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CITY AS OUR FUTURE @ KAZAN URBAN FORUM 2014 NORLIZA HASHIM MANAGING DIRECTOR AJM Planning and Urban Design Group Sdn Bhd and

SECRETARY GENERAL Eastern Organisation for Planning and Human Settlements

A World of Cities n  Today – it’s a world of Cities

Kuala Lumpur Singapore

Jakarta

London

Sydney Melbourne

Dubai

Johannesburg

Perth

Bogota

Cape Town

Vancouver Toronto

Florida

Nairobi

Copenhagen

Brisbane

Hong Kong

1804 1927 1960 1975 1993 1999 2006 2009 2012 2050

1 billion 2 billion 3 billion 4 billion 5.3 billion 6 billion 6.5 billion 6.8 billion 7 billion 9.2 billion

More People Now Lives in Cities 51% (3.5B) of the world’s population now lives in cities

42% of cities has more than 1 million population 28 megacities (above 10M population) – 13% of population

7 out of 10 World’s Largest Urban Areas are in Asia (2013)

Cities Now Compete For Same Economic Space

Cities are the actors of Global Economy They configure the more advanced of economic clusters

The world's top 100 cities generate approximately half of the world's total economic output.

80% of US economic outputs comes from cities and metros 78% of China’s GDP comes from cities and metros (recently urbanised)

1 2 3

Cities Competitiveness Globally, economic activity is highly concentrated in key cities in each country

Cities Design & Management Essential for Quality of Life, Social Cohesion, Magnetism

and Attraction of Talent

Cities Produce 80% of World CO2 Emission Design of Cities is Key to Sustainability of Our Planet and to Promote

Greener Environment & Economy

Working Partners

•  People now choose the city where they want to live; before they chose the job they wanted

•  Efficient and liveable cities are the keys to successful national development

A Changing World

Source: Economic Intelligence Unit, Price Waterhouse Coopers

Trend line of countries’ expected spending according to wealth

Liveability & Wealth There is a strong linkage between the wealth of cities and the

quality of life within cities

About Malaysia POPULATION MALAYSIA •  29 million (2011), (21M- Peninsular Malaysia) TOTAL LAND AREA •  330,803 km² (200,565 sq.km – East Malaysia) EMPLOYMENT/GDP GROWTH •  12.3 million (2011)/ 5.2% (2012- 2787.7B USD) URBAN POPULATION 2011 •  63.8% of the population lives in Urban areas

Malaysia and South East Asia Population Density (person per sq km – 86person/sqkm)

Kuala Lumpur Johor Bharu Georgetown, Penang Malacca Ipoh

Cities Competitiveness Needs Strong and Holistic Urban Policies

Malaysia’s Response to Urban Challenge Holistic Planning and Development System

VISION 2020

TIER 1 : NATIONAL PLANNING

NATIONAL PHYSICAL

PLAN

SECTORAL POLICIES/

PLANS

5 - YEAR MALAYSIA

PLAN

TIER 2 : REGIONAL / STATE PLANNING

STATE DEVELOPMENT

PLAN

SECTORAL POLICIES/

PLANS

TIER 3 : LOCAL PLANNING

LOCAL PLAN

SPECIAL AREA PLAN

REGIONAL / STRUCTURE

PLAN

1 VISION Several Tiers of Transformation Programmes

•  Ini$ated  under  Economic  Transforma$on  Program    2010  

•  Focused  on  Klang  Valley  •  3,428    km2  or  342,726    

hectares  •  6.4  M  popula$on  (2010)  •  10.0  M  popula$on  (2020)  •  10  LPA’s  and  2  States  

GREATER  KL/KLANG  VALLEY  

•  Ini$ated  in  9th  MP  (2005-­‐2010)  

•  Focused  on  Five  Flagships  •  2,217  km2  or  222,577  

hectares  •  1.6  M  popula$on  (2010)  •  3.0  M  popula$on  (2025)  •  5  LPA’s  and  3  Districts  

ISKANDAR  MALAYSIA  

Na2onal  Physical  Plan     Government’s  ini2a2ves  

Georgetown Conurbation

Johor Bahru Conurbation

Kuala Lumpur

Conurbation

Georgetown Conurbation

GT  Conurba$on  

Highway  

Federal  Road  

Major  Road  

Railway  

Kangar  

Alor  Setar  

George  Town  

GEORGETOWN  CONNURBATION  

•  Iden$fied  in  NPP2  •  Focused  on  Penang,  South  

Kedah  &  North  Perak  •  4,444    km2  or  444,000    hec  •  2.7  M  popula$on  (2010)  •  9  LPA’s  and  3  States  

Acknowledge Role of Cities as Economic Regions

Acknowledge Role of Cities as Economic Regions – Greater Kuala Lumpur

Greater Kuala Lumpur Blueprint

Greater Kuala Lumpur Blueprint

Working D

raft -Last Modified 8/2/2010 2:45:57 PM

Greater KL/KV’s has a strong value proposition for global and regional MNCs

▪ High investor protection index of 8.67▪ Takes only 11 days to start a business▪ Low corporate tax rate of 25%▪ Prime office rental of RM 90-120 / sq m per mth ▪ Strong skilled labour index of 6.7

Business environment

▪ Low cost of living compared to Hong Kong and Singapore

▪ High quality of life index of 7.98▪ Strong university education index of 7.02

Liveability

Key value proposition

of Greater KL/KV

▪ Connectivity to major

Last Modified 8/2/2010 2:45:57 PM

Printed 7/27/2010 11:38:55 PM

7

Within 2 hour

flight to

Singapore and

Jakarta

Within 6

hour flight

to Shanghai,

Hong Kong,

and Beijing

SOURCE: IMD; Doingbusiness.org

▪ 22 mln passenger transported by plane yearly

▪ Total R&D expenditure per capita in Malaysia is RM 180

▪ Qualified engineer index of 7.17

▪ Technological regulation index of 7.48

Infrastructure

▪ Attract & retain talent index of 7.8▪ High English proficiency ▪ Targeting 5% population growth

Human Capital

▪ Connectivity to major

markets

▪ Cost reduction of 20~30%

▪ Highly educated human

capital

▪ Rising infrastructure level

▪ High quality of living

Working D

raft -Last Modified 8/2/2010 2:45:57 PM

1.00.7

2.3

5.8

9.8

4.0

Population and employment demand in GKLmln population

ForeignIncrementalimmigration

12%

40% Baselinepopulationgrowth

48%

LocalIncrementalimmigration

1.7 mln new jobs created by 2020 through baseline growth and NKEA initiatives

GKL/KV’s population will need to grow to 10 mln by 2020 to fulfill employment demand and create RM120 bil GNI

Last Modified 8/2/2010 2:45:57 PM

Printed 7/27/2010 11:38:55 PM

11SOURCE: MOHR, DOS, NKEA lab, Team analysis

Incremental GNI Impact

RM ~ 120 billionBased on economic activity provided by other initiatives in Kuala Lumpur

3.3

2.5

Employment 20091

Baseline employment growth2

Non-active population 2009

Current 2010 population

GKL 2020 projected population

Incremental non-active population

NKEA employment growth

1 Based on 63.7% Labour Force Participation Rate and 68.1% active labor age (15~64)2 MOHR estimates based on baseline population growth

▪ Target 500,000 (12%) through the attraction of foreign talent (overseas Malaysians or expatriates)

▪ Talent attraction initiatives to be implemented by Talent Corp.

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PLANNING EVOLVES We need to know we are before we evolve and change

Performance  Evalua2on    

•  Content Gap •  Performance

Evaluation •  A Scorecard

24 CDP 2005-2025 The CDP formulates the overall development framework, vision and key directions in order to strengthen the physical, economic and social development of IM.

CDP 2006 - 2025 is divided into seventeen (17) chapters, in two main sections: The initiatives in CDP •  Function of authority;

•  Enhancement of quality of living environment;

•  Management of the use of land;

•  Management and promotion of urbanization;

•  Protection, preservation and enhancement of natural environmental resources, agricultural resources, parks and open spaces;

•  Protection of the natural coastal environment;

•  Revitalization of JB City Centre;

•  Provision, integration and coordination of urban;

•  Infrastructure and utility services;

•  Improvement of urban linkages;

•  Promote of Transit-Oriented Development (TOD); and

•  Targeted commercial development.

Proposal for the development in Iskandar Malaysia

6 Key Directions

NATURAL AND GREEN

ENVIRONMENT

5 Key Directions

THE COASTAL ZONE

6 Key Directions

JOHOR BAHRU CITY CENTRE

2 Key Directions

URBAN LINKAGE SYSTEM

11 Key Directions

URBAN INFRASTRUCTUR

E

10 Strategic Thrusts

SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT

7 Strategic Thrusts

SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

3 Strategic Thrusts

TRANSIT-ORIENTED

DEVELOPMENT

4 Areas of Focus

REGULATORY, LEGAL &

INSTITUTIONAL

7 Initiatives

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

25 CDP 2005-2025 Key Indicators And Strategic Thrust Set By CDP

Targeted Economic Indicators

Focused Development At 5 Promoted Flagships

Proposed Development Corridor

Improved Accessibility Through Regional and East-West Linkages

Strengthen International Linkages & Leverage On Singapore

2005 2025 2010

Population size (Million)

1.3 3.0 1.6

GDP (PPP) (in USD Million)

20 93.3 37.8

GDP per capita (PPP) in USD

14,790 31,100 NA

Labour Force 0.624 Mil 1.46 Mil 0.722 Mil

Employment 0.610 Mil 1.428 Mil 0.703 Mil

Unemployment

3-4 % 1.8% 2.6%

Jobs Created NA 817,500 93,400

IM just entered its second phase.

Progressive & Sustainable Investment and Economic Development

PHASE 1 Planning

Foundation Building

PHASE 2 Strengthening

& Growth

PHASE 3 Sustain

& Innovate

Evo

luti

on

2007-2009 2016-2025 2010-2015

IM Strategic Roadmap

CDP 2005-2025 CDP also sets the framework for the development implementation of IM.

CDP identified Iskandar Regional Development Authority (IRDA) as the regional authority with main functions to:

•  Develop •  Facilitate and regulate

approvals •  Promote social benefits to

community

Iskandar Investment Berhad has been identified as super developer apart from other existing property players.

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27

All blueprints will be examined against the relevant CDP 2006-2025 strategic thrusts and key directions.

Economic Development

(7 strategic thrusts)

CDP 2006-2025 strategic thrusts and key directions

Social Development

(7 strategic thrusts)

Physical Development (10 strategic

thrusts)

Natural and Green

Development (6 key

directions)

Coastal Zone (5 key

directions)

Johor Bahru City Centre

(5 key directions)

Urban Infrastructure

(11 key directions)

Urban Linkages including TOD

(5 strategic thrusts)

Regulatory, Legal and

Institutional (4 areas of

focus)

Commercial Development

CDP 2006-2025 strategic thrusts and key directions

1.  Integrated Land Use 2.  Investment & Marketing Strategic 3.  Tg. Puteri – Tourism 4.  Human Capital Blueprint

1.  Social Development 2.  Planning Design & Guideline on

Housing, Neighbourhood and Facilities

1.  Integrated Land Use 2.  Shoreline Management Plan 3.  Integrated Solid Waste

Management 4.  Transport 2010-2030 Masterplan 5.  Renewable Energy & Energy

Efficiency 6.  Environmental Planning Blueprint

1.  Integrated Land Use 2.  Shoreline Management Plan 3.  Environmental Planning

Blueprint

1.  Integrated Land Use 2.  Shoreline Management Plan 3.  Environmental Planning

Blueprint

1. Integrated Land Use 2. Area Character

Statement

1.  Integrated Solid Waste Management

2.  Renewable Energy & Energy Efficiency

3.  Electricity Blueprint 4.  Drainage & Stormwater

Management 5.  Information &

Communication Technology

1. Integrated Land Use 2. Transport 2010-2030

Masterplan

3 77 16 41

33 10

23 95 27 26 24 66

9 95 66

4 95 66

3 24

27 24 2 44 20

2 26

Blueprints Initiatives/ Programmes

Blueprints Initiatives/ Programme

Content Gap Analysis

28

Median- 83%

%

83 Improvement required especially data availability

Ready to be adopted to CDP

5 Blueprints are ready to be adopted into CDP, namely:

1.  Environment Planning 2.  Shoreline Management 3.  Area Character Statement 4.  Transportation Masterplan 5.  Tanjung Puteri- Tourism

Development

9 blueprint only managed to below median-83%. There are:

1.  Social Development

2.  Investment and marketing strategy

3.  Human Capital

4.  Safety and security

5.  Planning and Design Guidelines for Housing, Neighbourhood and Facilities

6.  ICT Blueprint 7.  Road Layout design 8.  Maintenance and Operational Plan 9.  Housing Management

19 Iskandar blueprints (except GIS Enterprise) have been evaluated based on content gap analysis. 5 main elements has been considered into analysis, namely address relevant CDP strategic thrust, objectives of blueprint, comprehensive of coverage, data, sustainability and programme/ readiness to roll out.

Scorecard For The Blueprint So

cial

Dev

elop

men

t

Inve

stm

ent a

nd M

arke

ting

Str

ateg

y

Hum

an C

apit

al

Safe

ty a

nd S

ecur

ity

Ele

ctri

city

Dra

inag

e an

d S

torm

wat

er

Inte

gra

ted

land

Use

Env

iron

men

tal

Plan

ning

Sh

orel

ine

Man

agem

ent

Plan

ning

and

Des

ign

Gui

del

ines

for

Hou

sing

, N

eig

hbou

rhoo

d a

nd F

acili

ties

IC

T Bl

uep

rint

Are

a C

hara

cter

Sta

tem

ent

Ren

ewab

le E

nerg

y an

d E

nerg

y E

ffic

ienc

y

Tran

spor

tati

on M

aste

rpla

n

Tanj

ung

Put

eri -

Tou

rism

Dev

elop

men

t

Roa

d L

ayou

t Des

ign

Mai

nten

ance

and

Op

erat

iona

l Pla

n

Hou

sing

Man

agem

ent

Integrated

 Solid  W

aste  M

anagem

ent  

Blueprints

5 main criteria: 1.  Address relevant CDP Strategic Thrusts 2.  Meet objectives of the blueprint 3.  Comprehensive coverage of subject/

topic

4.  Data availability / analysis 5.  Sustainability 6.  Programme/ Initiatives/ readiness to

roll out

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Planning is Best When Its From The People Always Engage and Listen and Act and Plan Accordingly

People’s Perception and Views These key concerns has guided the plan making process as people’s buy-in will ensure effectiveness of the Plan.

More parks & green spaces

Improve basic public amenities

and facilities

Affordable housing price

More public transportation facilities

and coverage Better quality of life and environment

Save mangrove

Conserve and preserve local history, culture and heritage

Redevelop abandoned project

sites and brownfield areas

Effective and systematic administration & governance

Less foreign workers and should give more chance or priority to local people

Safety & Security

WE WANT……

More fun, relax and recreational

facilities

The success of the Iskandar Malaysia should not be measured by the number of jobs created or development process that have been

implemented, but rather through the level of wellbeing or of the people in Iskandar Malaysia.

A success development should achieve all the necessities and

needs of the people and providing a liveable place to call home.

By En. Manndzri Bin Nasib, Vice President of Johor State Youth Council

Affordable in Cost of living

VISIT/ MEETING WITH RELEVANT ORGANIZATION & AGENCIES

FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION

ISKANDAR CITY FORUM

•  Federal Territory Ministry •  Economic Planning Unit •  Ministry of Trade and Industry •  DBKL Technical Departments •  MTPKL •  Ministry of Transport & Rapid/Star/Putra •  TNB, Telcos, Utility Providers, Wilayah

Persekutuan Infrastructure •  Multimedia Development Corporation •  Relevant Consultants

•  Hotels Association •  Travel Agents •  Stakeholders •  Banks, Insurance, Chamber of

Commerce and Stock Broking •  Disabled Group •  Youth representative

•  Residents representative •  Relevant NGO’s

•  Relevant Consultants •  Hotels Association/Travel Agents •  Stakeholders, Banks, Insurance,

Chamber of Commerce and Stock Broking

•  Disabled group representative

TWG 1 Legal, Land, Implementation &

Management

TWG 2 Use Class Rules

TWG 3 World Class City & Economic

Growth

TWG 4 Land Use &

Environment

TWG 5 Transportation

TWG 6 Utilities

TWG 2 Community

Development

TECHNICAL WORKING GROUPS

FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION

BRAINSTORMING AND WORKSHOP

FGD World Class Definition for

Kuala Lumpur

FGD Business & Commerce

Tourism Informal Sectors

FGD Disable Youth

Single Mothers

FGD Special Areas Bukit Jalil-Seputeh & Bandar Tun

Razak

FGD Special Areas City Centre & Damansara-Penchala

FGD Special Areas Sentul-Menjalara & Wangsa

Maju-Maluri

BRAINSTORMING World Class Definition for

Kuala Lumpur

BRAINSTORMING Business & Commerce

Tourism Informal Sectors

BRAINSTORMING Disable Youth

Single Mothers

BRAINSTORMING Special Areas Bukit Jalil-Seputeh & Bandar Tun

Razak

BRAINSTORMING Special Areas City Centre & Damansara-Penchala

BRAINSTORMING Special Areas Sentul-Menjalara & Wangsa

Maju-Maluri

MEMBERS Level of Consultations

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A New Paradigm of Planning It is important for people to relate to the city……

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Elements Current Approach New Emphasis City Design Making the city physically attractive. Making well-being, quality of life and liveability

the core of any urban project.

Real estate development driven city-making.

Developments are guided by public interest principles, including aesthetics.

Planning physical projects. Planning communities and neighbourhoods.

Development is by type of land use; residential, commercial and industrial.

Mixed uses are predominant to encourage living, working and leisure activities within the same compact area.

Transport Transportation network are designed to move vehicles via roads and highways.

Transportation networks are designed to move people, with a focus on public transport as the primary spine, supported by a pedestrian-friendly street network.

Movement is seen to be a transportation network and traffic engineering issue.

Mobility, accessibility and seamless connectivity are the desired outcomes.

Environmental, activities and culture

Environment and natural resources are free goods.

Urban projects account for the environmental cost of development.

Emphasis on providing urban infrastructure and services.

Beyond infrastructure and services, culture is an asset and drives a city’s distinctiveness.

Waste is disposed. Waste is a resource to be recycled and reused for example via waste-to-energy initiatives.

Governance Planning and provision of infrastructure is predominantly a central/federal role.

Greater collaboration and cooperation with local authorities to incorporate frontline input into planning and decision making.

Limited civil participation and consultation. Consultative and bottom-up approach to planning and design with the voice of citizens and businesses forming an important input.

A  new  paradigm  on  city  making  

Communities Today & Communities of the Future Different Desire

City Hall Community Centres

Theatres/ Museums

Transit Hospitals

Coffee Shops

Libraries

Schools

Civic Squares Community Gathering

Spaces/Parks

Churches

Offices

Sustainable Communities of the Future

Theatres/ Museums

Transit

Hospital Coffee Shops

Libraries Schools

Parks

Community Centres

City Hall

Churches Offices

Communities Today

Make our Cities = People Cities People Cities = Livable Cities

City Plan Scale Birds eye view / Aircraft perspective

Site Plan Scale Roof top /Helicopter perspective

People Scale Eye level / 5 km/h perspective

Its about the Right Scale that makes a city friendly and comfortable………..

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The creation of spaces for communities that allows for a sense of belonging.

Its about Place Making

How should they be planned in the context of demographic, economic and

technological changes? - Youth Spaces

- Active public realms - Market Square

The Soul of the City Its not about buildings

1 Public Realm ������Quality and functional public realm 

2 Visual Character and Identity ������Reflect an innovative and imaginative use of space, form and materials

3 Legibility and Orientation������Land parcels, transport networks, streets and parks - be designed as a coherent whole by the provision of good connections

4 Permeability and Connectivity������Design enables all forms of traffic, pedestrian and vehicular to move easily through the site

5 Safety and Security������Provide defensible space and ensure safety through environmental design

6 Varying Density and Use��� Enables vibrant and active community

Urban design is about making connections between people and places, movement and urban form, nature and the built fabric. Urban design draws together the many strands of place-making, environmental stewardship, social equity and economic viability into the creation of places with distinct beauty and identity.

Urban Design is important to a City Centre Urban design blends architecture, landscape architecture and urban planning together

1 Respond to Community Needs������Identifies the likely composition and needs of new communities, and how these will be addressed in a timely way.

2 Building Community Capacity������Community engagement and processes to achieve a strong sense of belonging and identity in a new community.

3 Economic Opportunity������Generate local employment opportunities

4 Healthy and Active Community������Creating safe environments that offer opportunities for healthy activity, recreation and social interaction.

5 Lifelong Learning������Access to education, and training opportunities at different stages of the lifecycle

About Community Well-being

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Kazan Smart City Not Just a New Township development

Its About New Urban Planning

Several workshop were held and as much challenges have been identified.

“ Where performing in the 6 characteristics, built on the ‘smart’ integration of economy, environment and social with focus on investments of human and social capital, combining hard and soft infrastructure that fuel sustainable economic development, a high quality of life, wise management of natural resources, through participatory governance ”

“The Participants Wants A Sustainable

Kazan Smart City”

Stakeholders Input STAKEHOLDERS ENGAGEMENT

WO

RKSHO

P PARTICIPA

NTS

STAKEH

OLD

ERS VISITATION

Local Partner Input (TIGP)

Concept Option 1

Presentation by TIGP regarding initial concept plan, and sharing of the site from the perspective of accessibility, current use, strengths and weaknesses.

Concept Option 2 Concept Option 3

Developing Strategies & Concepts for Master Plan Sketch Book 1 : KSC Mobilization & Workshop

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Closing Thoughts If urbanization is not managed it will not yield the desired results.

And

It Needs

•  Institution tailored to the 21st Century •  Spatial autonomy •  Local level accountability

•  Innovative solutions •  Sustainability is in-built •  Not multicultural but intercultural •  Spatially blind policies particularly in relation to social

infrastructure •  Incentive to enable urban regeneration; not only urban

expansion •  Higher standards and better designs •  Continuous Monitoring

What It Needs

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Closing Thoughts We Need to Reinvent the City

City as a Living Space –  Public health, safety & security –  Mobility & accessibility

–  Open spaces and private space –  Inner city regeneration / renewal –  Affordable Housing

City as a Transaction Hub –  Economic Revitalization

–  Regional / international hub –  Creativity & Innovation –  Connectivity & Logistics –  Microenterprise / corporate social

entrepreneurship

City as a Cultural Hub –  Cultural & Civic Facilities –  Living Heritage & Endangered Trades

–  Entertainment & Culture –  Cultural Diversity –  Creative Industries

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Closing Thoughts We Need to Reinvent the City

City as a Knowledge Hub –  Repository of Knowledge –  Learning & Living –  Libraries & Museum –  Living History & Culture –  Research, Innovation & Development Centres

City as a Civic & Democratic Space –  Urban Governance & Popular Participation –  Social Inclusion & Sense of Community –  Poverty –  Cultural Diversity –  Access to Public Facilities

City as a Sustainable Space –  Greening, urban form and planning –  Parks & Gardens –  Waste Management –  Walkable & Cyclable –  Ecological sustainability –  Carbon footprint & energy

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Put People in The Heart of Planning

Cities

Hub + Home

Inclusive Respectful Vibrant & Creative Excellence Driven

Welcoming Intimate

Surprising Non-Conformist

Young & Pro-active

Sustainable, Liveable City

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Value-Based Approach vs Physical Planning Approach

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THANK YOU

WE NEED TO DESIGN CITIES AS ONE BIG INCLUSIVE SPACE…. EQUITY &

EQUALITY

norliza@apudg.com