Presented TO :

Prof DR: Eman Afify DR : Nelly Ramzy DR : Nabil Al-KassarWorked By :

Hadeer Hany El-Galad Omnia Saleh Gamal Mohamad Salem Khaled Rafat Ahmed Mohamad Osama El-Kassas Mohamad Gomaa Helmy Mohamad Nabil El-Shabt

Thanks to the idea of sports facilities to the Greeks, where they were first interested in the establishment of sports tournaments was the Ancient Olympic Games held in the year (468 BC), due to the large number of participants from different provinces of Greek led to the idea of creating sports venues large to accommodate the largest possible number of viewers to enjoy the sporting competitions and encourage the heroes. Continued past the Olympic Games competitions for five days due to the large number of players involved (from all the Greek provinces). Since that period the continued reconstruction and the establishment of sports stadiums, specifically in the era of Romanian civilization, characterized by innovation in the sports facilities. The word stadium launches in the first instance on the running track, then on the big stadium, and then specifically in the Roman era, has launched a range of sports facilities that contain playgrounds and multiple considered in 1890 (the date of the reorganization of the Olympic Games) is the real beginning of scientific progress in the sports facilities, which took many European countries to develop, spreading plant and the arts of architecture advanced and developed gradually in some European countries (Finland, Germany, Italy), then moved that technology (IT) and sports equipment to other Western countries (England, America, France and other countries). Continues to progress and development in the art and technical architecture sports continuously until the present day, and this is the development of excellence in building sports facilities by tracking the Olympic Games since the beginning of modern 1896, Athens, and through the session which was held in Munich 1972, and until the last Olympics. Notes where the extent of development that resulted from thecompetition between countries to host the Olympic Games and show Maldiha of modern techniques in the art of building and equipping of sports facilities. And became a sports facility called the name of any place intended and equipped for the practice of physical activities and sports in all its forms, whether those places exposed or covered.

And sports facilities often include many of the tools and places logistics support in addition to the stadiums, such as: sports equipment, stores, warehouses, rooms and halls, and outbuildings .... Etc.. And sports facilities vary in size depending on the purpose of its establishment, there are educational facilities, training and competitive ... etc., and there is ground for children's playgrounds , green spaces, public squares , sports clubs and sports ... Etc.

There were several categories of sports facilities in accordance with the quality criteria used in classification and purpose of these categories is the distinction between these categories, thereby facilitating the treatment and the possibility of application of the design entrance for each type or pattern of classification is as follows:

According to the purpose of the established sports building. The facilities are divided according to intended purpose of its establishment as the establishment of local or international matches and each design principles. According to the site established sports building. Sports facilities vary according to its being located in part of: Entire site as the city or Olympic sports Expansion of sports facilities Sports facilities to supplement non-athletic facilities (tourist villages - Hotels - Schools - Hospitals ...... etc.) According to the type of sport practiced within the facility. Those multiplayer games, and wherever it be in the facility it imposes its design principles on the architecture building that practice inside those games and we will address the following categories of sports facilities according to the type of games, which exercised within Playground multi-purpose halls and are often covered, and is a multi-use and consists of areas, playgrounds, and terraces attached to and used for the following purposes (a basketball court - hand ball - volley ball - Hockey - Gymnastics - Wrestling - Judo - Boxing - Karate - Weightlifting - Football Party ) Covered Halls The design basis for the possibility of activities of a sports broadcast, sports and weather conditions in the framework of non-obstructive to the activity (low and very high temperatures) exercise and the many sports such as skating on the ice - Pattenaj - light athletics - gymnastics - cycling - swimming - football) Outdoor play grounds and have several types, such as a football field - basketball courts (training) - Handball courts (training) - hockey courts - Croquet courts - athletics courts - tennis courts Sports Stadiums : which classified as following Olympic Games stadiums and international championships stadiums large local matches Stadium matches the local level of the big cities training stadiums

Dubai Sports City

Basra Sports City

Gaza Sports City (Senior project)

To create one of the world's premier sporting destinations in line with the overall vision of Dubai to create world class sporting infrastructure and become a destination for the sporting world. To establish Dubai Sports City as the world's leading sporting destination, hosting major events and attracting the biggest brands from across the world by way of participation and sponsorships. To become the world's first integrated sports city incorporating premium residential properties, superb shopping, and entertainment and dining, and a vibrant commercial district

Location Zoning Components Circulation Entrances Criticism

Set on 50 million square feet within the Dubai land development It locates in United Arab Emirates Dubai and the mapshow the detailed location

Set It's been conceptualized as a city within a city, where you can get everything that you need providing a platform for youth development, recreational sporting facilities, residential and commercial developments, together with all the related amenities expected in a purpose-built city, including international schools, medical facilities, hotels, community centers andentertainment venues.

The following Functional Diagram show the General planning of the city .

Sports Area: Dubai International Hockey Stadium The 2600 seat field hockey stadium, built to the guidelines of the International Hockey Federation (FIH), is a world-class outdoor venue and will provide an excellent setting for both international and local competition. The venue features two state of the art water-based artificial surfaces, with superb facilities for players, officials and media.

Sports Area: Cricket Stadium The 25,000-seater cricket stadium will be among the most advanced of its kind, with next-generation facilities forplayers officials, VIPs, spectators and the media.

The bowl design will bring the spectators closer than ever to the action. The design of the cricket stadium meets all ICC specifications for hosting international cricket fixtures.

Sports Area: Multi Purpose Indoor Designed to host all hard court games such as basketball, volleyball, handball, badminton, tennis, ice hockey and more, the 10,000 seat indoor stadium will deliver the ideal venue for sport's events throughout the Dubai's summer months.

Sports Area: Multi Purpose outdoor The largest of the venues at Dubai Sports City, the 60,000 seat multi-purpose outdoor stadium is designed to host football, rugby and track & field in addition to major cultural and entertainment events. It's equipped with the very latest in technology from its "Ring of fire" lighting system to its amenities for teams, press and VVIPs - and will undoubtedly be a benchmark against which all other venues in the Middle East are measured.

Sports Area: The Els Club Golf Course The Els Club at Dubai Sports City is a world's first and is also the first golf course designed by Ernie Els in the Middle East.

Residential Area: Lake Residential Area Canal Residence West offers spacious studio, one, two or three bedroom apartments, where every detail has been designed to match your personality and highest expectations. Set on the Rivera-style waterfront, midway between the northern and southern retail hubs of the downtown district, Canal Residence West is right at the center of this exciting sporting metropolis with facilities such as gymnasiums, pools, children play areas and barbeque areas.

Residential Area: Victory Heights The Victory Heights golf course villa community is set on the fairways of the prestigious Els Club Golf Course. Designed to embody the energy of sport, the soothing surroundings of nature and the pursuit of a healthy mind and body, Victory Heights redefines everyday living, Planned with a mix of sporting, recreational and community facilities, there's no end to the benefits provided by this desirable community.

Residential Area: Golf Villa Gallery Villas is an exclusive development of luxury, 2-storey, detached and attached villas located in Dubai Sports City in close proximity to Ernie Els Design golf course.

Commercial Area: Northern Commercial Area Designed in a classic Venetian style that is authentic in its Italian heritage, North Point is located right at the very heart of the downtown district on Dubai Sports City's iconic waterfront, a short stroll away from the main residential, offices and entertainment centers. 700,519 sqft. of office and residential space A gross leasable retail area of 183,554 sqft., providing 100 retail units with indoor and outdoor access Three elegant atriums with a mix of boutique stores and cafes leading out to the hub's inner core of waterfront restaurants, offices and residence Outer ring of convenience stores and everyday service outlets

Commercial Area: Southern Commercial Area Dubai Sports City's southern hub will offer a premium dining and shopping experience. Anchored by a five star boutique hotel with 300 deluxe rooms, this hub is designed to become a haven for those focused on the finer things in life and a serene lifestyle. A gross leasable area of 116,100 sqft., providing 50 retail units with indoor and outdoor access 300,000 sqft. of office and residential space An exclusive shopping and gourmet offering that will complement the hotel

Other Facilities: Defect Liability Period (DLP) Management Helpdesk / Call center Emergency Response Team FM consultancy Snagging services Waste Recycling Annual Maintenance contracts for individual property owners Cleaning Pest Control Waste management Security Landscaping Handy Man & other Misc. services

The Circulation movement In the City separates on three ways : The main street which link the sports area with lake residential units and the commercial areas as shown its the most robust way in the city and carry most volume of people The secondary Streets which be the longest way in the city as it links the commercial areas with lake residential area and the Golf area with Golf villas; the Golf area is the largest area in the city Tertiary Streets roll into units and Blocks

1. From The Emirates road and entrance to the Lake Residential area , Northern Commercial area and the sports area2. Entrance for The Golf area and Villas , The other facilities area and the Victory Heights Units3. The main Entrance of the Sports Area4. Entrance of the Lake Residential Units and the Southern Commercial Area5. Entrance to the Facilities and the Golf Villas1

2

3

54

1. The location selection is very smart because it chosen in an unknown place which will make it life like the site of Burj Khalifa in 4 years it become a city2. The project will be another destination to people forDubai

3. The distribution of zonings very good which make privacyfor residential areas and each part of sports area that achieved in the variable of entrances

4. The city have the necessary and entertainment areas which make it selfish city5. The circulation is available for all ways but it little random particular in the golf area6.There are little master areas for parking

7. The entrances distributed very well as there is anentrance for sports area and others for residential which doesnt make crowding in streets

8. Putting the residential area in parts not on the main streets

southern Iraq. Construction started in the project on 15 July 2009 and expected to be completed late

Set It's been conceptualized as a city including recreational sporting facilities, residential and commercial developments, together with all the related amenities expected in a purpose-built city, including international schools, medical facilities, hotels, community centers and entertainment venues.p

p

p

N

Main stadium

Training playground

Residential area

Hall covered p Parking area

seat main stadium to 65,000 thousand spectators. secondary stadium can accommodate thousands of spectators to 10,000 The four pitches for trainingIf you see the main stadium will be on the pitch lake in the form of a map of Iraq

there is a difference 8 Hotels Gulf . main building public service parking area

Project program1.Main stadium26. Training hall judo

2.Secondary stadium27. Training hall-fencing

3.Football training28. Training hall- shooting

(4playground)sport

4.Indoor track faculty29. Training hall- table tennis

5.Equestrian/polo30. Bowling hall

field/horses stables31. museum/library/computer

6.Olympic swimmingcenter

hall/diving pool32. service area (2total)

7.Volley ball center/beach33. systems hall

volley ball34. gymnastic hall

8.Helix-pad35. indoor halls for games(3)

9.Fire fighting station36. school for talented

10. Public toilet(5total)athletes

11. Iconic retail37. malty purpose court

12. Sports hall38. tennis court(4)

13. Sports medical center39. tennis stadium

14. Recibtional swimming40. special ceremony hall

center41. Amain gate

15. Youth housing42. Bmain secondary gate

16. Winter summer(3)

amphitheater43. C secondary gate (12)

17. Sport team44. perimeter gardening road

housing(8total)45. Sindbad island

18. Administration46. internet caf

19. Commercial mall47. proposed hotel site

20. Mosque48. TV truck parking

21. Scientific center49. event pre function space

22. Fair ground/amusment50. VIP gest house

23. Training hall-weight lifting51. spa and recreational pools

24. Training hall boxing52. conversance center

25. Training hall wresting53. stadium ticket gate

54. ticket sales building

Main Stadium Main stadium service yard C-generator (2total- 1for main stadium- 1 for sanitary and storm pumps) F-sanitary and storm pump stationAerial View DInner view

The Circulation movement In the City separates on three ways : The main street which surrounding the city The secondary Streets which link between the sports areas and residential area and its the main skeleton of circulation in the city Water rood which the roads lay on the lakeMain road

Secondary road

Water path

The main entrance lead to the water roads which links the sports areas with them The other entrances made to make less crowding on the main entrance The exit entrances distributed with regular shape beside the entrances The people paths concentrated on the water roads Distribution of parking area is perfect located behind the sports area and with appropriated areas capacity ENTRANCE

EXIT

Main entrance

People path

Parking area

The zoning made with arranged shape and make the city is selfish which have the main components of any sportscity

main arenahalls of cycling

Olympic stadiumCentre of Tunis

main covered halltraining playground

center of aquaticparking

Main component:1. main entrance2. main arena3.Olympic stadiumSecondary component:

4.main covered hallA.main building

B.masjid of project

5.center of aquaticC.Medical Center

6.halls of cyclingD.public service

E.broadcast center

7.center of Tunis

8.training playground

9.Parking

10.secondary entrance project

Main component:1. main entrance2. main arena3. Olympic stadium4. main covered hall5. center of aquatic6. halls of cycling7. center of Tunis8. training playground9. Parking10. secondary entrance project

The Circulation movement In the City separates on three ways : The main street which surrounding the cityThe secondary Streets which link between the sports areas and others and its the main skeleton of circulation in the city

Secondary roads which concentrated in the parking area

Main road

Secondary path

Secondary road

Main Entrance which from the main parking to the sports area Secondary entrances made to less the crowding from the main entrance It separated the exit gates on the entrances to less crowdingMain entrance

Secondary entrance

Exit

Introduction

Components

Concerns

Reuse Methods

In this era can be considered as Olympic Games, an event engineered more than a sporting event as it aims to establish a sports buildings that are of great importance for the country hosting the Olympic courses Those facilities give a clear picture of the extent of technical progress to start the host whatever host country, the gatherings buildings are not integrated at the time of check out which would lead to giving opportunities to designer engineer to provide the best ideas to take into mistakes which founded in the previous session

sports city is designed to establish local and international games contain the following basic components: stadium scenes 100000 hall covered with 10,000 viewers Pool hall for 5,000 spectators Water Sports Club covered 5,000 spectators In addition to the previous basic components can meet the international requirements be added to it the following: sports club open courts covered Boxing courts covered basketball courts covered and open tennis courts cycling stadium volleyball courts handball courts Physical Therapy Center administrative center Village residential

When choosing the city which will be host the Olympic Games take into account that this city is famous and known worldwide as a tourism city in order to be used in the future of the facility - after the completion of the Games - and easily connect to the outside world and that by all known types of communication (land - sea - air) at the creation of the Olympic Games in mind that the city must be in the planning along the natural mother of the city to use its facilities and services and then be the nucleus of a new city is connected to a natural connection to the mother city elements of planning consists of: form of the terrain and gradient trees and foliage footpaths artificial lake site, if any the formation of plateaus With the help of these elements designer begins in the planning of the Olympic Village and stadiums Home which consists of the main stadium and gymnasium and indoor swimming pool closed so as not to appear regularly as architectural separate, but rather shows an integrated whole with the configuration of natural and artificial, as one unit under one roof.

Do not have to feel the sheer human inconsequential in the chaotic sports facilities must take into account in the design, generate friendship among the nations competing in terms of creating a beautiful environment and joyful atmosphere encourages such relationship the integration of the environment surrounding environment design opportunities for future expansion

Must incorporate the following elements in the design of traffic leading to the facility: the geographical situation of the country Study the roads leading to the sports facility, whether local or international This study shows the following scheme quantity of traffic that arrive to the city in the hours standard Place and parking garages to take account of guidance in terms of the best roads, and wind movement and the development of auto stations next to the entrance reducer and provide maintenance and service station

Traffic can be divided as follows: private cars and motorcycles 60% Motor bus in 15% Motor bus special 20% Taxi 3% pedestrian 2% entrances and visitors transfer: an entrance and transport a key factor in the project of establishing a sports cities so you must determine the number of cars to the population in Egypt is estimated at twenty people per cab should be considered maximum traffic in Egypt in the afternoon and the morning drew 20-25% of the volume of traffic all day

Parking: rates of the number of people by car one and calculate the number of places to wait for cars:private cars 3 people / car

Taxi2 people / car

bus50 people / car

rates of private cars 1 private car = 1 motoric unit 1 a taxi = 1motoric unit 1 and bus = 2.5 motoric unit has been found from previous projects 70% of the traffic volume overall is in one hour - Time standard = 30-90 minutes before the start of sports competitions and to ensure that arrival of all visitors at a convenient time to the stadium, the streets leading to be designed to withstand 70 % of the volume of traffic coming out of the stadium at one time before and after the end of the competitions as a waiting period should be calculated in the parking spaces

if we consider that the stadium held 100,000 spectators, the volume of traffic in the PM standard 19890.5 motoric unite and in the case of occupy the stadium only In the case of a match in all facilities at the same time is required to calculate the area of parking is added 2% of motoric units on the previous figure to be the total area 20,300 motoric unit When you increase the number of cars on the previously calculated number of allowed parking spaces on non-paved car parking rates for the types of transportation: 100% of private cars 80% of private and public bus 40% of taxis Number of parking places: 22 750 a place to wait for private cars 650 place to private and public bus 1600 place waiting for taxis

ways of established facilities and relationship to each other: Main roads leading to the origin is of main road leading to the city of sports There are two users of City: staff and athletes viewers take into account the possibility of access to the Site by public transport routes the distribution of parking places for athletes and staff in small groups located next to their housing units the impact of topographic location: take into account take advantage of the natural composition of interoperability in the design so there is no separation, including avoid a stadium next to the factory because of the vapors and noise

the impact of topographic location: Architectural Design case: when the architectural design of the Olympic Games after distribution of the hand planning follow up on: When establishing sports facilities must observe the following:1. Ease of access by the public and the players and senior guests, supervisors and judges, journalists and foreign correspondents and media personnel with a complete separation between each of them hand entrances and exits and the architectural spaces of their own.2. prepare a sufficient number of car parking for all users with a mind not to impede the movement3. Entrances and exits preparing an appropriate quantity to allow the public to enter and exit in a short time4. a complete separation between the movement of the public in the stands and players on the pitch5. working angle of inclination suitable for safety vision for the viewer6. use of the spaces beneath the stands of the elements of service for all users7. Choose a natural or industrial lighting appropriate to the vision established for the safety of both the viewer and the player8. audio processing in the sports facilities for the safety of hearing the results9. Subject to the proper ventilation of natural or artificial10. some of the considerations to be taken into account when designing coverage: Coverage is light with new innovative design Take into account the coverage only result in a strong vision like that of the visual scenes and player alike Quality of coverage is chosen, which reduces the difference between light and shadow on the pitch Reflect the rays of the sun and does not make it directly to the viewers. Bearing the air forces affects The link between coverage and the location in which the hand of the architectural composition of the sports facilities

The design of residential village must observe the following:1. to be a residential village close to the sports facilities and in direct contact with2. design of the village residential free and clear hand of architectural composition, giving the appropriate privacy for residents with vision optical sound and ease of movement within3. items and services are distributed to serve the village residential4. the presence of recreational areas and cultural and social5. residential use of the village after the Games Structural case: the design of construction works for any Olympiad must take into account the following points: location of the study hand and soil types and suitability for the establishment innovation and use of the latest ways to accounts Structural testing and studies on the origin of which bear a strong wind conditions and other natural use of building materials to fit the largest use of form and function take the economic situation into account cost-Structural put the designer into account the use of terms Structural after the end of the games (for example the building remove and re-built and installed)

Exploitation of stadiums and sports facilities: use them in different inner activities of the city hosting the session. rent or sold to Sporting clubs use of halls in establishing cultural activities and festivals used in the creation of other buildings when they are determined to be lifted after the Games used in the service of personalized sports institutes for training Use residential village: The village includes residentialhousing and a one-room suites and apartments and recreational areas used as follows:

cities of the application, or houses for rent or sold to families converted to hotels use a tourist village use dwellings in areas with a shortage of housing

Total required area for establishing the city is 2772000m2 Components required: Main stadium for soccer Covered hall Open Playgrounds Media center Main Building Residential area for players and administrators

Main

ResidentialBuildingMedia

AreaCenter

Covered hallsStadiumOpen Playgrounds

Admin Entrance

Resid. Entrance

Main Entrance

BMW International Stadium

Football Stadium FC Bate Borisov

Dalian Shair Stadium

Location: the BMW International Stadium Competition in North Jakarta, Indonesia. Concept: A stadium designed to international standards, created as an icon of sports development as well as a landmark for the city of Jakarta. As a landmark, the stadium is designed taking into consideration: Elements of the Spirit Ten symbolic tongues of flame reach out to touch the sky, representing the fiery energy of the spirit, all of them bound together by a ring as a symbol of friendship. Environmental Friendliness The concept of a building that is uplifted from ground level, aiming to convey that it does not seek to harm the existing environment, and creating an open range of views towards the lake and the park. Cover: The use of metal materials, irregularly arranged to display the dynamic tongues of flame, and effecting reflections of the light, which underscores their purpose. It also characterizes a singular design vision that leaps far into the future.A.Main stadiumE.

B.Urban FieldF.

C.Beach Soccer FieldG.

D.Volley Beach AreaH.

I.

J.

Jet Sky HarborK.Railway station

Jet SkyL.Bus parking

MaintenanceM.Car parking

Entrance GateN.Motorcycle parking

Main plazaO.Lake corridor

Secondary plazaP.High way

TicketingQ.Ramp

Location: Football stadium for FC Bate Borisov, of Belarus. Concept: Stadium arena forms unified rounded dome impression of a single enclosed object. Despite its middle size has impression of large, dominant and powerful landmark. Internally, a rounded arena provides good acoustics and extroversive atmosphere during the game for both, players and fans. And during training time allows introverted concentration on the game Design Concerns: the stadium has 13.000 seats, has to obtain 4stars according to UEFA categorization and have additional 3.000m2 of public program. The playing surface has N S orientation, size of playground is 68x105m, size of area is 85x105m, between spaces allows enough space for the installation of the advertising screens, photographers and cameras. The seats are arranged around the playground in 17 rows along the long sides and of 27-28 rows along the short sides. West upper gallery is reserved for the press, east on for VIP. Under the west stand area there are 4 floors with extra program and service facilities, under the east side 3 floors and on west side 2 floors. Foyer for visitors is on the first floor level and has 4 accesses by stairway with access control. Foyer is a covered plateau, naturally ventilated and unheated area. This is a place for a break during the half with the visitors toilets, bars (drinks and snacks), first-aid room and detention. The space extends all around the inner part of the stadium arena. Toilets and bars are designed as closed isolated heated boxes. 250 seats in the central upper part are reserved for VIP. Access is via elevator directly to the entrance area with option of car driveway.

Design Concerns: On the opposite side are press cabins and seats with tables for 40 journalists with direct access to the stairs to the press room and the mix zone. Separate access for soccer players is from the lower platform, with direct access for team buses and parking. On entry point to the field there are two dressing rooms, mix zone, a place for doping and physiotherapy. 3.000 m2 of public programmed is distributed on zero level on the N, S and E. On eastern part restaurant and bowling are locate On southern part are public fitness/gym studios. Other public area spaces are designed for various commercial activities. All the restaurants have individual access from the public platform. Around the stadium is rounded pedestrian square acting as a meeting area and also as a peripheral roundabout. Out of it parking pockets are organized hidden into the existing forest area. These pockets are in a time with no match used for skating, rollerblading, carting etc

Introduction NBBJ is the company who designed Dalian shair stadium and its considered the start of a new way which is unprecedented in sports architecture by Freedom from the traditional system based on building Freedom from the traditional system based on the establishment of an existingbuilding on the usual form, its placed in Dalian city in china it has about 40000 seat and it follows City Council

Concept Design based on the idea that the earth openedup and folded to include green garden walls to support the stadium And allow consisting stands of spectators between them.

The two walls are icons and they create a support system and protection with opened ends to connect the project together with cables and tissues to protect spectators from architectural elements. The walls are clad with facing overseas plants vary according to seasons, these data reduced carbon represents a pleasant surprise for all who believe the stadium is expected to see concrete and steel but its surprise plants and flowers. The side of the garden has huge LED screens works with renewable energy in the same site, this energy changes Constantly in comparison with the outside which changes naturally.Stages of

Opening

Visual

Concept

Sustainable elements Green walls: Provide insulation of buildings. Which reduce the use of energy. Reduce the thermal effect of the atmosphere of the island. Denies air pollution. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Water: The reuse of water according to a comprehensive systemfor recycling water can reduce water losses are large and can be used also for irrigation and fire-fighting and cleaning and air conditioning.

Renewable energy: Through a system to reduce energy from wind turbines and Solar Cells. Porous paving system: Reduce wastage of water leakage and reduce the impact of sewage on the landscape.

Over view Pre-construction decisions Safety

Check stages and parking

Playing Area Players and match officials

Spectators

Hospitality

Media

Lighting

Components of the Olympic stadiums and detailed program: the running track where the display area 8.9 m and consists of: 8-lane jogging distance of 400 meters and the land area covered with artificial 8-lane for the 100-meter hurdles track the high jump 2 tracks the triple jump tracks of the disc and shot put and the hammer and javelin football field 100 * 70 stands of viewers: 100,000 people power VIP compartment best 1000 people and be connected directly and pitch the cafeteria to sit down and Salon toilets for spectators entrances and is divided into: entrances viewers and ticket booths VIP entrance Introduction to press small shops Chamber of results Chamber of commentators Press Center includes offices Meeting rooms and follow-up TV recording the results of games room Chamber of referees Studio to give statements and press releases radio Room-keepers and security system and service workers First Aid room and the doctor

Components of the Olympic stadiums and detailed program: dressing rooms consist of: rooms, the difference two rooms for referees 4 rooms for administrators toilets and showers units of massage and processing gym Management of the stadium warehouses and maintenance workshops services corridors design considerations for the Olympic stadiums: an area of the pitch 70 100 meters 8-lane running track length of 400 meters Barriers happened track 8 -lane 100-110 meters Display area 8.9 m usually directs the center of the great stadium from the north-east to south-west, ensuring that viewers behind the sun entries in the Middle Considerations for the study of sound is a tendency among a percentage of the height and width ratio of 1:2 as in the stands to sit 20/40 meters

Components of the Olympic stadiums and detailed program: width of the stairs is calculated on the basis of speed of heavy discharge to the public, emptying 5,000 spectators in 7 minutes so it does not width the stairs for at least 9.5 meters and the following equations illustrate some basic relations width the stairs in meters = number of occupants of the stadium / (discharge time in seconds 1.25) What is required of the individual = width of the stairway (the required period of empty width the stairs) / number of occupants of the stadium When applying the previous equations in the Olympic stadium, we find that the 100,000-capacity stadium, spectators so the time of discharge 140 minutes in case all the spectators out of the gate and one 1-meter display, and this is not the logical Therefore the time of discharge was calculated for the stadium in 15 minutes and after the work of four major gates offer 2.5 meters and 4 offer emergency gates 1.5 m take into account the development of fixed handrails every 5 stairs factor main reducer controller in the degree of absorption of big stadiums is the perfect distance vision and the play away from the center of 60 meters was reached if the limits of vision and 60-meters with a height of a row of seats, which alone is the best 20 meters above the surface of the pitch then accommodation of the stadium already in place 22:20 thousands about.

Stadium location A stadium should be situated in a location which is sufficiently large to provide spacious and safe external public circulation/activity areas and marshaling space for service vehicles and functions. While it is normal for the arrival of spectators at the stadium to be spread over a sufficiently lengthy period to prevent undue congestion near the turnstiles, the majority of spectators will seek to leave the stadium at the same time, resulting in significant space requirements. The availability of sufficient external space will also allow for future extension or redevelopment. As a site becomes more suburban and isolated from public transport, it will have to become larger to accommodate the required additional parking. In this situation, convenient and multiple access to major roads and motorways is essential In an ideal world, the ultimate location would probably be a large city-center site with good access to public transport, major roads and motorways and parking that can be used by others when games are not being played. This reduces the possibility that large parking areas will be used for as little as 100 to 200 hours per year.

Stadium orientation: Great care must be taken regarding the angle of the playing field in relation to the sun and the prevailing weather conditions. Match participants, spectators and media representatives must be protected as much as possible from the glare of the sun. However, the effect of a stadiums roof on the playing field must also be considered.

Stadium orientation: When there is a natural grass pitch, it is critical that there is enough light and air movement to sustain the healthy growth of grass. All sides of the playing field must receive a reasonable amount of direct sunlight. A north-south field orientation is often considered ideal but more sophisticated analysis has led stadium designers to choose an angle equal to the average direction of the sun

Specific safety requirements All parts of the stadium, including entrances, exits, stairways, doors, escape routes, roofs and all public and private areas and rooms must comply with the safety standards of the appropriate local authorities. Public passageways and stairways in the spectator areas should be clearly marked, as should all gates leading from the spectator areas into the playing area and all exit doors and gates leading out of the stadium. All public passageways, corridors, stairs, doors and gates must be kept free of any obstructions that could impede the free flow of spectators. Exit gates should never be locked with a key when spectators are in the stadium. Fire prevention The fire-fighting facilities available within the stadium and the fire precautions must be approved and certified by the local fire authorities Stadium control room Each stadium must have a control room which has an overall view of the inside of the stadium and which must be equipped with public address facilities and television surveillance monitor screens Television surveillance system A modern stadium should be equipped inside and outside with public surveillance color television cameras, mounted in fixed positions with pan and tilt facilities. First aid rooms should be easily accessible for spectators and emergency vehicles.

First aid rooms should: be located in a position which allows easy access from both inside and outside the stadium for spectators and emergency vehicles have doors and passageways leading to them which are wide enough to allow access for a stretcher or a wheelchair have bright lighting, good ventilation, heating, air conditioning, electric sockets, hot and cold water, drinking water and toilet facilities for both sexes have walls and floors (non-slip) constructed of smooth and easily cleanable material have a glass cabinet for medicines have storage space for stretchers, blankets, pillows and first aid materials have a telephone allowing internal and external communication Be clearly signposted inside and outside the stadium.