3) (Geneva, 1984 ).
Table V.
Table VI.
Table VII.
...:.89-
Regional Agreement concerning the Maritime Mobile aTul the Aeronautical Radionavigation Services in the MF Band (Region 1) (Geneva, 1985).
American Regional Agreements:
Inter-American Radio Agreement (FIAR) (Washington, 1949)~
North-American Regional Broadcasting Agreement (NARBA) (Washington, 1950)~
Regional Agreement relating to MF Broadcasting Service in Region 2 (Rio de Janeiro, 1981 )~
Regional Agreement concerning the Use of the Band 1605-1705 kHz in Region 2 (Rio de Janeiro, 1988).
European Regional Agreements and Protocol:
Regional Agreement for the Use of Frequencies in the Bands 68-73 MHz and 76-87.5 MHz by the Broadcasting Service on the one hand and by the Fixed and Mobile Services on the other (Geneva, 1960);
Regional Agreement for the European Broadcasting Area (Stockholm, 1961)~
Protocol amending the Stockholm Agreement (Geneva, 1985)~
Regional Agreement for the Planning of Maritime Radionavigation Service (Radio beacons) in the European Maritime Area (Geneva, 1985).
Table VIII. African Regional Agreements and Protocols:
IX.
Regional Agreement for the African Broadcasting Area concerning the use of frequencies -by the broadcasting service in the very high frequency and ultra high frequency bands (Geneva, 1963)~
Protocol amending this agreement (Geneva, 1985)~
Protocol abrogating those parts of this agreement, which are still in force (Geneva, 1989);
Regional Agreement relating to the Planning of VHF/UHF Television Broadcasting in the ~~frican Broadcasting Area and Neighbouring Countries (Geneva, 1989).
Special Agreements.
Table I. Final Acts of Geneva (1992), Kyoto (1994) and Administrative Regulations
POSITION ON 31 DECEMBER 1996
The letter S means that the Act concerned has been signed. The letter A in columns 3, 5 or 7 means accession; in the other columns, it means approval.
GENEVA (1992)
Constitution and
MEMBERS (In the alphabetical order of the
French version of the country names)
1 2
Afghanistan (Islamic State of) ........... 1116
Albania (Republic of) ........................ 114
Algeria (People's Dem Rep of)) ........ 1
Germany (Federal Republic of) ......... 30
Andorra (Principality of) .................. 114
Angola (Republic of) ......................... 114
Antigua and Barbuda ......................... 1116
Saudi Arabia (Kingdom of) ............... 10
Argentine Republic ............................ 112
Armenia (Republic of) ....................... 114
Australia ............................................. 15
Austria ................................................ 1
Azerbaijani Republic ......................... 114
Bahamas (Commonwealth of the) ..... 112
Bahrain (State of) ............................... 112
Bangladesh (People's Republic of) .... 118
Barbados ............................................ 114
Belarus (Republic of) ....................... 114
Belgium .............................................. 5
Belize ................................................. 118
Benin (Republic of) ........................... 1/4
Bhutan (Kingdom of) ............. .. .. .. .. .. . 118
Bolivia (Republic ot) ....... .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. . 1/4
Bosnia and Herzegovina (Republic ot) 1116
Botswana (Republic of)..................... 112
Brazil (Federative Republic of)......... 3
Brunei Darussalam . .. .... ... .. ...... .. . .. .. .. . 112
3
s 1)
s s 1)
s 1)
A
-
-
s 1)
s 1)
A
s 1)
s 1)
-s
s 1)
A
s s 1)
s 1)
A
s 1)
s A
A
s s
SI)
Bulgaria (Republic of) ..................... .. 114 SI)
Burkina Faso .................................... .
Burundi (Republic of) ...................... .
118 s 1)
1116 s 1)
Cambodia (Kingdom of).................... 1116
Cameroon (Republic of) ................... .
Canada .............................................. .
Cape Verde (Republic of) ................. .
Central African Republic .................. .
Chile .................................................. .
1 s 1)
18 s 1)
118 s 1116 s
SI)
China (People's Republic of)............. 10 SI)
Cyprus (Republic of)......................... 1/4 S I)
Vatican City State.............................. 114 S
Colombia (Republic of)..................... 1 S 1)
Comoros (Islamic Federal Rep. ofthe) 1/16 S
Congo (Republic of the).................... 114 A
Korea (Republic of)........................... 5 S 1)
Costa Rica.......................................... 1/4
Cote d'lvoire (Republic of)................ 1/4 S 1)
Croatia (Republic of)......................... 114 S
Cuba................................................... 1/4 S 1)
Denmark ............................................ 5 S 1)
Djibouti (Republic of) ...... .. .. .. .. .... ..... 118 S
Dominican Republic.......................... 112
Dominique (Commonwealth of the) 1/16 A
Egypt (Arab Republic ot) .................. 112 S
El Salvador (Republic of).................. 114 S
United Arab Emirates........................ 1 S 1)
Ecuador.............................................. 1/2 A
Eritrea ............................................... .
Spain ................................................. .
Estonia (Republic of) ........................ .
118
8
1/4
A
s 1)
SI)
Convention
Date on which the
instrument of ratification, acceptance,
approval or accession was deposited with
the General Secretariat
4
13.08.1996 33)
08.10.1996
24.01.1994
29.09.1995
29.09.1994 5)
04.08.1994
12.07.1996
28.07.1994
15.06.1994 5)
09.11.1993
16.04.1996
30.12.1993
02.09.1994
09.09.1994
21.10.1994
18. 04.1995
21.06.1993 5)
11.05.1995
01.11.1995
03.05.1996 28)
09.08.1994
05.08.1994
22.03.1996
03.06.1994
25.11.1996
18.06.1993
28.10.1996
15.05.1996
02.08.1995
01.08.1994
31.01.1994
15.04.1996 27)
23.01.1996
Optional Protocol
5
s s -
-
-
-
-
s -
-
s s -
s s -s s s A
s s
A
s s s s s s
s s s s s
s
s s A
s
s
s s s
s
s
s
Date on which the
instrument of ratification, acceptance,
approval or accession was deposited with
the General Secretariat
6
29.09.1994
12.07.1996
15.06.1994
07.12.1993
02.09.1994
21.06.1993
01.11.1995
09.08.1994
05.08.1994
18.06.1993
15.05.1996
02.08.1995
23.01.1996
KYOTO (1994) ADMINISTRATIVE REGULATIONS
Amendments to the Constitution and RADIO REGULATIONS
Convention
Date on which Intema-tional
the Telecom- Partial Partial Partial Partial Partial Partial instrument of
munication Geneva, Revision Revision Revision Revision Revision Revision ratification,
!Regulations 1979 Geneva, Geneva, Geneva, Geneva, Geneva, Malaga-acceptance,
Melbourne, 1983 1985 1987 1987 1988 Torremoli-approval
1988 MOB-83 ORB-85 HFBC-87 MOB-87 ORB-88 nos, 1992
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Partial Revision Geneva,
1995 WRC-95
25
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United States of America................... 30 S 1) . s 25) S A 4) _, S A 9) S A 4) S A 4) S S A 4) S A 4) S S
Ethiopia (Fed. Dem. Rep. ot) ............ 1116 S 1) 13.10.1994 s s 25) S A 6) S A S A 6) S A 6) A 6) S A 6) S A 6) S A 6) S
I \0 0 I
I \0 -
Table I. Final Acts of Geneva (1992), Kyoto (1994) and Administrative Regulations (continued)
GENEVA (1992) KYOTO (1994) ADMINISTRATIVE REGULATIONS
Constitution and Amendments to the
Convention Optional Protocol Constitution and RADIO REGULATIONS Convention
Date on which Intema-
MEMBERS Date on which Date on which
tional the the the
Telecom- Partial Partial Partial Partial Partial (In the alphabetical order of the instrument of instrument of instrument of Revision Revision Revision Revision Revision French version of the country names) munication Geneva, ratification, ratification, ratification,
!Regulations 1979 Geneva, Geneva, Geneva, Geneva, Geneva, acceptance, acceptance, acceptance,
Melbourne, 1983 1985 1987 1987 1988 approval approval approval
1988 MOB-83 ORB-85 HFBC-87 MOB-87 ORB-88 or accession was or accession was or accession was deposited with deposited with deposited with
the General the General the General Secretariat Secretariat Secretariat
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
Fiji (Republic of) ................................ 114 SI) s s 25) s s A3) - A3) - - - -Finland ................................................ 5 SI) 30.05.1996 30) s 30.05.1996 s 25) 30.05.1996 s A2) s A3) s A3) s A2) s A2) s A2) s A2)
France ................................................. 30 SI) 18.05.1994 - s 25) s A4) s A3) s A6) s A6) s A6) s A6) s A6)
Gabonese Republic ............................. 114 SI) s s 25) s A2) s A3) - A3) s A3) s A2) - A2) s A2)
Gambia (Republic of the) ................... 118 s s s - - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) - -Georgia ............................................... 1/4 A 20.06.1994 - s - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3)
Ghana .................................................. 114 SI) s s 25) s A2) s A3) - A3) s A3) s A2) - A2) s A2)
Greece ................................................. 1 SI) s s 25) s A s A s A3) s s s s Grenada ............................................... 1/16 s s - - - - - - - -Guatemala (Republic of) .................... 1/4 - - - s s A3) - A3) s A3) - - -Guinea (Republic of) .......................... 118 s 1) 05.08.1994 s 05.08.1994 s 25) s A2) s A3) s A3) s A3) s A2) s A2) s A2) Guinea-Bissau (Republic of) .............. 1/8 - - - - - - - - - -Equatorial Guinea (Republic of) ........ 118 - - - - - A3) - A3) - - - -Guyana ................................................ 114 A 19.08.1994 - s 25) - A6) s A3) - A3) - A6) - A6) - A6) - A6)
Haiti (Republic of) .............................. 118 A 22.05.1995 - - - A6) s A - A6) - A6) - A6) - A6) - A6)
Honduras (Republic of) ...................... 114 s s - - s A3) - A3) s s - -Hungary (Republic of) ........................ 1 s 1) s s 25) s s A s A s s A s s India (Republic of) ............................. 5 s 1) 03.11.1995 5) s s 25) s A6) s A s A3) s A6) s A s A6) s A6)
Indonesia (Republic of) ...................... 1 s 1) 16.04.1996 5) s s 25) 16.04.1996 s A6) s A3) s A3) s A6) s A6) s A6) s A6)
Iran (Islamic Republic of) .................. 1 s 1) 11.07.1996 s s 25) 11.07.1996 5) s A6) s A3) s A3) s A6) s A6) s A6) s A6)
Iraq (Republic of) ............................... 114 - - - s s A3) s A3) s s s s Ireland ................................................. 2 s 1) 16.10.1996 35) s 16.10.1996 s 25) 16.10.1996 35) s A6) s A3) s A3) s A3) s A3) s A6) s A6)
Iceland ................................................ 114 s 1) s s 25) s s A3) s A3) - s - s Israel (State of) ................................... 1 s 1) 25.08.1994 s s 25) s A6) s A3) s A6) s A6) s A6) s A6) s A6) Italy ..................................................... 20 s 1) 03.05.1996 29) s 03.05.1996 s 25) 03.05.1996 s A6) s A s A s A6) s A s A s A
Jamaica ............................................... 114 s s s - s A - A3) s - - -Japan ................................................... 30 s 1) 18.01.1995 s 18.01.1995 s 25) s A s A s A s A s A s A 10) s A
Jordan (Hashemite Kingdom of) ........ 1/2 s 1) 16.10.1995 s 16.10.1995 s 25) - A2) s A3) s A2) s A2) s A2) s A2) s A2)
Kazakstan (Republic of) ..................... 1/4 A 05.09.1994 - s - A3) - A3l - A3l - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3)
Kenya (Republic of) ........................... 114 s 1) 25.08.1994 s 25.08.1994 s 25) s A6) s A3l s A3) s A6) s A s A6) s A6)
Kiribati (Republic of) ......................... 118 - - - - - A3) - A3) - A3) - - -Kuwait (State of) ................................ 3 SI) s s 25) s s A3) s A3) s s s s Lao People's Democratic Republic .... 1116 A 24.01.1994 A 24.01.1994 s 25) - A6) - A3) - A6) - A6) - A6l - A6) - A6)
Lesotho (Kingdom of) ........................ 1116 SI) s s - s A3) - A3) - s - -Latvia (Republic of) .......................... 114 s 1) s s 25) - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3)
The Former Yug. Rep. of Macedonia 118 A 11.07.1994 - s 25) - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3)
Lebanon .............................................. 1/4 SI) s s 25) s s A3) - A3) s A - s s Liberia (Republic of) .......................... 1/4 s s - - s A3l s A3) s A3) s s ·s Libya (Soc. People's Lib. Arab Jam.) 1 - - s 25) - s A3) - A3) s A3) s s s Liechtenstein (Principality of) ........... 1/2 SI) 02.01.1995 24) s 02.01.1995 s 25) 28.11.1996 1) s A6) s A3) - A3) - A6) - A6) - A6) s A6)
Lithuania (Republic of) ..................... 1 SI) s - - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) Luxembourg ....................................... 1/2 s 1) s s 25) s s A3) - s s - s Madagascar (Republic of) .................. 1/8 s 03.06.1996 s 03.06.1996 s 03.06.1996 s A6) s A3) s A3) s A3) s A6) s A6) s A6) Malaysia ............................................. 1 s 1) 11.04.1994 - s 25) s A6) s A 3) s A3) s A6) s A6) s A6) s A6) Malawi ................................................ 118 s 1) s s 25) - s A3) - A3) s - - -Maldives (Republic of) ...................... 118 A 22.08.1994 - s s A6) - A3) - A3) - A6) s A6) - A6) - A6) Mali (Republic of) .............................. 118 s 25.04.1995 s s 25) s A6) s A3) - A3) s A3). s A6) s A6) s A6) Malta ................................................... 114 SI) 30.08.1995 5) s 30.08.1995 s 25) 11.11.1996 4) s A4) s A3) - A6) s A6l s A6) s A6) s A6) Morocco (Kingdom of) ...................... 1 SI) 09.05.1996 - s 25) 09.05.1996 s A6) s A3) s A3) s A3) s A3) s A6) s A6) Marshal! Islands (Rep. of the) 1/4 A 22.02.1996 - A 22.02.1996 - A6) - A6) - A6) - A6) - A6) - A6) - A6) Mauritius (Republic of) ...................... 114 A 06.12.1993 A 06.12.1993 s s A6l s A3) - A3) - A6) - A6) - A6) - A6l Mauritania (Islamic Republic of) ....... 114 s 1) s s 25) - s A3) s A3) - A3) s A3) s s Mexico ................................................ 1 s 1) 27.09.1993 11) s 27.09.1993 s 25) s A4) s A4) s A2) s A4) s A4l s A4) s A2) Micronesia (Federated States of) ....... 114 A 07.08.1995 - - - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) Moldova (Republic of) ....................... 1/4 s - s - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) Monaco (Principality of) .................... 114 s 1) s s 25) s s A3) s A3). s s s s Mongolia ............................................ 1/4 s 1) - s 25) - s A3) - A3) s - s Mozambique (Republic of) ................ 1116 A 19.09.1994 - s - A6) s A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) - A6) - A6) Myanmar (Union of) .......................... 118 SI) - - - - A3) - A3) - - - -Namibia (Republic of) ........................ 114 A 04.08.1994 13) - s 25) - A6l - A3) - A6) - A6) - A6) - A6) - A6) Nauru (Republic of) ........................... 118 - - - - - - - - - -Nepal .................................................. 1116 s s s s A2) s A3) - A3) - A3) - A2) - A2) - A.2) Nicaragua ........................................... 114 - - - : - s A3) s A3) - A3) - - -
Partial Revision Malaga-
Torremoli-nos, 1992 WARC-92
23 24
-
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Partial Revision Geneva,
1995 WRC-95
25 26
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1.0 N I
I 1.0 t.;.)
I
Table I. Final Acts of Geneva (1992), Kyoto (1994) and Administrative Regulations (continued)
GENEVA (1992) KYOTO (1994) ADMINISTRATIVE REGULATIONS
Constitution and Amendments to the
Convention Optional Protocol Constitution and RADIO REGULATIONS Convention
Date on which Date on which Intema-
MEMBERS Date on which
tional the the the
Telecom- Partial Partial Partial Partial Partial (In the alphabetical order of the instrument of instrument of instrument of Revision Revision Revision Revision Revision French version of the country names) munication Geneva, ratification, ratification, ratification,
~egulations 1979 Geneva, Geneva, Geneva, Geneva, Geneva, acceptance, acceptance, acceptance,
Melbourne, 1983 1985 1987 1987 1988 approval approval approval
1988 MOB-83 ORB-85 HFBC-87 MOB-87 ORB-88 or accession was or accession was or accession was deposited with deposited with deposited with
the General the General the General Secretariat Secretariat Secretariat
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
Niger (Republic of the) ...................... 118 SI) s s 25) s s A3) - - s - -Nigeria (Federal Republic of) ............ 2 s 1) s s 25) s s A3) - A3) s - s s Norway .............................................. 5 So 15.07.1994 14) s s 25) s A6) s A3) s A3) s A6) s A6) s A6) s A6)
New Zealand ...................................... 2 SI) 06.12.1994 s 06.12.1994 s 25) 16.06.1995 s A6) s A 15) s A 15) s A 16) s A 16) s A 16) s A 16)
Oman (Sultanate of) ........................... 112 SI) 18.05.1994 s 18.05.1994 s 25) 21.08.1996 s A6) s A3) s A3) s A6) s A6) s A6) s A6)
Uganda (Republic of) ........................ 1116 A 27.07.1994 - s 25) s A3) s A3) - A3) - A 3) - A3) - A3) - A3)
Uzbekistan (Republic of) ................... 1/2 A 22.09.1994 A 22.09.1994 s - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) - A4) - A3) - A3)
Pakistan (Islamic Republic of) .......... 2 s 1) s s 25) s s A3) - A3) s s s s Panama (Republic of) ........................ 1/2 s 1) s - - s A3) s A3) - - s s Papua New Guinea ............................ 1/2 SI) 10.05.1996 s s 25) 10.05.1996 s A6) s A3) s A6) s A 6) s A6) s A6) s A6)
Paraguay (Republic of) ...................... 1/2 A 26.09.1994 - s s A6) s A3) - A3) s A6) s A6) s A6) s A6)
Netherlands (Kingdom of the) ........... 8 SI) 13.06.1996 31) s 13.06.1996 s 25) 13.06.1996 s A 17) s A 17) s A 17) s A s A s A4) s 17) A4)
Peru .................................................... 1/4 A 30.09.1994 18) A 30.09.1994 s 25) 12.02.1996 - A6) s A3) - A3) s A6) - A6) s A6) s A6) Philippines (Republic of the) ............. 1 SI) 23.05.1996 s 23.05.1996 s 25) 23.05.1996 s A6) s A3) - A3) s A6) s A6) s A6) - A6) Poland (Republic of) .......................... 1 s 17.10.1995 s 17.10.1995 s 25) s A6) s A3) s A3) s A6) s A6) s A6) s A6) Portugal .............................................. 2 SI) 30.11.1995 5) s 30.11.1995 s 25) s A4) s A4) s A 3) s A3) s A6) s A6) s A6) Qatar (State of) .................................. 1/2 s 1) s s 25) s s A3) s A3) s s s s Syrian Arab Republic ........................ 1/2 A 25.11.1993 - s 25) 07.03.1996 s A s A3) s A3) s A3) s A6) s A6) s A6)
Kyrgyz Republic ................................ 1/4 A 29.06.1994 - s - A3) - A3) - A3) - A 3) - A3) - A3) - A3)
Dem. People's Republic of Korea ..... 1/4 SI) 09.08.1994 s - s A2) s A3) s A2) s A2) s A2) s A2) s A2) Slovak Republic ................................. 1/4 A 01.07.1994 - s 25) 10.11.1995 - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3)
Czech Republic .................................. 1 A 29.08.1994 - s 25) - A3) - A3) A3) - A 3) - A3) - A3) - A3)
Romania ............................................. 1/2 SI) 30.11.1993 - s 25) 23.07.1996 s A6) s A3) s A3) s A6) s A6) s A6) s A6)
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland ........................... 15 SI) 27.06.1994 s 27.06.1994 s 25) s A4) s A 19) s A4) s A4) s A4) s A4) s A4)
Russian Federation ............................ 15 s 1) 01.08.1995 - s 25) s A6) s A2o) s A3) s A6) s A s A s A
R wan de se Republic ............................ 1116 - - - s s A3) - A3) - s - -San Marino (Republic of) .................. 114 s 31.08.1994 s 31.08.1994 s 25) s A6) s A3) - A3) s A6) - A6) s A6) s A6)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines ...... 1116 A 20.09.1994 - s 25) - A6) - A3) - A3) - A3) - A6) - A6) - A6)
Solomon Islands ................................. 1116 - - - - - A3) - A3) - A3) - - -Western Samoa (Indep. State of) ....... 1/16 A 29.08.1994 - s - A6) - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) - A6) - A6)
Sao Tome and Principe (Dem.Rep. of) 1116 A 15.07.1996 - A 15.07.1996 - A6) - A3) - A6) - A6) - A6) - A6) - A6)
Senegal (Republic of) ........................ 1 SI) 18.11.1994 s s 25) 12.02.1996 s A6) s A3) - A6) s A6) s A6) s A6) s A6)
Sierra Leone ....................................... 118 - - - - - A3) - A3) - - - -Singapore (Republic of) ..................... 1 s 1) 02.05.1996 s s 25) 02.05.1996 s A6) s A3) s A3) s A6) s A6) s A6) s A6)
Slovenia (Republic of) ....................... 114 s 1) 12.12.1994 s 12.12.1994 s - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3> - A3)
Somali Democratic Republic ............. 1/8 - - - - s A3) - s s - -Sudan (Republic of the) ..................... 1116 s 1) s s 25) - s A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) - -Sri Lanka (Dem. Socialist Rep. of) .... 1/2 s 1) 26.07.1996 s - 26.07.1996 32) - A6) s A3) s A3) s A6) s A6) s A6) - A6)
South Africa (Republic of) ................ 3 A 30.06.1994 A 30.06.1994 s 25) - A6) - A3) - A6) - A6) - A6) - A - A Sweden ............................................... 8 s 1) 15.09.1994 s 15.09.1994 s 25) 11.11.1996 4) s A s A3) s A4) s A4) s A4) s A s A4)
Switzerland (Confederation of) ......... 15 s 1) 15.09.1994 21) s 15.09.1994 s 25) 14.03.1996 26) s A6) s A s A s A s A s A s A Suriname (Republic of) ...................... 114 SI) s s - - A3) - s s s -
Swaziland (Kingdom of) .................... 1/8 s 1) s s 25) s A2) s A3) - A3) - A2) s A2) s A2) - A2)
Tajikistan (Republic of) ..................... 114 A 19.07.1994 - s - A3) - A3) - A3) - A 3) - A3) - A3) - A3) Tanzania (United Republic of) .......... 1/8 s s s 25) s s A3) - A3> s A3) s s s Chad (Republic of) ............................. 1/16 s s s 25) s s A3) - s - - -Thailand .............................................. 1112 s 1) 03.04.1996 s s 25) 03.04.1996 s A6) s A s A3) s A6) s A6) s A6) s A6) Togo1ese Republic ............................. 1116 A 19.09.1994 A 19.09.1994 s s A6) s A3) s A3) - A6) s A6) s A6) s A6) Tonga (Kingdom of) .......................... 1116 A 09.09.1994 - s 25) s A6) - A3) - A3) s A3) - A6) - A6) s A6)
Trinidad and Tobago .......... .-............... 112 A 20.09.1994 - - - A6) s A3) - A6) A6) - A6) - A6) s A6) Tunisia ................................................ 112 s 1) s s 25) s A2) s A3) s A3) s A3) s A2) s A2) s A2) Turkmenistan ...................................... 114 A 27.04.1994 - s - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) - A3) Turkey ................................................ 1 s 1) s s 25) s A s A3) s A3) s s s s Tuvalu ................................................ 1116 A 15.08.1996 - A 15.08.1996 - A6) - A6) - A6) - A6) - A6) - A6) - A6) Ukraine ............................................... 112 s 1) 04.08.1994 - s 25) s A6) s A22) s A 3) s A6) s A s A6) s A6) Uruguay (Eastern Republic of) .......... 112 s 1) s s 25) - A2) s A3) s A2) s A2) s A2) s A2) s A2) Vanuatu (Republic of) ........................ 1116 - - - - - A 3) - A3) - A3) - - -
Venezuela (Republic of) .................... 1 SI) 17.09.1996 5) - s 25) 17.09.1996 - A s A4) s A3) s A6) s A6) s A6) s A6) Viet Nam (Socialist Republic of) ....... 112 s 1) 19.06.1996 s 19.06.1996 s 25) 19.06.1996 s A6) - A 23) s A23) - A6) s A6) s A6) s A6) Yemen (Republic of) .......................... 114 SI) s s 25) s - A3) - A3) - A 3) s - -Yugoslavia (Federal Republic of) ...... 112 A 11.10.1995 A 11.10.1995 - s A2) s A s A3) s A2) s A2) s A2) s A2) Zaire (Republic of) ............................. 1/2 - - - s s A3) - A3) - A3) A3) - -Zambia (Republic of) ......................... 1116 s 1) s s 25) - s A3) s A3) - - s s Zimbabwe (Republic of) .................... 112 s 05.12.1994 s 05.12.1994 s 25) s A6) - A3) - A3) - A6) s A6) - A6) s A6)
Partial Revision Malaga-
Torremoli-nos, 1992 WARC-92
23 24
s s s A6)
s A
s A6)
s A6)
- A6)
s s s A6)
- A6)
s A6)
- A6)
s A6)
s A6)
s A6)
s s A6)
- A3)
s A6)
- A6)
- A6)
s A6)
s A6)
s A
-s A6)
- A6)
-- A6)
- . A6)
s A6)
-s A6)
- A6)
--s A6)
- A6)
s A4)
s A
s s - A3)
s -s A6)
s A6)
- A6)
- A6)
s - A6)
s - A6)
s A6)
s -s A6)
- A6)
s s A6)
-s s .A6)
Partial Revision Geneva,
1995 WRC-95
25 26
-s s s s s s s -s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
s
s -s ----s s s s -s s
.s s s A
s s -s s s s s s s -s -s ---s s --
s s
I
'R I
I \0 Ul
I
1) See Declarations and Reservations in the Final Acts (Geneva, 1992).
2) Administrative Regulations or revlSlons thereof, which were adopted by competent world administrative conferences prior to the date of signature (30 June 1989) of the Nice Constitution and Convention and with regard to which the Member State automatically consented to be bound by them by virtue of its ratification, acceptance or approval of, or of its accession to, the Nice Constitution and Convention (See No. 195 in Article 43 of the Nice Constitution).
3) Regulations approved ipso facto, since they were in force when the country concerned ratified or acceded to the International Telecommunication Convention of MalagaTorremolinos, 1973 or to that of Nairobi, 1982.
4) This approval was given subject to the reservation(s) made at the time of signature.
5) In ratifying the Constitution and the Convention, the country concerned confirmed the declarations and/or reservations made at the time of signature.
6) Administrative Regulations or revlSlons thereof, which were adopted by competent world administrative conferences prior to the date of signature (22 December 1992) of the Constitution and Convention of Geneva and with regard to which the Member State automatically consented to be bound by them by virtue of its ratification, acceptance or approval of, or of its accession to, the Constitution and Convention of Geneva (See No. 216 in Article 54 of the Geneva Constitution).
7) The notification of approval was accompanied by the following declarations (translation):
a) in approving the Radio Regulations (Geneva, 1979), the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic reserves the right to take the necessary steps to protect its interests in the event that other States fail to observe the provisions of the said Regulations and in the event that any other action is taken which may be prejudicial to the interests of the Byelorussian SSR;
b) the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic does not recognize claims to the extension of State sovereignty to any segment of the orbit of geostationary satellites, since such claims are contrary to the status of outer space universally recognized in international law;
c) in connection with the territorial claims of certain countries in Antarctica, the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic has never recognized and cannot recognize as legitimate any separate solution whatsoever to the question of the ownership of Antarctica by any State.
8) This approval was given subject to the two reservations appearing under No. 19 in the Final Protocol made at the time of signature.
9) In ratifying these Acts, the Government of the United States of America confirmed the reservations and statements made when the Final Protocol was signed (Nos. 32, 36, 38, 39, 72 and 75). The following is also contained in the instrument:
-96-
The United States reservation contained in statement Xll of the Final Protocol associated with the partial revision of the 1959 Radio Regulations adopted at the World Maritime Administrative Radio Conference, Geneva, 1974, should be regarded as continuing to apply to the Radio Regulations (Geneva, 1979), the text of that reservation being as follows:
"The Delegation of the United States of America formally declares that the United States of America does not, by signature of these Final Acts on its behalf, accept any obligations in respect of the Frequency Allotment Plan for Coast Radiotelephone Stations Operating in the Exclusive Maritime Mobile Bands between 4 000 kHz and 23 000 kHz and the associated implementing procedures, and that, although the United States of America will observe the provisions of the Plan and implementing procedures to the extent practicable, pending the results of a future World General Administrative Radio Conference, the United States of America reserves its right to take such measures as may be necessary to protect its maritime radiotelephony interests."
10) In approving these Acts, the Government of Japan confirmed the statement made at the time of signature of the Final Acts of the Plenipotentiary Conference (Nice, 1989).
11) In ratifying the Constitution and the Convention, Mexico reaffirmed the reservation No. 55, made at the time of signing.
12) In ratifying the Final Acts of the WARC-92, Mexico reaffirmed the reservation No. 51, made at the time of signing.
13) The following text appears in the instrument of accession:
"The Republic of Namibia reserves for its Government the right to take such action as it may consider necessary to safeguard its interest should any Member fail in any way to comply with the requirements of the Constitution and Convention of the International Telecommunication Union (Geneva, 1992), or the Annexes or the Protocols attached thereto, or should reservations by other countries jeopardize Namibia's telecommunication services or lead to an increase in its contributory share towards defraying the expenses of the Union."
14) In ratifying the Constitution and the Convention, Norway reaffirmed the reservation No. 73, made at the time of signing.
15) Niue.
16)
17) Aruba.
This approval also applies to the Cook Islands and
This approval also applies to Niue.
For the Netherlands, the Netherlands Antilles and
18) The following text appears in the instrument of accession (translation):
"The Government of Peru reserves the right to:
1. take such action as it may consider necessary to safeguard its interest should any Member of the Union fail in any way to comply with the requirements of the Constitution, the Convention or its Regulations, or might reservations by other countries jeopardize or be prejudicial to Peru's telecommunication services;
2. accept or not the consequences of reservations by other Member states which could lead to an increase in its contributory share towards defraying the expenses of the Union."
19) The approval is in respect of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and Territories under the territorial sovereignty of the United Kingdom.
20) The notification of approval was accompanied by the following declarations (translation):
a) in approving the Radio Regulations (Geneva, 1979), the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics reserves the right to take the necessary steps to protect its interests in the event that other States fail to observe the provisions of the said Regulations and in the event that any other action is taken which may be prejudicial to the interests of the USSR;
b) the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics does not recognize claims to the extension of State sovereignty to any segment of the orbit of geostationary satellites, since such claims are contrary to the status of outer space universally recognized in international law;
c) as the Soviet Government has already declared on several occasions in connection with the territorial claims of certain countries in Antarctica, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics has never recognized and cannot recognize as legitimate any separate solution whatsoever to the question of the ownership of Antarctica by any State.
21) In ratifying the Constitution and the Convention, Switzerland reaffirmed the reservation No. 21, made at the time of signing.
22) The notification of approval was accompanied by the following declarations (translation):
a) in approving the Radio Regulations (Geneva, 1979), the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic reserves the right to take the necessary steps to protect its interests in the event that other States fail to observe the provisions of the said Regulations and in the event that any other action is taken which may be prejudicial to the interests of the Ukrainian SSR;
b) the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic does not recognize claims to the extension of State sovereignty to any segment of the orbit of geostationary satellites, since such claims are contrary to the status of outer space universally recognized in international law;
-97-
c) in connection with the territorial claims of certain countries in Antarctica, the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic has never recognized and cannot recognize as legitimate any separate solution whatsoever to the question of the ownership of Antarctica by any State~
23) In ratifying the Convention, the Government of the Socialist Republic of Viet Narn confirmed the statements in No. 48 of the Final Protocol to the Convention.
24) In ratifying the Constitution and the Convention, Liechtenstein reaffirmed the reservation No. 21, made at the time of signing.
25) See Declarations and Reservations in the Final Acts (Kyoto, 1994).
26) In ratifying the amendments to the Constitution and Convention (Kyoto, 1994) Switzerland reaffirmed the reservations made at the time of signing.
27) In ratifying the Constitution and the Convention, Spain confirmed the declarations made at the time of signing. The instrument of ratification included the following declaration (translation): "Spain declares that it will exercise the right conferred on it by Article 34 of the constitutive Convention of the International Telecommunication Union only to the extent that it is compatible with its Constitution."
28) The notification of ratification was accompanied by the following declaration (translation): "The Vatican City State reserves the right to take whatever measures it may consider necessary to protect its interests should any Members fail to contribute to defraying the expenses of the Union or to observe in any other way the provisions of the constitution and the convention of the International Telecommunication Union (Geneva, 1992) or the Annexes or Protocols thereto, or should reservations by other countries be liable to lead to an increase in its contributory share in defraying the expenses of the Union, or should reservations by other countries jeopardize the proper operatio; of its telecommunication services."
29) In ratifying the Constitution and the Convention (Geneva, 1992),Italy reaffirmed the reservation No. 82, made at the time of signing.
30) The notification of acceptance was accompanied by the following declaration: "The Government of Finland maintains the following reservations made on behalf of it at the time of signature of the Administration Regulations or revisions thereof:
Geneva 1979 (WARC-79), reservation No. 75,
Geneva 1985 (ORB-85), reservation No. 44,
Geneva 1987 (HFBC-87), reservation No. 49,
Geneva 1988 (ORB-88), reservation No. 74 and
Malaga-Torremolinos 1992 (W ARC-92), reservation No.49."
31) For the Netherlands, the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba. In accepting the Constitution and Convention (Geneva, 1992) and the Instrument amending the Constitution and Convention (Kyoto, 1994 ), the Netherlands reaffirmed the reservation No. 87 (Kyoto, 1994 ).
32) See No. 231 of the Constitution and No. 527 of the Convention (Geneva, 1992).
33) The ratification was accompanied by the following declaration"(translation): "The People's Democratic Republic of Algeria does not consider itself to be bound to be bound by Article 56 (paragraph 2) of the constitution of the International Telecommunication Union or by the Article 41 of the Convention of the International Telecommunication Union signed in Geneva on 22 December 1992. The People's Democratic Republic of Algeria declares that, for a dispute to be submitted for arbitration, the agreement of all the parties involved shall be necessary in all cases."
-98-
34) In accepting the Instruments amending the Constitution and Convention (Kyoto, 1994 ), Canada confirmed the reservation No. 92, made at the time of signing.
35) In ratifying the Constitution and Convention (Geneva, 1992) and the Instruments amending the Constitution and Convention (Kyoto, 1994 ), Ireland confirmed the reservations made at the time of signing.
36) In ratifying the Instruments amending the Constitution and Convention (Kyoto, 1994), Cuba confirmed the reservation No. 40, made at the time of signing.
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Table 11. Final Acts of the World Administrative Radio Conference for the Planning · of the Broadcasting-Satellite Service in Frequency Bands 11.7-12.2 GHz
(in Regions 2 and 3) and 11.7-12.5 GHz (in Region 1) (Geneva, 1977) *)
Note: The provisions and associated Plan contained in the Final Acts have become an integral part of the Radio Regulations, Geneva (1979) (see Article 15 and Appendix 30 of the Regulations).
S = Signature; A = Approval.
Afghanistan (Islamic State of) .. .
Albania (Republic of) ............... .
Algeria (People's Democratic Republic of) ......................... .
Germany (Federal Rep. of) ....... .
Antigua and Barbuda ................ .
Saudi Arabia (Kingdom of) ...... .
Argentine Republic ................... .
Australia .................................... .
Austria ....................................... .
Bahamas (Commonwealth of the) ................................... .
Bahrain (State of) ...................... .
Bangladesh (People's Rep. of) .. .
Barbados ................................... .
Belarus (Republic of) ............... .
Belgium ..................................... .
Belize ........................................ .
Benin (Republic of) .................. .
Bolivia (Republic of) ................ .
Botswana (Republic of) ............ .
Brazil (Federative Rep. of) ....... .
Brunei Darussalam .................... .
Bulgaria (Republic of) .............. .
Burkina Faso ............................. .
Burundi (Republic of) .............. .
Cameroon (Republic of) ........... .
Canada ....................................... .
Central African Republic .......... .
Chile .......................................... .
China (People's Republic of) .... .
Cyprus (Republic of) ................ .
Vatican City State ..................... .
Colombia (Republic of) ............ .
Comoros (Islamic Federal Republic of the) ................... .
Congo (Republic of the) ........... .
Korea (Republic of) .................. .
Cote d'Ivoire (Republic of) ....... .
Cuba .......................................... .
Denmark .................................... .
Djibouti (Republic of) ............... .
Egypt (Arab Republic of) ......... .
El Salvador (Republic of) ......... .
United Arab Emirates ............... .
Ecuador ..................................... .
Spain ..................... ·················:····
2
s
s s
s s s s
s s
s s
s s
s
s s s
s s s s s s s
s s s s s s
s
s s s
3 6)
6)
6)
As) 6)
6)
A4)
6)
6)
6)
6)
A 6)
6)
6)
6)
6)
6)
6)
6)
6)
A
6)
6)
6)
6)
6)
A 6)
6)
A 6)
6)
6)
6)
6)
2 3
United States of America........... S 6) Monaco (Principality of) ........... .
Ethiopia (Fed. Dem. Rep. of)..... S 6) Mongolia ........................... : ....... .
Fiji (Republic of)........................ 6) Myanmar (Union of) .... ; ............ .
Finland ....................................... S A Namibia (Republic of) .............. .
France......................................... S A Niger (Republic of the) ............. .
Gabonese Republic .... ... .. .. .. ... .. .. S Nigeria (Federal Republic of) ... .
Ghana ......................................... S 6) Norway ..................................... ..
Greece ........................................ S A New Zealand···:··· .. ····················· Guatemala (Republic of)............ S 6) Oman (Sultanate of) .................. .
Guinea (Republic of).................. S Uganda (Republic of) ................ .
Equatorial Guinea (Rep. of)....... 6) Pakistan (Islamic Republic of) .. .
Guyana....................................... 6) Panama (Republic of) ................ .
Haiti (Republic of)..................... S 6) Papua New Guinea .................... .
Honduras (Republic of) ............. 6) Paraguay (Republic of) ............. .
Hungary (Republic of)............... S A 4) Netherlands (Kingdom of the) .. .
India (Republic of)..................... S A Peru.: .......................................... .
Indonesia (Republic of) .... .. .. . . ... S 6) Philippines (Republic of the) .... .
Iran (Islamic Republic of).......... S 6) Poland (Republic of) ................. .
Iraq (Republic of)....................... 6) Portugal .................................... ..
Ireland ........................................ S A Qatar (State of) .......................... .
Iceland........................................ S 6) Syrian Arab Republic ................ .
Israel (State of)........................... 6) Dem. People's Rep. of Korea .... .
Italy ............................................ S A Romania ........................... ; ........ .
Jamaica....................................... 6) United Kingdom of Great
Japan........................................... s 6) Britain and Northern Ireland Jordan (Hashemite Kingdom of) 6) Russian Federation .................... .
Kenya (Republic of)................... S 6) Rwandese Republic ................... .
Kiribati (Republic of)................. 6) San Marino (Republic of) ......... .
Kuwait (State of)........................ s 6) Saint Vincent and the Lao People's Dem. Rep.............. S 6) Grenadines ............................ .
Lesotho (Kingdom of)................ 6) Solomon Islands ........................ .
Lebanon ...... :............................... S 6) Sao Tome and Principe (Dem.
6) Republic of) .......................... .
Liberia (Republic of) ................. . Senegal (Republic of) ............... .
Libya (Soc. People's Libyan S 6) Sierra Leone .............................. . Arab Jamahiriya) .................. .
Liechtenstein (Princ. of)............. S A Singapore (Republic of)·············
6) Somali Democratic Republic ..... Luxembourg............................... S
M d (R f) S 6) Sudan (Republic of the) ............ . a agascar ep. o ................ .
Malaysia..................................... S A Sri Lanka (De m. Soc. Rep. of) .. .
Malawi........................................ 6) South Africa (Republic of) ........ . Maldives (Republic of) .............. 6) Sweden ..................................... ..
6) Switzerland (Confederation of) Mali (Republic of)...................... S Malta ......... ........ .......... ............. .. S 6) Suriname (Republic of) ............. .
M (Ki d f) S Swaziland (Kingdom of) ........... .
orocco ng om o ............. .
M ·ti· (R bl" f) s 6) Tanzania (United Rep. of) ......... . aun us epu 1c o ............ . Mauritania (Islamic Rep. of)...... s Chad (Republic of) .................... .
L.:..M..;..e;...x_ic_o_ .. _ .. _ ... _ .. _ ... _ .. _ ... ..:...···....;··..:...··..;,.···-··-···-··-···-··-· ....~...._s_..J...._6_> ..J Czech and Slovak Fed. Rep ...... .
2
s s
s s s s s s s s s s
s s s
s s
s s
s
s
s
s s
s s s
3 6)
6)
6)
6)
6)
6)
6)
6)
6)
6)
6)
6)
A
A3)
6)
6)
6)
6)
A 6)
6)
6)
AI)
A 6)
6)
6)
6)
6)
A 6)
A 6)
6)
6)
6)
A4)
A2)
6)
6)
6)
6)
A4)
-100-
Table 11. (end)
2 3 2 3 2 3
Thailand ..................................... s 6) Ukraine ....................................... s A Yugoslavia (Fed. Rep. of) .......... s 6)
Togolese Republic ..................... s 6) Uruguay (Eastern Rep. of) ......... s 6) Zaire (Republic of) ..................... s Trinidad and Tobago .................. 6) Venezuela (Republic of) ............ s 6) Zambia (Republic of) ................. 6)
Tunisia ........................................ s 6) Yemen (Republic of) .................. s 6) Zimbabwe (Republic of) ............ 6)
Turkey ........................................ s 6)
*) In the alphabetical order of the French version of the country names.
1) The approval is in respect of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and Territories under the territorial sovereignty of the United Kingdom.
2) In approving these Final Acts, Switzerland supported the statement No. 74 of the Final Protocol to these Acts.
3) For the Netherlands, the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba.
4) In approving the Final Acts, the Member concerned confirmed the statement(s) made at the time of signature.
5) See Notifications Nos. 1146, 1169, 1175 and 1182.
6) This Member has approved the Radio Regulations, Geneva, 1979, of which the provisions and associated Plan contained in the Final Acts form an integral part.
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Table Ill. Regional Agreement concerning the use by the broadcasting service of frequencies in the medium frequency bands in Regions 1 and 3
and in the low frequency bands in· Region 1 (Geneva, 1975) *)
S = Signature; A = Approval or Accession.
2 3 2 3
Afghanistan (Islamic State of) ... s Hungary (Republic of) ............... s AI) Uganda (Rep. of) ........................
Albania (Republic of) ................ A India (Rep. of) ............................ s A Pakistan (Islamic Rep. of) ..........
Algeria (People's Dem. Rep. of) s Indonesia (Rep. of) ..................... s Papua New Guinea .....................
Germany (Fed. Rep. of) ............. s A4) Iran (Islamic Rep. of) ................. s Netherlands (Kingdom of the)
Andorra (Princip. of) ................. A Iraq (Republic of) ............. , ......... Philippines (Rep. of the) ............
Angola (Rep. of) ........................ Ireland ........................................ s A Poland (Republic of) ..................
Saudi Arabia (Kingdom of) ....... s Iceland ........................................ s A Portugal ......................................
Australia ..................................... s Israel (State of) ........................... s Qatar (State of) ...........................
Austria ........................................ s Italy ............................................ s A Syrian Arab Republic .................
Bahrain (State of) ....................... A Japan ........................................... s A Dem. People's Rep. of Korea .....
Bangladesh (People's Rep. of) ... s Jordan (Hashemite Kingdom of) s A Romania .....................................
Belarus (Republic of) ................ s A Kenya (Republic of) ................... s United Kingdom of Great
Belgium ...................................... s A Kiribati (Rep. of) ........................ Britain and Northern Ireland
Benin (Rep. of) ........................... s Kuwait (State of) ........................ s Russian Federation .................... Botswana (Rep. of) .................... s A Lao People's Dem. Rep .............. Rwandese Republic ....................
Bulgaria (Rep. of) ...................... s A Lesotho (Kingdom of) ................ s San Marino (Republic of) ..........
Burkina Faso .............................. s AI) The Former Yugoslav Republic Solomon Islands .........................
Burundi (Rep. of) ....................... s of Macedonia ........................ A Sao Tome and Principe
Cambodia (Kingdom of ) ........... Lebanon ...................................... s (Democratic Republic of) ......
Cameroon (Republic of) ............ s A Liberia (Republic of) .................. s Senegal (Rep. of) ........................
Cape Verde (Republic of) .......... Libya (Soc. People's Libyan Sierra Leone ...............................
Central African Republic ........... s Arab Jamahiriya) ................... s Singapore (Rep. of) ....................
China (People's Rep. of) ............ s A Liechtenstein (Princ. of) ............. s A Slovenia (Republic of) ...............
Cyprus (Rep. of) ......................... s Luxembourg ............................... s A Somali Democratic Republic .....
Vatican City State ...................... s A Madagascar (Rep. of) ................. s Sudan (Rep. of the)·····'··············
Comoros (Islamic Federal Malaysia ..................................... s Sri Lanka (Democratic Socialist
Republic of the) .................... Malawi ........................................ s A Republic of) ...........................
Congo (Rep. ofthe) ................... s Maldives (Rep. of) ..................... South Africa (Rep. of) ................
Korea (Rep. of) .......................... s A Sweden .......................................
Cote d'Ivoire (Republic of) ........ s A Mali (Rep. of) ............................. s Switzerland (Confederation of) .
Croatia (Republic of) ................. A Malta ........................................... Swaziland (Kingdom of) ............
Denmark ..................................... s A Morocco (Kingdom of) .............. s A Tanzania (United Rep. of) ..........
Djibouti (Rep. of) ....................... Mauritius (Republic of) ............. s Chad (Rep. of) ............................
Egypt (Arab Rep. of) ................. s 6) Mauritania (Islamic Rep. of) ...... s Czech and Slovak Federal
United Arab Emirates ................ s Monaco (Principality of) ............ s A Republic ................................
Spain ........................................... s A Mongolia .................................... s A Thailand ......................................
Ethiopia (Fed. Dem. Rep. of) ..... s A Mozambique (Republic of) ........ s A Togolese Republic ......................
Fiji (Republic of) ....................... s A Myanmar (Union of) .................. A Tonga (Kingdom of) ..................
Finland ....................................... s A Tunisia ........................................
France ......................................... s Namibia (Republic of) ............... Turkey ........................................ A Nauru (Rep. of) .......................... A Ukraine .......................................
Gabonese Republic .................... s Gambia (Rep. of the) .................. s Nepal .......................................... s A VietNam (Soc. Rep. of) .............
Ghana ......................................... s Niger (Rep. of the) ..................... s Yemen (Republic of) ..................
Greece ........................................ s A Nigeria (Fed. Rep. of) ................ s Yugoslavia (Fed. Rep. of) ..........
Guinea (Rep. of) ......................... s Norway ....................................... s A Zaire (Republic of) .....................
Guinea-Bissau (Rep. of) ............ New Zealand .............................. s A Zambia (Republic of) .................
Equatorial Guinea (Rep. of) ....... Oman (Sultanate of) ................... A Zimbabwe (Rep. of) ...................
*) In the alphabetical order of the French version of the country names.
1) In approving the Agreement, the Member concerned confirmed the statement(s) made at the time of signature.
2) This approval is also in respect of the Territories under the territorial sovereignty of the United Kingdom in Regions 1 and 3.
2 3
s s s A
s A3)
s s AI)
s s s
s As)
s Az)
s A
s A A
s A 7)
s
s
s A
s A
s s
s AI)
s s
A
s s s
s s A s s
-102-
3) This approval is in respect of the Kingdom in Europe.
4) See Notification No. 1132.
5) In approving this Agreement, the Government of the Socialist Republic of Romania has made the following statement (translation):
"The Socialist Republic of Romania reserves the right to take the necessary action to ensure that its broadcasting transmitters cover the entire national territory with broadcast programmes, in an appropriate manner, in the event that the coordination provided for in the Plan annexed to this Agreement cannot be achieved by negotiations."
6) See Notification No. 1175.
7) By a communication received on 23 December 1993, the Government of the Republic of Slovenia notified its succession to this Agreement.
-103-
Table IV. Regional Agreement concerning the Use of the Band 87.5-108 MHz for FM Sound Broadcasting (Region 1 and part of Region 3)
(Geneva, 1984) *)
S = Signature; A = Approval or Accession.
2 3 2 3
Afghanistan (Islamic State of) ... s Greece ........................................ s A Nigeria (Federal Republic of) ....
Albania (Republic of) ................ s Guinea (Republic of) .................. s Norway .......................................
Algeria (People's Dem. Rep. Guinea-Bissau (Rep. of) ............ Oman (Sultanate of) ...................
of) .......................................... s Equatorial Guinea (Rep. of) ....... Uganda (Rep. of) ....... : ................
Germany (Fed. Rep. of) ............. s AI) Hungary (Republic of) ............... s Netherlands (Kingdom of the) ...
Andorra (Princip. of) .................. A Iran (Islamic Rep. of) ................. s Poland (Republic of) ..................
Angola (Rep. of) ........................ s Portugal ...................................... Iraq (Republic of) ....................... s
Saudi Arabia (Kingdom of) ....... s A Qatar (State of) ...........................
Austria ........................................ s Ireland ........................................ s Syrian Arab Republic .................
Bahrain (State of) ....................... Iceland ........................................ Romania .....................................
Belarus (Republic of) ................ s A Israel (State of) ........................... s United Kingdom of Great
Belgium ...................................... s Italy ............................................ s Britain and Northern Ireland.
Ben in (Republic of) ................... s Jordan (Hashernite Kingdom of) s Russian Federation .....................
Botswana (Republic of) ............. s Kenya (Republic of) ................... s Rwandese Republic ....................
Bulgaria (Republic of) ............... s Kuwait (State of) ........................ s San Marino (Republic of) ..........
Burkina Faso .............................. s A2) Lesotho (Kingdom of) ................ s Sao Tome and Principe
Burundi (Republic of) ................ The Former Yugoslav Republic (Democratic Republic of) ......
Senegal (Republic of) ................ Cameroon (Republic of) ............ s of Macedonia ........................ A
Sierra Leone ............................... Cape Verde (Republic of) .......... Lebanon ......................................
Central African Republic ........... Liberia (Republic of) .................. Somali Democratic Republic .....
Sudan (Republic of the) ............. Cyprus (Republic of) ................. s Libya (Soc. People's Libyan
South Africa (Republic of) ......... Vatican City State ...................... s A Arab Jamahiriya) ................... s
Sweden ....................................... Comoros (Islamic Federal Liechtenstein (Princ. of) ............. s
Switzerland (Confederation of) Republic of the) .................... Luxembourg ............................... s
Swaziland (Kingdom of) ............ Congo (Republic of the) ............ s Madagascar (Rep. of) ................. Tanzania (United Republic of) .. Cote d'Ivoire (Republic of) ........ s A Malawi ........................................ Chad (Republic of) ..................... Croatia (Republic of) ................. A Mali (Republic of) ...................... s Czech and Slovak Federal Denmark ..................................... s A Malta .......................................... s Republic ................................ Djibouti (Republic of) ................ Morocco (Kingdom of) .............. s Togolese Republic ...................... Egypt (Arab Republic of) .......... s A Mauritius (Republic of) ............. Tunisia ........................................ United Arab Emirates ................ A
Mauritania (Islamic Turkey ........................................ Spain ........................................... s A3) Republic of) .......................... Ukraine ....................................... Ethiopia (Fed. Dem. Rep. of) ..... Monaco (Principality of) ............ s Yemen (Republic of) .................. Finland ....................................... s A Mongolia .................................... s Yugoslavia (Federal France ......................................... s A4)
Mozambique (Republic of) ........ Republic of) ...........................
Gabonese Republic .................... s Namibia (Republic of) ...............
Zaire (Republic of) .....................
Gambia (Republic of the) .......... Zambia (Republic of) .................
Ghana ......................................... Niger (Republic ofthe) ..............
Zimbabwe (Republic of) ............
*) In the alphabetical order of the French version of the country names.
1) See Notification No. 1235.
2) In approving the Agreement, this Administration confirmed the statements made at the time of signature.
3) In approving the Agreement, the Government of Spain confirmed the statements made at the time of signature.
4) In approving the Agreement, the Government of France announced that it dit not maintain the declaration made at the time of signing.
2 3
s s s s A
s s s A
s s
s s A2)
s
s
A
s A
s A
s s s
s s s s s A
s
s
s s
-104-
Table V. Regional Agreement concerning the Maritime Mobile and the Aeronautical Radionavigation Services in the MF Band (Region 1)
(Geneva, 1985) *)
S = Signature; A = Approval or Accession
2 3 2 3
Albania ( Republic of) ............... Guinea (Rep. of) ......................... s Uganda (Republic of) .................
Algeria (People's Dem. Rep. of) s Guinea-Bissau (Rep. of) ............ Netherlands (Kingdom of the) ...
Germany (Federal Republic of) s A Equatorial Guinea (Rep. of) ....... Poland (Republic of) ..................
Angola (Republic of) ................. s Hungary (Republic of) ............... s A Portugal ......................................
Saudi Arabia (Kingdom of) ....... s A Iraq (Republic of) ....................... s Qatar (State of) ...........................
Austria ........................................ s Ireland ........................................ s Syrian Arab Republic .................
Bahrain (State of) ....................... s Iceland ........................................ Romania .....................................
Belarus (Republic of) ................. Israel (State of) ........................... s United Kingdom of Great Britain
Belgium ...................................... s Italy ............................................ s A and Northern Ireland .............
Benin (Rep. of) ........................... s Jordan (Hashernite Kingdom of) Russian Federation .....................
Botswana (Rep. of) .................... Kenya (Republic of) ................... s Rwandese Republic ....................
Bulgaria (Rep. of) ...................... s Kuwait (State of) ........................ s San Marino (Republic of) ..........
Burkina Faso .............................. A Lesotho (Kingdom of) ................ Sao Tome and Principe
Burundi (Rep. of) ....................... Lebanon ...................................... (Democratic Republic of) ......
Cameroon (Republic of) ............ s Liberia (Republic of) .................. Senegal (Republic of) ................
Cape Verde (Republic of) .......... Libya (Socialist People's Libyan Sierra Leone ...............................
Central African Republic ........... Arab Jamahiriya) ................... s Somali Democratic Republic .....
Cyprus (Rep. of) ......................... s Liechtenstein (Princ. of) ............. A Sudan (Republic of the) .............
Vatican City State ...................... Lithuania (Republic of) .............. A South Africa (Republic of) .........
Comoros (Islamic Federal Luxembourg ............................... Sweden .......................................
Republic of the) .................... Madagascar (Republic of) .......... s Switzerland (Confederation of)
Congo (Rep. ofthe) ................... Malawi. ....................................... Swaziland (Kingdom of) ............
Cote d'Ivoire (Rep. of) ............... s A Mali (Republic of) ...................... Tanzania (United Republic of) ..
Croatia (Republic of) ................. A Malta .......................................... s Chad (Republic of) .....................
Denmark ..................................... s A Morocco (Kingdom of) .............. s Czech and Slovak Federal
Djibouti (Rep. of) ....................... Mauritius (Republic of) ............. Republic ................................
Egypt (Arab Republic of) .......... s Mauritania (Islamic Republic of) Togolese Republic ......................
United Arab Emirates ................ . .............................................. Tunisia ........................................
Spain ........................................... s A Monaco (Principality of) ............ s Turkey ........................................
Ethiopia (Fed. Dem. Rep. of) ..... Mongolia .................................... Ukraine .......................................
Finland ....................................... s Mozambique (Republic of) ........ Yemen (Republic of) ..................
France ......................................... s A Namibia (Republic of) ............... Yugoslavia (Federal
Gabonese Republic .................... Niger (Republic of the) .............. Republic of) ...........................
Gambia (Rep. of the) .................. Nigeria (Federal Republic of) .... Zaire (Republic of) .....................
Ghana ......................................... s Norway ....................................... s Zambia (Republic of) .................
Greece ........................................ s Oman (Sultanate of) ................... s Zimbabwe (Republic of) ............
*) In the alphabetical order of the French version of the country names.
/
2 3
s A
s s s
s
s s A
A
A
s A
s A
s
s
s s
s
-105-
Table VI. American Regional Agreements
S = Signature; A = Approval or Accession; R = Ratification.
Members*)
Antigua and Barbuda .................................................. . Argentine Republic .................................................... .. Bahamas (Commonwealth of the) ............................... . Barbados ...................................................................... . Belize ........................................................................... . Bolivia (Republic of) .................................................. . Brazil (Federative Republic of) ................................. ..
Canada ......................................................................... . Chile ............................................................................ .
Colombia (Republic of) .............................................. . Costa Rica ................................................................... .
Cuba ........................................................................... .. Denmark ..................................................................... ..
Dominican Republic ................................................... .. El Salvador (Republic ot) ........................................... .
Ecuador ........................................................................ . United States of America ........................................... .. France .......................................................................... . Grenada ...................................................................... .. Guatemala (Republic ot) ............................................. . Guyana ........................................................................ . Haiti (Republic ot) ..................................................... .. Honduras (Republic ot) ............................................... .
Jamaica ....................................................................... .. Mexico ......................................................................... .
Nicaragua .................................................................... . Panama (Republic ot) ................................................. .. Paraguay (Republic ot) .............................................. .. Netherlands (Kingdom of the) .................................... . Peru .............................................................................. . United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern
Ireland ..................................................................... . Saint Vincent and the Grenadines ............................... . Suriname (Republic ot) ............................................... . Trinidad and Tobago ................................................... . Uruguay (Eastern Republic ot) .................................. .. Venezuela (Republic ot) ............................................ ..
Inter-American Radio Agreement
(FIAR) (Washington, 1949)
2
s
s s s s s s s
s s s s
s
s
s s s
s s
3
A
A
A
A A
A A
A
*) In the alphabetical order of the French version of the country names.
North-American Regional
Broadcasting Agreement (NARBA)
(Washington, 1950)
4 5
s 2)
s I)
s R
s R
s R
1) The Government of Cuba has denounced this Agreement with effect from 3 November 1981.
2) The Government of Canada has denounced this Agreement with effect from 17 February 1985.
3) For the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba.
Regional Agreement for the MF Broadcasting
Service in Region 2
(Rio de Janeiro, 1981)
6
s s
s
s s s s s
s
s s s s
s
s s s s s s s
s
s s s
7
A4)
A
A
A
As)
A
A3)
A
Regional Agreement
concerning the Use of the Band
1605-1705 kHz in Region 2
(Rio de Janeiro, 1988)
8
s s
s
s s s s s s
s s
s s
s
s
s
s s s s
9
R
A
As)
A
A3)
4) In approving the Agreement, the Argentine Government confirmed the statements contained in No. 2 (paragraphs A.1, A.2, A.3, B and C) of the Final Protocol to the Agreement and also declared the following (translation):
"Furthermore, the United Nations General Assembly adopted Resolutions 2065 (XX), 3160 (XXVID), 31/49, 37/9, 38/12, 39/6, 40/21 and 41/40 recognizing the existence of a sovereignty dispute relating to the question of the Malvinas Islands and urging the Argentine Republic and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland to conduct negotiations with a view to resolving the dispute peacefully and definitively through the good offices of the Secretary-General of the United Nations, who was asked to report to the General Assembly on the progress made."
5) This approval was given subject to the declarations made at the time of signature.
-106-
Table VII. European Regional Agreements and Protocol
S = Signature; A = Approval or Accession; R = Ratification.
Members*)
Albania (Republic of) ............................................... . Algeria (People's Democratic Republic of) ............. .
Germany (Federal Republic of) ................................ . Andorra (Principality of) ......................................... .
Saudi Arabia (Kingdom of) ...................................... . Austria ...................................................................... .
Belarus (Republic of) .............................................. . Belgium .................................................................... . Bulgaria (Republic of) .............................................. . Cyprus (Republic of) ................................................ .
Vatican City State ..................................................... .
Croatia (Republic of) ................................................ . Denmark ................................................................... . Egypt (Arab Republic of) ......................................... . Spain ......................................................................... . Finland ...................................................................... . France ....................................................................... .
Greece ....................................................................... . Hungary (Republic of) ............................................. . Iraq (Republic of) ..................................................... . Ireland ....................................................................... . Iceland ...................................................................... . Israel (State of) ......................................................... . Italy ........................................................................... .
Jordan (Hashemite Kingdom of) .............................. . The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia ........ .
Lebanon .................................................................... . Libya (Soc. People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya) ........ .
Liechtenstein (Principality of) .................................. . Lithuania (Republic of) ............................................ .
Luxembourg ............................................................. . Malta ........................................................................ .. Morocco (Kingdom of) ................ , ........................... . Monaco (Principality of) ......................................... ..
Norway ..................................................................... . Netherlands (Kingdom of the) ................................. ..
Poland (Republic of) ............................................... ..
Portugal ..................................................................... . Syrian Arab Republic ........................ ~ ..................... .. Romania .................................................................... . United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern
Ireland .................................................................. .
Russian Federation .................................................. .. San Marino (Republic of) ........................................ ..
Slovenia (Republic of) ............................................. . Sweden .................................................................... ..
Switzerland (Confederation of) ............................... .. Czech and Slovak Federal Republic ........................ .
Tunisia ...................................................................... . Turkey ...................................................................... ..
Ukraine ..................................................................... . Yugoslavia (Federal Republic of) ............................ .
Regional Agreement in the bands
68-73 MHz and 76-87.5 MHz
(Geneva, 1960) **)
2
s
s
s s
s
s
s s s
s
s
s
s
s
s s s
s s s
3
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
Regional Agreement Protocol amending the Regional Agreement for the European Stockholm Agreement concerning Maritime
Broadcasting Area (Geneva, 1985) Radiobeacons (Stockholm, 1961) (Geneva, 1985) ***)
4
s
s s s s s s
s
s s s s s
s s s s
s
s
s s s s s s
s
s 4)
s
s s s
s s s
5
A3)
A
A A2)
A
A
A A
Al)
A A
A A
A A
A
A
A
A A
A
A4)
A2)
A 7)
A
A
A2)
A
6
s
s s
s
s s s s s s s
s
s s
s s
s s s s s
s
s s s
s s s s s s s
7
As)
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A6)
A 7)
A
A
A
A
8
s s
s
s s s
s
s s s s s
s
s s
s
s s s s s s s
s
s s
s
s s s
s
9
As)
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
-107-
*) In the alphabetical order of the French version of the country names.
**) Regional Agreement for the use of frequencies in the bands 68-73 MHz and 76-87.5 MHz by the broadcasting service on the one hand and by the fixed and mobile services on the other (Geneva, 1960).
***) Regional Agreement for the Planning of Maritime Radionavigation Service (Radiobeacons) in the European Maritime Area (Geneva, 1985).
1) The Spanish Government has approved this Agreement while maintaining the three reservations which appear in paragraph I (A, B and C) of the Final Protocol.
2) (translation): "Considering that, when the plans for the .assignment of frequencies to television stations in the 645-960 MHz band were established at the Stockholm Conference in 1961, the requirements of the air radionavigation services of the USSR, the Ukrainian SSR and the Byelorussian SSR were not sufficiently taken into consideration, and in view of the special nature of the air radionavigation services, the Telecommunication Administrations of the USSR, the Ukrainian SSR and the Byelorussian SSR cannot assure countries using this range for television of the necessary means to prevent interference from the air radionavigation services of the USSR, the Ukrainian SSR and the Byelorussian SSR."
3) In giving its approval, the Administration of the Federal Republic of Germany expressed the following considerations (translation):
"According to the frequency plan for television stations in the frequency band 162-230 MHz (Annex 2, Chapter 2, of the Agreement), the frequencies 224.25/229.75 MHz are assigned to the Sonneberg television station appearing in the plan with an effective radiated power of 30/6 kW and an effective radiated power of 5 kW for the television carrier permitted in the sector between 45 and 135 degrees.
This assignment is capable of causing harmful interference to the aeronautical radionavigation service stations which operate in the frequency band 223-235 MHz in accordance with Article 5 of the Radio Regulations, Geneva, 1959.
Harmful interference to stations operating in the frequency band 223-235 MHz, which is allocated to the aeronautical radionavigation service on a primary basis, can only be avoided if the effective radiated power of the Sonneberg television station does not exceed 0.5/0.1 kW in the sector between 135 and 345 degrees."
4) Also signed and approved on behalf of the Overseas Territories for the international relations of which the Government of the United Kingdom is responsible.
5) See Notification No. 1235.
6) In approving this Protocol, the Administration of the USSR confirmed the statements made at the time of signature.
7) By a communication received on 23 December 1993, the Government of the Republic of Slovenia notified its succession to this Agreement and this Protocol.
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Table VIII. African Regional Agreements and Protocols
S = Signature; A = Approval or Accession.
Members*)
Algeria (People's Democratic Republic ot) ................ .
Angola (Republic ot) ................................................... .
Saudi Arabia (Kingdom ot) ......................................... .
Bahrain (State ot) ....................................................... ..
Benin (Republic ot) ..................................................... .
Botswana (Republic ot) ............................................... .
Burkina Faso ............................................................... .
Burundi (Republic ot) ................................................. .
Cameroon (Republic ot) .............................................. .
Cape Verde (Republic ot) ........................................... .
Central African Republic ............................................ .
Comoros (Isl. Fed. Rep. of the) ................................... .
Congo (Republic of the) .............................................. .
Cote d'Ivoire (Republic ot) ......................................... .
Djibouti (Republic ot) ................................................. .
Egypt (Arab Republic ot) ............................................ .
United Arab Emirates .................................................. .
Spain ............................................................................ .
Ethiopia (Federal Democratic Republic ot) ................ .
France .......................................................................... .
Gabonese Republic ...................................................... .
Gambia (Republic of the) ............................................ .
Ghana ........................................................................... .
Guinea (Republic ot) ................................................... .
Guinea-Bissau (Republic ot) ....................................... .
Equatorial Guinea (Republic ot) ................................. .
Iran (Islamic Republic ot) ........................................... .
Iraq (Republic ot) ........................................................ .
Kenya (Republic ot) .................................................... .
Kuwait (State ot) ......................................................... .
Lesotho (Kingdom ot) ................................................. .
Liberia (Republic ot) ................................................... .
Libya (Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya)
Madagascar (Republic ot) ........................................... .
Malawi ......................................................................... .
Mali (Republic ot) ....................................................... .
Morocco (Kingdom ot) ............................................... .
Mauritius (Republic ot) ............................................... .
Mauritania (Isl. Republic ot) ....................................... .
Mozambique (Republic ot) ......................................... .
Namibia (Republic ot) ................................................. .
Niger (Republic of the) ............................................... .
Nigeria (Federal Republic ot) ..................................... .
Oman (Sultanate ot) .................................................... .
Uganda (Rep. ot) ......................................................... .
Qatar (State ot) ............................................................ .
Geneva Agreement (1963)
2
s
s
s
s s
s s s s
s s
s
s s s
s
s
s s
s
3
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
Geneva Protocol (1985)
4
s
s s
s
s
s s s s
s
s
s
5
A
A
A
A
A
Geneva Protocol (1989)
6
s
s
s
s
s s
s
s s s s
s
s
s s s
s s s s s
s
7
A
A
Geneva Agreement (1989)
8
s
s s s s s s s
s s
s s s s s s
s s
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
s s s
s
9
A
A
-:-109-
Table VIII. (end)
Members*) Geneva Agreement Geneva Protocol Geneva Protocol Geneva Agreement
(1963) (1985) (1989) (1989)
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland ..................................................... . s s
Rwandese Republic ..................................................... . s s Sao Tome and Principe (De m. Rep. of) ...................... .
Senegal (Republic of) .................................................. . s A s s s Sierra Leone ................................................................ . s A
Somali Democratic Republic ..................................... .. s Sudan (Republic of the) ............................................. ..
South Africa (Republic of) .......................................... . s A A A A
Swaziland (Kingdom of) ............................................. . s s Tanzania (United Republic of) .................................... . s A
Chad (Republic of) ...................................................... . s s s Togolese Republic ....................................................... . s s s Yemen (Republic of) ................................................... . s Zaire (Republic of) ...................................................... . s Zambia (Republic of) .................................................. . s s s Zimbabwe (Republic of) ............................................. . s s
*) In the alphabetical order of the French version of the country names.
-110-
IX. Special Agreements
Special Agreement for use of the 582-606 MHz band for radionavigation purposes (Brussels, 1962)
This Agreement was concluded between the following Administrations: Federal Republic of Germany, Belgium, Denmark, France, Kingdom of the Netherlands, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and Confederation of Switzerland.
Special Agreement concerning the use of frequencies for additional low-power television transmitters operating in the ultra high-frequency range (Band IV, 472-582 MHz
and Band V, 582-960 MHz) in the frontier areas (Karlsruhe, 1966)
This Agreement was concluded between the following Administrations: Federal Republic of Germany, Austria, Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg and Kingdom of the Netherlands.
This Agreement was approved without reservation by all these Administrations.
Special Agreements concerning the coordinated use of frequencies between 29.7 and 470 MHz by the fixed and land mobile services
Agreement signed at Vienna on 25 April 1969 by the following Administrations: Austria, Hungarian People's Republic and Czechoslovak Socialist Republic.
This Agreement, which was approved without reservation by these Administrations, came into force on 1 January 1970.
Agreement signed at Budapest on 1 July 1976 by the following Administrations: Hungarian People's Republic and Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
This Agreement became effective sixty days after signing.
Agreement signed at Athens on 23 June 1979 by the following Administrations: Greece and Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
This Agreement, which was ratified by these Administrations, came into force on 1 January 1980.
Agreement signed by the following Administrations: Socialist Republic of Romania and Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
This Agreement came into force on 10 February 1981.
-111-
Special Agreements concerning the coordinated use of frequencies between 29.7 and 960 MHz by the f"IXed and land mobile services
Agreement signed at Vienna on 23 September 1976 by the following Administrations: Austria and Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
This Agreement, which was approved without reservations by these Administrations, came into force on 1 January 1977.
Agreement signed at Vienna on 24 January 1986 by the following Administrations: Austria, Federal Republic of Germany, Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg, the Kingdom of the Netherlands and the Confederation of Switzerland.
By a letter dated 4 February 1991, the Austrian Administration notified that the Administrations of the Republic of Hungary and the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic had adhered to the Agreement.
By a letter dated 30 March 1993, the Austrian Administration notified that the Administrations of the Republic of Croatia and the Republic of Slovenia had adhered to the Agreement.
This Agreement came into force on 1 January 1989.
Regional Arrangement concerning the Rhine radiotelephone service (Munich, 1976)
This Arrangement was concluded on 1 October 1976 between the Administrations of the following countries: Federal Republic of Germany, Belgium, France, Luxembourg, the Kingdom of the Netherlands and the Confederation of Switzerland.
The Arrangement, which was approved by all the said Administrations (with some reservations on the part of the Netherlands Administration), came into force on 1 Apri/1977.
In addition, the Administration of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland became a participating Administration under the provisions of Article 9 of the Arrangement.
Special Agreement concerning the use of the band 174-225 MHz
One such Agreement was signed at Paris on 10 April 1984 between the Administrations of France and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
This Agreement came into force on 10 May 1984.
Protocol of Agreement concerning the bringing into service of broadcasting frequency assignments appearing in the Geneva Plan (1984)
in the band 104-108 MHz
This Protocol of Agreement was signed at Geneva on 7 December 1984 by the delegates of the Administrations of France and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland on the one hand, and the Administrations of the Federal Republic of Germany, Belgium, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Monaco, the Kingdom of the Netherlands and the Confederation of Switzerland on the other hand.
The provisions of the Protocol of Agreement came into force on 1 January 1986.
-112-
Protocol of Agreement concerning criteria of sharing between different services in the band 174-225 MHz
This Protocol of Agreement was signed at Geneva on 27 November 1984 by the delegates of the Administrations of the Kingdom of the Netherlands and of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
The provisions of this Protocol of Agreement came into force on 27 December 1984.
Special Agreement concerning implementation of the broadcasting service in frequency band 104-108 MHz
This Agreement was signed at Copenhagen on 29 January 1986 by delegates of the Administrations of the Federal Republic of Germany, Denmark, the People's Republic of Poland, Sweden and the USSR.
The Agreement contains details of frequency usage that can be implemented in the time period mentioned in Resolution 3 of the RAC for the Planning of VHF Sound Broadcasting (Region 1 and part of Region 3) (Geneva, 1984).
Special Agreement concerning the assignment and use of frequency-modulated sound-broadcasting channels
in the VHF band 88-108 MHz
This Agreement was signed at Montevideo on 8 July 1980 by the representatives of the Administrations of the Argentine Republic, the Federative Republic of Brazil and the Eastern Republic of Uruguay.
Note: The terms of the Agreement were received by the General Secretariat on 10 June 1987.
Memorandum of Understanding concerning the frequency coordination of FM Sound Broadcasting stations in the band 87.5-108 MHz and
Aeronautical Radionavigation stations in the band 108-117.975 MHz
This Memorandum of Understanding was signed at Malaga-Torremolinos on 12 February 1992 by the Administrations of Belgium, Ireland, the Kingdom of the Netherlands and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
The provisions of this Memorandum of Understanding entered into force on 1 July 1992.
-113-
Annex2·
Budget and Accounts for 1996
International Telecommunication Union
ORDINARY BUDGET 1996-1997
INTERIM STATEMENT OF INCOME AND EXPENDITURE
for the period ending 31 December 1996
EXPENDITURE
1. General Secretariat
2. Radiocommunication Sector
3. Telecommunication Standardization Sector
4. Telecommunication Development Sector
Total Sector expenditure
Cancellation of bad debts
Excess of income over expenditure
TOTAL
Swiss francs
(Unaudited)
Expenditure 1994-95
(000)
129,675
66,712
36,941
56,562
289,890
399
290,289
21,755
312,044
Budget 1996-97*)
133,716,441
69,214,202
38,880,048
61,535,505
303,346,196
303,346,196
303,346,196
Expenditure 1996**)
68,775,808.06
29,452;791.26
15,898,042.71
31,083,532.46
145,210,174.49
190,779.55
145,400,954.04
0.00
145,400,954.04
Balance on
31.12.96
64,940,633
39,761,411
22,982,005
30,451,973
158,136,022
-190,780
157,945,242
0
157,945,242
*) including additional appropriations of 8,260,000 Swiss francs (Resolution 1088) and 224;196 Swiss francs (Resolution 647).
**) including commitments of 9,681,701.39 Swiss francs.
-114-
International Telecommunication Union
ORDINARY BUDGET 1996-1997
INTERIM STATEMENT OF INCOME AND EXPENDITURE
for the period ending 31 December 1996
INCOME
ASSESSED CONTRIBUTIONS
Contributions by Member States
Contributions by Sector Members - Radiocommunication Sector - Telecommunication Standardization Sector - Telecommunication Development Sector Total contributions by Sector Members
Total assessed contributions
OTHER INCOME
Support cost income to the Development Sector - Support cost income - Withdrawal from the Exhibition Working Capital
Fund Total support cost income
Contributions for the Plenipotent. Conference 1994 World Development Conference 1994 World Radio Conference 1994 Miscellaneous and unforeseen income
Total other income
Withdrawal from the Reserve Account, Res. 1071 Withdrawal from the Publications Capital Ace., Res 1071 Withdrawal from the Reserve Account, Res. 647 Withdrawal from the Reserve Account, Res. 1088
Swiss francs
(Unaudited)
Income 1994-95
(000)
244,988
12,978 22,621
2.796 38,395
283,383
7,590 Q
7,590
32 32 53
1,602
9,309
18,953 0 0 0
Withdrawal from the Reserve for Debtors' Accounts to offset 399 the cancellation of bad debts, Dec. 468 and 469
TOTAL INCOME 312,044
Budget 1996-97 31.12.96
241 ,467,000
12,321,000 21,378,000
3,055,000 36,754,000
278,221,000
5,449,000 1,200,000
6,649,000
0 0 0
192,000
6,841,000
7,800,000 2,000,000
224,196 8,260,000
0
303,346,196
Budgeted for
1996
120,371,000
6,142,000 10,657,000
1,523,000 18,322,000
138,693,000
2,724,000 600,000
3,324,000
0 0 0
96,000
3,420,000
7,800,000 2,000,000
224,196 8,260,000
0
160,397' 196
Actual income
1996
122,093,916.70
6,880,700.00 11,495,500.00
1,728,450.00 20,104,650.00
142,198,566.70
3,098,935.00 600,000.00
3,698,935.00
0.00 0.00 0.00
461,582.07
4,160,517.07
7,800,000.00 2,000,000.00
224,196.00 8,260,000.00
190,779.55
164,834,059.32
-115-
International Telecommunication Union
PUBLICATIONS BUDGET 1996-1997
INTERIM STATEMENT OF INCOME AND EXPENDITURE
for the period ending 31 December 1996
INCOME
Sale of publications
1. General Secretariat
2. Radiocommunication Sector
3. Telecommunication Standardization Sector
4. Telecommunication Development Sector
Total sale of publications
Other income
Total income
EXPENDITURE
Production costs including dispatch and mailing
1. General Secretariat
2. Radiocommunication Sector
3. Telecommunication Standardization Sector
4. Telecommunication Development Sector
Total production costs
Non distributed secondary costs
Other expenditure
Total expenditure
Surplus of income over expenditure
TOTAL
Swiss francs
(Unaudited)
Income 1994-95
(000)
465
11,171
10,654
843
23,133
1,179
24,312
Expenditure 1994-95
888
6,812
8,064
957
16,721
3,891
262
20,874
3,438
24,312
Budget 1996-97
144,000
11,925,000
14,869,000
911.000
27,849,000
186,000
28,035,000
Budget 1996-97
119,000
9,857,000
12,283,000
752.000
23,011,000
4,838,000
186,000
28,035,000
28,035,000
Actual income
1996
182,204.44
5,437,050.33
6,185,692.70
298.492.91
12,103,440.38
534,581.87
12,638,022.25
Actual expenditure
1996
329,719.42
3,934,322.78
4,302,629.43
243.388.12
8,810,059. 75
2,597,579.67
160,485.69
11,568,125.11
11,568,125.11
-116-
International Telecommunication Union
INTERIM STATEMENT OF ASSETS AND LIABILITITES
for the period ending 31 December 1996
Swiss francs
(Unaudited)
ASSETS
31.12.1996 31.12.1995
Liquid assets - Sight funds 9,918,124.11 23,744,366.04 - Portfolio 260,729.80 454,614.30 - Fixed term deposits 132,370,000.00 91,450,000.00
142,548,853.91 115,648,980.34
Advances 1,159,491.25 1 ,450,185.55
Debtors
- Arrears - contributions and publications - Member States 32,284,284.05 - contributions and publications - Sector Members 4,063,698.70
36,347,982.75 34,096,451.50
- Current - contributions and publications - Member States 6,219,098.35 - contributions and publications - Sector Members 2, 782,045.50
9,001,143.85 11,262,206.85
- Special arrears accounts 5,859,667.80 6,471,390.54
- Others 2,266,5 87.30 2,117,741.52
8,126,255.10 53,947,790.41
Current accounts 880,303.49 1,095,840.14
Suspense accounts 0.00 2,617,628.55
Sundry stocks· 1.00 - Stores, reprography and technical services value 826,000.00 1.00 - Paper for printing value 84,000.00 1.00 - Publications value 2,263,000.00 1.00
3.00 1.00
Fixed assets - V arembe building purchase value 5,000,000.00
insured value 30,756,350.00 1.00 1.00 - Tower building construe. value 24,488,000.00
insured value 46,900,950.00 4,925,735.00 6,250,890.00 - Building extensions construe. value 21,060,000.00
insured value 26,300,900.00 20,945,700.00 19,743,330.00 - Furniture and equipment insured value 22,000,000.00 1.00 1.00 - Construction of the new "Montbrillant Building" 4,479,427.14 2,171,921.74
30,350,864.14 28,166,143.74
Assets to be amortized - Expenditure for the air-cooling of the V arembe building 3,251,101.58 2,872,409.58
3,251,101.58 2,872,409.58
Actual expenditure for 1996*) 147,287,377.76
378,953,376.83 205,798,979.31
*) excluding commitments of 9,681, 701.39 Swiss francs
-117-
International Telecommunication Union
INTERIM STATEMENT OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
for the period ending 31 December 1996
Swiss francs
(Unaudited)
LIABILITIES
31.12.1996 31.12.1995
External funds - Advances from FIPOI for construction of the Tower building 4,925,735.00 6,250,890.00 - Advances from FIPOI for construction of the building extensions 20,945,700.00 19,743,330.00 - Creditors and depositors 4,698,507.01 5,059,643.15 - 1997 contributions paid in advance 108,728,031.05 90,622,599.95
139,297,973.06 121,676,463.10
Current accounts 191,226.30 891,498.85
Suspense accounts 0.00 2,398,259.93
Account for payments granted for previous years 0.00 7,975,676.34
Special funds - Exhibition Working Capital Fund 5,366,913.75 6,620,958.85 - Buildings Upkeep Fund 966,815.65 777,267.65 - ITU Restaurant/ Cafeteria/ Bar Upkeep Fund 269,766.28 245,143.75 - Staff Welfare Fund 228,092.21 218,932.51 - ITU Centenary Prize Fund 661,528.00 681,767.15 - Reserve for Staff Installation and Repatriation 5,421,435.64 3,323,943.99 - Reserve for Debtors' Accounts 29,065,993.49 20,392,079.35 - Provision for indemnities to be paid 285,180.00 295,180.00
42,265,725.02 32,555,273.25
Capital - Reserve Account 14,037,387.37 33,531,787.33 - Publications Capital Account 2,932,100.51 4,932,100.51 - Financing of the air-cooling of V arembe building 2,756,880.00 1,837,920.00
19' 726,367.88 40,301,807.84
Income for 1996 177,4 72,084.57
378,953,376.83 205,798,979.31
