Biomass-Asia Project-Second Stage: Research and Technological Development

for Sustainable Biomass Utilization in Asian Countries

Kinya SakanishiKinya SakanishiBiomass Technology Research Center(BTRC),Biomass Technology Research Center(BTRC),

AIST, Hiroshima 737-0197, Japan AIST, Hiroshima 737-0197, Japan

““Green Biomass Green Biomass for for Blue Earth”Blue Earth”

4th Biomass Asia Workshop in Malaysia, on Nov.20-22, 2007

Challenges in the 21st century

keyword: Biomass

Trilemma !

1) Energy

2) Environment

3) Food

Collaborations (Agriculture & Engineering etc.) Collaborations (Agriculture & Engineering etc.) in the Asian Countries in the Asian Countries

Potential of Biomass Energy in the World

0 20 40 60 80 100

Asia

Europe

South America

Africa

Oceania

Plantation Animal waste Agricultural waste Forest

17

38

30

41

41

87

Asian region has abundant biomass resources.

(87EJ corresponds to 2.3 billion kl-petroleum)Unit: EJ ※1EJ=2.6×107kl-

petroleum

Ref. “Study on energy conversion technology for Biomass”(RITE 、 1998 ～ 2000)

North America

Potential Collaboration ProjectsPotential Collaboration Projects

Biomass LCA

Energy Crops(cassava, sugar cane, oil palm)

Sewage Sludge

Forestry Products

Agricultural Waste(rice husk, baggasse)

Biomass Target Technology Products

DME orhydrocarbon

Bioethanol

BDF

Bioplastics

Food Waste

Methane

FermentationNon-acidPretreatment

BTL

MethaneFermentation

Hydrogen

Plant GrowthRegulation

Technical and Post Doctoral Training (JICA program etc.)

HydrothermalPretreatment

BDF(glycerin)

Standardization

Reduction of petroleum consumption 　　 Reduction of CO2 emission.Reduction of petroleum consumption 　　 Reduction of CO2 emission.

Ethanol derived from biomass is one of the most promising options to reduce fossil fuel use and alleviate the global warming.

BioEthanol from Lignocellulosic Biomass

2000-2010Fuel technologies for urban environment

　 2010-2020　 Fuel technologies for mini- minimizing fuel consumption

Petroleum

S-free gasoline

S-free diesel

S-free ・ low-aroma ・low-olefins and high octane gasoline

S-free ・ low-aroma diesel

Natural Gas

Biomass

Coal

Heavy Oils

Syngas CO/H2

FT Synthesis,

GTL / BTL

DME

Methanol

H2 for Fuel CellH2

*PM,NOx reduction *Advanced end-of-pipe technologies

*CO2 reduction *New engine system/new fuel

Future Needs for Alternative Transportation Fuel

S-free, Aroma-free

Energy security

2020-

Designed fuel

etc.

Two Opposite Directions of Biomass Utilization

As small as possible

As large as possible

Local Energy Supply

Industrial Utilization

High efficiency and convenience

High economical viability

Stable law material supply,High demand in product

Bio-fuel Cell !

JAPANIP and technology

ASIA resources, technology and cost efficiency

win/win collaboration in R&D

•Manufacturing bases in Asia•Biomass industry•Create new industries and new markets

1. Produce new energies (transportation fuels:

Bioethanol, BDF etc.1. Reduce CO2 by using

biomass2. Produce biomaterials

Biomass-Asia Strategy- for Sustainable Growth

Past and Present Status of Asia Biomass Strategy

1st Biomass Asia Workshop

WS (ASEAN Biomass) Forum (MAFF support)

Biomass Asia Forum

2nd Biomass Asia Workshop

3rd Biomass Asia WorkshopAsian Biomass Association

Prep. Committee

2005.1

2005.12

2006.11

2006.1

Proposal2007.11

4th Biomass Asia WS & Organizing Asian Biomass Association

Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Science (JIRCAS)

National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO)

Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI)

University of Tokyo

Hiroshima University

National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)

Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Science (JIRCAS)

National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO)

Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI)

University of Tokyo

Hiroshima University

National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)

Asian Biomass Research Consortium

•Research consortium in Asia

•Collaboration programs with Asian countries

Partnership with Industry and Academia

Asia Biomass Energy Research Core(2007.4-)&Biomass Asia Project Team （ BAPT;2005.12-)

of AIST

BAPT(Biomass-related Research Units) Research Institute for Environmental

Management Technology

Research Center for Compact Chemical Process

Research Center for Life Cycle Assessment

Institute for Biological Resources and Functions

Research Institute for Innovation in Sustainable

Chemistry

Energy Technology Research Institute

Biomass Technology Research Center

Research Center for New Fuel Vehicle Technology

Asia Biomass Energy Research Core 　　　　　　　　　

International Affairs Dept.&Headquarters etc.

Research Institute for Genome-based Biofactory

JST, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science & Technology,(MEXT)

Biomass-Asia Project-2nd Stage: Research and Technological Development for Sustainable Biomass Utilization in Asian CountriesMembers;

National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)

Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS)

National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO)

Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI)

The University of Tokyo

Hiroshima University

Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)

National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA)

Standards and Industrial Research Institute of Malaysia (SIRIM)

Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology （ VAST)

The Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT)

Progress and ProposalJST Program(supported by MEXT)

FY 2007-2009(2nd stage)

Research and Technological Development for Sustainable Biomass Utilization in Asian Countries<Feasibility Study and Business Models for Sustainable Biomass Utilization>

FY 2004-2006

Research Project for ASEAN Biomass R&D Strategy <Biomass Asia Workshop and Networking Asian Biomass Countries>

Political and Social Needs

Political Need;　・ Biomass Nippon Strategy （ 2002 & 2005 renewed ）　・ EPA ： Japan-Malaysia(2006), Japan-Thailand(2007)　・ Japan-China-Korea Science&Technology Collaboration Ministry Meeting(2007)　・ East Asia(ASEAN+E3) Summit ： Cebu Island Declaration(2007)Social Need and Impact; ・ Mitigation of Global Warming　・ Substitution of Fossil Fuels　・ Activation of Agriculture　・ Suppression of Desertification　・ Demonstration of Sustainable Development Scenario

Purpose of the Present Proposal

Best Practice Scenario and System for Sustainable Biomass Utilization Models in Asian Countries

Total Promotion of Biomass Asia StrategyExtensive Win-Win Collaboration in AsiaInternational R&D Joint Projects on Biomass,Especially agriculture and engineering fields

ASEAN

Japan

Technology, IP, Human resources

Resources, Economical development,Technology transfer

Energy, Materials, CO2 reduction ： CDM Sustainable ⇒Development

Win-Win relationship

China

Proposal Content (draft)

Resources Technology

1. Hybrid Agricultural Refinery Model (ex. China) Corn, Rice, Wheat, Sugarcane, Cassava etc.

2. ASEAN Continental Model; Rice & Sugar Energy Complex

Model (ex. Thailand, Viet Nam etc.)

　　3. ASEAN Islands Model;Palm Oil Energy Complex （ Malaysia, Indonesia etc.)

Proposal of Efficient Recovery and Utilization Model of Agricultural Wastes

1. Sustainable Biomass-Refinery (1) Bio-Fuels 1-1. Bio-ethanol 1-2. Bio-diesel fuel(BDF) (2) Bio-chemicals

2. Evaluation & Design of Biomass Utilization System (1) Life cycle assessment(LCA) (2) Demonstration plant projects (3) Design of optimized local models

3. Research and Development for Sustainable Biomass Production

Role Sharing among Biomass-Asia Research Consotium

AISTJIRCASFFPRINAROUTHiroshimaUniv.

CASNSTDASIRIMVASTBPPT

1. Sustainable Biomass-Refinery (1) Biofuels; 1-1. Bio-ethanol 1-2. BDF (2) Bio-chemicals

2. 2. Evaluation & Design of Biomass

Utilization System (1) Life cycle assessment(LCA) (2) Demonstration plant projects (3) Design of optimized local models

3. Research and Development for Sustainable Biomass Production

Sustainable Biomass Utilization Sustainable Biomass Utilization Scenario in AsiaScenario in Asia

1) Palm Oil and Energy Complex ;

- Combined production of BDF and other bio-fuels for

sustainable availability and environmental protection

2) Sugar and Rice Energy Complex;

- Large-scale bio-ethanol production from agricultural

wastes for simultaneous supply of food and bio-fuels

3) Wood Refinery Complex;

- Total multi-production system of timber, paper pulp,

ethanol, and chemicals for new business model

Proposal on R&D Topics ~Palm Oil Complex~Proposal on R&D Topics ~Palm Oil Complex~

Utilization of EFB, trunk & residue;Gasification and C1 chemistry (bio-refinery)Bio-ethanol (sugar platform)

BDF related technologies and glycerol utilization;Exportable to Japan (improving fluidity) and standardDirect hydro-crackingPolymer materials from glycerolHydrogen and Ethanol Production from glycerol

Utilization of POME: No R&D topic. Commercial level.;Others;

High yield palm species (Genetic engineering)Machine for palm plantation (robot)Sustainability analysis (LCA, monitoring)

Ethanol Production from Palm Wastes

Trunk wasteTrunk waste

Empty Fruit Bunch

Empty Fruit Bunch

Oil PalmOil Palm

Fresh Fruit Bunch Fresh Fruit Bunch

Fruit Fruit

Fiber, ShellFiber, Shell

SaccharificationSaccharification

FermentationFermentation

PurificationPurification

PretreatmentPretreatmentLign

ocellulosic B

iomass

Lign

ocellulosic B

iomass

ETHANOLETHANOL

Crude Palm Oil Palm Kernel

Crude Palm Oil Palm Kernel

Oil PalmPalm Oil

trunk EFB 　　 shellPalm oil industry

Crude glycerol

・ lignocellulosic materials

・ Ethanol production 　

　　 lignin etc.

Bio-wasteBDF 　

New Materials from Oil Palm Biomass

Development of polymer materials

StandardizationStandardization for for Biodegradable plastics in AISTBiodegradable plastics in AIST

ISO 14855-2 (Aerobic biodegradation test) participated International Round-robin test (RRT)

ISO/AWI 10210 (Preparation method of test materials for biodegradation tests) proposed by AIST

ISO 15985 (Anaerobic biodegradation tests) participated RRT

ASTM D6866 (Measuring method of biomass carbon ratio) on research work in order to propose as ISO in future

Fruitful Collaborations Using Biomass

CO2 Reduction

CDM

InvestmentTechnology Transfer

Bio-FuelsBio-Fuels

Bio-Chemicals

Local Energy Supply

Carbon Credit

Forest Restoration

Biomass Networking for Sustainable Biomass Networking for Sustainable Partnership&Collaborations in AsiaPartnership&Collaborations in Asia

1) Organizing Working Group of Biomass Asia Network

- Asian Biomass Association for Next Step

2) Future Workshop Arrangement/Management;

- Host Country Initiative and Secretariat Function

3) Establishment of Personnel Exchanging Programs ;

- Promotion of Multi-disciplinary Technical and Post-doctoral Training and Education

4) Establishment of On-site Biomass Research Center;

- Biomass Resources Bank and R&D Core in Asia

Thank you for your kind attention!

““Green Biomass Green Biomass for for Cool Earth”Cool Earth”