Each year, researchers report more than 15,000 new species They estimate there are 8.7 million...
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CLASSIFICATION
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How many species???
Each year, researchers report more than 15,000 new species
They estimate there are 8.7 million species on the planet, plus or minus 1.3 million
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Taxonomy
• Branch of biology that groups and names organisms based on studies of their different characteristics.
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The Diversity of Life has Unity
All living things have cell All living things have DNA or RNA
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Carolus Linnaeus Father of modern taxonomy
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Rules of Binomial Nomenclature
Genus First Word Capitalized Underlined or italicized
Ex. Acer or Acer
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Rules of Binomial Nomenclature
Specific Epithet (species)
Second Word Lower case Underline or italicized
Ex. lubricoides or lubricoides
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Examples
Homo sapiens Homo sapiens
If you are writing it by hand it MUST be Underlined
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Taxon’s
categories of organisms grouped by similar characteristics
Kingdoms – broadest category (6 kingdoms currently)
Species – most specific category
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Species –organism that can reproduce and create viable offspring
Viable means offspring that can also reproduce
Exceptions- mule or zebroid
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Classification levels
Taxon
Classification of Man
Reasons For Classification
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Taxon
Classification of Man
Reasons For Classification
Kingdom Animal No chloroplasts, cell wall, small vacuole
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Taxon
Classification of Man
Reasons For Classification
Kingdom Animal No chloroplasts, cell wall, small vacuole
Phylum Chordate backbone
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Taxon
Classification of Man
Reasons For Classification
Kingdom Animal No chloroplasts, cell wall, small vacuole
Phylum Chordate backbone
Class Mammal Hair, live birth
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Taxon
Classification of Man
Reasons For Classification
Kingdom Animal No chloroplasts, cell wall, small vacuole
Phylum Chordate backbone
Class Mammal Hair, live birth
Order Primates Walk upright
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Taxon
Classification of Man
Reasons For Classification
Kingdom Animal No chloroplasts, cell wall, small vacuole
Phylum Chordate backbone
Class Mammal Hair, live birth
Order Primates Walk upright
Family Homidae Man like
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Taxon
Classification of Man
Reasons For Classification
Kingdom Animal No chloroplasts, cell wall, small vacuole
Phylum Chordate backbone
Class Mammal Hair, live birth
Order Primates Walk upright
Family Homidae Man like
Genus Homo Man
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Taxon
Classification of Man
Reasons For Classification
Kingdom Animal No chloroplasts, cell wall, small vacuole
Phylum Chordate backbone
Class Mammal Hair, live birth
Order Primates Walk upright
Family Homidae Man like
Genus Homo Man
Species sapiens Like
You are responsible for learning this chart
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Pneumonic device to learn classification system and human
Kings Play Cards On Fridays Generally Speaking
Kevin Please Come Over For Great Soup
You may use one of these or make you own
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Create one for the classification of Man
A___________C___________M___________P___________H___________H___________ S____________
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GROUP NAME
ORGANISM
HUMAN CHIMPANZEE HOUSE CAT LION HOUSEFLY
KINGDOM Animalia Animalia Animalia Animalia Animalia
PHYLUM Chordate Chordate Chordate Chordate Arthropoda
CLASS Mammal Mammal Mammal Mammal Insect
ORDER Primates Primates Carnivora Carnivora Diptera
FAMILY Hominidae Pongidae Felidae Felidae Muscidae
GENUS Homo Pan Felis Felis Musca
SPECIES sapiens troglodytes domestica Leo domestica
Scientific Name Homo sapiens Pan troglodytes Felis domestica Felis leo Musca domestica
Which to organisms are closer related???
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TAXONOMY Started out with 2
categoriesPlant or
Animal
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HAD A 3 -> 4 -> 5 -> NOW USE A 6 Kingdom system of Classification
1 – Eubacteria 2 – Archeabacteria 3 – Protista 4 - Fungi 5 - Plant 6 – Animal
It may change to an 8 or 12 kingdom but right now it remains a 6 kingdom system
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Eubacteria
Bacteria that live in extreme environments
Prokaryotes Examples Swamps, hydrothermal vents,
seawater evaporating ponds
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Archeabacteria
all other types of bacteria Prokaryotes Most are harmless but some may cause
disease
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Protista
Eukaryotes Characteristics of both plant and animal Examples algae, protozoa, and slime
molds
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Fungi
Eukaryotes No chlorophyll cannot make own food Heterotrophs Mushrooms
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Plantae
Multicellular eukaryotes Photosynthetic Nonmotile
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Animalia
Multicellular eukaryotes Heterotrophs Usually mobile Most have a nervous system
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