4-1 Main Idea: The polis or city-state was the central focus of Greek life. The citizens of a polis...
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Transcript of 4-1 Main Idea: The polis or city-state was the central focus of Greek life. The citizens of a polis...
![Page 1: 4-1 Main Idea: The polis or city-state was the central focus of Greek life. The citizens of a polis had defined rights and responsibilities, as well.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649cc35503460f9498c012/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Greek City-States
4-1
Main Idea: The polis or city-state was the central focus of Greek life. The citizens of a polis had defined rights and responsibilities, as well as a strong identity and loyalty that kept the city-states divided.
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Polis: The Center of Greek Life
Polis: city-state and surrounding country-side. Center of political, social, and religious activitieso People who share a common identity and common goalo How might the independence of city-states work against them?
Acropolis: main gathering place, usually a hill. Fortified in case of attack. Religious center-temples/public buildings
Agora: open area below acropolis. People can assemble also used as a market.
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Military Hoplites: heavily armed infantry soldiers, or foot
soldiers. o Round shield o Short swordo Thrusting spearo Marched as a battle unit (rectangle)
Phalanx: unit marched into battle, shoulder to shoulder o Wall of shields for protectiono Hard for enemy to harm them
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Critical Thinking Skills Open to page 113
Look at the image of Ancient Athens
Answer the questions which relate
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Greek Expansion Between 750 B.C.E-550 B.C.E
o Greeks leave their homeland• Overpopulation
Greek Colonies o Southern Italy, Southern France, Eastern Spain, Northern Africa
West of Egypto Thrace, Shores of Black Sea
• Hellespont and Bosporus straits • Byzantium (Constantinople) (Istanbul)
What were the results of Greek colonization?
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Geography Skills Open up to page 115
Answer the questions which relate to the map.
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Tyranny in the City-States
Tyrants: rulers who seized power by force from aristocrats o Not necessarily oppressive o Supported by newly rich merchant class and peasant classes o Launched public work projects and tried to help the poor
• Market places, temples, and wallso Why did tyrants embark on public building projects?
Democracy: government by the people or rule of the many
Oligarchy: Rule by the few
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Two Rival City-States Sparta: Aggressive military city-state on Peloponnesus
peninsulao Conquered Laconians and Messenians - made these people
into Helots: conquered serfs o Highly disciplined o Military schools o Spartan women have greater freedom, power, movement
• Uphold values of Sparta• “come back caring your shield or on it.”
o Oligarchy • Two kings • Ephors: group of 5 men elected each year, responsible for
education and conduct of all citizens • Council: 28 citizens over 60 years of age- decided on issues
presented to• Assembly: male citizens voted on issues
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Two Rival City-States Athens: Located on the Attica peninsula, ruled by a
King, Oligarchy, and finally a Democracyo Council: 500 free Athenians
• Supervised foreign affairs• Treasury• Proposed laws