© 2004 Population Reference Bureau Population Structures by Age and Sex, 2005 Millions Less...

© 2004 Population Reference Bureau

Population Structures by Age and Sex, 2005 Millions

Less Developed Regions

More Developed Regions

Male Female Male Female

80+ 75-79 70-74 65-69 60-64 55-59 50-54 45-49 40-44 35-39 30-34 25-29 20-24 17-19 10-16

5-90-4

Age

Source: United Nations, World Population Prospects: The 2002 Revision (medium scenario), 2003.

Age Distribution of the World’s Population


Rates of birth, death, and natural increase per 1,000 population

Natural Increase


Birth and Death Rates, Worldwide


Desire for Smaller Families

Women With Two Children Who Say They Want No More ChildrenPercent

Source: ORC Macro, Demographic and Health Surveys, 1988-2000.


Millions

Source: United Nations, World Urbanization Prospects: The 2003 Revision (medium scenario), 2004.

1950 2000 2015

Largest Cities, Worldwide


Trends in Aging, by World Region

Population Ages 65 and OlderPercent



Life Expectancy at Birth, in Years


Trends in Life Expectancy, by Region


Trends in Population Growth Worldwide

Population Increase and Growth Rate, Five-Year PeriodsM

illio

ns

Perc

en

t in

crease

per

year



Worldwide


Women of Childbearing Age and Fertility


Number of years to add each billion (year)

All of Human History (1800)

123 (1930)

33 (1960)

15 (1975)

12 (1987)12 (1999)13 (2012)16 (2028)

26 (2054)

Sources: First and second billion: Population Reference Bureau. Third through ninth billion: United Nations, World Population in 2300 (medium scenario), 2003.

World Population Growth, in Billions


A.D.2000

A.D.1000

A.D.1

1000B.C.

2000B.C.

3000B.C.

4000B.C.

5000B.C.

6000B.C.

7000B.C.

1+ million years

8

7

6

5

2

1

4

3

OldStoneAge New Stone Age

BronzeAge

IronAge

MiddleAges

ModernAge

Black Death—The Plague

9

10

11

12

A.D.3000

A.D.4000

A.D.5000

18001900

1950

1975

2000

2100

Future

Billions

Source: Population Reference Bureau; and United Nations, World Population Projections to 2100 (1998).

World Population Growth Through History

DemographicsDemographicsApplying The NumbersApplying The Numbers

Chapter #8 – Global ConnectionsChapter #8 – Global Connections

World Population Patterns & TrendsWorld Population Patterns & Trends

When demographers examine the worlWhen demographers examine the worldd ’’s population, they see s population, they see FIVEFIVE major major trends: trends:

Large and Growing LargerLarge and Growing Larger Growing Population DisparityGrowing Population Disparity Declining Growth/Increasing NumbersDeclining Growth/Increasing Numbers Changing Age StructureChanging Age Structure Movement Towards The CitiesMovement Towards The Cities

Population Density & DistributionPopulation Density & Distribution

Population DensityPopulation Density – the average number – the average number of people living in a specific unit of land.of people living in a specific unit of land.

Population DistributionPopulation Distribution – determines – determines where those people live.where those people live.

There Are Two Population Density Types:There Are Two Population Density Types:

Arithmetic Population DensityArithmetic Population Density Physiologic Population DensityPhysiologic Population Density

Arithmetic Population DensityArithmetic Population Density Refers to the exact number of people in Refers to the exact number of people in

a certain area of the land.a certain area of the land. These statistics are always presented These statistics are always presented

as number of people per square as number of people per square kilometers/miles.kilometers/miles.

This statistic provides you with a fairly This statistic provides you with a fairly accurate idea of how crowded a accurate idea of how crowded a country is.country is.

However, in many cases this statistic However, in many cases this statistic provides a false impression. Why?provides a false impression. Why?

Canada has an arithmetic population Canada has an arithmetic population density of 3.3 per square kilometer. density of 3.3 per square kilometer.

Total PopulationTotal Population = = 30,600,00030,600,000 = 3.3= 3.3Total Land AreaTotal Land Area 9,220,970 km 9,220,970 km22

3.3 people/km3.3 people/km2 2 would suggest Canadawould suggest Canada’’s s population is very dispersed; however we population is very dispersed; however we know that this is not the case.know that this is not the case.

The majority of CanadaThe majority of Canada’’s population lives s population lives in a narrow strip above the US border in a narrow strip above the US border while the rest of the country is relatively while the rest of the country is relatively empty. empty.

3.3 people per km² 3.3 people per km² (Really?)(Really?)

Where in Canada Do people live?Where in Canada Do people live?

The factors that tend to attract low The factors that tend to attract low population densities (Constraints)population densities (Constraints)

Extreme climate - too cold, hot, wet Extreme climate - too cold, hot, wet

or dry or dry Extreme relief - too high and too Extreme relief - too high and too

steep steep Extreme remoteness - places that Extreme remoteness - places that

are difficult to reach are difficult to reach Infertile landInfertile land

The factors that can produce a The factors that can produce a high population density high population density

(Opportunities)(Opportunities) Moderate ClimateModerate Climate Fertile farming land - many, small farms able to Fertile farming land - many, small farms able to

support a large population support a large population Mineral resources - mines produce jobs, and Mineral resources - mines produce jobs, and

provide raw materials for other industries provide raw materials for other industries Low land - with gentle slopes or flat ground Low land - with gentle slopes or flat ground Good water supply Good water supply Wealthier areas - people will move to where the Wealthier areas - people will move to where the

jobs and money are found jobs and money are found

Because of arithmetic inaccuracies Because of arithmetic inaccuracies Physiologic Population Density is also Physiologic Population Density is also calculated.calculated.

Physiologic describes population density Physiologic describes population density relative to the amount of cultivated land relative to the amount of cultivated land a country has.a country has.

Cultivated land represents an area of Cultivated land represents an area of highly occupied land. highly occupied land.

(Canada=64.3 people/km(Canada=64.3 people/km22))

Total PopulationTotal Population = = 30,600,00030,600,000 =64.3 =64.3Cultivated LandCultivated Land 455,000 km 455,000 km22

Physiologic Population DensityPhysiologic Population Density

Population DistributionPopulation Distribution Refers to the location of a population Refers to the location of a population

and how they have arranged and how they have arranged themselves on the land.themselves on the land.

Geographers try to understand why Geographers try to understand why people live close together in certain people live close together in certain areas of the country.areas of the country.

People settle where they can: People settle where they can:

a) Survive a) Survive b) Prosperb) Prosper The areas of greatest population The areas of greatest population

concentration are known as concentration are known as heartlandsheartlands..

Which three parts of the world Which three parts of the world do most people live in?do most people live in?

© 2004 Population Reference Bureau Population Structures by Age and Sex, 2005 Millions Less...

Documents

Transcript of © 2004 Population Reference Bureau Population Structures by Age and Sex, 2005 Millions Less...