Chapter 16

Demands

North- manpower, industrial, merchant marine South- Defend, friendly population, knew land

Concept of Total War

Lincoln

Low experience-great politician, good judge of people

Follow Anaconda plan Blockades and cut off like an anaconda

Suspended writ of habeas corpus Suppress influence of confederacy

Davis Educated-stubborn, total control

leadership

Lincoln first year-states problem

Crittenden Resolution- war fought to “defend and maintain constitution (Jacksonian) and preserve union”

Revoked 5months later Confiscation act- slave confederates be free in

union hands 2nd confiscation act- slaves of anyone would be

freed if in Federal custody Lincoln still pushed for gradual emancipation

Emancipation Proclamation

Why emancipate?

Confident boarder states would stay Weaken confederate military Make it an issue of freedom

Proclamation All slaves freed unless seceded states return by

Jan. 1 1863 Put in place excluded union slave states, those

under union control, TN Felt no right to apply to these not in rebellion

Europe backs Union Redefined the war not to save the union but to

create a new nation Slavery disintegrated- challenge white

authority Life was difficult for freedmen

Refugee Contraband caps Military employment Plantation life returns for many

Reaction to Emancipation Proclamation

New economy

Prices increase Cotton decreases, grain and livestock

increase Biggest problem is food

My mind on my money and my money on my mind

Taxation and impressment Inflation

Conscription Law Davis

Suspends writ of habeas corpus Martial Law

Confederate Home Front

Economy

Income taxes, tariffs, excise fees, bonds Economy boomed but wages decreased Corruption and fraud- take advantage of govt.

contracts Opportunities open for women Lincoln

Suspension of writ of habeas corpus Expanded power Ex parte Milligan Drafting- issue of substitutes and commutation fee

Union Home Front

Morals decline- prostitution, drinking,

gambling Rich man’s war poor man’s fight

Both

Volunteers- rid slavery, fight, defend North or

South Camp life

Strict- routine Disease, lack of medical care Decline in morals/push for religious peace

Change in battle- technology (musket to rifle) Effect of total war on human mind

Soldier life

1863- confederate lose at Gettysburg and Vicksburg Grant success at Anaconda Plan through Sherman Sherman’s capture of Atlanta help Lincoln's re-election Lincoln's Election 1864

Clear fight would continue until reunion and abolition of slavery

13th amendment Davis tries to abolish slavery for recognition from G.B. South civilian moral dives Surrender at Appomattox April 4th 1865

Defeat of Confederacy

Death toll Southern wealth lost Stimulated industrialism-creates national industries Politically- increased federal government power

Dems loose influence Jacksonian view of INDIVISIBLE Nation

Spiritual cost Sectional bitterness Tolerance of corruption Decrease in morals- focus on science, order,

materialism

Impact of war