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Transcript of © Copyright 2010 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. The Complete Spa Book for...
© Copyright 2010 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning.All Rights Reserved.
The Complete Spa Bookfor Massage Therapists
BATH AND SHOWER TECHNIQUES
HEAT & COLD APPLICATIONS
EXFOLIATION
THALASSOTHERAPY
LESSON S-2.0
© Copyright 2010 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
SPA THOUGHT
“Nature’s blood is water.”
Professor Jonathan Paul De Vierville, Ph.D.
© Copyright 2010 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
DO SPA TREATMENTSREALLY WORK?
• The short answer to this question is “yes!”• The effectiveness of many spa therapies is the
direct result of basic hydrotherapy.
© Copyright 2010 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
HYDROTHERAPY
the application of water in its liquid, solid, or
vapor forms, either externally or internally, to
induce health benefits in the recipient
© Copyright 2010 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
HYDROTHERAPY EFFECTS
• The primary physiological effects of hydrotherapy fall into three categories:– thermal– mechanical– chemical
© Copyright 2010 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
THERMAL EFFECTS
• By far the most important effect
• Caused by application of water at temperatures above or below body temp
• Causes changes in circulation, digestion, perspiration, and other functions
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MECHANICAL EFFECTS
• Caused by the impact of water on the body– hydrotherapy tubs– Jacuzzis– showers
• Mild (shower) or intense (hydro tub)
• Impact stimulates local circulation, decreasing muscle aches and pains
© Copyright 2010 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
CHEMICAL EFFECTS
• Ingesting spa waters– European spa clients often drink mineral-laden
spa waters. • Using water for colonic irrigation
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BATH TECHNIQUES
• Bathing has been, during many times in many cultures, the essence of the spa experience.
• In much of the world, “taking the waters” is used interchangeably with “going to a spa.”
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BALNEOTHERAPY
• Means “therapeutic bathing,” from the Latin balneum (bath), and includes:– all types of water
• thermal spring, mineral, silt-filled
– additives used in the waters• herbs, powders, oils, & gases
– the thermal, mechanical, & chemical effects of the waters, plus the additives
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THERAPEUTIC BATHS
1. Herbal Bath
2. Essential Oil Bath
3. Seaweed Bath
4. Fango Bath/Mud Bath
5. Mineral Bath
6. Enzyme Bath
7. Whirlpool Bath
8. Hydrotherapy Tub Bath
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THERAPEUTIC BATHS (CONT.)
9. Underwater Massage
10. Cold Bath/Cold Plunge
11. Carbon Dioxide Bath
12. Hot Bath
13. Contrast Bath
14. Localized Bath
15. Foot Bath
16. Sitz Bath
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HYDROTHERAPY TUB
• Used by top spas
• Powerful underwater massage hose
• Jets separated into zones for customized treatments
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HYDROTHERAPY TUB BATH
• Thermal and mechanical effects of water create primary benefits
• Therapeutic ingredients also have effects– essential oils– seaweed extracts– clay powders– herbs
© Copyright 2010 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
• Found extensively in spas
• A quick way to close pores and refresh the body
• Improves immune functioning
COLD PLUNGE
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• Roman thermae featured cold plunges.– room called the frigidarium for cooling– as important as warming the body– Sebastian Kneipp recommended cold baths
• Most clients skip the cold plunge.– miss out on the benefits of contrast therapy
– therapists can educate clients about benefits
COLD PLUNGE
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• Spa shower techniques: any directed spray of water for therapeutic purposes from one or more outlets, aimed at clients who are either standing or lying down
• Percussive treatments that meld both mechanical and thermal therapeutic effects
SHOWER TECHNIQUES
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• Vichy shower
• Swiss shower
• Scotch hose
TYPES OF SPA SHOWERS
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MAIN EFFECTS OF HEAT/COLD
• Local• Systemic• Reflex
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LOCAL EFFECTS OF HEAT
• Affects skin & tissues 3–4 cm deep
• Increases circulation & metabolic processes
• Draws white blood cells for healing & detox
• Creates vasodilation
• Helps diminish pain & muscle spasms
• Applied w/ fomentations, hydrocollator, etc.
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SYSTEMIC EFFECTS OF HEAT
• Vasodilation of superficial blood vessels• Increased heart rate• Quick spike then drop in blood pressure• Increased sweating (diaphoresis)• Muscles & soft tissues more supple• Increased diuresis (elimination by kidneys)
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REFLEX EFFECTS OF HEAT
• Application of heat to one area causes increased circulation & heat in another
• Spa treatments that heat the skin also affect internal organs
© Copyright 2010 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
LOCAL EFFECTS OF COLD
• Vasoconstrictor, analgesic, tonic• Blood flow restricted• Skin blanches• Local circulation slowed• Local tissue temp lowered• 10–20 minutes lowers metabolic process• Brief = stimulating; prolonged = sedative
© Copyright 2010 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
SYSTEMIC & REFLEX EFFECTS OF COLD
• Lessens sensibility to pain – analgesic• Local muscle tone increased – tonic• Few spa treatments involve systemic cold
– contrast therapies, cold plunge• Long exposure to cold – hunting response
– body attempts to re-warm by dilating & contracting blood vessels
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MAJOR CONTRAINDICATIONSFOR HEAT THERAPIES
• High or low blood pressure
• Cardiovascular conditions
• Diabetes
• Fever
• Pregnancy
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SPECIAL PREGNANCY ISSUE
• No deep strokes or heat application to legs!
• In second trimester, more clotting factor
• Higher fibrinogenic activity
• Risk of deep vein thrombosis 5x higher
• Risk of dislodging a blood clot
• Avoid 3 months postpartum
© Copyright 2010 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
• Most popular is cold plunge• Other therapies include:
– wet sheet wraps– sunburn-relief cooling treatments– cold mitten friction
• Localized applications:– ice pack– cold compress
SPA COLD TREATMENTS
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• Main effects are created through the removal of heat from the body
• Recommended for:– reducing fever & inflammation– soothing minor sunburn– cooling down during & after heat
applications• Also exert effects through retrostasis
– heat removed from one area & sent to another
SPA COLD TREATMENTS (CONT.)