© 2002 Global Knowledge Network, Inc. All rights reserved.Windows Server 2003 MCSA and MCSE Upgrade

Clustering Servers

© 2002 Global Knowledge Network, Inc. All rights reserved.

Understanding ClusteringUnderstanding Clustering

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Protection against downtime Application/service failure System/hardware failure Downtime due to planned maintenance

Group of independent systems that appear as a single logical system under a single name space

Based on the stable “Shared Nothing Model”

What is clustering

Why use clustering

© 2002 Global Knowledge Network, Inc. All rights reserved.

Clustering - InstallationClustering - Installation

By default, Cluster Services are installed

Basic configuration done with Cluster Administrator Configure nodes remotely

(create or join) Join multiple nodes at

once New analysis phase Detects problems with

hardware configuration Detects issues with

software configuration

© 2002 Global Knowledge Network, Inc. All rights reserved.

Clustering – Troubleshooting InstallationClustering – Troubleshooting Installation

Issues with software configuration NLB configured on the nodes – not allowed Terminal Services in Application mode – supported

but no fail over TS Domain access for service account - required Version and type of joining nodes – you can have

Windows 2000 and Windows 2003 nodes

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Understanding Load BalancingUnderstanding Load Balancing

Balance IP traffic across nodesTCP/IP and related protocols onlyMaximum of 32 systems/nodesExample uses: HTTP, FTP, and so onSupported on all editions of Windows 2003

© 2002 Global Knowledge Network, Inc. All rights reserved.

NLB RequirementsNLB Requirements

1 MB of disk space and 4 MB of RAMTCP/IP ProtocolFDDI, Ethernet LAN, or Gigabit EthernetHosts must reside on same subnetCan be enabled on multiple NICs per machineAll cluster nodes operate in either Unicast or

Multicast mode but not both

© 2002 Global Knowledge Network, Inc. All rights reserved.

NLB – How does It Work?NLB – How does It Work?

NLB resides between NIC driver TCP/IPEach packet coming in goes to every nodeNodes will drop packets according to rules and

algorithm

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NLB – Unicast ModeNLB – Unicast Mode

Single MAC address usedMAC used is virtual/shared MACAlways starts with 02-bfCan’t communicate with other nodes on NIC with

NLB installedDefault setting

© 2002 Global Knowledge Network, Inc. All rights reserved.

NLB – Multicast ModeNLB – Multicast Mode

Uses both virtual/shared MAC and dedicated MACVirtual MAC always starts with 03-bfAbility to communicate with other nodes on NIC

that NLB is installed

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Network Load BalancingNetwork Load Balancing

Stateless Applications – FTP, VPNs, Front end Web servers

No long running in memory state Each client is treated as an

independent operation Read only data or data that

changes infrequently

Up to 32 servers supported

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Server ClusterServer Cluster

Stateful Applications - SQL, Exchange Long running in memory state Frequently updated data

Up to 8 servers supported

Cluster’s configuration

database –tells the cluster

which node is currently active

© 2002 Global Knowledge Network, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Network Load Balancing

Network Load Balancing

Two-node database cluster

Two-node database cluster

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NLB and ClusteringNLB and Clustering

Stateful applicationStateful applicationStateless applicationStateless application

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