Homework: Places, people, vocabulary page

156

Do Now: Did you ever move to a new town, or even a new house or school? How does a person feel when starting new somewhere? Describe the experiences. If you never experienced this, think about how you would feel if you did.

Monday, December 1, 2014

Tensions were growing between England and

Spain, especially when it came to colonization of the New World

England’s attempt to colonize North America and the English sea captains raiding Spanish ships for gold and silver angered the Spanish king greatly

Tensions on the Rise

Francis Drake was one of the noteworthy

captains in England. He had raided a Spanish ship on a trip around the world and brought back gold and silver

This made him a hero in England, but Spain needed retaliation

In 1588, King Phillip decided to attack England by assembling the Spanish Armada

The Last Straw

A huge fleet of war ships (Armada is the

Spanish word for fleet)

With 130 ships carrying 30,000 soldiers and sailors, the Spanish were confident of a victory

Spanish Armada

Homework:

Map Adventure page 159 Page 162 1 & 2

Do Now: What was the Spanish Armada? Review your notes from yesterday

Tuesday, December 2, 2014

The English navy had some important

advantages

The ships were smaller and moved faster with more powerful guns

Of the Spanish Armada’s 130 ships, only about 60 made it safely back to Spain

Now, England could turn their attention back to colonies in North America

English navy gets victory

In 1606, a group of merchants formed the

Virginia Company of London

They asked King James I for a charter to set up a colony in Virginia

The owners raised money by selling stock where each person would earn a profit if the colony was successful

The Virginia Company

In 1607, 3 English ships carrying about 120

colonists reached the eastern coast of Virginia

They traveled along a river which they named James River to honor the King

When they picked a spot to set up their colony, they called it Jamestown

What they thought would be a great land turned out to fail

The Jamestown Colony

Land was low and swampy

Air was full of disease-carrying mosquitos

River water was not healthy to drink

Almost as soon as they had arrived at Jamestown, many settlers began to die

Jamestown, not so great

No Homework

Do Now: Read pages 160-162)

Wednesday, December 3, 2014

Some Jamestown colonists were so focused on

finding gold that they neglected building shelter or planting food

By the end of their first year, only 38 of the first settlers were alive

John Smith was elected leader and made some changes

Gold in Virginia?

The colonists built houses and dug wells for

fresh water

Smith began trading with Chief Powhatan (the corn from the Powhatans helped keep colonists alive)

Things were peaceful between the colonists and the Powhatan people

Under Smith’s leadership

She was the young daughter of Chief

Powhatan who often visited Jamestown

John Smith later wrote that when he first met the chief, Smith was taken prisoner and 12 year old Pocahontas convinced her father not to kill him

Pocahontas

Smith returned to England in 1609

Without his leadership, the colony suffered

People died of hunger so often that this time became known as the “starving period”

The colony dwindled until England sent over new colonists with a new leader, Lord De La Warre

Without John Smith

Tobacco was native to the Americas and the

native people had shown early settlers how to plant and grow it

Tobacco became popular in Europe which helped make it Virginia’s first cash crop

Although the king did not approve, tobacco was rapidly being shipped to England

Tobacco helps Jamestown

Because tobacco popularity was growing so

quickly, farmers needed help

Thousands of English indentured servants began arriving in Jamestown

Between 1619 and 1622, many of the newly arrived indentured servants died of disease or overwork and mistreatment of their masters

Farmers needed help

Later, Africans were brought over and sold to

help the work effort

The marriage of John Rolfe and Pocahontas in 1614 helped maintain peace between the English settlers and the Powhatan people

Colony of Jamestown continues to grow

Homework: page 43 workbook

Do Now: Hand in Pocahontas paragraphs Read “You Are There” on page 164. Why is

Samual de Champlain looking for a specific river? What is he hoping to discover?

Wednesday, December 10, 2014

A French explorer who was part of an

expedition exploring the St. Lawrence River (present-day Canada)

The expedition was a search for the Northwest Passage (waterway connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans making it easier to sail between Europe and Asia)

Samuel de Champlain

Champlain founded the French colony of

Quebec on the St. Lawrence River

Quebec was near forests full of beavers and beaver fur was very profitable

Quebec thrived and became a trading center

The French also founded Montreal, together this region became known as New France

Quebec and Montreal

1609, Dutch leaders sent English sea captain

Henry Hudson to search for a new water route to Asia

Hudson sailed up a river hoping it was the Northwest Passage, but when it proved to be too shallow for the boat to sail through, he claimed the land for the Dutch (known as New Netherland)

Dutch settlements

1624 – Dutch settlers began building the town

on Manhattan island

Here, the Dutch could control trade on the Hudson River, later making New Amsterdam the biggest most important Dutch settlement in North America

New Amsterdam

Chapter 5 test next Friday! If you will be away, you must take it early!

Do Now: take out last night’s homework (page 167 – letter to ruler)

Friday, December 12, 2014

Gain wealth

Spread their religion

Live on land of their own

Some came for religious freedom

Reasons to come to North America

England at this time had separated from the

Roman Catholic Church

They had their own church formed by King Henry VIII, but many felt it was too much like the Roman Catholic Church

Seeking religious freedom

A group became known as Separatists

because they wanted to separate from the Church of England

They often faced persecution

William Bradford was a leader of the group and decided to leave England to start a settlement of their own

Separatists

These colonists coming over to worship freely

became known as the Pilgrims A person who journeys for religious reasons

Bradford went to the Virginia Company and asked permission to live on the land of Virginia

He knew troubling times were up ahead

Pilgrims

September 1620 – about 100 Pilgrims crowded a

small ship called the Mayflower

This ship was pushed off course and landed in Cape Cod

John Smith had named this region New England

Once the Pilgrims arrived they chose a rocky harbor which they called Plymouth

The Mayflower

Before even landing the ship, the Pilgrims

decided to write a plan of government for their colony

Mayflower Compact This said “just and equal laws…for the general

good of the colony”

Planning Ahead

HAPPY THANKSGIVING!

Do Now: What led to the pilgrims leaving England?

Wednesday, November 27, 2013

In early spring, while the Pilgrims were at work

planting seeds, a Native American named Samoset walked onto their settlement and said “Welcome Englishmen!”

This meeting began a period of friendly relations between the Pilgrims and the Wampanoag

A warm welcome

Samoset explained about another Native

American named Squanto He had been captured and sold into slavery in

Spain. When escaped he had gone to England and learned English

Later, Squanto came back to live with the Wampanoag. He acted as a translator when forming a peace treaty between the Pilgrims and Massasoit (Wampanoag leader)

Keeping Peace

Squanto and the Wampanoag continued to help by

showing how and where to hunt and grow corn

The Pilgrims decided to hold a celebration of thanksgiving.

Together, they feasted on deer, wild duck, lobster, fish, cornbread, pumpkin, squash, berries and wild plums.

The 3 day celebration included games and races

The First Thanksgiving