SEDIMENTARY ROCK

SEDIMENT

Deposits of material left by wind, water, or moving ice.

SEDIMENTARY ROCK

Rock created when different grain size particles of Earth become compacted, cemented or re crystallized (lithification).

GRAIN SIZE FROM LARGEST TO SMALLEST Boulders Pebbles Gravel Sand Silt Clay

TYPES OF SEDIMENTARY ROCK

I Clastic – coarse grained to fine grained

Conglomerate Breccia Sandstone Siltstone Shale

SEDIMENTARY - CONGLOMERATE

Large grained Rounded pebbles or gravel compacted

and cemented together.

SEDIMENTARY - BRECCIAS

Large grained jagged edged pebbles or gravel

compacted and cemented together.

SEDIMENTARY - SANDSTONE

Small grained “gritty” texture

SEDIMENTARY - SILTSTONE

Fine grained – smooth texture

SEDIMENTARY - SHALE

Very fine almost no grain. Very smooth texture.

II Organic – made from once living organisms.

CoalLimestone

TYPES OF SEDIMENTARY ROCK

SEDIMENTARY - ORGANIC

Coal – made from the remains of decayed plant and animal material.

Peat- plant matter Lignite- brown coal/still some moisture

present Bituminous- soft black coal/almost all

moisture removed Anthracite – hardened black coal/

almost pure carbon/ no moisture

COAL FORMATIONpeat

anthracite

bituminous

lignite

SEDIMENTARY ORGANIC

Limestone – begins as shells or calcium bearing animals or plants.

These die and float to the bottom of the ocean or lake they inhabit.

Eventually enough accumulates to create enough pressure to create limestone.

SEDIMENTARY ROCK

III Chemical sedimentary rock Evaporates