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UGC-NET/JRF Exam., December 2012 Solved PaperPsychology

(Paper–II)

Directions—This paper contains fifty (50)objective type questions of two (2) marks each.All questions are compulsory.

01. In an experiment the stimuli were presentedto the subjects in certain order and after thepresentation of stimuli their order wasdisturbed. In the test phase the subjects wereneeded to set them in the presented order.Which of the following methods was used inthis experiment ?(A) Recognition (B) Relearning(C) Reconstruction (D) Recall

02. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Indicate your answer using thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : If your teacher embar-rassesyou for asking a question in class, it is lesslikely that you would ask questions in class infuture.Reason (R) : Negative reinforcement reducesthe occurrence of a behaviour.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is

correct explanation of (A)(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not

the correct explanation of (A)(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true

03. What is the correct sequence of sympatheticand parasympathetic division given below ?(A) Thoracic—Sacral—Cranial—Cervical—

Lumbar(B) Cranial—Lumbar—Thoracic—Cervical

—Sacral(C) Sacral—Cervical—Thoracic—Cranial—

Lumbar(D) Sacral—Cranial—Cervical—Thoracic—

Lumbar

04. The human ear can generally hear soundsranging from—(A) 20 – 1000 Hz (B) 10 – 2000 Hz(C) 20 – 2000 Hz (D) 1000 – 5000 Hz

05. Match List-I with List-II and indicate youranswer using codes given below—

List-I List-II(Personality (Focus)Theories)

(a) Behaviourists 1. Self-concepts(b) Psychodynamic 2. Habits(c) Biological 3. Childhood fixations(d) Humanistic 4. Inheritance of genesCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 3 4 2(B) 2 4 3 1(C) 2 3 4 1(D) 1 4 2 3

06. The chronological age that most typicallycorresponds to a given level of performance iscalled—(A) Intelligence Quotient(B) Maturation(C) Mental age(D) None of the above

07. The role of unconscious in creative thinkingis known as the process of—(A) Verification (B) Illumination(C) Inoculation (D) Incubation

08. Which factor is not much related tohappiness ?(A) High self-esteem(B) Educational level(C) Close friendship or satisfactory marriage(D) Meaningful religious faith

2 | UGC Psychology II (D-2012)

09. Which is the correct order of ‘Products’ givenby Guilford ?(A) Units, Relations, Classes, Systems, Impli-

cations, Transformations(B) Units, Classes, Systems, Relations, Impli-

cations, Transformations(C) Units, Classes, Relations, Systems,

Transformations, Implications(D) Units, Classes, Systems, Relations,

Transformations, Implication

10. Which is not the obstacle to problemsolving ?(A) Confirmation bias(B) Fixation(C) Mental Set(D) Heuristics

11. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A), and the other labelled asReason (R). Indicate your answer using thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : Algorithm is a logical rulethat guarantees solving a particular problem.Reason (R) : One can find the solution evento complex problems by following step bystep procedure.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not

the correct explanation of (A)(B) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the

correct explanation of (A)(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true

12. Which of the following statements concerningreinforcement is correct ?(A) Learning is most rapid with partial rein-

forcement, but continuous reinforcementproduces the greatest resistance to ex-tinction

(B) Learning is most rapid with continuousreinforcement but partial reinforcementproduces the greatest resistance toextinction

(C) Learning is the fastest and resistance toextinction is the greatest after continuousreinforcement

(D) Learning is the fastest and resistance toextinction is the greatest following par-tial reinforcement

13. The sentence “Blue Jeans wear false smiles”has correct ______ but incorrect ______.(A) Morphemes; phonemes(B) Phonemes; morphemes(C) Semantics; syntax(D) Syntax; semantics

14. Match the following lists according to thetype and characteristics of thinking—

List-I List-II(Types of (Characteristics)(Thinking)

(a) Autistic thinking 1. Reasoning(b) Realistic thinking 2. Drawing facts(c) Convergent thinking 3. Unusual uses(d) Creative thinking 4. FantasyCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 3 4 2(B) 3 1 2 4(C) 2 1 3 4(D) 4 1 2 3

15. The main function of autoclitic behaviour isto—1. Qualify responses2. Express relations3. Providing a grammatical framework for

verbal behaviourCodes :(A) 1 only (B) 2 and 3 only(C) 1 and 3 only (D) 1, 2 and 3

16. The phi-phenomenon, stroboscopic motion,induced motion and autokinetic motion areall—(A) Pictorial cues (B) Apparent motion(C) Double images (D) Non-verbal cues

17. Which one of the following is the mostimportant feature of the defense mechanismof Rationalization ?(A) Going back to an earlier stage of

development(B) Justifying one’s actions(C) Magically atoning for certain acts that

give rise to guilt(D) Attributing one’s emotions to other

persons

UGC Psychology II (D-2012) | 3

18. “People control basic anxiety by movingtoward, away from, and against others.”Which group of personality psychologiststheorized this statement ?(A) Psychoanalytic (B) Neo-Freudian(C) Social learning (D) Cognitive

19. A psychotic person would probably score thehighest on which MMPI-2 scale ?(A) Depression (B) Hysteria(C) Schizophrenia (D) Mania

20. Match List-I with List-II and indicate youranswer by using the codes given below thelists—List-I (Part of eye)(a) Pupil (b) Iris(c) Lens (d) RetinaList-II (Function)1. Focus images on the retina.2. Begin the processing of visual informa-

tion.3. Allow light to enter.4. Controls the size of the pupil.Codes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 3 4 1 2(C) 1 3 4 2(D) 4 2 1 3

21. Learning by imitating other’s behaviour iscalled _______ learning. The researcher bestknown for studying this type of learning is—(A) Observational — Bandura(B) Secondary — Pavlov(C) Observational — Watson(D) Secondary — Skinner

22. As we enter a movie theatre from bright lightthe visual sensitivity increases and within 5-10 minutes we are able to see under lowlevels of illuminations. This is due to—(A) Visual acuity (B) Dark adaptation(C) Saturation (D) Transduction

23. Which of the following internal conditionsdetermine perceptual process ?1. Intelligence 2. Emotion3. Motivation 4. Information

Codes :

(A) 1 and 2 only (B) 2 and 3 only

(C) 2 and 4 only (D) 1 and 4 only

24. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale has elevensubtests out of which—

(A) Five are verbal and six are performance

(B) Six are verbal and five are performance

(C) Seven are verbal and four are perfor-mance

(D) Four are verbal and seven are perfor-mance

25. What is the correct sequence of memoryprocesses ? Indicate your answer using thecodes given below—

1. Encoding 2. Storage

3. Attention 4. Retrieval

Codes :

(A) 3, 1, 2, 4 (B) 2, 3,1, 4

(C) 1, 3, 2, 4 (D) 3, 2, 1, 4

26. Match the monocular cues with their expla-nations and select the correct answer usingthe code given below—

List-I (Cues)(a) Relative size

(b) Linear perspective

(c) Motion Parallax

(d) Texture gradient

List-II (Explanation)1. Straight lines seem to joint together as

they become more distant.

2. An object changes position on the retinaas the head moves.

3. If two objects are of same size, the oneproducing the smaller retinal image isfarther away.

4. The texture of a surface appears smoo-ther as distance increases.

Codes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 3 1 2 4

(B) 1 3 4 2

(C) 4 2 3 1

(D) 2 4 1 3


27. Read the following two statements, Assertion(A) and Reason (R) and indicate your answerusing the codes given below—Assertion (A) : Biderman’s ‘recognition bycomponents’ theory states that objects can bethought of as being composed of basic buil-ding blocks called Geons.Reason (R) : The relationship betweenfeatures and geons does not exist. Geons arenot composed of features such as edges,corners etc.Codes :(A) (A) and (R) are false(B) (A) is false, but (R) is true(C) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not

the correct explanation of (A)(D) (A) is true, but (R) is false

28. Read each of the following two statements,Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and indicateyour answer using the codes given below—Assertion (A) : People just coldly store andretrieve bits of data.Reason (R) : Psychologists recognize thatpeople reconstruct their own version of thepast.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is

the correct explanation of (A)(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is

not the correct explanation of (A)(C) (A) is false, but (R) is true(D) (A) is true, but (R) is false

29. Ventromedial nucleus, a central area on theunderside of the hypothalamus, lead to—(A) Excessive eating(B) Stop eating(C) Stop sex(D) Excessive obesity

30. Read each of the following two statements—Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and indicateyour answer using, the codes below—Assertion (A) : According to interferencetheory of forgetting, forgetting is caused dueto the intervening task which occurs betweenoriginal task and its recall.Reason (R) : The intervening task weaken thememory trace.

Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the



31. Match List-I with List-II and indicate youranswer using the codes given below—List-I (Emotion)(a) Fear (b) Anger(c) DepressionList-II (Nerves Activity)1. Parasympathetic arousal2. Sympathetic arousal3. Sympathetic and parasympathetic arousal4. PsychosomaticCodes :

(a) (b) (c)(A) 2 3 1(B) 1 2 3(C) 2 1 3(D) 3 2 1

32. Read the following two statements, Assertion(A) and Reason (R) and indicate your answerusing the codes given below—

Assertion (A) : The high achievement moti-vation displayed by children has emotionalroots.

Reason (R) : Highly motivated children oftenhave parents who encourage their indepen-dence from an early age and praise and rewardthem for their successes.

Codes :

(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is thecorrect explanation of (A)

(B) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is notthe correct explanation of (A)

(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false

(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true

33. A person, otherwise limited in mental ability,has amazing specific skills. This is becauseof—(A) Academic under-achievement(B) Practical Intelligence


(C) Academic over-achievement(D) Savant Syndrome

34. A man borrows money and forgets to pay itback because paying back is painful. This isan example of—(A) Repression(B) Reaction Formation(C) Regressia(D) Rationalization

35. Whenever daughter performs well in herstudies she receives a chocolate from parentsbut her brother is given a chocolate only whenhe gets the highest marks in the class. This isa paradigm of—(A) Positive and negative reinforcement(B) Primary and secondary reinforcement(C) Continuous and secondary reinforcement(D) Continuous and partial reinforcement

36. The location of the optic nerve exit point fromthe retina of the eye is called as—(A) Bipolar cell (B) Fovea(C) Blind spot (D) Cone

37. For an intelligence test, while computingitem-remainder correlations for item analysis,we compute—(A) Phi-coefficient(B) Spearman rho(C) Tetrachoric correlation(D) Point-biserial correlation

38. Which of the following personality psycho-logist does not fall in the group of humanisticapproaches of personality ?(A) Carl Rogers(B) Rollo May(C) Martin Saligman(D) Abraham Maslow

39. A subject has a T score (Mean = 50; SD = 10)of 40 on an abstract reasoning test. Thecorresponding percentile rank would be—

(A) 16 (B) 34(C) 40 (D) 84

40. Which of the following tests are considered tobe culture-fair tests of intelligence ?1. Cattell’s Culture-Fair Test of Intelligence2. Raven’s Progressive Matrices

3. Wechsler’s Intelligence Scale forChildren

4. Goodenough-Harris TestCodes :(A) 1 only (B) 1 and 2 only(C) 1, 2 and 3 only (D) 1, 2 and 4 only

41. The information in terms of sound is main-tained in—(A) Semantic code (B) Acoustic code(C) Iconic code (D) Information code

42. Which of the following personality tests areconsidered to be the projective in nature ?1. Thematic Apperception Test2. Kent-Rosenoff Word Association Test3. NEO Five-Factor Inventory4. Rotter’s Incomplete Sentence BlankCodes :(A) 1 only (B) 1 and 2 only(C) 1, 2 and 4 only (D) 2, 3 and 4 only

43. Read each of the following two statementsAssertion (A) and Reason (R) and indicateyour answer using the codes below—Assertion (A) : Thalamus and Hypothalamusplay an important role in emotions.Reason (R) : Thalamus and Hypothalamusanatomically lie close each other.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the


the correct explanation of (A)(C) (A) is true, (R) is false(D) (A) is false, (R) is true

44. Taylor conceptualized anxiety as a drive andhypothesized that subjects scoring higher onher anxiety scale would be conditioned fasterthan the low-scoring subjects. The experi-mental studies confirmed this hypothesis foreyelid conditioning. The results provideevidence for the—(A) Predictive validity of an anxiety scale(B) Construct validity of the anxiety scale(C) Concurrent validity of the anxiety scale(D) Content validity of the anxiety scale

45. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Indicate your answer using thecodes given below—


Assertion (A) : According to Flynn, perfor-mance on IQ tests has substantially increasedaround the world at all age levels.

Reason (R) : Performance on IQ tests isbecause of the interaction between geneticsand environment.

Codes :

(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is thecorrect explanation of (A)

(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is notthe correct explanation of (A)

(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false

(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true

Directions—(Q. 46—50) Read the followingparagraph and answer the five questions whichfollow—

The concept of variable is of central impor-tance in research. In psychological research,variables can be classified in several ways.Edwards has classified variables in three types—stimulus variables, behavioural variables andorganismic variables. From another perspective,variables have been classified into two types—thecontinuous variables and discrete variables. Thediscrete variables are further subclassified asreal discrete variables and artificially discretevariables.

The variables in research can be defined invarious ways, the two common types of defi-nitions being—constitutive definitions and opera-tional definitions. The operationalization ofvariables is of crucial importance in carrying outactual research. The tentative statements of expec-ted relationship between two or more variables arecalled hypotheses. The research hypotheses my bedirectional or non-directional. Needless to say thatthe hypotheses constitute to be the powerful toolin psychological research.

46. Which of the following variables/s can belabelled as organismic variables/s ?

1. Task complexity

2. Intelligence3. Errors made while learning task4. Heart-rateCodes :(A) 4 only (B) 2 and 4 only(C) 1, 2 and 4 only (D) 2, 3 and 4 only

47. Which one of the following is an example ofan artificially discrete variable ?(A) Number of children in a family(B) Nationality(C) Sex(D) Examination results in terms of pass and

fail

48. Which of the following is/are operationaldefinitions of Intelligence ?1. Intelligence ratings by an observing

psychologist.2. Intelligence as an ability to think criti-

cally, solve problems and adapt to thenovel situations.

3. Intelligence as a score on Raven’s Pro-gressive matrices.

Codes :(A) 2 only (B) 3 only(C) 1 and 3 only (D) 1, 2 and 3

49. “Males are more extraverted than females” isan example of—(A) Null hypothesis(B) Non-directional hypothesis(C) Directional hypothesis(D) Unverifiable hypothesis

50. Which of the following represents/s stylistic-ally correct version/s of a hypothesis ?1. To study the relationship between intelli-

gence and academic achievement.2. Is there a relationship between intelli-

gence and academic achievement.3. Intelligence and academic achievement

are positively correlated.4. Intelligence and academic achievement

are unrelated.Codes :(A) 1 only (B) 3 only(C) 1 and 2 only (D) 3 and 4 only

Answers with Hints1. (C) Reconstruction is a process whereby

memories for an event become distorted byinformation encountered after the event hasoccurred.

2. (C)3. (C) The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is

one of three major parts of the autonomicnervous system : the others being the


enteric andparasympathetic systems. Its gen-eral action is to mobilize the body's nervoussystem fight-or-flight response. It is, however,constantly active at a basic level to maintainhomeostasis.The parasympathetic nervous system is one ofthe two main divisions of the autonomicnervous system . The ANS is responsible forregulation of internal organs and glands,which occurs unconsciously. To be specific,the parasympathetic system is responsible forstimulation of ‘rest-and-digest’ or ‘feed andbreedactivities’ that occur when the body is atrest, especially after eating, including sexualarousal, salivation, lacrimation (tears),urination, digestion and defecation.

4. (C) The human ear can generally hear soundsranging from 20-2000 Hz. Below or above tothis threshold, he is unable to hear anythingclearly.

5. (C) Behaviourist perspective primarily con-cerned with observable behaviour thatbecomes habits after many practices and withthe relationships of observable behaviour toenvironmental stimuli.Psychodynamic theory is a theoretical orien-tation of Freudian approach that recognisesthe role of the unconscious in determiningbehaviour. It also considers the interplay ofthe unconscioius with the current situation,cognitive ability and life experience.Biological perspective to identifying cuasesof behaviour focuses on the functioning of thegenes, the brain, the nervous system and theendocrine system.Humanistic perspective emphasizes an indi-vidual's phenomenal world and inherentcapacity for making rational choices anddeveloping to maximum potential of his self.

6. (C) Mental age is a concept in relation tointelligence, expressed as the age at which achild is performing intellectually. The mentalage of the child that is tested is the same asthe average age at which normal childrenachieve a particular score.

7. (C) Inoculation is the placement of somethingthat will grow or reproduce, and is mostcommonly used in respect of the introductionof a serum, vaccine, or antigenic substanceinto the body of a human or animal,especially to produce or boost immunity to a

specific disease. It can also be used to refer tothe communication of a disease to a livingorganism by transferring its causative agentinto the organism, the implanting of micro-organisms or infectious material into a culturemedium such as a brewers vat or a petri dish,or the placement of microorganisms or virusesat a site where infection is possible.

8. (B) If a person has high self-esteem, closefriendship or satisfactory marriage andmeaningful religious faith, he must be happyand satisfied with his life, no matter howmuch educated he is.

9. (C) According to Guilford structure ofintellect (SI) theory, an individual's perfor-mance on intelligence tests can be traced backto the underlying mental abilities or factors ofintelligence. SI theory comprises of 150different intellectual abilities organised alongthree dimensions :Operations (Cognition, Encoding, Retention,Divergent thinking, Convergent thinking andEvaluation).Contents (Visual, Auditory, Symbolic,Semantic and Behavioural)Products (Units, Classes, Relations, Systems,Transformations and Implications).

10. (D) Problem solving is a process of deciding astrategy to solve a problem. It may beaccomplished by trial and error, informationretrieval, algorithms and heuristics while higharousal, mental set, confirmation bias andfunctional fixedness may hinder their process.

11. (B) An algorithm is a defined set of step-by-step procedures that provides the correctanswer to a particular problem. By followingthe instructions correctly, you are guaranteedto arive at the right answer.

12. (B)

13. (D) Autistic thinking means thinking itself orimaginary thinking. Realistic thinking focuseson getting solution of a problem throughlogical deduction.

14. (D) Thinking which results inconventionalsolutions and answers or conformity is calledconvergent thinking.

Creative or divergent thinking is concernedwith innovative ideas, unusual ways ofsolving problems and with something that isnot traditional.


15. (D) An autoclitic behaviour is a verbalbehaviour that has an organising function. Forexample-grammatical and rhetoric sequen-cescan be selected by the speaker so as to achievea particular goal. It combines B.F. Skinner’sclassification of Verbal Behaviour.

16. (B) Apparent motions are illusions of move-ment in which there is the perception ofmotion without any actual movement of theobject. Psychologists have studied severalkinds of apparent movement. These includeauto-kinetic effect, stroboscopic motion,induced motion and phi-phenomenon.

17. (B) Rationalization is a defense mechanismidentified by Freud. According to him, whenpeople are not able to deal with the reasonsthey behave in particular ways, they protectthemselves by creating self-justifying expla-nations for their behaviours.

18. (B) The Neo-Freudian psychiatrists and psy-chologists were a group of loosely linkedAmerican theorists of the mid-twentiethcentury, who were all influenced by SigmundFreud, but who extended his theories, often insocial or cultural directions. They have beendefined as ‘American writers who attemptedto restate Freudian theory in sociologicalterms and to eliminate its connections withbiology’ First, the Neo-Freudian was born inGermany by the German psychiatrist HaraldSchultz-Hencke.

19. (C) 20. (B)21. (A) Bandura has propose the observational

theory of learning. It is also known aslearning by imitating other's behaviour.

22. (B) 23. (B) 24. (B) 25. (A) 26. (A)27. (D) 28. (C) 29. (B) 30. (B) 31. (A)32. (A)33. (D) Sevant syndrome is a condition in which

a person with serious mental disabiliites,including austic disorder demonstrates pro-found and prodigious capacities and abilitiesfor in excess of what would be considerednormal.

34. (A) Repression is a kind of defense mecha-nism, operating unconsciously, that banishesunacceptable ideas, fantacies, affects orimpulses from consciousness or that keepsout of consciousness what has never been

conscious. Although not subject to voluntaryrecall, the repressed material may emerge inbehaviour in disguised form.

35. (D) A schedule of reinforcement in which thedesired behaviour is reinforced everytime itoccurs is known as continuous variable whilea condition in which repeated responses arereinforced only some of the time is calledpartial reinforcement.

36. (C) The area of the Retina where the opticnerve leaves the eye. This area is insensitiveto light and the eye is therefore ‘blind’ at thatpoint. It also refers to an area of someone'sbeliefs (otherwise rational) which is imper-vious to change through objective informationor rational argument.

37. (D)38. (C) A correlational technique used to estimate

the pearson-product correlation of two conti-nuous variables that have been dichotomizedis called Tetrachoric 3 correlation. Forexample : Age is continuous variable, butwhen it is split into two groups, such as-over40 and under 40, it becomes dicholomous.

39. (A) 40. (D)41. (C) Iconic memory is the visual sensory

memory (SM) register pertaining to the visualdomain and a fast-decaying store of visualinformation. It is a component of the visualmemory system which also includes visualshort term memory (VSTM) and long termmemory (LTM). Iconic memory is describedas a very brief pre-categorical, high capacitymemory store.

42. (C) 43. (C)44. (B) Construct validity is a general validity of

a measuring device. It answers the question ofwhether or not the measuring device actuallymeasures the construct under question.

45. (B) 46. (B) 47. (D) 48. (C) 49. (C)50. (D) Hypothesis is a tentative and testable

explanation of the relationship between two(or more) events or variables; often states as aprediction that a certain outcome will resultfrom specific conditions. An unproved theory,proposition, supposition and so on, tentativelyaccepted to explain certain facts or to providea basis for further investigation, argument andso on.

UGC-NET/JRF Exam., December 2012 Solved PaperPsychology

(Paper–III)

Note—This paper contains seventy five (75)objective type questions of two (2) markseach. All questions are compulsory.

1. Match the List-I with List-II using the codesgiven below—List-I (Stages)(a) Operational Concrete(b) Preoperational(c) Sensorimotor(d) Formal operationalList-II (Cognitive Development)1. Mature adult thought emerges, thinking by

deductive logic, abstract thought.2. Develops conservation concepts, classify

object in series.3. Represent the world mentally, thought

egocentric, child shows animism.4. Lacks of language, does not use symbol,

internal behaviour begins.Codes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 2 4 3(B) 2 1 4 3(C) 2 3 4 1(D) 1 3 4 2

2. Children learn to add new words through aprocess called—(A) Fast mapping (B) New mapping(C) Extensions (D) Inspiration

3. The perception of a stimulus that is below thethreshold for conscious experience is termedas—

(A) Just noticeable difference

(B) Differential threshold

(C) Signal detection

(D) Subliminal perception

4. Inspite of passing of many years you havelittle trouble in remembering where you werewhen you discovered the ‘Taj Tragedy’ of26/11 in Mumbai. What this memory iscalled ?

(A) Implicit memory

(B) Flash bulb memory

(C) Episodic memory

(D) Non-declarative memory

5. Which of the following explains the typicalintelligence-creativity relationship ?

(A) U-shaped relationship(B) Inverted U-shaped relationship(C) Linear negative relationship(D) None of the above

6. Perceptive auditory receptors in the cochleaare identified as—(A) Basilar cells (B) Hair cells(C) Malleus cells (D) Glial cells

7. A realistic understanding of death concept isbased on the following ideas—1. Permanence2. Universality3. Mortality4. Non-functionality(A) 1 and 2 only (B) 2, 3 and 4 only(C) 3 and 4 only (D) 1, 2 and 4 only

8. The neurotransmitters called as feel goodhormones are known as—(A) Dopamine (B) Endorphines(C) Acetylcholine (D) GABA

9. Which of the following is/are the contenttheories of work motivation ?1. Alderfer’s EFG theory2. Hertzberg’s two-factor theory

2 | UGC Psychology III (D-2012)

3. Maslow’s theory of need hierarchy4. Porter and Lawler’s performance satisfac-

tion theory(A) 2 only (B) 2 and 3 only(C) 1, 2 and 3 only (D) 2, 3 and 4 only

10. Each individual is different from every otherbecause of which one of the followingreason ?(A) Chromosomes from the two parents

randomly pair up in each child(B) The female germ cells and the male germ

cell contain varying numbers of chromo-somes

(C) The male body cells and female bodycells have different numbers of chromo-somes

(D) The fertilisation of the egg takes place atdifferent times and days in differentindividuals

11. Match List-I with List-II and indicate youranswer using the codes given below—List-I (Concepts)(a) Person schemas (b) Role achemas(c) Self schemas (d) ScriptsList-II (Explanations)1. A schema consisting of an organized

collection of beliefs and feelings aboutourself.

2. Mental schemas suggesting that certaintraits and behaviours go together and thatindividuals having them represent certaintype.

3. The schemas containing information abouthow persons playing specific roles gene-rally act, and what they are like.

4. Schemas that indicate what is expected tohappen in a given setting.

Codes :(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 2 3 1 4(B) 1 3 2 4(C) 4 3 1 2(D) 3 1 4 2

12. Match List-I with List-II and indicate youranswer using the codes given below—List-I (Psychologists)(a) George Miller

(b) Atkinson and Shiffrin(c) Bartlett(d) Alan BadleyList-II (Memory Concepts)1. Three memory system2. Working memory3. Magical number > ± 24. Constructive memoryCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 2 3 1 4(C) 4 2 1 3(D) 3 1 4 2

13. Paradoxical Intention is based on which of thefollowing ?(A) Negative practice(B) Logo therapy(C) Existential therapy(D) Reciprocal inhibition

14. Given below are two statements—Assertion(A) and Reason (R). Indicate your answerusing codes given below—Assertion (A) : People rebel against thenorms of their group.Reason (R) : People desire to be liked and tobe right.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the



15. My friend is doing Masters Course inManagement after completing a degree coursein engineering. This act refers to the case of—(A) Autistic thinking(B) Convergent thinking(C) Divergent thinking(D) Evaluative thinking

16. Give the correct sequence for controllingirrational thoughts given below—1. Evaluate the accuracy2. Reward your self for effective change

UGC Psychology III (D-2012) | 3

3. Prepare incompatible thoughts4. Develop awarenessCodes :(A) 4, 2, 1, 3 (B) 2, 4, 1, 3(C) 4, 1, 3, 2 (D) 3, 2, 1, 4

17. How many interactions can be studied in a 2× 3 × 5 factorial design ?(A) 4 (B) 5(C) 29 (D) 30

18. Which of the following is not an error in eyewitness testimony ?

(A) Suggestibility

(B) Illusion of outgoing homogeneity

(C) Source monitoring

(D) Forgetting

19. Which of the following factors help inmaking faster recovery from illness and helpsin coping physical adversity more effec-tively ?

(A) Stress

(B) Optimism

(C) ‘Type A’ behaviour

(D) Ingratiation

20. The essential unity of the individual self-sense with that of the universe principle is thecentral argument of—

(A) Jainism (B) Advaita Vedanta

(C) Yoga (D) Buddhism

21. The abstract, idealized representations thatcapture an average or typical notion ofmembers of the category is known as—

(A) Network

(B) Examplar

(C) Prototype

(D) Category presentation

22. Because of the lightening speed, computerscan retrieve and manipulate stored data fasterthan people can, but the human brain beatsthe computer hands down when it comes to—

(A) Using heuristics

(B) Following algorithms

(C) Serial processing

(D) Simultaneous processing

23. The final decisions reached by groups canoften be predicted quite accurately byrelatively simple rules. What these rules areknown as ?(A) Thumb rules(B) Logistic rules(C) Cognitive decision schemas(D) Social decision schemas

24. Children are taught names of objects, animals,people, etc., by binding the relation betweennames and form. According to Skinner ……functions as a verbal operant.(A) Sign (B) Symbol(C) Tact (D) Mand

25. Match List-I with List-II and indicate youranswer using the codes given below—List-I(a) Cerebellum(b) Reticular formation(c) Medulla(d) Limbic systemList-II1. Sleep2. Emotions3. Reflexive activities4. Motor controlCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 4 2 3(B) 3 2 1 4(C) 1 2 3 4(D) 4 1 3 2

26. A motivation to defy the conformity in orderto protect one’s sense of freedom and self-efficacy is called—

(A) Asserting one’s uniqueness

(B) Coercion

(C) Disobedience(D) Reactance

27. Read each of the following two statements :Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and indicateyour answer using the codes given below—

Assertion (A) : Projective testing would be ofthe greatest interest to psychodynamic perso-nality psychologist.

4 | UGC Psychology III (D-2012)

Reason (R) : Projective testing is designed touncover unconscious thoughts, feelings, andconflicts.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the



28. Leaders who adjust their style, from one thatis task-oriented and directive to one that ismore relations-oriented and less directive, arefollowing the principles of—(A) Democratic Leadership Theory(B) Situational Leadership Theory(C) Consultative Leadership Theory(D) Equity Leadership Theory

29. Match List-I with List-II and indicate youranswer using the codes given below—List-I(a) Mixed Model(b) Regression(c) Elaboration(d) Divergent thinkingList-II1. Creativity2. Type I and II intelligence3. Structure of intellect4. Emotional intelligenceCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 2 1 4 3(B) 1 2 4 3(C) 4 2 1 3(D) 3 2 4 1

30. According to epidemiology, different types ofmeasures of epidemiology of mental illnessare—1. Prevalence2. Point prevalence3. Incidence4. Percentage

(A) 1, 2, 4 only (B) 1, 3, 4 only

(C) 2, 3, 4 only (D) 1, 2, 3 only

31. Given below are two statements : Assertion(A) and Reason (R). Indicate your answerusing the following codes—Assertion (A) : Encoding specificity statesthat a retrieval cue is successful only if it ispresent at the time of encoding.Reason (R) : When participants are givencategory names as retrieval it enables theparticipant of the experiment to rememberwhich were previously presented to them toremember.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the



32. Match List-I with List-II and use thefollowing code for your answer—List-I(a) Meaning of words(b) Rules that govern the order of words(c) Smallest unit of sound(d) Smallest unit of meaningList-II1. Morpheme 2. Phoneme3. Semantics 4. SyntaxCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 4 3 2 1(B) 1 2 3 4(C) 1 3 4 2(D) 4 2 3 1

33. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A), and the other labelled asReason (R)—Assertion (A) : Entrepreneurs prefer to takemoderate risks, as a result of skill and notchance.Reason (R) : Entrepreneurs usually haveinnovative ideas and they persistently work toimplement those ideas.In the context of the above two statements,which one of the following is correct ?(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the

correct explanation of (A)

UGC NET/JRF Exam. Solved PapersPsychology

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