December 10

TODAYS PURPOSE

Get your computer and your journal

Find Mrs. Staats website

Open the Earthquake Notes

Complete

Go to Quizlets and take the Earthquake and volcano quizlet.

Earthquakes

Earthquakes produce

three Types of Waves

that behave differently

through different materials. Earthquakes are the buildup of stress or tension in rocks or faults.

Earthquakes

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VSgB1IWr6O4&feature=player_embedded

3 types of waves to study

Primary Waves (P)

Secondary Waves (S)

Surface Waves

Focus

Under the surface of the Earth

Where earthquakes originate.

P waves and S waves are released from here.

Primary Waves (P)

Point where energy is released from the focus.

Travels the FASTEST of the waves

Move through solid and liquid layers of Earth

PUSH and PULL rock back and forth motion

LONGITUDINAL WAVES

Secondary Waves ( S)

Moves out from earthquake focus

Moves SLOWER than primary waves

Can ONLY move throug SOLID rock

Moves at right angles/rocks move up/down and side to side

TRANSVERSE WAVES

Surface Waves

Form when P and S waves reach the SURFACE

Can cause the ground to shake making rock sway from side to side and ROLL LIKE THE OCEAN.

Explain how scientists use data from seismic waves and Earths magnetic field.

Epicenter

the epicenter is the point on Earths surface directly above where the energy is released in an earthquake; energy that reaches the surface is greatest at this point.

seismograph

The energy spreads outward in all directions as vibrations called seismic waves. Seismic waves can be measured and recorded by a seismograph.

The vibration record, called a seismogram, looks like jagged lines on paper.

Measuring Earthquakes

Measuring the time between the arrival of the P and S waves determines the distance between the recording seismograph and the earthquake epicenter.

Triagulation

Triangulation identifies the epicenter of an earthquake. The location of an earthquakes epicenter is found by plotting circles on a map from the records of three seismograph stations and finding the point where the three circles intersect.

Interpret a Diagram of Seismic wave properties

Summarize these statements

Scientist use the principle that speed and direction of a seismic wave depends on the material it travels through.

Because earthquake waves travel faster through the mantle than through the crust, scientist know that the mantle is denser than the crust.

Extra Videos

More information

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1qbg7orb1lc&feature=player_embedded

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sA6oZ4YgKCA&feature=player_embedded

8.3.3 Infer an earthquakes epicenter from seismographic data.

EPICENTER the point on Earths surface directly above where the energy is released in an earthquake.

Seismic Waves

* energy spreads outward in all directions as vibrations.. Measured by seismograph

Seismogram vibration record

Measuring the time between the arrival of the P and S waves determines the distance..

Triangulation-identifies the epicenter of an earthquake. Find where 3 circles intersect.

Seismogram

8.3.4 Explain how igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks are interrelated in the rock cycle.

Igneous

Forms- molten rock cools and hardens

Cooling taking place slowly- intrusive

Cooling taking place rapidly- extrusive

Metamorphic

Forms when rocks are changed into different kinds of rocks

How? Heat, pressure, heated, squeezed, folded, chemically changed by hot fluids

Sedimentary

Forms by compaction/cementation of rock pieces, mineral grains, shell fragments

Sediments- rock pieces, minerals, fragments formed by weathering or erosion

Chemcial change by water

Ongoing Process Rock Cycle

Video

8.3.5 Minerals, Ores, Fossil Fuels

Two type of properties

Physical properties: hardness, luster, color, texture, density

Chemical Properties: ability to burn, reactivity with acids

Physical/Chemical Properties

Fossil Fuels

3 Common Earth Resources

Minerals natural, solid , building blocks for rock

Ores mined for useful metals and nonmetals

Fossil Fuels come from remains of living things: give off energy when they burn.