-Characteristics of Civilization- -Characteristics of Civilization- Personal Timelines due Personal Timelines due

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Unit IUnit IRiver CivilizationsRiver Civilizations

Five Characteristics Five Characteristics of River Civilizationsof River Civilizations

We begin at about 8,000 BC8,000 BCwhen village life beganvillage life began in the New Stone Age. . . Also known as the Neolithic Revolution.

NEW STONE AGE

What is the What is the REVOLUTIONREVOLUTION?? A A TOTALLYTOTALLY new way of living: new way of living:

From From

Hunter-Gatherersto Agriculture

The invention of Agriculture The invention of Agriculture changed the way people lived.changed the way people lived.

Agriculture (Farming)Agriculture (Farming)

Growth of CitiesGrowth of Cities

Division of Labor Division of Labor (Specialization)(Specialization)

TradeTrade

Writing and MathematicsWriting and Mathematics

Five Characteristics Five Characteristics of River Civilizationsof River Civilizations

(3) Writing Systems

(1) Government / Laws

(2) Organized Religion

(4) Class Structure

(5) Division of Labor

GovernmentGovernment

ReligionReligion

System of WritingSystem of Writing

Class StructureClass Structure

Division of LaborDivision of Labor

1. Organized Government1. Organized Government

Organize people to grow and distribute Organize people to grow and distribute foodfood

Make and enforce lawsMake and enforce laws

Plan / organize large projectsPlan / organize large projects

Standardize money / collect taxesStandardize money / collect taxes

Build an army for protectionBuild an army for protection

2. Organized Religion2. Organized Religion

Theocracy Theocracy – Government by religion – Government by religion Early civilizations were ruled by priestsEarly civilizations were ruled by priests

Set up rituals, symbols and shrinesSet up rituals, symbols and shrines

Priests were gods or the representatives Priests were gods or the representatives of godsof gods

PolytheismPolytheism – Many gods – Many gods

3. System of Writing3. System of Writing

A way to keep track A way to keep track of recordsof records Laws to followLaws to follow Taxes to collectTaxes to collect What has been storedWhat has been stored

Passes on knowledge Passes on knowledge to othersto othersPriests were the ones Priests were the ones who wrotewho wrote

4. Class Structure4. Class StructureRuler – Usually a priestRuler – Usually a priest

Priests/Nobles – Priests worked with Priests/Nobles – Priests worked with gods Nobles were warriors with landgods Nobles were warriors with land

Merchants – People who tradedMerchants – People who traded

Shopkeepers/Artisans – Working class Shopkeepers/Artisans – Working class with some skillswith some skills

Laborers/Farmers – Workers – no skillsLaborers/Farmers – Workers – no skills

Slaves – No freedom – lowest classSlaves – No freedom – lowest class

5. Division of Labor5. Division of LaborProvides goods and servicesProvides goods and services

People develop specialized skillsPeople develop specialized skills

Encourages trade and new technologyEncourages trade and new technology

Encourages a system of social classesEncourages a system of social classes