Alfred Binet

• French psychologist• Designed a series of

tests to measure the mental abilities of school children.

• Used test to compute average score for each age level

Stanford-Binet Test

Mental Age Idea that

intelligence increase w age

Louis Terman Stanford Prof Used Binet system

to measure IQ

Intelligence Quotient Measure of brightness by comparing

mental age with physical age 100 pt center

Mental age ÷ Physical age × 100 = IQ 6 ÷ 5 × 100 = 120

All adults given the age of 20

IQ

Wechsler Intelligence Test

David Wechsler WAIS – adults WISC – children (6-16) WPPSI – preschool (4-

6)

Subscales (verbal and performance) combine to form IQ score

Intellectual Disability Intellectual Developmental Disorder

Adaptive functioning with four levels of severity Mild, Moderate, Severe, Profound

Causes Genetic abnormalities – Downs syndrome Prenatal exposure – alcohol, drugs, chemicals

Extremes in Intelligence

Prodigy Person with exceptional talents or

powers that does NOT have an intellectual disability

Bill Gates – Prodigy Age 45 became richest man in

U.S. Began writing computer

programs in 8th grade Dropped out of Harvard –

created 1st operating system to run a computer

Microsoft, his company operates on 90% of the world’s computers

Akrit Jaswal – Prodigy

15-year-old India native performed first surgery at age seven. At 11, he became youngest student ever admitted to an Indian university.

IQ of 146

E. Midori – Prodigy Began violin at age 3 By age 10 – a prodigy Performed professionally (age 10) with NY

Philharmonic Able to memorize& flawlessly performlong complicated pieces of music.

Gregg Cox - Prodigy Speaks 64 languages Began leaning languages age 5 Started with Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, German &

Mandarin Now learns about 5 per year Produced Worlds largest language dictionary in 225

languages. 45,600 pages of nearly 5 million entries which cross references each of 225 languages

Jake Barnett- Prodigy

Age 2 – diagnosed with autism

Started college at 15 Video

Savant Syndrome RARE condition marked by island of

brilliance in relation to intellectual disability Intellectually disabled but also display

exceptional skill in a limited domain such as music, art, math, or calculating dates.

Obsessive fixations on particular topics & memorization of trivia can also be present

By age 2 Nadia had autism diagnosisAge 3 ½ she began to draw… draw not

scribble without training from memory with skill of a talented adult

Draws differently by putting in random details first & then outline last.

Nadia – Age 4 vs. Da Vinci

Nadia – Age 4 vs. Typical 9 year old

Nadia Age 4 vs. Typical 4 year old

Brittany Maier 16 year old blind,

autistic,& mentally disabled musical savant pianist

Memorized over 10,000 pieces including hundreds of originals

Savant Video Clip

SAVANT

Kim Peek Basis for Rain Man

video

Kay and Flo

Twins Autistic Savants

Video