Chapter 3

Get down to work 2

Chapter 4

Your documents, please 18

Volume 2

talk!ch

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Get down to work 3

Personality adjectives

Job offers

First conditional

Taking notes

What you aregoing to see

Choosing an occupation is not easy, especially for

young people who often have to make career decisions

too early. If you had to choose now, which occupation

would you like to have? Why? If you had to choose

between a satisfying job and a well-paid one, what

would you prefer? Why?

©Shutterstock/Creativa Images

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Identifying personality adjectives.

Analyzing and understanding job ads.

Understanding and using the first conditional.

Writing a résumé.

Taking notes while listening to information.

Goals

let’s start!

Personality adjectives 1 Which characteristics do you think are valued in a worker? Why? Write a list and discuss your ideas

with a partner.

2 Here are some characteristics that may be required in a job position. Can you match them to their opposites? Then, listen and check.

a) hardworking

b) outgoing

c) polite

d) organized

e) patient

f) generous

g) responsible

h) determined

i) strict

j) broad-minded

k) trustworthy

l) tolerant

( ) shy

( ) selfish

( ) irresponsible

( ) lazy

( ) impatient

( ) rude

( ) unsure

( ) messy

( ) narrow-minded

( ) intolerant

( ) lenient

( ) unreliableIlu

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3 What personal qualities do you think are important for these people?

a) A close friend has to be .

b) A teacher has to be .

c) A boss has to be .

4 How would you describe your own personality? Do you share the same characteristics with someone in your family or in your classroom?

5 What career do you want to pursue? Which qualities do you need to succeed in this career? Talk about it with your classmates.

Job offers 1 Discuss with a partner and answer:

a) How do people look for a job?

b) What do job seekers need to do to show they are available for a job?

2 Look at the text on page 5 and answer:

a) What kind of text is this?

b) What position is offered?

c) Who may be interested in this text?

d) Who posted this text?

3 Read the full text and check if the sentences are true (T) or false (F).

a) ( ) The applicant needs to know the menu, set up tables and charge bills.

b) ( ) The person has to be friendly and to get along with coworkers.

c) ( ) The applicant will work in the kitchen.

d) ( ) The job offer is in the USA.

e) ( ) The person has to be aware of new promotions.

reading

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Língua Inglesa

Server996 Main Avenue, Louisville, Kentucky

Part-time - $8 to $9.5 per hour

Job Summary:

Our servers must ensure guests have a great dining experience. They should be prepared to

serve guests in a warm and friendly manner. Servers must be attentive to all guests' needs.

Requirements:

• High school diploma, at least six months of relevant experience, excellent communication

skills, able to work weekends and holidays.

Responsibilities:

• Knowing the menu in order to explain it in detail to guests, especially current promotions.

• Maintaining a good working relationship with team members.

• Greeting all customers in a warm and helpful manner.

• Taking orders and serving meals promptly and courteously.

Taco´s

4 Go back to the text and answer:

a) Which characteristics does the applicant need to have/show?

b) Are you interested in this job? Why?

c) Do you have the necessary characteristics to apply for this job? Which ones?

d) Do you think it is safe to look for jobs online? Why is that?

e) Have you ever heard of a job scam? What is it? scam: a dishonest way to make money, a fraud

5

5 Check out an example of a job scam. Read it and compare it to the job offer on page 5. Then, answer.

Greetings,

We saw ur resume online and would like to offer u job in company – E&F&Z Associates.

Ur job role and responsibilities will remain same as stated in your resume. We will give 60% hike over

current salary, making your total salary package $200,000 CAD annually.

You have 2 log in for only 30 hours every week compared to ur current 45 hours. We will also give you the

freedom to work from home.

If you wish accept the job offer, pls send email at ‘jobs.mike@efzassoc.ca’, with information of:

Date birth;

Home address;

Social Insurance Number (SIN);

Bank account details.

Yours in service,

Mike V,

E&F&Z Associates.

MEHTA, Varun. How to determine if a job offer is a scam. Available at: <https://www.torontosom.ca/blog/how-to-

determine-if-a-job-offer-is-a-scam>. Accessed on: 7 May 2019.

a) How different are they?

b) What may signal that this is a scam?

6 Read some warnings about identifying job scams and choose the items you can find in the job offer in activity 5.

( ) Payment is required to apply

( ) No experience required

( ) Suspicious e-mails from unknown contact

( ) You did not apply

( ) Unprofessional/casual communication

( ) Unbelievable or unrealistic pay

( ) You have to provide sensitive information

( ) Instant hire

( ) Unbelievable or unrealistic working hours

( ) Online interviews via unprofessional messaging apps

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7 Carry out research and discuss with a partner:

a) How do you think people can look for a job online without being misled?

b) What can a person do to identify if a company is real?

c) Why do you think it’s important to check how reliable something online is before sending personal information or money to it?

Job interview 1 Look at this picture. Who are they? Where are they? What are they doing? What are they talking about?

2 You will hear these two people talking. What kind of words or sentences do you think they will use in their conversation?

let’s listen!

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3 Listen and check if they use the words and expressions you imagined. Take notes.

4 Listen again and fill in the form.

Applicant’s name:

Position wanted:

Abilities:

Professional qualities:

Experience:

Start working:

language in use

First conditional Check the following conditional sentence from the job interview and choose the best option.

If you get the job, you will start next Monday.

Use:

( ) It’s used to talk about a dream or something unreal.

( ) It’s used to talk about possible things, which could easily come true in the future.

Form:

If + condition in the simple present + , + result in the future

If she is late, she won’t be called for the interview.

or

Result in the future + if + condition in the simple present

She won’t be called for the interview if she is late.

(No comma in this case.)

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Língua Inglesa

Pronunciation tip

Although the contraction of will in I’ll, you’ll, she’ll, and etc.

is very short, it is still important to pronounce it.

If you have difficulty with the /l/ sound, try putting a short

1 Match the sentence halves.

a) If you want to find a good job,

b) You’ll have a good salary

c) You’ll be fired

d) If you don’t know what career to choose,

e) If you are chosen to work in another country,

f) If my son speaks English well,

g) Luke won't get the job

h) If my boss asks me to work overtime,

( ) I'll probably do it.

( ) if you don’t do your job properly.

( ) he will be hired by that multinational company.

( ) this lesson will probably help you get some ideas.

( ) you won’t be able to see your family for one year.

( ) you will have to study hard.

( ) if he is late for the interview.

( ) if you have good qualifications.

2 Complete the sentences and make them true for you.

a) If I don’t study hard, .

b) If it rains, .

c) I will watch a movie if .

d) I’ll be a good professional if .

e) I won’t get a good job if .

f) If I eat too much sugar, .

g) If I don’t study, .

h) I will have bad dreams if .

i) I will be late for school if .

j) If I eat lots of vegetables, .

activities

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3 Complete the sentences with the verbs in parentheses.

a) If we (not take) this bus, we (be) late for class.

b) My parents (be worried) if I (get home) late.

c) If they (play) computer games all night, they (be) tired.

d) I (not buy) the camera if it (be) very expensive.

4 Use the following pairs of phrases to form conditional sentences. The first one is done for you.

a) Tom studies hard. / Tom gets a better job.

If Tom studies hard, he will get a better job.

or

Tom will get a better job if he studies hard.

b) You have problems. / You don’t work hard.

c) I am a wonderful dancer. / I practice everyday.

d) He arrives late at the interview. / He doesn’t get the job.

e) She doesn’t take an umbrella. / She gets wet.

5 Match the columns to give some advice.

a) If you don’t write a good résumé,

b) If you read the classified ads,

c) If you want to get a good job,

d) If you can speak English fluently,

( ) you will find good job offers.

( ) you will get a better salary.

( ) you probably won’t find a job easily.

( ) you will have to work and study hard.

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Língua Inglesa

6 What makes a good doctor? And a successful teacher? Think of some occupations. Then, choose adjectives from the box to write sentences as in the example.

hardworking – outgoing – polite – organized – patient – generous

responsible – determined – open-minded – trustworthy – tolerant – creative

flexible – punctual – up-to-date – ambitious

You’ll be a good journalist if you are up-to-date and hardworking.

7 Complete the quotes below using the expressions from the box. Then, talk to your classmates about their meanings.

will never have to work – ‘ll be fired – will go – will come – change

put – will seem – aren’t – go

a) If you all your strength and faith and vigor into a job and try to do the best

you can, the money . (Lawrence Welk, musician and TV host)

b) If you choose a job you love, you a day in your life. (Confucius, philosopher)

c) If you yourself, your work different. (Norman Vincent Peale, writer)

d) If you fired with enthusiasm, you with enthusiasm. (Vince Lombardi, football coach)

e) If you to work on your goals, your goals to work on you. If you go to work on your plan, your plan will go to work on you. Whatever good things we build end up building us. (Jim Rohn, business philosopher)

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Do you know any of these professionals? Read about them, and write the correct occupation in the cards.

reading

writer – cook/chef – firefighter – secretary – waiter – police officer

I answer and make phone calls and do office work for my boss. I also assist with the correspondence, keep records, make appointments, and carry out similar tasks.

I plan and do the cooking in a restaurant or hotel.

I take people’s orders in a restaurant and serve them food and drinks.

I work in a police station and maintain public safety.

I work in an office or at home. I write books or articles to be published.

I rescue people from burning buildings and help put out fire.

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1 Discuss with a partner and answer:

a) What information is expected in a résumé?

b) What different kinds of résumé are there?

c) What kind of language is usually used?

2 Look at this résumé and write the headings in the appropriate places.

activities

interests personal details professional experience

objective additional skills education

Carmen Lopez Duran

I am willing to follow a career in Tourism or Hotel Management.

AddressAvenida de la Plata, 47. Grenada 18 752 Spain

Tel 123 456 789

E-mail carmello@etc.com

Date of birth Nov 25, 1995

Marital status Single

2015 – 2018 Arlington High School

2019 – present

Hotel Xyz

Receptionist

Responsible for answering enquiries, taking bookings.

Yoga, swimming, skiing, classical music, theater

1. Fluent English

2. Working knowledge of French

3. Computer literate (Word, Excel, PowerPoint)

March 27, 2020.

13

3 Write your own CV. You may use Carmen’s as an example.

Don’t forget!

A résumé is short, interesting, and easy to read.

Use formal language.

Be truthful.

Read and re-read your résumé for any mistakes, and then ask a friend or family member to read it as well.

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First job 1 Discuss with a partner:

a) Do you like watching videos online?

b) Do you subscribe to any video channels? What are they about?

c) Do you make videos or have your own video channel? What are they about?

d) Have you ever watched videos about jobs for teens, how to choose a career or how to make some money? If yes, what were they about?

e) Do you know any vloggers who talk about those topics?

let’s listen!

2 You’re about to listen to a teen describing her first job on her vlog. Before you listen, try to predict what she’s going to talk about. Brainstorm ideas considering the speaker, the topic and the possible public.

3 Listen to the introduction of her video and identify the topics she’s talking about. Share your ideas with a partner.

4 Now you have some ideas in mind, remember to take notes as you listen. Follow some tips:

– write key words, not complete sentences;

– use abbreviations and symbols (@ / + / $ / >);

– use lists or charts;

– focus on main ideas, reasons, or suggestions;

– use English as much as possible;

– review your notes right away, before listening again.

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Listen to the second part of the video and take notes about the two main topics. Write them down in the chart. Remember the tips and follow the example.

@ grocery store 1. Resume

5 Answer the questions below.

a) Is it possible for teenagers to work in your state or country?

b) How old does a teen need to be to start working?

c) Are there any programs to help teens to get a job? How do they work?

d) How different is a job for a teen from one for an adult?

6 Carry out research using the questions from exercise 6 and complement your answers. Then,

discuss with a partner.

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1 Complete the sentences with your own ideas.

a) We will study English if .

b) The teacher will be angry if .

c) If I feel sick, .

d) If the weather is good on the weekend, .

e) My parents will be glad if .

f) If I don’t go to bed early tonight, .

2 What are the opposites?

a) lenient:

b) hard-working:

c) patient:

d) trustworthy:

e) messy:

f) generous:

g) shy:

h) determined:

3 What’s missing in the sentences? Rewrite them.

a) If Tom gets hurt we have to take him to the hospital.

b) Sheila will win the race she doesn’t slow down.

c) If my parents don’t take me to the contest, I take the bus.

d) If the library doesn’t have the book, Cindy have to buy it.

e) My uncle will buy a farm he can get the money.

let’s see it again!

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talk!ch

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Your documents, please 4

Documents

Present perfect

Simple past vs. present perfect

Time expressions

What you are going to see Personal documents are required in many situations,

such as starting a new job or in a new school, receiving

government benefits and traveling. What documents do

you have? How do you use them? Can you describe the

scenes above and how different documents are being

used in them?

©Shutterstock/Photographee.eu

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Identifying documents and their importance.

Understanding and using the present perfect.

Distinguishing between the simple past and the present perfect.

Goals

let’s start!

Documents Name each document with words

from the box. Then, talk about them with

your classmates.

birth certificate vaccination card work card

ID card passport driver’s license

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a) Which of these documents do you have?

b) What are they used for?

c) What kind of information do they bear?

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©Instituto de Identificação do Paraná

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1 What comes to your mind when you hear the word passport? Write it down.

let’s listen!

PASSPORT

2 Listen to this conversation. What are they talking about?

3 Listen again and choose the correct answer.

a) The man filled out the application before talking to the clerk.

( ) True ( ) False

b) The man has all the documents he needs right from the start.

( ) True ( ) False

c) The identification document the man has is a military ID.

( ) True ( ) False

d) The man hasn’t brought a photo for the passport.

( ) True ( ) False

e) It will take exactly two weeks for the man to get his passport.

( ) True ( ) False

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Send | Attach | Discard | Save draft

From:

To:

Subject:

Arial 12 - twelve

Undisclosed recipients

Aparecida Santos

An e-mail 1 Discuss in pairs:

a) Do you know anyone who has immigrated to another country? Why have they done it?

b) Would you like to move abroad? Why?

c) What do you know about a Green Card?

2 Aparecida Santos is a Brazilian scientist who has moved to the United States. She wrote an e-mail to her friends telling them about an important fact in her American life. Read it and identify its subject.

( ) Let’s go to college in the United States!

( ) Living in the United States – permanently!

( ) How to get your Social Security number

reading

Hi, folks:

I haven’t written to you in a long time, but today I have wonderful, happy news to

share with you – I finally got my Green Card! It has been a dream come true.

It made me think of the long journey that I have traveled. I’d like to tell you step by

step how I arrived where I currently am. It won’t take too long,

I promise… LOL…

First of all, I had to send my birth certificate, my passport, and

some forms to the Immigration Office. After they confirmed

I was qualified to apply, Immigration sent me an employment

authorization card that has allowed me to work in the U.S.

During the whole process, I’ve learned that the most important

document you can have is your birth certificate. And if you

are an immigrant, you must have it translated by a certified

translator.

As soon as I received my employment authorization card, I

went to the Social Security Office to apply for a Social Security

number, which is required to collect social security and receive

share: to tell someone about (your feelings, opinions, thoughts, etc.)

currently: at the present time

apply: to ask formally for something (such as a job, admission to a school,

a loan, etc.) usually in writing

certified translator: a certified person who changes words into a

different language

Social Security number: a number given by the government to each person, that they need to get a job, pay tax, or claim benefits

required: necessary according to the rules

21

some other government benefits. It is also an identification card issued to U.S.

citizens and permanent residents. American citizens apply for the SSN at the

age of 12.

Meanwhile, I had to go to the Immigration Office for an interview to get the

Green Card. A week later, it was sent through the post office to my home

address. That was an amazing moment that meant freedom and hope. I think

that the term “green” can be related to that – freedom and hope.

All of this was only possible because I got a great job offer from an American

university. I’m so happy to be able to work side by side with the top

researchers in my area! Did you know that the two most popular ways for

getting a Green Card are either through employment or family ties?

Wow, I wrote a lot! I lied to you, folks, when I said it wouldn’t take too long…

LOL… But it’s so important for me to share what this great event means to me.

I miss you all.

xoxoxo

Cida

meanwhile: at or during the same time

through: by, using

xoxoxo: hugs and kisses (informal)

3 In the first paragraph, Cida uses the expression a dream come true. What does that mean?

a) ( ) A situation that does not seem real or part of normal life.

b) ( ) Something that you wanted to happen for a long time.

c) ( ) Something that is not likely to happen.

4 What are these documents important for? Match the columns.

a) Birth certificate

b) Social Security number

c) Employment authorization card

d) Green Card

e) Driver’s license

( ) It’s the most important document one can have.

( ) It’s the permission to work in the U.S.

( ) It’s required to get a job, collect social

security, receive some government services, get a diploma in the U.S.

( ) It’s the permission to drive.

( ) It’s a permanent visa for immigrants.

5 As Cida comments on her e-mail, people can get a Green Card and become permanent US

residents in several ways. Carry out research about this process, take notes and share with your classmates. You can also research how foreigners can become permanent residents in Brazil.

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Língua Inglesa

language in use

Present perfect 1 Pay attention to these sentences from the e-mail. Both of them are in the present perfect. Can

you complete the sentences about the use of this verb tense?

I haven’t written to you in a long time.

It has been a dream come true.

Uses:

For actions that started/finished in the past, but are still ongoing.

She’s studied English for ten years.

For actions that happened in the past (at an unspecified time) but have an effect in the

present/future.

The immigration officers have already analyzed your request.

I’ve just received a call from the university.

Form:

Affirmative Negative Interrogative

Subject + have or has + verb in the past participle

I have already graduated from High School.

Subject + haven’t or hasn’t + verb in the past participle

Mary hasn’t applied for a passport yet.

Have or has + subject + verb in the past participle

Have you ever been abroad?

(anytime in your life)

For a list of the past participle of irregular verbs,

see page 36.

2 Look at some other examples taken from the e-mail you’ve read and analyze them.

As soon as I received my employment authorization

card, I went to the Social Security Office.

I finally got my Green Card!

In these sentences, the actions were completed (concluded) at a specific

time in the past.

In these sentences, what happened is connected with

the present.

I’ve learned that the most important

document you can have is your birth certificate.

I haven’t written to you in a long time.

23

All these sentences are in the past. So why do we use different verb tenses?

a) We use the simple past to describe a completed event in the past.

Paula got her ID card when she was still a child.

b) We use the present perfect to describe an action that occurred at an unspecified time in the past and that has an effect in the present.

Paula has already gotten her ID card.

Time expressions

just – a short time ago

yet – until now

already – sooner than expected

ever – at any time

since + the start of a period

for + a period of time

Contracted forms

have: ’ve

has: ’s

has not: hasn’t

have not: haven’t

1 Match the uses of the present perfect to the examples.

a) Actions which started in the past and are still ongoing.

b) Actions recently concluded in the past, but that have an effect in the present.

I. ( ) I haven’t renewed my passport for more than ten years. (My passport is expired and I didn’t get a new one.)

II. ( ) She’s found a lost wallet. (She has the wallet with her now.)

III. ( ) They’ve reported thousands of lost documents since last year. (They reported last year and are still reporting.)

IV. ( ) Hasn’t Tomas gotten his driver’s license yet? (He still can’t drive.)

2 Put these verbs in the correct place.

done seen gone been driven given had

made found drunk eaten known

Base form Past Past participle Base form Past Past participle

be

drink

drive

do

eat

find

was, were

drank

drove

did

ate

found

give

go

have

know

make

see

gave

went

had

knew

made

saw

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3 Complete the sentences using the present perfect. Then, write:

I. for actions that started in the past but are still ongoing.

II. for actions that happened in the past, but that have an effect in the present.

a) ( ) Ann (bring – not) her photo yet, so her document can’t be issued.

b) ( ) Jim (go) to Italy twice according to his passport.

c) ( ) John (renew) his driver’s license recently.

d) ( ) According to their working cards, Peter and Paul (work – not) since November.

e) ( ) Sorry, I didn’t remember to call you because I (be) worried about my visa application.

f) ( ) My parents (find) my ID, but I (get – not) it yet.

g) ( ) you ever (think) of getting a visa for the USA?

h) ( ) She already (try) to get a visa.

4 Write since or for.

a) Monday

b) a long time

c) two weeks

d) four years

e) I left school

f) 1997

g) May

h) a day

i) ages

j) I was a child

Pronunciation tip

When we speak, it often sounds more natural to use contractions, like joining we and

have to form we’ve (/wiv/) than to pronounce these words separately. For example, in

the sentence “We’ve seen her” there are four words, but only three syllables, because the

pronoun and the contracted verb are pronounced as one syllable.

Now practice saying these sentences:

I’ve never been abroad.

She’s lived in Italy for many years.

They’ve worked together.

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1. HAVE YOU EVER LIED

ABOUT YOUR AGE?

2. WHO HAVE YOU

PHONED TODAY? 3. M

ISS

A T

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N!

4. HOW MANY TIMES HAVE

YOU BEEN IN A HOSPITAL IN

THE PAST SIX MONTHS?

5. WHAT CITIES

HAVE YOU VISITED?

6. GO BACK 2

SPACES.

7. W

HA

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YO

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AT

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TO

DA

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8. WHAT HAVE YOU

DRUNK TODAY?

9. HAVE YOU EVER

BROKEN

A WINDOW?

10. MOVE FORWARD

2 SPACES.

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?12. HAVE YOU

EVER SEEN A CAR

ACCIDENT?

13. HAVE YOU EVER

RECEIVED A PRESENT

YOU DIDN’T LIKE?

14. WHAT BOOKS

HAVE YOU READ

RECENTLY?

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16. HAVE YOU EVER

EATEN IN A RESTAURANT

AND REALIZED YOU

FORGOT YOUR WALLET?

17. WHO HAS

BEEN YOUR

BEST FRIEND?

18. GO BACK

3 SPACES.

5 In groups of three, play this board game.

Ingrid Skare. 2014. Digital.

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6 Peter has just finished taking the last pictures for his school project “Documents in our lives”. He is viewing the pictures, one by one. To find out what each photo shows, complete his thoughts using the verbs in the present perfect. Then, match his thoughts to the pictures.

a) ... Paul and Carla just (get) married. They are signing their marriage certificate.

b) ... Mirian (bring) her twins, Tom and John, to get their birth certificates.

c) ... Rafael (get) his passport. He is going to travel soon.

d) ... Bruna and her daughter (not – apply for) the girl’s

identity card yet.

e) ... Daniel just (receive) his driver’s license at home.

7 Unscramble the sentences.

a) you – restaurant – Chinese – ever – been – have – to – a – ?

b) gone – has – America – she – to – why – ?

c) I – week – this – studied – much – haven’t – .

d) year – new – bought – we – a – car – last – .

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8 Some time expressions are used with the simple past to indicate when the action was concluded and others are used with the present perfect to indicate the connection between the present and the past. Put the following expressions under the correct heading.

ever yesterday already yet just

today lately recently at 6 o’clock

for many years/5 minutes last month/Tuesday since 2001/December

two days/hours ago this morning/week in 2001/spring

on Monday/May 27th when I was born/Brazil won the World Cup

Simple past Present perfect

Compare these sentences and complete the rule with for or since.

Rachel is in Canada. She has been there for three days.

Rachel is in Canada. She has been there since Monday.

is used to indicate the duration of an action.

is used to indicate when an action started.

9 Answer the questions about yourself.

a) How long have you studied in this school?

b) How long have you known your best friend?

c) How long have you lived in this city?

d) How long have you had English classes?

28

Língua Inglesa

10 Work in pairs and answer the quiz.

Ing

rid

Sk

are

. 20

14

. Dig

ita

l.

Have you ever babysat?

Have you ever dreamed

about your wedding?

Have you ever googled

yourself?

Have you ever gotten a

10 in a subject?

Have you ever performed

in a talent show?

Have you ever cried

in public?

Have you ever been

compared to a celebrity?

Have you ever seen a

therapist?

Have you ever purposely

ignored a text message?

Has anyone in your family ever

told you to change because

they didn’t like what you were

wearing?

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An opinion article 1 Answer the questions and discuss them with a partner:

a) What kind of goverment is there in the USA?

b) Do you recognize these American presidents? Name them.

reading

©S

hu

tte

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ck/J

ose

ph

Au

gu

st

©S

hu

tte

rsto

ck/E

va

nE

l-A

min

©S

hu

tte

rsto

ck/E

va

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l-A

min

c) Who’s the current president of the USA?

2 When reading Cida’s e-mail, we discussed about immigration. But what exactly does immigrate mean? Choose the correct definition.

a) ( ) Come to a foreign country to live there.

b) ( ) Go to a place, especially one that is far away.

c) ( ) Travel long-term, for leisure.

3 List some ideas and discuss them with the whole class:

a) Do you remember what Donald Trump promised to do in order to protect America from immigrants?

b) What about his immigration policy? Do you remember any news about it?

30

Língua Inglesa

4 Take a look at the following text and answer the questions:

a) What kind of text is this?

b) Where is it available? In what section can you find it?

c) What is its topic?

d) When was it written?

e) Who was the American president back then?

BARAJAS, Joshua. How Trump has already changed immigration policy. In: PBS News Hours. Available at: <https://www.

pbs.org/newshour/politics/how-trump-has-already-changed-immigration-policy>. Accessed on: 7 May 2019.

How Trump has already changed immigration policyWhen he announced his presidential bid, Donald Trump promised to “build a great wall,” paid

for by Mexico.

Politics Feb 6, 2019 12:37 AM EDT

[...]

But focus on a border wall has obscured the Trump administration’s other efforts to reshape U.S.

immigration policy in lasting ways. These include the high-profile separation of families at the border,

a travel ban for those from several Muslim-majority countries, and attempts to end the Obama-era

DACA program that offered deportation protections for so-called “Dreamers” brought illegally to the

U.S. as children, as well as other policy shifts that don’t get nearly as much attention.

The changes may be incremental, but they’ve still advanced the administration’s hard-line

immigration policies, and shifted how the U.S. responds both to immigrants arriving at the border

and those living in the country.

[...]

“From the campaign trail, this administration has viewed immigration as a threat to economic

security and the security of the country in general,” Pierce [Sarah Pierce, a policy analyst at the

Migration Policy Institute] added.

Americans list immigration among their top concerns for the year ahead.

[...]

presidential bid: presidential candidacy

reshape: give a new shape or form

lasting ways: durable manners

ban: prohibition

attempts: tries to do something

shifts: changes

campaign trail: presidential campaign

threat: menace, danger

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5 Read the article and complete the sentences with the missing words.

a) Trump’s election campaign included the promise to .

b) Trump’s administration banned many countries from traveling to the USA.

c) The country that was supposed to pay for the wall was .

d) Trump’s administration saw as a threat to security.

e) The DACA program, which focused on immigrant children, was developed during the

.

6 Pay attention to how the text was written. What kind of article is it? How do you know it?

a) ( ) An opinion article.

b) ( ) A review article.

c) ( ) A report article.

7 Let’s analyze how the writer organized and presented the text.

a) Which are the key points presented by the writer? Underline and write them down here.

b) Identify the facts, examples or quotations connected to the key points. Use arrows ( ) to indicate how they’re linked to support a key point.

c) Besides presenting facts, the writer also presents his opinion about them. Identify it and circle

the words or expressions that show the writer’s opinion. What’s his opinion about Trump’s immigration policy?

d) Check some words or expressions that may be used to indicate opinion. Which one is used by the writer?

( ) I believe/I think...

( ) Adjectives (good, bad, etc.).

( ) In my opinion,...

( ) Adverbs of degree (really, quite, very, etc.).

32

Língua Inglesa

activities

1 Carry out research about the immigration policies of the Brazilian federal government. Some topics you can consider are:

Immigration process (documents, interview, etc.).

Time, cost and requirements for a permanent visa.

Number of people applying and getting a permanent visa.

Experts' thoughts about the policy.

Examples of immigrants.

2 After reading about it, organize the information you believe is more important into:

Key points (choose two or three).

Facts (they have to support the key points).

Examples (numbers, experts' quotations, studies or researches).

Opinion (your conclusion after researching about the topics).

3 Write an article:

Present the topic (introduction).

Introduce the key points and the facts that support them (each key point may result in a paragraph).

Include your opinion (use adjectives or adverbs as you describe each key point or conclude your

article with it).

4 After finishing your article:

Exchange texts with a partner.

Check if the key points include facts to support them.

Identify your partner’s opinion.

Give him/her some tips to improve the article, if necessary.

Compare and discuss your opinions (different or the same?).

5 Handle in your a final version of your article to your teacher and share your ideas with your

classmates. Remember to support your ideas with facts and respect different opinions.

33

1 Look at the pictures and complete the sentences. The first one is done for you.

a)

b)

c)

d)

e)

let’s see it again

finish homework win the game start dating

sleep well eat fruits

Ilu

stra

çõe

s: I

ng

rid

Sk

are

. 20

14

. Dig

ita

l.

a) She can watch TV because she has finished her homework.

b) The baby girl is happy because .

c) The players are celebrating because .

d) The dog isn’t hungry because .

e) The couple is happy because .

2 Choose the best option to complete each sentence.

a) George to the UK twice.

( ) traveled ( ) has traveled

b) He in New York for a year when he was a child.

( ) lived ( ) has lived

c) We Oliver yesterday.

( ) have seen ( ) saw

d) Oh no! I my wallet!

( ) have lost ( ) have

34

Língua Inglesa

3 Has or is? These verbs can have the same contracted form, and you must understand the sentence to differentiate them. Read the sentences below and write has or is.

a) He’s studied all he could. ( )

b) She’s our favorite teacher. ( )

c) I don’t think he’s going to like the news. ( )

d) He’s seen all these movies before. ( )

e) “Have you seen Mike?” “Yes, he’s playing outside.” ( )

f) Don’t tell me he’s left you here waiting! ( )

g) She’s been sitting here for hours! ( )

4 Have you ever? Complete the questions and answer them. Then, use them to interview your classmates.

a) Have you ever ? (be in love)

b) Have you ever ? (be on TV)

c) Have you ever ? (swim in the ocean)

d) Have you ever ? (see a robbery)

e) Have you ever ? (travel abroad)

5 Since or for? Fill in the blanks.

a) I haven’t eaten anything last night.

b) They have been jogging three hours.

c) She’s been crying the day he left her.

d) John has worked hard his childhood in Liverpool.

e) Paul hasn’t seen him a long time.

f) Ferraris have been a dream of mine three years ago.

g) They haven’t slept well the baby was born.

h) These people have been waiting a while.

i) We have been studying English four years.

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Irregular verbs Infinitive

Simple past

Past participle

Portuguese

be was/were been ser; estar

become became become tornar-se

begin began begun começar

bite bit bitten morder

blow blew blown soprar

break broke broken quebrar

bring brought brought trazer

broadcast broadcast broadcast transmitir

build built built construir

buy bought bought comprar

catch caught caught pegar; capturar

choose chose chosen escolher

come came come vir

cost cost cost custar

cut cut cut cortar

deal dealt dealt negociar; tratar

do did done fazer

draw drew drawn desenhar; puxar

dreamdreamed/ dreamt

dreamed/ dreamt

sonhar

drink drank drunk beber

drive drove driven dirigir

eat ate eaten comer

fall fell fallen cair

feel felt felt sentir

fight fought fought lutar

find found found achar; encontrar

fly flew flown voar; pilotar

forget forgot forgotten esquecer

forgive forgave forgiven perdoar

freeze froze frozen congelar; paralisar

get got gotten/got conseguir; obter

give gave given dar

go went gone ir

grow grew grown crescer; cultivar

hang hung hung pendurar

have had had ter; comer; beber

hear heard heard ouvir

hide hid hidden esconder

hit hit hit bater

hold held held segurar

hurt hurt hurt machucar

keep kept kept guardar

know knew known conhecer

lay laid laid pôr; deitar

learnlearned/learnt

learned/learnt aprender

leave left left deixar; partir

lend lent lent emprestar (a alguém)

InfinitiveSimple

pastPast

participlePortuguese

let let let deixar; alugar

lie lay lain estar deitado; jazer

light lit lit iluminar; acender

lose lost lost perder

make made made fazer; fabricar

mean meant meantsignificar; querer dizer

meet met met encontrar; conhecer

pay paid paid pagar

put put put pôr

quit quit quit abandonar

read read read ler

ride rode ridden andar; viajar; cavalgar

ring rang rungtocar (campainha, por exemplo)

rise rose risen subir; erguer-se

run ran runcorrer; concorrer; funcionar

say said said dizer

see saw seen ver

seek sought sought procurar; buscar

sell sold sold vender

send sent sent enviar; mandar

set set set colocar; fixar; ajustar

shake shook shaken tremer; sacudir

shoot shot shot atirar; disparar

shut shut shut fechar

sing sang sung cantar

sit sat sat sentar

sleep slept slept dormir

slide slid slid escorregar; deslizar

speak spoke spoken falar

spend spent spent gastar

spread spread spread espalhar; propagar

stand stood stood ficar em pé; aguentar

steal stole stolen roubar

swear swore sworn jurar; prometer

swim swam swum nadar

take took taken tomar

teach taught taught ensinar; dar aula

tell told told contar; dizer

think thought thought pensar

throw threw thrown arremessar; atirar

understand understood understood entender

wake woke woken acordar

wear wore worn vestir; usar; gastar

win won won ganhar; vencer

wind wound woundgirar; enrolar; dar corda

write wrote written escrever

36