© BRITISH NUTRITION FOUNDATION 2014 Diversity of farming systems.
© BRITISH NUTRITION FOUNDATION 2013 Alcohol. © BRITISH NUTRITION FOUNDATION 2013 Learning...
-
Upload
cathleen-malone -
Category
Documents
-
view
214 -
download
1
Transcript of © BRITISH NUTRITION FOUNDATION 2013 Alcohol. © BRITISH NUTRITION FOUNDATION 2013 Learning...
© BRITISH NUTRITION FOUNDATION 2013
Alcohol
© BRITISH NUTRITION FOUNDATION 2013
Learning objectives
•To understand alcohol is a source of energy.
•To understand the measurements of alcohol.
•To know the government’s current alcohol intake recommendations.
•To understand that drinking too much alcohol may damage health.
© BRITISH NUTRITION FOUNDATION 2013
Alcohol is not considered a nutrient but is a source of energy in the diet.
Did you know?
Each gram of pure alcohol provides 7kcal/29kJ of energy.
© BRITISH NUTRITION FOUNDATION 2013
How is alcohol produced?
Alcohol is produced by a process called fermentation. During fermentation microbes called yeasts grow by feeding on the sugars (e.g. glucose).
As they grow, the yeasts produce alcohol and carbon dioxide.
This equation shows what happens:
C6H12O6 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 + ENERGY
Glucose Ethanol Carbon dioxide
© BRITISH NUTRITION FOUNDATION 2013
Alcoholic drinks
The amount of alcohol in drinks is expressed as a percentage present named as Alcohol by Volume (ABV) and varies from 0 - 50%. Spirits such as whisky and vodka have a higher alcohol content than wines or beers.
Fruits such as grapes and apples are used to make alcoholic drinks such as wine and cider.
Did you know?Cereals, e.g. barley and rye, are used to make beer and spirits. Spirits are made through the distillation process.
© BRITISH NUTRITION FOUNDATION 2013
Typical alcohol content of drinks
Drink % alcohol
Spirits 40
Sherry 15-20
Wine 10-15
Strong lager, beer or cider 3-6
Low alcohol lager, beer or cider 1-1.5
© BRITISH NUTRITION FOUNDATION 2013
One unit of alcohol
A standard way of measuring the alcohol content in drinks is in units of alcohol.
One unit contains 8 grams or 10ml of pure alcohol (ethanol). For example:
A single pub measure of spirits. 25ml ~40% alcohol
A glass of sherry or fortified wine50ml ~20% alcohol
½ glass of table wine 100ml ~10% alcohol
½ pint of regular lager, beer or cider 284 ml ~3.8% alcohol
1 pint of low alcohol beer or cider568 ml ~2% alcohol
© BRITISH NUTRITION FOUNDATION 2013
What happens to alcohol in the body?
Alcohol is absorbed from the stomach and the small intestine.
This occurs more slowly if alcohol is consumed with food.
Alcohol is soluble in water and carried around the body in the bloodstream.
Alcohol is removed from the blood by the liver over a period of several hours. The rate at which this happens depends on age, sex, body weight, liver size and how much alcohol was consumed.
© BRITISH NUTRITION FOUNDATION 2013
Sensible drinking
The government advises that people should avoid regular drinking:Men – no more than 3 to 4 units per day.Women – no more than 2 to 3 units per day.
After a large consumption of alcohol (binge drinking) in one session, it is recommended to avoid alcohol for at least 48 hours to allow the body to break down all the alcohol consumed.
© BRITISH NUTRITION FOUNDATION 2013
Drinking in pregnancy
It is best for pregnant women to avoid alcohol completely as it can damage the unborn baby.
If they do drink, they should limit the amount to one unit of alcohol a day, once or twice a week.
Heavy drinking during pregnancy can lead to foetal alcohol syndrome.
Children with this syndrome may have: •restricted growth; •facial abnormalities;•learning and behavioural disorders.
© BRITISH NUTRITION FOUNDATION 2013
How does alcohol affect the body?
As the level of alcohol in the bloodstream increases, it may cause an effect on a person’s behaviour.
Short term:•slower reaction times;•increased risk-taking;•judgement becomes blurred;•poor co-ordination.
This is why it is dangerous to drink alcohol before driving a car.
Long term:Vitamin B deficiency disease, beri-beri, higher risk of liver damage such as cirrhosis and liver cancer and heart problems.
© BRITISH NUTRITION FOUNDATION 2013
Question
True or false?Alcohol does not provide any energy.
TrueTrue FalseFalse
© BRITISH NUTRITION FOUNDATION 2013
False. Alcohol provides 7kcal (29kJ) per gram.
Next question
© BRITISH NUTRITION FOUNDATION 2013
Question
How much pure alcohol is in one unit?
4g4g 6g6g
8g8g 10g10g
© BRITISH NUTRITION FOUNDATION 2013
Wrong answer.
Next question
Try again
© BRITISH NUTRITION FOUNDATION 2013
Correct answer.
Next question
© BRITISH NUTRITION FOUNDATION 2013
Question
True or false? It is best for pregnant women to avoid alcohol completelyas it can damage theunborn baby.
TrueTrue FalseFalse
© BRITISH NUTRITION FOUNDATION 2013
True. It is best for pregnant women to avoid alcohol completely as it can damage the unborn baby.
The end
© BRITISH NUTRITION FOUNDATION 2013
British Nutrition FoundationImperial House15-19 KingswayLondon WC2B 6UN
Telephone: 020 7557 7930Email: [email protected]: www.nutrition.org.uk www.foodafactoflife.org.uk