1 June 2015: The Civil War Do now: Open your blue book to page 450 and answer

questions 1-2 using the organizer provided. (I will only need a verbal response).

Today, I will be able to identify and explain the strengths and weaknesses of the Union and Confederacy entering the Civil War. Also, I will be able to explain the importance of the Battle of Antietam.

Make sure you are caught up to date. Friday we took potentially our last quiz and there was a brief assignment (create an organizer explaining the strengths and weaknesses of the North and South entering the war).

Strengths and Weaknesses Union (aka “the North”)

strengths: Larger population (more

potential soldiers) 4xs as many free citizens

More industry, 90% of industry

More than 3/5th of the country’s infrastructure

Union weaknesses Forced to conquer a large

area Relatively unfamiliar with

Southern terrain Poor leadership (Army of the Potomac)

Confederacy (aka “the South”) strengths Fighting defensively Fighting for a cause

(protect their home) Better generals Potential soldiers had a

better skill set

Confederacy weaknesses Difficult to get things done

b/c of strong state’s rights feeling.

White population of only 6 million.

(Army of Northern Virginia)

Battle of Antietam

Fought 17 September 1862, near Sharpsburg MD.

First major battle to take place on Union soil, remember MD didn’t leave the Union.

Union Gen. McClellan 75,500 Confederate Gen. Lee 38,000 Almost 23,000 causalities Considered as a Union victory Allows Lincoln to issue the Emancipation

Proclamation which will go into effect 1 Jan. 1863.

The Battle of Antietam and The Emancipation Proclamation

Battle of Antietam

Antietam

Emancipation Proclamation

2 June 20152 June 20152 June 2015

Grades are updated.

Today, you will read about the battles of Gettysburg and Vicksburg.

Why were the battles of Gettysburg and Vicksburg considered to be the “turning point” in the war for the Union?

How were the battles of Gettysburg and Vicksburg fought differently?

What was the entire human toll (total number of causalities) from both battles? You may read and answer the questions with up to 3

other ppl, I will collect your responses (20 minutes)

Battle of Gettysburg

Takes place: 1-3 July 1863 Union Victory Often considered the turning point in the war

(especially when coupled with Vicksburg) Union commanders: Reynolds and Meade Confederate commander: Lee 160,000 + soldiers involved from both sides 46,000 causalities Confederates are now fighting strictly a

defensive war.

The Battle of Gettysburg

Ken Burns Battle of Gettysburg

How the North Won

"The Key to Winning the War“

Two Turning Points

Vicksburg Siege May 1863 to 4 July 1863 Confederates surrender 30,000 soldiers and

their supplies Union will control the entire Mississippi River

and will cut the Confederacy in half. 35,800 total casualties.

Gettysburg Address

Delivered by Abraham Lincoln 19 November 1863.

Purpose to memorialize those that fell during the victory at Gettysburg.

Becomes one of the most important speeches in our country’s history.

Gettysburg Address

3 June 2015

Gettysburg and Vicksburg mark the decline of the Confederate military operation.

2 March 1864, U.S. Grant is appointed to be “General-in-Chief”, a rank only previously awarded twice: Washington and Scott

African Americans will now be trained and allowed to serve in the Union army.

Lincoln and Grant meet in Washington D.C. to discuss a plan to break the back of the Confederacy “total war.”

Total War

Was the plan to destroy the Confederacy’s ability and will to continue the war.

Civilian institutions will now be targeted, crops will be razed, towns will be burned, animals will be destroyed, infrastructure (railroads) will be destroyed, etc.

Maj. Gen. Sherman will be selected to lead this campaign. “Sherman’s March to the Sea”

54 Massachusetts regiment infantry

The first African American regiment; recruited by Fredrick Douglass.

The regiment was led by Robert Gould Shaw, son of a wealthy prominent abolitionist family.

Robert Carey will become the first African American to receive the Congressional Medal of Honor.

Keep in mind African Americans are not considered to be citizens at this point.

The service of the 54th will begin to change the minds and hearts of Northerners that didn’t view them worthy of military service or citizenship.

The climax of the movie “Glory” takes place 18 July 1863, when the 54th attempts to take Fort Wagner S.C. The movie wins 3 Academy Awards

Sherman’s March

The March

4 June 2015

Lincoln’s concept of “total war”, carried out by Maj. General Sherman begins to take it’s toll on the South.

9 April 1865: Battle of Appomattox Court House: 100,000 Union soldiers: 28,000 Confederate soldiers.

9 April 1865: Robert E. Lee surrenders his forces to Gen.-in-chief U.S. Grant

12 April 1865: The Army of Northern Virginia is disbanded.

14 April 1865

Abraham Lincoln (assassinated at Ford’s theatre): “Sic semper tyrannis”

Andrew Johnson (VP); and William Seward were also attacked.

John Wilkes Booth (killed during capture) and 8 co-conspirators will be executed.

Civil War Era Amendments to the U.S. Constitution

13th 1865: Abolition of slavery 14th 1867: Citizenship for African

Americans (equal protection under the law)

15th 1870: African American men can vote