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© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Presentation_ID 1Cisco Public
Cisco and the Service Provider IP Next-Generation Networks (IP NGN) Journey
EE Day 2008
Dr. Hosein Badran
Senior Consulting Engineer, MEA, Cisco WiMAX Ambassador
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 2
Agenda
Application Convergence
IP NGN Overview
Network Convergence
Cisco IP NGN Leadership
Service Convergence
Service Provider Drivers
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 3
State of the IndustryEconomic Drivers Prevailing—For Some, Survival at Stake
Income Statements “Unbalanced”Traditional revenue streams flat or down due to technology substitution, but not operating expenses
Broadband Promise Under-RealizedGrowth in demand for bandwidth, not yielding growth in revenue
Customer Expectations SoaringWant to pay less, not get less
Hyper-Competition IncreasingOverlap of players increasing, not number of customers
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 4
IPIntelligenceFlexibility
Adaptability
ServicesDifferentiation
Loyalty Revenue
EfficienciesOPEX
CAPEXProfits
ControlService
Network Business
To Address These and Other ChallengesService Providers are Driving Towards…
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 5
Cisco Service Provider VisionConnecting Customers with Services,
Services with Networks,and Networks with Each Other
VPNs Internet Voice and VideoTransportContent
IP Next-Generation Network
Consumer Small/Medium Business Enterprise SP
Wholesale
Mobility
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 6
Characteristics of an Ideal NetworkFusing the Best of Today’s Networks and More
Mobility of the Cellular Network
Ubiquity/Reliability
of the PSTN
Bandwidth of an Optical
Network
Security of a Private
Network
Flexibility of Ethernet
Content Richness of the Internet
Video Delivery of
Cable/Television
IP Next-Generation
Network
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 7
IP NGN JourneyRequires Multiple Layers of Convergence
Mobile
PSTN
BroadbandServices
Optical
High-SpeedInternet
FR / ATM
IP Next-Generation
Network
Common Subscriber
Management
Mobile, WLAN
DSL, Cable,FTTH
Content
Application ConvergenceApplication Convergence
Integration of New Innovative IP D/V/V Services over Broadband for Increased Revenue
Integration of New Innovative IP D/V/V Services over Broadband for Increased Revenue
Service Continuity across Access for Customer Loyaltyand Stickiness
Service Continuity across Access for Customer Loyaltyand Stickiness
ServiceConvergenceServiceConvergence
Network ConvergenceNetwork Convergence
Eliminate Layers in the Network for Increased OpEx/ CapEx Efficiencies
Eliminate Layers in the Network for Increased OpEx/ CapEx Efficiencies
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 8
Highway to Value-Add, Personalized TollwayIP NGN Architecture Analogy
Highways
Recreation
Ope
ratio
nal L
ayer
Residential Business
Personalization Value Add
Traffic ControlServices
Means To Bill
Intelligent Networking
App
licat
ion
Laye
rS
ervi
ce
Laye
rN
etw
ork
Laye
r
For End Customers:Converting Transport to Experiences
For Service Providers:Converting Costs into Revenue
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 9
Cisco IP NGN ArchitectureAchieving a Whole Greater Than the Sum of the Parts
Intelligent Networking
Tele-Presence Collaboration
Presence-Based
Telephony Web ServicesMobile Apps
IPContact Center
IntelligentEdge
CustomerElement
MultiserviceCore
Access/ Aggregation
App
licat
ion
Laye
rS
ervi
ce
Laye
rN
etw
ork
Laye
r
Transport
Ope
ratio
nal L
ayer
Cisco Service
ExchangeFramework
Identity Policy Billing
Mobility
Self Service
Open Framework for Enabling “Any Play” Delivery
(Any service, to any device, to any location)
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 10
Cisco IP NGN Architecture: Functional BlocksIntelligent Networking Unifies the Layers for Greater Service Opportunities
Web ServicesVideo
Business Services
Presence Hosting
Conferencing
Centrex
Content IM
Routing
Multicast
Security
QoS Availability
Performance
ResilienceInterworking
Service AwareL2/L3 VPN
Parlay/BEEP/JAIN
Resource Manager
Identity and Mobility Management
Service Policy and Resource Management
Session and Media Management
Ope
ratio
nal L
ayer
O
pera
tiona
l Lay
er
Intelligent Networking
App
licat
ion
Laye
rS
ervi
ce
Laye
rN
etw
ork
Laye
r
Cisco Service
ExchangeFramework
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 11
Cisco Service
ExchangeFramework
Application Convergence
Intelligent Networking
Tele-Presence Collaboration
Presence-Based
Telephony
Web Services
Mobile Apps
IPContact Center
IntelligentEdge
CustomerElement
MultiserviceCore
Access/ Aggregation
App
licat
ion
Laye
rS
ervi
ce
Laye
rN
etw
ork
Laye
r
Transport
Ope
ratio
nal L
ayer
Identity Policy Billing
Mobility
Self Service
Open Framework for Enabling “Any Play” Delivery
(Any service, to any device, to any location)
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 12
New Service Provider Offer:“Many Services to Many Screens”
At Work, At Home, On The Move
VideoData Voice
Video Conferencing
Digital TV /VOD
VoIPHigh-Speed
Internet /VPN
PDA / Email
Text / Instant Messaging
Custom Ring Tones /
MP3 Player
Push-to-Talk /Intercom
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 13
Enabled by a Cisco IP NGN
Creating New ServicesResidential Broadband Portfolio
Local and Long Distance Voice
~$40/Mo
Home Net ~$10/Mo
Video and xVoD ~$50/Mo
Digital Music~$10/Mo
Wireless Security~$30/Mo
NetPVR~$10/Mo
Gaming ~$7/Mo
Integrated Networks, Content, and Entertainment Services
Teleworker/ Home Business
~$70/Mo
Residential Broadband Access
~$30/Mo
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 14
Creating New IP-Based Services Business Portfolio
Moving Up the Value Chain
Managed Firewall
~$100/Mo/Site
Metro Ethernet
~$75/Mo/Site
Managed IP Telephony
~$40/Mo/Site
Content Distribution ~$50/Mo/Site
Remote Access
~$75/Mo/Site
Managed Router Service
~$250/Mo/Site
IP/MPLS/VPN~$150/Mo/Site
Managed LAN
Service ~$13/Mo/Site
Enabled by a Cisco IP NGN
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 15
Stringent Requirements on Infrastructure
Intelligent Networking Enables Business Success
Integrated• Virtualized Services • Application Aware• Modular Approach• Service Control
Resilient• Multilayer Security• High Availability• Scalable
Adaptive• Self-Provisioning• Self-Optimizing• Self-Defending
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 16
Service Convergence
Intelligent Networking
Tele-Presence Collaboration
Presence-Based
Telephony
Web Services
Mobile Apps
IPContact Center
IntelligentEdge
CustomerElement
MultiserviceCore
Access/ Aggregation
App
licat
ion
Laye
rS
ervi
ce
Laye
rN
etw
ork
Laye
r
Transport
Ope
ratio
nal L
ayer
Identity Policy Billing
Mobility
Self Service
Open Framework for Enabling “Any Play” Delivery
(Any service, to any device, to any location)
Cisco Service
Exchange Framework
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 17
Personalized “Any Play” ExperiencesProviding Means for Service Continuity, Customer Stickiness
Enterprise Home
Small Business PSTN
Branch Office
ASP
Hotel/Airport
MobileWireless
SONETSONET
DPTCABLE DSL DIAL
LR ETHERNET
LR ETHERNET
DWDMDWDM
METROMETRO
On the Move
At Home
At Work
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 18
Service Exchange Framework Making “Any Play” Real
Session and Media Management
Call Control Session Border Control Rich-Media Control Diff Bandwidth & QoS per Session Accounting / Billing
Service Policy and Resource Management Subscriber Policy Application / Chaining Per-Subscriber Service Service Invocation
Identity and Mobility Management User / Device ID Subscriber Awareness Location / Presence Service Registration Audit / Logging
Assured Authentication Device Roaming Service Mobility User Mobility
Cisco Service
ExchangeFramework
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 19
Service Exchange Framework Making “Any Play” Real
Session and Media Management
Call Control Session Border Control Rich-Media Control Diff Bandwidth & QoS per Session Accounting / Billing
Service Policy and Resource Management Subscriber Policy Application / Chaining Per-Subscriber Service Service Invocation
Identity and Mobility Management User / Device ID Subscriber Awareness Location / Presence Service Registration Audit / Logging
Assured Authentication Device Roaming Service Mobility User Mobility
What?What can the user do?
• Within what timeframe
• To what extent
• Under what rules
Who?Who is the user?
• Device
• Profile
• Location
• Presence
Where?Where can the user roam?
• Track/recognize the devices across carriers
• Maintain the session across multiple networks
• Offer all services in all locations
How?How can resources be dynamically controlled?
• Interwork and provide rich media control
• Monitor and charge on a per-service, per-user basis
• Enable application awareness
Cisco Service
ExchangeFramework
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 20
Service Exchange Enables:
• Application and subscriber-level control
• Usage reporting and billing
• Programmability for any current/future customer need
• Mobility management
Control: Turning an Uncontrolled Network …
Cable POP
DSL POP
Mobile POP
Optical POP))))))
))))))
Backbone Network
InternetOSS
Billing NMS
Content Delivery Network
Multimedia Servers
PSTN
Service Exchange
… Into a Controlled Network
Barriers to Harnessing More Profit and Subscriber Loyalty:
• Insufficient information yields an uncertain revenue model
• Network congestion and contention for scarce bandwidth degrades subscriber experience, leading to increased churn
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 21
Efficiencies: Reduced OpEx and CapEx Example: Application Traffic Optimization
Reduction of peer-to-peer traffic delivers: Improved performance and more bandwidth for interactive, billable apps
Reduction of number of support calls with level of service complaints
Reduced Transit CostsReduced Transit Costs
P2P
Web
VideoMore BW for Interactive Apps =
Improved Performance, Reduced Support and Churn
More BW for Interactive Apps =Improved Performance, Reduced
Support and Churn
Actual Customer
Data
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 22
Service Exchange FrameworkOpen Framework for ‘Any Play’ Delivery
• Supports both IMS and non-IMS apps• Enables fixed-mobile convergence• Better app, service, subscriber awareness
• Protects branded services• Expedites speed to service• Open / standard interfaces
Mobile IPCisco Mobile Exchange
VideoVideo & Multicast CAC
Content Delivery System
Cisco PartnersIntegrated Policy Control
Cisco Service ControlCisco BB Policy Manager
Session / Call ControlBTS / PGW / SBC
MGX 8880 Media Gateway
Broadband Aggregation BRAS / ISG
Cisco 10000 / 7x00 / uBR
Security ServicesDDoS Protection
CNS Access Registrar
Cisco Service
ExchangeFramework
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 23
Cost Management, Revenue Creation, and Extensibility
Cisco Service Control Engine 1000/2000
Cisco Service Control EngineOverlaying Intelligence and Application Level Control
Stateful deep packet inspection
Wire-speed analysis and control
Subscriber and application awareness
Integration with OSS and BSS systems
Programmable Element Enabling:
Granular usage analysis
Application-level traffic optimization
Service-level security
Tiered services and access control
Content charging
‘Any Play for Experiences’ service enablement on a converged network
Delivering:
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 24
Cisco Call Session Control Platform Delivering Rich Multimedia SIP-Based Communications
EnterpriseCable/DSL
Cisco Service Engine Data, Routing, Service Integration
Application Servers e.g., Voice Services, 3rd Party Call Control
Cisco Edge Proxy Access Management
Cisco Name Resolution Server Inter-Domain Routing
Presence Server Real-Time Subscriber Status
3G DataWiFi
Cisco Call Session Control Platform Cisco Call Session Control Platform
Presence• Presence-Enabled Buddy List• Presence-Enabled Call Routing
Portals• Push-to-Portal• Content Location and Delivery• Information Alerts
Dispatch• Desktop PTT• Fleet Management• Customer Service
Advanced Applications• Developer Program• Gaming• Buddy Finder
Basic Calling• One-to-One Calls• Group Calls• Buddy Lists• Voice and Video
Value Increases as Features are Added to the Base Functionality
Other Carrier
PSTNPLMN
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 25
Cisco Call Session Control Platform CustomersCustomer Examples
Network Service
PCS Ready Link (POC)
Nationwide “Push-to-Talk” Walkie Talkie-like Service
Mobile Telephony
First Nationwide Push-to-Talk Service in Mexico (called RadioUnefon)
U.S.
Mexico
Integrated VoIP(Local & Long
Distance)
The world’s first 100% IP local phone network
U.S.
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 26
IP NGN Video Networking Leadership
Optimize investments with industry first asymmetric nxGE video networking
Asymmetric EtherChannel
Unidirectional link routing
Integrated 1GE, 10GE optics
Unmatched video to network linkage for better customer experience
Enhanced multicast for better channel switching time
IGMP v2 to v3 mapping for security, scalability, flexibility, simplicity
NGDigitalVideo
ControlPlane
GigE Transport
GigE Switching
Video Services
GigECntrl
Integrated Optics
OptimizedGigE
Digital Broadcast
Video Intelligence
Cisco 7600/Catalyst:Intelligent Video Edge
Cisco Video Networking
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 27
Unmatched Cisco IP GigE Video Experience
neuf telecom, FranceNational Metro Network, more than 50% nationwide coverage
NeufTV and CanalSAT offer digital quality TV over DSL
QoS-enabled, intelligent video distribution
10M+ VoD Subscribers
Hong Kong Broadband
National
Metro IP / 10G Ethernet Core
Regional IP
Metro EthernetNext-Gen DSLAM
FT PoP
STBSTB
Cisco 7600
Catalyst 3550STBSTB
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 28
Cisco Service
ExchangeFramework
Network Convergence
Intelligent Networking
Tele-Presence Collaboration
Presence-Based
Telephony
Web Services
Mobile Apps
IPContact Center
IntelligentEdge
CustomerElement
MultiserviceCore
Access/ Aggregation
App
licat
ion
Laye
rS
ervi
ce
Laye
rN
etw
ork
Laye
r
Transport
Ope
ratio
nal L
ayer
Identity Policy Billing
Mobility
Self Service
Open Framework for Enabling “Any Play” Delivery
(Any service, to any device, to any location)
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 29
Technology Strategy
Faster Lasting
Smarter
Products Systems Solutions
“20 Years of Innovation”
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 30
Cisco IP NGN Technology Spanning Secure Network Layer
PSTN Internet/ VPN
TV / Video / Content Data CenterInter SP WorkingIn
ter-
conn
ect
Multiservice Core
Cisco ONS15600 MSPP
Cisco CRS-1
Cisco 12000
CustomerElement
Mobile
Home Networking
Linksys / Scientific Atlanta
Hot Spot
Enterprise/ Branch
Cisco ISR
Small/Medium Business
Hosted / Managed ISR / IPT
Aironet
Intelligent Edge
Cisco ONS15454 MSTP / MSPP
Cisco 12000
Cisco 7x00
Cisco 10000
Tra
nspo
rt
Access/ Aggregation
Cisco uBR Cisco 10000
Cable / DSL
Cisco Catalsyt Cisco 7600
Cisco ONS 153xx
Cisco MGX Cisco AS5XXX
Frame Relay / ATMMedia Gateway
IP RAN / STP
Wireless
Metro Ethernet
QoSSecurityMulticast
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 31
Access-Agnostic Convergence
PSTN Internet/ VPN
TV / Video / Content Data CenterInter SP WorkingIn
ter-
conn
ect
Multiservice Core
Cisco ONS15600 MSPP
Cisco CRS-1
CustomerElement
Mobile
Home Networking
Linksys / Scientific Atlanta
Hot Spot
Enterprise/ Branch
Cisco ISR
Small/Medium Business
Hosted / Managed ISR / IPT
Aironet
Access/ Aggregation
Intelligent Edge
Cisco ONS15454 MSTP / MSPP
Cisco 12000
Cisco 7x00
Cisco 10000Convergence
Tra
nspo
rt
Cisco uBR Cisco 10000
Cable / DSL
Cisco Catalsyt Cisco 7600
Cisco ONS 153xx
Cisco MGX Cisco AS5XXX
Frame Relay / ATMMedia Gateway
IP RAN / STP
Wireless
Metro Ethernet
ConvergenceMultiple
Emerging Technologies
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 32
Radio Networks
Signaling Networks
Roaming Exchanges
IP Media Partners
UMTS / HSPA
CDMA
Wireless Mesh
WiMAX
WiFiITPITPITPITP
IP Transfer Point
Content Services Gateway
Service Control
Session Border
Controller
Corporate VPNs
Subscriber Profiles
Policies
Billing AAA
Logging
DNS
VoIP
VoD
Broadcast
Music
Location Services
News Portals
GGSN
PDSN
ASN-GW
Wireless LAN
Controller
Mobile Service ExchangeIP Anchor
PointIP Service
Control
Multiservice IP/MPLS Core
Internal Services and Operations External Services
Application Partners
Subscriber Packet Gateways
Mobile IP Home Agent
Internet
Persistent Roaming Across Wireless Access Networks Subscriber-Differentiated IP Service Delivery
Cisco IP Next Generation NetworksIP Forms the Foundation for True Mobility for WiMAX
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 332004 2005 2006 2007
Integrated Security
Unified Communications
Application Aware Networking
Integrated Communications
DMVPN NAC
SSL VPN Incident Control System
Secure Device Manager
2M Sold1M SoldISR Introduced
Group Encrypted VPNAIM VPN-SSL
Customer Element / Business CPEEvolution of Cisco Integrated Services Router (ISR)
Cisco Security Manager
SIP Phone Support Secure Voice
SIP Trunk Support
Multi-language voicemail
Integrated Messaging Voice XML
Integrated Video QCT 3.0
WAFS AON on ISR Network Analysis Module
WAAS NAM
Integrated switching with PoE, StackWise stacking Unified WLAN switching, 802.11a/b/g
DOCSIS Cable Satellite Module
G.SHDSL
Linux Services Engine
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 34
Cisco’s New Integrated Services Routers
5X Service Density, 10X Performance,
4X Memory
Performance with Services
Embedded Security, Integrated with Voice
Network Availability and Resilience
Integrated Services Routers
Embedded Security and Voice in Branch and Small Office Routers
Concurrent Wire-Speed Services
Compatibility with Existing Router Modules
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 35
Customer Element Evolution of the Home Network: Separate to Converged
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 36
Accelerating VoIP Migration Leading Cisco CPE Solutions Drive Voice Growth
Linksys achieves 1,000,000+ VoIP ports in six months (as of March 2005)
Includes analog telephone adaptors and VoIP routers
Fastest selling technology and product line in Linksys history
Integrated series router (ISR) ramps quickly—on track for $1B annual run rate (as of February 2005)
20% of ISR sales volume attributed to voice solutions
40% of ISR sales volume attributed to security solutions
Cisco ISR
Relationships with leading VoIP providers:
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 37
Core/EdgeEvolution Blurring Boundaries
VirtualizationService flexibility ScalabilityContinuous operationManagement Investment protectionSecurity
IP/MPLSCore
FR/ATM/LL
VoIP
Intelligent Edge
MetroEthernet Firewall
Video
L3 VPN
One Network, Many Services
L2 VPN
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 38
What Is IPoDWDM?
IPoDWDM is a new network model which integrates the Transponder within the Router Blade
This reduces both Cap as well as OP Ex while increasing network scalability, flexibility and time to market
Integration of the DWDM transponder onto the Router blade allows for a robust, intelligent network
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 39
IP-over-DWDM Converged NGN Transport
Packet layer convergence to IP/MPLS has delivered CapEx & OpEx savings in core networks
WDM layer convergence has enabled CapEx & OpEx savings in multi-service metro networks
Significant additional Significant additional CapEx/OpEx saving can be CapEx/OpEx saving can be delivered by converging the delivered by converging the IP and optical layers!IP and optical layers!
Video Voice Data
IP / MPLS
TDM
DWDM
services
SAN Other
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 40
Why IPoDWDM
40G DWDM
40G DWDM
TXRX
TXRX
TXRX
TXRX
TXRX
40GDWDMTX
RX
TXRX
TXRX
OC768-SR
40GDWDM
OC768-SR
OC768-ITU OC768-ITU
Transponder Transponder
1 2 3 5
1 2
4
Next Gen.: IPoDWDM
Traditional Model: External Transponder
6
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 41
Why IPoDWDM Performance, CapEx, OpEx
Increased Performance
4x increase in throughput for existing 10G DWDM systems
Lower CapEx
50% optics reduction
Lower OpEx
Fewer shelves (space, cooling, power, management), fewer interconnects
Enhanced resiliency
Fewer devices, fewer active components, fewer interconnects
BeforeBefore
CRS-1CRS-1 ROADMROADMTransponderTransponder
Transponder Integrated into CRS-1
Transponder Integrated into CRS-1
CRS-1CRS-1
DW
DM
I/F
ROADMROADM
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 42
Layered IP POPLayered IP POP
IP NGN POP Consolidation
Core
Services Edge
Distribution
Peering
ROADM
Access / Aggregation
Transponder
Capex/Opex reduction, Increased Service Flexibility
IPoDWDM ConsolidationIPoDWDM Consolidation
Core
Services Edge
ROADM
Access / Aggregation
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicPresentation_ID 43