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ntw;wpf;F top

(Way to Success)

r%f mwptpay;

muRj;Nju;T rpwg;Gf; ifNaL

jahupg;G: jpU. Ng.rPdpthrd; M.A, M.Ed, M.C.A., M.A(Yoga) jahupg;gpy; cjtp: jpU.Nj.rptNdrd; M.A., B.Ed.

jahupg;gpy; cjtp: jpU.Nf.rpd;dg;gd; M.A., M.Sc., B.Ed.

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tiyjsk; : www.waytosuccess.org ghl cjtpf; Fwpg;Gfis vkJ ,izajsj;jpypUe;J ,ytrkhf gjptpwf;fpf;nfhs;syhk;

Fwpg;G: ,e;j Gj;jfk; jukhf tu Ntz;Lk; vd;w Nehf;fpy; ,ad;wtiu jtWfspd;wp njhFj;J toq;fpAs;Nshk;. mtw;iwAk; kPwp rpy jtWfs; cq;fSf;Fj; njd;glyhk;. mt;thW VNjDk; jtWfs; ,Ue;jhy; vq;fsJ kpd;dQ;ry; Kftupf;F ([email protected]) clNd njuptpf;fTk;. Gj;jfj;jpy; cs;s jtWfSf;fhd jpUj;jq;fs; mt;tg;NghJ vq;fsJ www.waytosuccess.org tiyjsj;jpy; ntspaplg;gl;L mit mt;tg;NghJ update nra;ag;gLk; vd;gijAk;> mLj;jLj;j gjpg;Gfspy; mit rup nra;ag;gl;L tpLk; vd;gijAk; njuptpj;Jf;nfhs;fpNwhk;.

வெற்றிக்கு ெழி (Way to Success)

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nghUslf;fk; 1 xU kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs; (njupTtif) 5 2 xU kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs; (nghUj;Jf) 15 3 ,uz;L kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs; (rpWtpdh) 19 4 NtWgLj;Jf 39 5 jiyg;G tpdhf;fs; 43 6 Ie;J kjpg;ngz; ngU tpdhf;fs; 52 7 fhyf;NfhL 79 8 epytiuglk; 81 9 muRj;Nju;T tpdhj;jhs;fs; khu;r; 2014-16 87

md;ghd khzth;fNs !!! tzf;fk;. gj;jhk; tFg;G r%fmwptpay; rpwg;Gf; ifNaL jw;NghJ cq;fs; ifapy; jto;fpwJ. khzth;fs; r%f mwptpay; ghlj;ij Gupe;J nfhz;L Rygkhfg; gbg;gjw;Fk;> muRj; Njh;tpy; mjpf kjpg;ngz; ngw vOj Ntz;ba Kiwg;gb (Good Presentation) vOJtjw;Fk; Vw;w tifapy;> ePq;fs; gbf;f Ntz;ba Fiwe;jgl;r tpdhtpilfNshL ,e;j ifNaL tbtikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

muRj;Njh;T tpdhj;jhs; tbtikg;G

gphpT gFjp tpdh vz;

tpdh tif Nfl;fg;gLk; tpdhf;fs;

vOj Ntz;bait

kjpg;ngz;fs;

gphpT I gFjp I 1 – 14 njupT tpdh (xU kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs;)

14 14 14

gFjp II 15 nghUj;Jf (xU kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs;)

10 10 10

gphpT II gFjp I 16 – 23 tuyhW - rpW tpdh (2 kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs;) 8 4 8

gFjp II 24 – 25 Fbikapay; - rpW tpdh (2 kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs;) 2 1 2

gFjp III 26 – 33 Gtpapay; - rpW tpdh (2 kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs;) 8 4 8

gFjp IV 34 – 35 nghUspapay; - rpW tpdh (2 kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs;) 2 1 2

gphpT III gFjp I 36 – 43 Gtpapay; - NtWgLj;Jf (2 kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs;)

8 4 8

gphpT IV gFjp I 44 – 47 tuyhW – jiyg;G tpdh (4 kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs;)

4 2 8

gphpT V gFjp I 48 ngU tpdh – tuyhW (5 kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs;)

3 1 5

gFjp II 49 ngU tpdh – Fbikapay; (5 kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs;)

3 1 5

gFjp III 50 ngU tpdh – Gtpapay; (5 kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs;)

3 1 5

gFjp IV 51 ngU tpdh – nghUspapay;; (5 kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs;)

3 1 5

gphpT VI gFjp I 52 fhyf;NfhL – tuyhW (5 kjpg;ngz; tpdh)

1 1 5

gphpT VII gFjp I 53

tiuglk; - tuyhW m.,e;jpah my;yJ M.Mrpah/INuhg;gh –5 ,lq;fs; 5 kjpg;ngz; tpdh

2(5) 1(5) 5

gFjp II 54 tiuglk; - Gtpapay; (15 ,lq;fs; 10 kl;Lk;) – 10 kjpg;ngz; tpdh

1(15) 1(10) 10

nkhj;jk; 54 39 100



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gphpT thupahd kjpg;ngz; xJf;fPL tpdh tif tuyhW Fbikapay; Gtpapay; nghUspay; nkhj;jk;

xU kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs; (njupTtif) 4 3 4 3 14 xU kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs; (nghUj;Jf) 5 5 10 ,uz;L kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs; (rpWtpdh) 8 2 8 2 20 NtWgLj;Jf 8 8 jiyg;G tpdhf;fs; 8 8 Ie;J kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs; (ngU tpdh) 5 5 5 5 20 fhyf;NfhL 5 5 tiuglk; 5 10 15 nkhj;jk; 40 10 40 10 100

ghlthupahf kjpg;ngz; xJf;fPL (nkhj;j kjpg;ngz; - 100)

gphpT ghl vz;

ghlk;

njupT tpdh

nghUj;Jf

rpW tpdh

NtWgLj;Jf

jiyg;G

tpdh

ngU

tpdh

fhy

f;Nf

hL

tiuglk;

tuyhW

1 Vfhjpgj;jpak; 1 1(2) 1(4)

1(5)

1(5) 2 Kjy; cyfg; Nghh; 1 1(2) 1(5) 1(5) 3 nghUshjhu ngUke;jk;

1 1(2)

1(4)

4 ,j;jhypapy; ghrprk; 5 n[h;kdpapy; ehrprk; 6 ,uz;lhk; cyfg; Nghh;

1 1(2)

1(5) 1(5)

1(5) 7 If;fpa ehLfs; rig 8 INuhg;gpa xd;wpak; 9 1857 Gul;rp 1 1(2)

1(4)

10 19 Mk; E}w;whz;L rPh;jpUj;j ,af;fq;fs; 1 1(2) 11 ,e;jpa tpLjiy ,af;fk; 1885 – 1919

1 1(2)

1(4) 1(5) 1(5) 1(5)

12 ,e;jpa tpLjiy ,af;fk; 1920 – 1947 13 jkpo;ehl;by; tpLjiy ,af;fk; 14 jkpo;ehl;by; rKjha khw;wq;fs; 2 1(2)

Fbikapay;

1 ,e;jpahTk; cyf mikjpAk; 1 1(2) 1(5) 2 kf;fshl;rp

1 1(2)

1(5)

3 Ntw;Wikapy; xw;Wik 4 Efh;Nthh; chpikfs; 1 - 1(5)

Gtpapay;

1 ,e;jpah–miktplKk; ,aw;if mikg;Gk; 1 1(2) 1(2) 1(5)

6 2 ,e;jpah – fhyepiy 1 1(2) 1(2) 1 3 ,e;jpah - ,aw;if tsq;fs; 2 1(2) 1(2) 2 4 ,e;jpah – Ntshz; njhopy;fs; 1 1(2) 1(2)

1(5)

2 5 ,e;jpah – njhopyfq;fs; 1 1(2) 1(2) 2 6 Rw;Wr; #oy; gpur;ridfs; 1 1(2) 1(2)

7 ,e;jpah-tzpfk;> Nghf;Ftuj;J> jfty; njhlh;G

1 1(2) 2(4) 1

8 njhiy Ez;Zzh;T 1 1(2)

- 1(5)

9 Nguplu; mghaNeu;T Fiwg;G -

nghUspapay; 1 ehl;L tUkhdk; 1 1(2) 1(5) 2 tpLjiyf;F gpd; ,e;jpa nghUshjhuk; 2 1(2) 2(10)

nkhj;j tpdhf;fs; - kjpg;ngz;fs; 24(24) 20(40) 8(16) 4(16) 12(60) 1(5) 2(25) tpilaspf;f Ntz;ba tpdhf;fs;-kjpg;ngz;fs; 24(24) 10(20) 4(8) 2(8) 4(20) 1(5) 2(15)

kPj;jpwd; khzth;fSf;fhd MNyhridfs; : ghlk; KOtijAk; Fwpg;ngLj;J gbAq;fs;. Fwpg;Gfis mt;tg;NghJ vLj;J ghh;itapl;L mij

epidTg;gLj;jpf; nfhs;Sq;fs;. GupjYf;F Kf;fpaj;Jtk; nfhLq;fs;> FUl;L kdg;ghlk; nra;ahjPh;fs;. tpdhj;jhs; tbtikg;gpid ed;F ftdpj;J jpl;lkpl;L jahh; nra;Jnfhs;Sq;fs;. ,Jtiu eilngw;w muRj; Njh;Tfspy; Nfl;fg;gl;l tpdhf;fSf;fhd tpilfis gbAq;fs;.



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xU kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fSf;fhd tpilfs; KOtijAk; Kjy; ,uz;L gf;fj;jpNyNa vOjp tpLq;fs;. ,uz;L kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fSf;F Fiwe;jJ 2 Kjy; 4 tiu Fwpg;Gfs; nfhLq;fs;. ,uz;L kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fspy; rhpahf 10 tpdhf;fSf;F kl;Lk; tpilaspAq;fs;. vf;fhuzk;

nfhz;Lk; cq;fSf;F njupAk; vd;gjw;fhf $Ljyhf vOjhjPh;fs;. Ie;J kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fSf;F Fiwe;jJ 5 cl;jiyg;Gfspy; gjpy; mspAq;fs;. nfhQ;rk; jpl;lkpl;L jahupj;jhy; epr;rak; r%f mwptpay; ghlj;jpy; rpwe;j kjpg;ngz;fisg;

ngw;WtpLtPh;fs;. ePq;fs; ey;y rpwg;ghd kjpg;ngz;fis ngw;W tho;f;ifapYk; ntw;wpngw cq;fis tho;j;JfpNwhk;.

nky;y fw;NghUf;fhd MNyhridfs; r%f mwptpay; ghlj;jpy; Rygkhf Njh;r;rp ngw;W ey;y kjpg;ngz;fSk; ngwKbAk; vd;gij

Kjypy; ek;Gq;fs;. nfhQ;rk; Kaw;rpAk; gapw;rpAk; nra;jhy; NghJk;.

gpd;tUk; ml;ltizapy; cs;s 3 ghlq;fisAk; mjw;Fg; gpd; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s tiuglk; fhyf;NfhL Nghd;wtw;iwAk; Gupe;J gbj;J itj;Jf; nfhz;lhy; Njh;tpy; 40 kjpg;ngz;fis Rygkhfg; ngw;Wtpl KbAk;.

ghl vz; gphpT ghlk;

xU kjpg;ngz; tpdh

rpW tpdh

ngU tpdh nkhj;jk;

2 nghUspapay; tpLjiyf;Fg; gpd; ,e;jpag; nghUshjhuk; 2 2 5 9 1 Fbikapay; ,e;jpahTk; cyf mikjpAk; 1 2 5 8 8 Gtpapay; njhiy Ez;Zzh;T 1 2 5 8 4 6 15 25

tuyhW 11 kw;Wk; 12 Mk; ghlq;fspy; cs;s 1885 Kjy; 1950 tiu cs;s Fwpg;GfisAk; tiugl ,lq;fisAk; gbj;Jf; nfhz;lhy; 10 kjpg;ngz;fs; vspjhfg; ngw;Wtplyhk;. fhyf;NfhL 1885-1920> 1900-1920> 1920-1940> 1930-1950 vt;tif tpdhf;fs; Nfl;lhYk; 7 Fwpg;Gfs;

epidTgLj;jpf;nfhz;lhy; NghJkhdJ 5 kjpg;ngz;fs; epr;rak; tuyhW 1857 Gul;rp kw;Wk; tuyhw;W Njrpa epfo;r;rpfs; ele;j ,lq;fSf;F Kf;fpaJtk; je;J

gbj;jhy; 5 kjpg;ngz; ngw;Wtplyhk;. Gtpapay; Kjy; ghlj;jpy; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s tiuglq;fis ed;F kdjpy;

gjpaitj;Jf;nfhz;lhy; 5 kjpg;ngz; ngwyhk;. kiyfs;> MWfs;> gPlG+kpfs;> tisFlh> jPTfs;> flw;fiu> fhLfs;> JiwKfq;fs; Mfpatw;iw gbj;J itj;Jf;nfhz;lhy; epr;rak; 8 kjpg;ngz;fs; ngwyhk;.

Gj;jf tpdhf;fSf;F Kf;fpaj;Jtk; nfhLj;J gbAq;fs;. 75 rjtPjk; tpdhf;fs; Gj;jfj;jpy; ghlj;jpd; gpd;dhy; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s tpdhf;fNs Nfl;fg;gLfpd;wd.

muRj;Njh;tpy; rpwg;ghd kjpg;ngz;fis ngw tho;j;JfpNwhk;.

muRj;Nju;Tf;fhd fhy Nkyhz;ik (Time Management): tpdh vz; tpdhf;fs; nkhj;j tpdhf;fs; kjpg;ngz; epkplq;fs; Neuk;

1-14 rhpahd tpil 14 14 10 9.30 - 9.40 15 nghUj;Jf 10 10 10 9.40 - 9.50 16-35 rpW tpdh 10 20 30 9.50 - 10.50 36-43 NtWgLj;Jf 4 8 15 10.20 - 10.35 44-47 jiyg;G tpdh 2 8 10 10.35 - 10.45 48-51 ngU tpdh 4 20 40 10.45 - 11.25 52 fhyf;NfhL 5 5 5 11.25 - 11.30 53 tuyhW – tiuglk; 5 5 5 11.30 - 11.35 54 Gtpapay; – tiuglk; 10 10 10 11.35 - 11.45 nkhj;jk; 100 135

11.45 Kjy; 12.00 tiu jpUg;Gjy; - mbf;NfhbLjy; - tpil Kbtpy; NfhbLjy; Kjypad

rpwg;ghf nray;gl;lhy; ntw;wp cWjp muRj;Nju;tpy; rpwe;j kjpg;ngz; ngw tho;j;JfpNwhk;

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10-k; tFg;G r%ftpay; xU kjpg;ngz; njupT tpdhf;fs; ntw;wpf;F top

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xU kjpg;ngz; njupT tpdhf;fs; - tuyhW

1. Vfhjpgj;jpak; - ,e;jpah> rPdh

1. n[h;kdp kw;Wk; ,j;jhyp xd;wpizf;fg;gl;l Mz;L (JU-13) m) 1870 M) 1872 ,) 1780 <) 1782

2. %yg;nghUl;fspd; Njitia mjpfg;gbahf cUthf;fpaJ. (AP-12,16, JU-12, SE-14) m) njhopw;Gul;rp M) jfty; njhopy ;El;g Gul;rp ,) gpnuQ;R Gul;rp <) Ntshz;ikg; Gul;rp

3. 1870 Kjy; 1945 tiu INuhg;gpa ehLfs; gpd;gw;wpa Vfhjpgj;jpaf; nfhs;if m)etPd Vfhjpgj;jpak; M)murpay; Vfhjpgj;jpak; ,)Gjpa Vfhjpgj;jpak; <),uhZt Vfhjpgj;jpak;

4. rPdh murpay; uPjpahd Rje;jpuk; ngw;w Ml;rpf; fhyk; m) rpd; Ml;rpfhyk; M) \hq; Ml;;rpfhyk; ,) # Ml;rpfhyk; <) kQ;R Ml;rpfhyk;

5. nghUs;fspd; Nghf;Ftuj;ij mjpfhpf;fr; nra;jJ. (AP-13, JU-14) m) ,uapy;Nt M) rhiy ,) thd; <) ePh;

6. INuhg;gpa ehLfspy; “nry;thf;if epiyehl;Ljy;” vd;w nfhs;ifiag; gpd;gw;wpaJ. m) [g;ghd; M) rPdh ,) ,e;jpah <) gh;kh

7. Mq;fpy fpof;fpe;jpa tzpff;FO Njhw;Wtpf;fg;gl;l Mz;L (SE-13) m) fp.gp.1600 M) fp.gp.1664 ,) fp.gp.1644 <) fp.gp.1700

8. gpnuQ;R fpof;fpe;jpa tzpff;FOit epWtpath; (AP-14) m) gjpdhd;fhk; Y}ap M) fhy;gu;l; ,) gjpdhwhk; Y}ap <) b gpuh]h

9. ,uz;lhk; mgpdp Nghiu KbTf;Ff; nfhz;Lte;j cld;gbf;if. m) gPfpq; M) ehd;fpq; ,) fhz;ld; <) \hd;Lq;

10. mnkhpf;f If;fpa ehLfs; kw;Wk; ,q;fpyhe;J rPdhtpw;fhf Vw;gLj;jpa nfhs;if m) jpwe;j ntspf; nfhs;if M) thhpR ,og;Gf; nfhs;if ,) ghJfhf;fg;gl;l tpahghuf; nfhs;if <) epyk; mopj;jy; nfhs;if

11. Mq;fpNya fpof;fpe;jpaf; FOkj;jpw;F #uj;jpy; tzpf ikak; mikf;f mDkjpaspj;j Kfyha kd;dh;.

m) \h[fhd; M) [`hq;fPh; ,) xsuq;frPg; <) `_khA+d;

12. rPdf; Fbauir cUthf;fpath;. (SE-15) m) lhf;lh; rd; ahl;nrd; M) #-nad;-yha; ,) kh Nr Jq; <) rPahq; Nf N\f;

2. Kjy; cyfg;Nghh; (fp.gp.1914 – fp.gp.1918) rh;tNjr rq;fk;

1. cyfk; KOtijAk; Mjpf;fk; nrYj;Jk; jpwik n[h;kdpf;F kl;LNk cs;sJ vdf; $wpath;. m) gp];khh;f; M) nfa;rh; ,uz;lhk; tpy;ypak; ,) `pl;yh; <) KNrhypdp (JU-13)

2. nfa;ru; ,uz;lhk; tpy;ypak; fg;gw;gilia epWj;jpapUe;j ,lk;. (JU-14) m) n`ypNfhyhe;J M) `hye;J ,) [_l;yhe;J <) mah;yhe;J

3. gpuhd;R jpUk;gg; ngw tpUk;gpa ,lq;fs; m) my;Nr]; kw;Wk; nyhiud; M) Ngh];dpah kw;Wk; n`h;rNfhtpdh ,) M];jphpah kw;Wk; `q;Nfhp <) v];Njhdpah kw;Wk; yhl;tpah

4. M];jphpa gl;lj;J ,sturh;. (AP-13, 15) m) gpuhd;]; ngh;bdhd;L M) gpuhd;rp]; bA+f; ,) gpuhd;rp]; b nyrg;]; <) gpuhd;rp]; Ngahfd;

5. M];jphpah nrh;gpah kPJ gilnaLj;j ehs;. (JU-12) m) [_iy 28>1914 M) [_d; 28>1914 ,) khh;r; 28>1914 <) Mf];l; 28>1914

6. n[h;kdp gpuhd;rpd; kPJ gilnaLf;f ,jd; topahfr; nrd;wJ. m) neju;yhe;J M) yf;]k;gu;f; ,) iud;yhe;J <) ngy;[pak;

7. JUf;fp jdJ Mjuit toq;fpaJ. m) $l;L ehLfs; M) mr;R ehLfs; ,) ika ehLfs; <) tsh;r;rpaile;j ehLfs;

8. Mq;fpNyah;fSf;F gLNjhy;tpahf mike;jJ. m) n[h;khdpag; gilnaLg;G M) gpnuQ;Rg; gilnaLg;G ,) lhu;ldy;]; gilnaLg;G <) fpA+gh gilnaLg;G

9. n[h;kdpahy; %o;fbf;fg;gl;l mnkhpf;fhtpd; Gfo; ngw;w tzpf fg;gy;. (AP-12,16, SE-13) m) Yg;lhg; M) uhay; ,) Y}rpl;lhdpah <) ngh;ypd;



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10. u\;ahtpy; rhh; tk;r Ml;rpia KbTf;F nfhz;L te;jtu;. m) nydpd; M) fhh;y; khh;f;]; ,) khh;Nlht; <) ];lhypd;

11. n[h;khdpa fg;gw;gil jfh;f;fg;gl;l fly;Nghh; m) [_l;yhe;J M) lhfh; ghq;f; ,) tlfly; <) ghy;bf;fly;

12. n[h;kdp mikjpia Ntz;ba ehs; m) etk;gh; 11>1918 M) etk;gh; 21>1918 ,) etk;gh; 12>1918 <) etk;gh; 22>1918

13. Kjy; cyfg;Nghiu KbTf;F nfhz;L te;jJ. (SE-12) m) yz;ld; mikjp khehL M) Nuhk; mikjp khehL

,) ngu;ypd; mikjp khehL <) ghup]; mikjp khehL

14. rh;tNjr rq;fk; mjpfhuG+h;tkhfj; Njhd;wpa ehs; m) khu;r; 7>1930 M) khu;r; 2>1928 ,) [dthp 20>1920 <) [dthp 20>1924

3. ,U cyfg;Nghh;fSf;fpilNa cyfepiy (fp.gp.1919-fp.gp.1939) - nghUshjhug; ngUke;jk;

1. nghUshjhug; ngUke;jk; Njhd;wpa ehL (SE-13,15) m) ,q;fpyhe;J M) mnkupf;fh ,) gpuhd;R <) n[u;kdp

2. 1929,y; mnkhpf;fh [dhjpgjpahf ,Ue;jth; m) jpNahlh; &];nty;l; M) cl;Nuh tpy;rd; ,) n`h;gu;l; `{th; <) vg;.b.&];nty;l;

3. mnkhpf;fh;fs; Nguhu;tj;Jld; <Lgl;l Jiw m) tzpfk; M) #jhl;lk; ,) rpdpkh <) gq;F tzpfr;re;ij

4. vg;.b.&];nty;l; gjtpNaw;w ehs; m) khu;r; 4>1933 M) khu;r; 4>1993 ,) Vg;uy; 6>1933 <) Vg;uy; 6>1943

5. mnkhpf;fg; nghUshjhuk; ,ay;G epiyf;Fj; jpUk;gpaJ. m) 1930 M) 1940 ,) 1950 <) 1945

4. ,j;jhypapy; ghrprk; (fp.gp.1922-fp.gp.1945)

1. ghrpr fl;rpiaj; Njhw;Wtpj;jth; (SE-12) m) `pl;yh; M) KNrhypdp ,) ];lhypd; <) nydpd;

2. KNrhypdp Njrpa ghrpr fl;rpia Njhw;Wtpj;j Mz;L m) etk;gh;> 1921 M) brk;gh;> 1921 ,) [dthp> 1921 <) gpg;uthp> 1921

3. KNrhypdpahy; Vw;gLj;jg;gl;lJ m) [dhjpgjp Ml;rp M) fk;A+dpr Ml;rp ,) epiyahd Ml;rp <) FbauR

4. njhopyhsh;fSf;F toq;fg;gLk; rpwe;j epthuzk; m) rh;tNjr njhopyhsh; mikg;G M) Miyr; rl;lk; ,) njhopy; gl;lak; <) njhopyhsh; xd;wpak;

5. KNrhypdpAld; nghJf; nfhs;ifia Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhz;lth; m) ru;r;rpy; M) `pl;yh; ,) ];lhypd; <) nydpd;

6. rh;tNjr rq;fj;jpypUe;J KNrhypdp tpyfpa Mz;L m) 1931 M) 1932 ,) 1935 <) 1937

5. n[h;kdpapy; ehrprk; (fp.gp.1933-fp.gp.1945)

1. Njrpa mit xU [dehaf rl;l mikg;Gld; $ba $l;lhl;rp Kiwia Vw;gLj;jf;$ba ,lk; m) ngh;ypd; M) nta;khh; ,) gpuhq;f;gh;l; <) gpd;yhe;J

2. $l;Lg;gil tsk; kpf;f ,lj;ij Mf;fpukpg;G nra;jJ. m) iud;yhe;J M) #ll;ld;yhe;J ,) fphPd;yhe;J <) gpd;yhe;J

3. `pl;yupd; nrkpl;bf; vjph;g;Gf; nfhs;ifahy; gLnfhiy nra;ag;gl;lth;fs; m) Mhpah;fs; M) kq;Nfhypah;fs; ,) A+jh;fs; <) M];jpNuypah;fs;

4. `pl;yh; tpad;dhtpy; gzpahw;wpaJ (SE-14) m) Xtpau; M) ijaw;fhuu; ,) Mrpupah; <) tq;fp Copah;

5. 1941 Mk; Mz;L `pl;yh; gilnaLj;j ehL m) u\;ah M) gpuhd;R ,) gpu\;ah <) ghurPfk;

6. $l;L ehLfs; ,e;ehl;bd; tUifahy; typik ngw;wd m) M];jphpah M) mnkhpf;fh ,) gpd;yhe;J <) Nghye;J



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6. ,uz;lhk; cyfg; Nghh; (fp.gp.1939-fp.gp.1945)

1. ,uz;lhk; cyfg;NghUf;F Kf;fpa fhuzkhf mike;j cld;gbf;if (JU-12) m) ntu;nra;y;]; cld;gbf;if M) Nuhk; cld;gbf;if

,) yz;ld; cld;gbf;if <) I-yh-rNgy; cld;gbf;if

2. gpuhd;Rf;Ff; nfhLf;fg;gl;l epyf;fhp tay;fs;. m) [hupah M) rhu; ,) nghfhNuh <) uhzpfQ;r;

3. Kjy; cyfg;NghUf;Fg; gpd; ty;yurhf vOr;rp ngw;w ehL (AP-12) m) rPdh M) [g;ghd; ,) ,e;jpah <) nfhupah

4. rz;ilAld;> ifg;gw;WjYk; vd;w nfhs;ifiag; gpd;gw;wpath;fs; m) kpjthjpfs; M) jPtputhjpfs; ,) rh;thjpfhhp <) Gul;rpahsh;fs;

5. nrg;lk;gh; 1938-y; `pl;yh; gilnaLg;gjhf kpul;lg;gl;l ehL m) ANfh];yhtpah M) Nghye;J ,) gpd;yhe;J <) nrf;Nfh];NyNtfpah

6. `pl;yu; jd;dplk; nfhLf;Fk;gb Nfl;lJ m) lhdd;gh;f; M) lhd;rpf; ,) [l;yhe;J <) v];Njhdpah

7. gpypl;];fphPf; vd;why; (AP-13) m) kpd;dy; Nghh; M) gJq;F Fopg;Nghh; ,) ePh;%o;fpf; fg;gy; Nghh; <) nfhhpy;yhg; Nghh;

8. ,uz;lhk; cyfg;Nghhpd; NghJ gpupl;b\; gpujkuhf ,Ue;jth; (SE-12) m) rh; tpd;];ld; ru;r;rpy; M) fpsnkd;l; ml;yP ,) jhl;rh; <) yhapl;]; [hu;[;

9. `pl;yUld; Nghu; njhLf;fhj cld;gbf;ifiar; nra;J nfhz;lth; m) fhh;gr; Nrt; M) Nghup]; vy;];bd; ,) ];lhypd; <) nydpd;

7. If;fpa ehLfs; rig - 1945

1. If;fpa ehLfs; rig Njhw;Wtpf;fg;gl;l Mz;L m) 1955 M) 1945 ,) 1965 <) 1975

2. If;fpa ehLfs; rhrdk; ifnaOj;jhdJ m) epA+ahu;f; M) n[dpth ,) rhd; gpuhd;rp];Nfh <) fypNghu;dpah

3. I.eh.tpd; epue;ju mit m) nghJr; rig M) jiyikr; nrayfk; ,) ghJfhg;G mit <) jh;kfu;j;jh mit

4. gd;dhl;L ePjpkd;wj;jpd; jiyikafk; mike;Js;sJ m) jp N`f; M) ngu;ypd; ,) Nuhk; <) Nlhf;fpNah

5. I.eh.tpd; nghd;tpoh Mz;L m) 1985 M) 2005 ,) 1995 <) 1975

8. INuhg;gpa xd;wpak;

1. INuhg;gpa xd;wpak; Njhd;Wtjw;F %ykhf fUjg;gLtJ m) <.rp.v];.rp M) ,.,.rp ,) INuhg;gpa mZthw;wy; r%fk; <) ,.b.rp

2. INuhg;gpa mZthw;wy; r%fj;ij Vw;gLj;jpa cld;gbf;if m) ehd;fpq; cld;gbf;if M) yz;ld; cld;gbf;if

,) Nuhk; cld;gbf;if <) ntu;nra;y;]; cld;gbf;if

3. INuhg;gpa xd;wpa kd;wk; rpy Neuq;fspy; miof;fg;gLtJ m) tzpfu; xd;wpak; M) tptrhapfs; xd;wpak; ,)Efh;Nthh; xd;wpak; <)ke;jpupfspd; $l;likg;G

4. INuhg;gpa xd;wpa kd;wj;jpd; Kjy; epue;juj; jiyth; Mthh; m) uhk; Nr nkf; nldhy;L M) n`u;khd; thd; uhk;;Ng ,) tp[ay\;kp gz;bl; <) gp];khu;f;

5. INuhg;gpa $l;likg;gpd; nghUshjhu nfhs;iffis ftdpj;J tUtJ m) INuhg;gpa kj;jpa tq;fp M) upru;t; tq;fp ,) ];Nll; tq;fp <) Rtp]; tq;fp

6. INuhg;gpa xd;wpaj;jpd; xw;iw ehzak; (AP-15) m) lhyu; M) nad; ,) A+Nuh <) gTz;l;

7. INuhg;gpa xd;wpak; tYthd cwit Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhz;bUg;gJ. m) mnkhpf;fh M) u\;ah ,) I.eh.rig <) If;fpa muG ehLfs;



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9. 1857 Mk; Mz;L khngUk; fpsh;r;rp

1. 1857 Mk; Mz;L ngUk;Gul;rpia Mq;fpy tuyhw;wwpQh;fs; mioj;jJ (JU-13) m) giltPuu; fyfk; M) ngUk; fyfk; ,) ,e;jpa Rje;jpug; Nghh; <) Rje;jpug; Nghuhl;lk;

2. ,e;jpa tuyhw;wwpQh;fs; 1857-Mk; Mz;L ngUk; Gul;rpia mioj;jJ. (AP-14) m) rpg;gha; fyfk; M) ngUk; fyfk; ,) Kjy; ,e;jpa Rje;jpug; Nghh; <) giltPuu; fyfk;

3. 1857 ngUk; Gul;rpapd; NghJ ,e;jpahtpd; fth;dh; n[duyhf ,Ue;jth; (JU-12, 14) m) ypl;ld; gpuG M) upg;gd; gpuG ,) fhdpq; gpuG <) nty;ny];]p gpuG

4. Fbahdth;fs; mjpfkhfr; nrYj;j Ntz;bapUe;j thp m) epythp M) Rq;f thp ,) tUkhd thp <) Nrit thp

5. Fj;jif epyq;fis murpd; fl;Lg;ghl;by; nfhz;L te;jJ m) ypd;ypj;Nfh M) ly;n`srp gpuG ,) ngz;bq; gpuG <) kTz;l; Ngl;ld;

6. nghJ ,uhZtg; gzpahsh; rl;lk; nfhz;L tug;gl;l Mz;L (SE-14) m) 1856 M) 1857 ,) 1858 <) 1859

7. Kjd; Kjypy; Gul;rp Njhd;wpa ,lk; (AP-12, JU-15, SE-13) m) kPul; M) gnua;yp ,) ghuf;G+u; <) fhd;g+u;

8. giltPuh;fs; ntspg;gilahfg; Gul;rpapy; <Lgl;lJ m) kPul; M) gnua;yp ,) ghuf;G+u; <) fhd;g+u;

9. mNahj;jp ethgpd; kidtp m) Kk;jh[; M) ghj;jpkh Ngfk; ,) Ngfk; `];uj; kfhy; <) urpah Ry;jhdh

10. 1857 Mk; Mz;L Gul;rpf;F gpd; ,e;jpa fth;dh; n[duy; miof;fg;gl;lJ. m) ,e;jpa murg; gpujpepjp M) ,e;jpa murh; ,) ,e;jpa MSeh; <) ,e;jpa mikr;rh;

10. 19 Mk; E}w;whz;by; r%f kw;Wk; rka rPh;jpUj;j ,af;fq;fs;

1. rPh;jpUj;j ,af;fq;fspd; Kd;Ndhbahfj; jpfo;e;jth; (AP-13, SE-12,15 ) m) ,uh[uhk; Nkhfd; uha; M) jahde;j ru];tjp ,) Nfrg; re;jpu nrd; <) NjNte;jpu ehj; jh$u;

2. 1829 Mk; Mz;L tpy;ypak; ngz;bq; gpuG rjp vd;Dk; cld;fl;il VWk; gof;fj;ij xopf;f cWJizahf ,Ue;jth;

m) jpUkjp md;dpngrd;l; M) Rthkp tpNtfhde;jh; ,) ,uh[uhk; Nkhfd; uha; <) yhyh `d;];uh[;

3. Rthkp jahde;j ru];tjpahy; epWtg;gl;lJ m) gpuk;k rkh[k; M) Mupa rkh[k; ,) gpuhu;j;jd rkh[k; <) mypfhu; ,af;fk;

4. ,uhkfpU\;z klj;jpd; jiyikafk; mike;Js;s ,lk; (AP-15) m) fhQ;rpGuk; M) NgY}h; ,) NkY}h; <) `k;gp

5. ts;syhu; gf;jpg; ghly;fs; mlq;fpa njhFg;G (AP-16) m) Njthuk; M) jpUthrfk; ,) vl;Lj;njhif <) jpUtUl;gh

6. rh;.iraJ mfkJ fhd; vd;gtuhy; njhlq;fg;gl;l ,af;fk; m) mypfhu; ,af;fk; M) gpuk;k Qhd rig ,) rkur Rj;j rd;khu;f;f rq;fk; <) K];yPk; yPf;

7. ru; iraJ mfkJ fhd; gs;spia epWtpa ,lk; m) mypg;G+h; M) Myg;Gio ,) fhrpg;G+h; <) fhd;G+u;

8. Nfushitr; Nrh;e;j rpwe;j r%f rPh;jpUj;jthjp m) = ehuhaz FU M) FU gpurhj; ,) FU ehdf; <) FU rhap

11. ,e;jpa tpLjiy ,af;fk; - Kjy; epiy fhe;jpf;F Ke;ija rfhg;jk; (fp.gp.1885 – fp.gp.1919)

1. gphpl;b\hu; xd;Wgl;l ehl;il cUthf;f topf;NfhypaJ m) Vfhjpgj;jpak; M) murpay; ,) gilnaLg;G <) Ngr;R thh;j;ijfs;

2. gbj;j ,e;jpah;fspd; nkhopahf mike;jJ m) gpnuQ;R M) Mq;fpyk; ,) ,e;jp <) tq;fhsk;



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3. rka kw;Wk; r%f rPh;jpUj;jthjpfshy; cUthdJ m) Njrpak; M) Gul;rp ,) fyfk; <) fpsh;r;rp

4. kpjthjpfspd; Nfhupf;iffis jPtputhjpfs; th;zpj;jJ m) murpay; gpr;ir M) ,uz;lhk; gl;rkhdJ ,) fl;lisfs; <) jpwe;j ntspf;nfhs;if

5. fhq;fpurpy; gpsit Vw;gLj;jpa khehL m) #uj; M) yh$h; ,) jphpGuh <) kjuh];

6. kpz;Nlh khu;yp rPh;jpUj;jr; rl;lk; jdpj; njhFjpfis mwpKfg;gLj;jpaJ m) ,e;Jf;fs; M) K];yPk;fs; ,) rPf;fpah;fs; <) fpwpj;Jth;fs;

7. gk;ghapy; jd;dhl;rp fofj;ij Njhw;Wtpj;jth;. (JU-12,13) m) NeU M) jpUkjp.md;dpngrd;l; ,) jpyfh; <) ghujpahu;

12. ,e;jpa tpLjiy ,af;fk; - ,uz;lhk; epiy fhe;jpa rfhg;jk; (fp.gp.1920 – fp.gp.1947)

1. Rje;jpu Nghuhl;lj;jpy; fhe;jp[p cgNahfpj;j Gjpa Af;jp Kiw m) rj;jpahfpufk; M) ntspg;gilf; nfhs;if ,) ePz;l gazk; <) td;Kiw

2. rp.Mh;.jh]; kw;Wk; Nkhjpyhy; NeU Njhw;Wtpj;j fl;rp m) fjh; M) ,e;jpa Njrpa fhq;fpu]; ,) Rauh[;[pak; <) mfhypjsk;

3. ,e;jpa murpayikg;G eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gl;l Mz;L m) [dthp 26>1950 M) gpg;uthp 26>1950 ,) Mf];l; 26>1950 <) khu;r; 26>1950

4. 1932 -y; Mq;fpNyNa muR mwpKfg;gLj;jpaJ m) kjpa czT jpl;lk; M) jpwe;j ntsp gy;fiyf;fofk; ,) taJ te;Njhu; fy;tp <) tFg;G thj mwpf;if

5. ,uz;lhk; cyfg;Nghupy; ,e;jpah;fis <LgLj;jpath; (JU-15) m) fhdpq; gpuG M) ly;n`srp ,) ypd;ypj;Nfh <) ypl;ld; gpuG

6. NeU ,ilf;fhy muir mikf;f cjtp NfhupaJ m) mGy; fyhk; Mrhj; M) [pd;dh ,) rypKy;yhfhd; <) fhd; mg;Jy;fhgu;fhd;

7. ,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; kw;Wk; filrp ,e;jpa fth;dh; n[duy; m) kTz;l; Ngl;ld; gpuG M) NeU ,) ,uh[Nfhghyhr;rhup <) fhkuh[h;

8. ,e;jpa rk];jhdq;fis ,izf;Fk; gzpia Nkw;nfhz;lth; m) lhf;lh;.gp.Mh;.mk;Ngj;fhu; M) ,uhN[e;jpu gpurhj; ,) ,uh[h[p <) ru;jhu; ty;ygha; gNly;

9. ,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; FbauRj;jiyth; m) lhf;lh; ,uhN[e;jpu gpurhj; M) fhe;jp[p ,) lhf;lh; ,uhjhfpU\;zd; <) rj;jpa%h;j;jp

13. ,e;jpa tpLjiy ,af;fj;jpy; jkpo; ehl;bd; gq;F

1. NtY}upy; ,e;jpa tPuu;fis Mq;fpNyaUf;F vjpuhfr; nray;glj; J}z;bath; m) i`jh; myp M) jpg;G Ry;jhdpd; kfd;fs; ,) rpth[p <)\h[fhd;

2. kf;fs; cupikfis epiyehl;l Vw;gLj;jg;gl;l kjuh]; khfhzj;jpd; Kjy; mikg;G m) ,e;jpa Njrpa fhq;fpu]; M)K];yPk; yPf; ,)Rauh[;[pa fl;rp <)nrd;id RNjrp rq;fk;

3. nrd;id kfh[d rigapd; Kjy; jiyth; m) gp.,uq;ifah ehAL M) ,uh[h[p ,) fhkuh[h; <) ghujpahh;

4. Ntjhuz;ak; cg;G rj;jpahfpufj;ij elj;jpath; (AP-14) m) b.v];.uh[d; M) gf;jtr;ryk; ,) ,uh[Nfhghyhr;rhup <) t.c.rp

5. 1908 Mk; Mz;L ghujpahh; nrd;idapy; khngUk; nghJf; $l;lj;ijf; $l;b nfhz;lhbaJ m) Rauh[;[pa ehs; M) gpwe;j ehs; ,) FbauR ehs; <) Nrit ehs;

6. gpupl;b\hupd; ifJ Mizf;F vjpuhf ghujpahh; jg;gpNahbaJ m) nrd;id M) ngq;fSu; ,) i`juhghj; <) ghz;br;Nrup

7. jkpo;ehl;by; fhq;fpu]; jiyikaplj;jpd; ngah; m) uh[;gtd; M) uh\;bugjp gtd; ,) rj;jpa%h;j;jp gtd; <) tpjhd; rgh

8. 1940 Mk; Mz;L fhkuh[u; thu;jh nrd;W re;jpf;f ,Ue;jJ. m) NeU M) fhe;jp[p ,) jpyfh; <) [pd;dh



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9. jkpo;ehl;bd; Kjyikr;ruhf fhkuh[u; gjtp tfpj;jJ m) 9 tUlq;fs; M) 8 tUlq;fs; ,) 10 tUlq;fs; <) 7 tUlq;fs;

10. fhkuhrupd; gpugykhd nfhs;if (SE-15)

m) “v];” jpl;lk; M) “vy;” jpl;lk; ,) “Nf” jpl;lk; <) “n[” jpl;lk;

14. jkpo;ehl;by; rKjha khw;wq;fs;

1. njd;dpe;jpa ey cupikf; fofj;ij ,t;thWk; miof;fyhk;. m) jpuhtplf; fl;rp M) [djh fl;rp ,) njYq;F Njrk; <) ePjpf; fl;rp

2. ePjpf; fl;rpia ngupahh; khw;wp mikj;jJ. m) mfhyp js; M) ghl;lhsp kf;fs; fl;rp ,) jpuhtplh; fofk; <) Rauh[;ak;

3. jkpo;ehl;bd; jiy rpwe;j rKjha rPh;jpUj;jthjp (AP-15,SE-13) m) <.Nt.uhkrhkp M) NeU ,) fhe;jp <) uh[uhk; Nkhfd; uha;

4. itf;fk; mike;Js;s ,lk; (AP-14) m) jkpo;ehL M) Me;jpug; gpuNjrk; ,) fu;ehlfk; <) Nfush

5. rp.vd;.mz;zhJiu kf;fshy; md;NghL miof;fg;gLtJ m) rhr;rh M) Nejh[p ,) mz;zh <) nghpahh;

6. jpuhtpl Kd;Ndw;wf; fofj;ij Njhw;Wtpj;jth; m) rp.vd;.mz;zhJiu M) vk;.fUzhepjp ,) fhkuh[h; <) vk;.[p.uhkr;re;jpud;

7. rp.vd;.mz;zhJiuf;F Kidth; gl;lk; toq;fpaJ m) mz;zh gy;fiyf; fofk; M) mz;zhkiyg; gy;fiyf; fofk;

,) kzpg;ghy; gy;fiyf; fofk; <) ghujpahh; gy;fiyf; fofk;

8. lhf;lh; Kj;Jyl;Rkpapd; rPupa Kaw;;rpahy; Gw;WNeha; kUj;Jtkid njhlq;fg;gl;l ,lk; m) mz;zh efh; M) nrq;fy;gl;L ,) fhQ;rpGuk; <) milahu;

9. mfpy ,e;jpa kfspu; khehL eilngw;w ,lk; (SE-14) m) G+dh M) gk;gha; ,) jhdh <) rjhuh

10. lhf;lh; Kj;Jyl;Rkpahy; njhlq;fg;gl;l mdhij ,y;yk; m) md;G ,y;yk; M) ru];tjp ,y;yk; ,) mt;it ,y;yk; <) yl;Rkp ,y;yk;

11. lhf;lh;. v]; jUkhk;ghs; jkpo; MrphpaUf;fhf elj;jpa Nghuhl;lk; (JU-15) m) ey;y thuk; M) ,e;jp thuk; ,) jkpo; thuk; <) ,oT thuk;

12. %tY}u; ,uhkhkpu;jk; gpwe;j Mz;L m) 1885 M) 1887 ,) 1889 <) 1883

xU kjpg;ngz; njupT tpdhf;fs; - Gtpapay;

1. ,e;jpa - miktplKk; ,aw;if mikg;Gk;

1. ,e;jpahtpy; …………. apy; tq;fhs tpupFlh mike;Js;sJ. m) Nkw;Fjpir M) njw;Fjpir ,) njd;fpof;Fjpir <) njd;Nkw;;Fjpir

2. ghf; ePh; re;jp …………. ,e;jpahtpypUe;J gpupf;fpd;wJ (JU-15, SE-12,13) m) =yq;fh M) kpahd;khu; ,) khyj;jPTfs; <) ,yl;rj;jPTfs;

3. ,e;jpahtpd; eLNt nry;Yk; kpf Kf;fpa jPh;f;ff;NfhL ……… eLNt nry;fpwJ.(AP-12, 15, JU-13) m) mfkjhghj; M) myfhghj; ,) i`juhghj; <) xsuq;fhghj;

4. cyfpd; kpf caukhd rpfuk; …………. (AP-13, SE-14) m) vtnu];l; rpfuk; M) ee;jh Njtp ,) fQ;rd;[q;fh <) jtsfpup

5. fq;if Mw;wpd; gpwg;gplk; …………. (AP-12, AP-14, AP-16) m) aKNdhj;up M) rpahr;rpd; ,) fq;Nfhj;up <) fhuf;Nfhuk;

6. ,kakiyfs; …………. vd miof;fg;gLfpd;wd. (JU-12) m) gdp ciwtplk; M) `pkhr;ry; ,) rpthypf; <) `pkhj;up



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2. ,e;jpah - fhyepiy; 1. ,e;jpahtpy; epyTtJ …………. (SE-13)

m) kpjntg;gkz;lyf; fhyepiy M) ntg;gkz;ly gUtfhw;W fhyepiy ,) ntg;g kz;lyf; fhyepiy <) Fspu; fhyepiy 2. flw;fiu gFjpfspy; epyTtJ …………. (SE-15)

m) fz;lf; fhyepiy M) rkkhd fhyepiy ,) <ug;gj fhyepiy <) ntg;g fhyepiy 3. Nkw;fj;jpa ,ilA+Wfshy; kiog; ngWk; ,lk;; ………….

m) gQ;rhg; M) Kk;ig ,) myfhghj; <) nrd;id 4. njd;Nkw;F gUtfhw;W jpirf;F ,izahf mike;Js;s kiyfs; ………….

m) Muty;yp M) rhj;G+uh ,) tpe;jpah <) ikf;fhyh 5. Nfhilg; gUtj;jpy; ,e;jpahtpd; tlfpof;F gFjpapy; tPRk; cs;Su; Gaypd; ngah; ………….

m) ehu;nt];lu;]; M) Y} ,) khQ;rhuy; <) gUtfhw;W

3. ,e;jpah - ,aw;if tsq;fs;; 1. twz;l epyg;gFjpapy; fhzg;gLk; kz; …………. MFk; (JU-13,SE-12)

m) ghiy kz; M) ruiskz; ,) fUg;Gkz; <) tz;ly; kz; 2. gUtf; fhw;W fhLfs; …………. vd;Wk; miof;fg;gLfpd;wd (AP-14)

m) ntg;g kz;ly gRik khwhf; fhLfs; M) ,iyAjph;f; fhLfs; ,) khq;FNuht; fhLfs; <) kiyf; fhLfs; 3. NkhNdhirl; kzypy; fhzg;gLk; jhJ …………. (AP-13, 15,SE-14)

m) vz;nza; M) ANudpak; ,) Njhupak; <) epyf;fup

4. ,e;jpah - Ntshz; njhopy;; 1. ney; mjpfkhf tpisAk; kz; …………. (AP-12, JU-13,15)

m) fhpry;kz; M) ruiskz; ,) tz;ly; kz; <) nrk;kz; 2. Njapiy kw;Wk; fhg;gp gaph; mjpfkhf tpisAk; ,lk; …………. (AP-14)

m) kiyr; rhpTfs; M) rkntspfs; ,) flw;fiur; rkntspfs; <) Mw;Wg;gs;sjhf;Ffs; 3. twl;rpapYk; tsUk; gaph; …………. (SE-15)

m) ney; M) NfhJik ,) rzy; <) jpidtif 4. gUj;jp xU …………. (JU-14,SE-14)

m) czTg; gaph; M) gzg;gaph; ,) Njhl;lg;gaph; <) jpidg;gaph; 5. epiyahd czTg; gaph;fs; ………….

m) muprp kw;Wk; NfhJik M) fhg;gp kw;Wk; Njapiy ,) gUj;jp kw;Wk; rzy; <) goq;fs; kw;Wk; fha;fwpfs;

5. ,e;jpah – njhopyfq;fs;; 1. gUj;jpahiy xU ………….

m) Ntshz;rhh;e;j njhopyfk; M) fdpkk; rhh;e;j njhopyfk; ,) tdg;nghUs; rhh;e;j njhopyfk; <) nkd; nghUs; njhopyfk;

2. ,e;jpahtpd; khd;nr];lh; vd;wiof;fg;gLtJ …………. (AP-13, JU-14,15, SE-12, 14, AP-16) m) nly;yp M) nrd;id ,) Kk;ig <) nfhy;fj;jh

3. lhlh v/F epWtdk; mike;Js;s ,lk; …………. (JU-13, SE-15) m) Jh;fhg+h; M) gpyha; ,) [hk;n\l;g+h; <) gu;d;g+h;

4. Nrhl;lhehfGhp gPlg+kp …………. tsj;jpw;F Gfo;ngw;wJ. (SE-13) m) ,aw;ifj;jhtuk; M) fdpktsk; ,) tz;ly; kz; <) gUj;jp

5. kpd;dZtpay; jiyefuk; vd miof;fg;gLtJ …………. (AP-12, 15) m) fhd;g+h; M) nly;yp ,) ngq;fSU <) kJiu

6. Rw;Wr;#oy; gpur;ridfs;; 1. XilfspYk;> VhpfspYk; ,aw;if rj;J mjpfhpg;gJ ………….

m) ePh; khriljy; M) kpifa+l;l tsKWjy; ,) fhw;W khriljy; <) xypkhriljy; 2. fhw;W khriltjw;F Kf;fpaf; fhuzk; …………. (SE-15)

m) thfd Gif M) vhpkiy ntbg;G ,) mdy;kpd;rf;jp epiyak; <) kpifa+l;l tsKWjy;; 3. ,e;jpahtpd; ngUk;ghyhd Rw;Wr;#oy; gpur;ridfSf;F fhuzk; …………. m) kpjkhd kf;fs; mlh;j;jp M) mjpfkhd kf;fs; mlh;j;jp ,) kpf mjpfkhd kf;fs; mlh;j;jp <) Fiwthd kf;fs; mlh;j;jp



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7. ,e;jpah - tzpfk;>Nghf;Ftuj;J kw;Wk; jfty; njhlh;G

1. xU ehl;bd; vy;iyf;Fs; eilngWk; tzpfk; …………. m) gy;fpis tzpfk; M) gd;dhl;L tzpfk; ,) cs;ehl;L tzpfk; <) gz;lkhw;W tzpfk;

2. tzpff; $l;likg;Gfs; …………. tzpf tsh;r;rpia vspjhf;Ffpd;wd. m) gy;fpis tzpfk; M) Nehpiztzpfk; ,) cs;ehl;L tzpfk; <) gd;dhl;L tzpfk;

3. ek; ehl;by; Fiwe;j nryT kw;Wk; midtuhYk; gad;gLj;jg;gLk; Nghf;Ftuj;J …………. (AP-16) m) thd;top M) rhiytop ,) ePh; top <) Foha; top

4. ,e;jpa ,uapy; Nghf;Ftuj;jpd; jiyikafk; cs;s ,lk; …………. (AP-13, SE-14, AP-15) m) Kk;ig M) GJ nly;yp ,) ehf;g+h; <) jpUr;rp

5. Ntfk; kw;Wk; tpiy cah;e;j etPd Nghf;Ftuj;J …………. (SE-12, AP-14) m) thd; top M) rhiy top ,) ePh; top <) ,uapy; top

8. njhiy Ez;Zzh;T

1. thd;top Gifg;glq;fisg; gad;gLj;jp tiuag;gLk; tiuglq;fs; …………. (JU-15) m) nrq;Fj;J M) thd;top ,) ,aw;if <) murpay; 2. nghUis fz;Lgpbf;Fk; topKiwia …………. vd;wiof;fpNwhk;.

m) ,yf;F M) %yk; ,) czhp <) gjpkk; 3. kpd;fhe;jk; gpujpgypg;gij fz;lwpAk; fUtp ………….

m) ,yf;F M) czhp ,) nghUs; <) Gifg;gl fUtp

xU kjpg;ngz; njupT tpdhf;fs; - Fbikapay;

1. ,e;jpahTk; cyf mikjpAk;; 1. ,e;jpah mjpfg;gbahd ek;gpf;ifia nfhz;bUg;gJ (AP-13, 15 JU-15,SE-14,15)

m) Nghu; M) mikjp ,) md;G <) gifik 2. gz;bj [t`u;yhy; NeUtpd; mikjpf;fhd Ie;J mk;r nfhs;iffs; (AP-12,16, JU-12, SE-12)

m) RNjrp M) Gjpa gaDupik ,) gQ;rrPyk; <) ,dxJf;fy; 3. mZ MAj jilr; rl;lk; ifnaOj;jhd Mz;L (JU-14)

m) 1963 M) 1993 ,) 1936 <) 1998 4. mZ MAj Fiwg;G jPh;khdj;ij I.eh. nghJ rigapy; ,e;jpah nfhz;L te;j Mz;L

m) 1965 M) 1956 ,) 1995 <) 1976 5. ,d xJf;fy; nfhs;if Kbtpw;F te;j Mz;L

m) 1990 M) 1991 ,) 1890 <) 1989 6. rhu;f; mikg;gpd; Kjy; nghJr;nrayhsu; (AP-14)

m) [pd;dh M) mGy; M\hd; ,) Nfhgp Mdd; <) fhe;jp

2. kf;fshl;rp;; 1. jw;fhyj;jpy; kpfTk; gpurpj;jp ngw;w murhq;f Kiw

m) Fbahl;rp M) cah; Fbahl;rp ,) kf;fshl;rp <) ru;thjpfhuk; 2. Neub kf;fshl;rp goq;fhyj;jpy; eilKiwapy; ,Ue;j ehL

m) fpuP]; M) ,j;jhyp ,) rhu;bdpah <) irg;u]; 3. njYq;F Njrk; vdg;gLtJ

m) khepy fl;rp M) Njrpa fl;rp ,) ru;tNjr fl;rp <) fyhr;rhu fl;rp 4. xU ehl;by; ,uz;L fl;rp Kiw ,Uf;FNkahdhy; mjw;F ngah;

m) xU fl;rp Kiw M) ,U fl;rp Kiw ,) gy fl;rp Kiw <) tl;lhuf; fl;rp Kiw 5. vjph;f;fl;rp jiytUf;F mspf;fg;gl;Ls;s me;j];J

m) fhgpdl; mikr;ru; M) ,iz mikr;ru; ,) khepy mikr;ru; <)mikr;ruit mikr;ru; 6. Nju;jypy; thf;fspf;f jFjpahd taJ (AP-15)

m) 21 M) 18 ,) 25 <) 35 7. kj;jpapy; kf;fshy; Nju;e;njLf;fg;gl;l gpujpepjpfis nfhz;l mikg;G

m) rl;lkd;wk; M) cr;rePjpkd;wk; ,) nghJf; fl;rpfs; mit <)ghuhSkd;wk; 8. Njh;jy; MizaUf;F ,izahf mjpfhuk; nfhz;bUg;gth; (AP-14)

m) cah; ePjpkd;w ePjpgjp M) cr;rePjpkd;w ePjpgjp ,) khtl;l ePjpgjp <) kh[p];l;Nul;



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9. khepy Njh;jy; eltbf;iffis Nkw;ghu;it nra;gth; (SE-15) m) jiyikNju;jy; Mizah; M) jiyik Njh;jy; mjpfhup

,) cr;r ePjp kd;w ePjpgjp <) cau; ePjpkd;w ePjpgjp 10. ,e;jpa Nju;jy; Mizak; mike;Js;s ,lk; (AP-12, 13,16, JU-15, SE-12,14)

m) nrd;id M) Kk;ig ,) Kuhjhghj; <) GJ nly;yp

3. Ntw;Wikapy; xw;Wik 1. ekJ ehl;bd; gok; ngUk; rkak;

m) Ntjrkak;(,e;Jkjk;) M) fpwpj;Jt rkak; ,) ,];yhk; <) n[huh];bupa rkak; 2. ,e;jpahtpy; mq;fPfupf;fg;gl;l mYtyf nkhopfs; (JU-13)

m) 25 M) 23 ,) 22 <) 27 3. nkhop vd;gJ (JU-12)

m) Nghf;F tuj;J M) ePh;g;ghrdk; ,) ,izg;Gf; fUtp <) czu;Tg;G+u;tkhdJ 4. Njk;ghtzpNahL njhlh;GilaJ (SE-13)

m) ,e;J kjk; M) rPf;fpa kjk; ,) fpwpj;Jt kjk; <) ,];yhk; 5. Gj;j G+u;zpkhitf; nfhz;lhLgth;fs; (SE-15)

m) ,e;jpah;fs; M) K];yPk;fs; ,) rkzh;fs; <) Gj;j kjj;jpdh; 6. xw;Wik kw;Wk; xUikg;ghl;il tsu;g;gjpy; Kf;fpa gq;F tfpg;gJ

m) ,ir kw;Wk; eldk; M) fiy kw;Wk; fl;llf;fiy ,) czT kw;Wk; gof;fq;fs; <) Mil kw;Wk; gof;f tof;fq;fs;

4. Efh;Nthh; chpikfs;;; 1. xU nghUis KOtJkhf gad;gLj;JNthu; (JU-13,15)

m) cw;gj;jpahsh; M) Efh;Nthu; ,) filf;fhuh; <) tptrhap 2. Efh;Nthiu Vkhw;Wgth;fs; (SE-14)

m) kuNtiy nra;gth;fs; M) tptrhap ,) ijay;fhuh; <) tpahghup 3. jfty; mwpAk; rl;lk; ghuhSkd;wj;jpy; epiwNtw;wg;gl;lJ (AP-13, SE-12)

m) mf;Nlhgu; 12>2005 M) mf;Nlhgu; 21>2005 ,) mf;Nlhgu; 12>2006 <) mf;Nlhgu; 21>2006 4. cyf Efh;Nthu; jpdkhf nfhz;lhlg;gLtJ (AP-12, 14, 16, JU-12, SE-13)

m) khu;r; 15 M) khu;r; 16 ,) khu;r; 14 <) khu;r; 11 5. Efh;Nthhpd; kfh rhrdk; (AP-15)

m) cyf Rfhjhu epWtdk; M) Efu;Nthu; ghJfhg;Gr; rl;lk; (Nfhg;uh) ,) vf;];Ndhuh <) czT kw;Wk; Ntshz;ikf; fofk;

6. Efh;NthUf;F tpopg;Gzu;T Vw;gLj;jf;$ba jpl;lq;fspy; xd;W m) td kfh cw;rtk; M) Mg;Nu\d; 21 ,) tu;j;jf fz;fhl;rp <) ,uh[uh[d; 1000

xU kjpg;ngz; njupT tpdhf;fs; - nghUspay;

1. ehl;L tUkhdk;

1. ehl;L tUkhdj;jpd; kw;nwhU ngah; …………. (JU-12, 13, 14) m) cz;ik tUkhdk; M) gz tUkhdk; ,) nkhj;j ehl;L cw;gj;jp <) ngausT tUkhdk;

2. ehl;L tUkhdj;ij fzf;fpLk; topKiwfs; …………. (AP-12,JU-15) m) 2 Kiwfs; M) 3 Kiwfs; ,) 4 Kiwfs; <) 5 Kiwfs;

3. epfu ehl;L cw;;gj;jp vd;gJ …………. m) nkhj;j ehl;L cw;gj;jp (-) Nja;khdk; M) epfu ehl;L cw;gj;jp (-) Nja;khdk;

,) jyh tUkhdk; (-) Nja;khdk; <) nkhj;j cs;ehl;L cw;gj;jp (-) Nja;khdk;

4. ,e;jpahtpd; jyh tUkhdk; …………. (AP-14, 16, SE-12) m) 220 lhyu;fs; M) 950 lhyu;fs; ,) 2930 lhyu;fs; <) 600 lhyu;fs;

5. Kjd;ikj; Jiw vd;gJ (AP-13,15 JU-15 SE-15) m) tzpfk; M) fl;likg;Gj; Jiw ,) Ntshz;ikj; Jiw <) njhiyj; njhlu;Gj; Jiw

6. ehl;L tUkhdf; fzf;fPL vd;gJ …………. m) nkhj;j gzkjpg;G M) czT jhdpa cw;gj;jpapd; nkhj;j kjpg;G

,) njhopy; gz;lq;fspd; nkhj;j kjpg;G <) gz;lq;fs; kw;Wk; gzpfspd; nkhj;j kjpg;G



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7. nrytpd Kiwapy; ehl;L tUkhdk; vd;gJ …………. m) cw;gj;jpapd; mbg;gilapy; fzf;fplg;gLfpwJ M) tUkhdj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; fzf;fplg;gLfpwJ ,) nrytpd; mbg;gilapy; fzf;fplg;gLfpwJ <) Nrkpg;gpd; mbg;gilapy; fzf;fplg;gLfpwJ

8. tUkhd Kiwapy; ehl;L tUkhdk; vd;gJ …………. m) nrytpd; mbg;gilapy; fzf;fplg;gLtJ M) tUkhdj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; fzf;fplg;gLtJ ,) Nrkpg;gpd; mbg;gilapy; fzf;fplg;gLtJ <) KjyPl;bd; mbg;gilapy; fzf;fplg;gLtJ

9. jyh tUkhdk; Rl;bf;fhl;LtJ …………. (SE-13) m) kf;fspd; nry;t epiyia M) kf;fspd; Vo;ik epiyia

,) kf;fspd; tho;f;ifj; juj;ij <) kf;fspd; fy;tp epiyia

10. ,e;jpa ehl;L tUkhdj;jpy;; Kjd;ikj; Jiwapd; gq;fspg;G …………. (SE-14) m) 15.8% M) 25.8% ,) 58.4% <) 12.8%

2. tpLjiyf;Fg;gpd; ,e;jpag; nghUshjhuk;;;

1. ,e;jpahtpy; Ie;jhz;Lj; jpl;lk; vd;w fUj;jikT (SE-14) m) Nrhtpaj; ,u\;ahtpypUe;J ngwg;gl;lJ M) mnkupf;f If;fpa ehLfspypUe;J ngwg;gl;lJ ,) ,q;fpyhe;J ehl;bypUe;J ngwg;gl;lJ <) If;fpa muG ehLfspypUe;J ngwg;gl;lJ

2. gjpNdhuhtJ Ie;jhz;Lj; jpl;lf; fhyk; (AP-15) m) 1965-61 M) 1997-2002 ,) 2002-2007 <) 2007-2012

3. ,e;jpaj; jpl;lf; FOtpd; jiytu; (JU-14,SE-12) m) FbauRj; jiyth; M) gpujkh; ,) epjpaikr;rh; <) FbauRj; Jizj;jiyth;

4. ,e;jpahtpy; jpl;lf;FO mikf;fg;gl;l Mz;L (AP-12,13,14,16, JU-12, SE-14) m) 1962 M) 1950 ,) 1956 <) 1949

5. gpujkh; NeU eilKiwg;gLj;j tpUk;gpa ,e;jpag; nghUshjhuk; (SE-13) m) fyg;G nghUshjhuk; M) rkju;k nghUshjhuk; ,) Kjyhspj;Jt nghUshjhuk; <) gzg; nghUshjhuk;

6. gRik Gul;rp eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gl;l Mz;L (AP-13, JU-14) m) 1967 M) 1977 ,) 1987 <) 1957

7. G+kpjhd ,af;fj;ij njhlq;fpath; (AP-12, 14,16, JU-12, 13) m) n[agpufh\; ehuhaz; M) [t`u;yhy;NeU ,) Mr;rhu;atpNdhgh ghNt <) lhf;lh;.,uhN[e;jpug; gpurhj;

8. ,e;jpa nghUshjhuj;jpy; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; tha;e;j Mz;L (JU-13 SE-15) m) 1981 M) 1991 ,) 2001 <) 2010

9. nraw;iff; Nfhs; kw;Wk; njhiyj;njhlh;Gj; Jiw Muha;r;rp kw;Wk; Kd;Ndw;wj;jpw;F nghWg;G tfpf;Fk; epWtdk;

m) ,e;jpa Ntshz; Muha;r;rp epWtdk; M) ,e;jpa kUj;Jt Muha;r;rp epWtdk; ,) ,e;jpa tpz;ntsp Muha;r;rp epWtdk; <) ,e;jpa mwptpay; kw;Wk; njhopy; El;g Muha;r;rp epWtdk;;

10. 2011 Mk; Mz;L kf;fl; njhif fzf;nfLg;gpd;gb ,e;jpahtpy; vOj;jwpT ngw;Nwhu; vz;zpf;if (SE-12)

m) 74.04% M) 65.8% ,) 66.8% <) 67.8%



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10-k; tFg;G r%ftpay; xU kjpg;ngz; nghUj;Jf tpdhf;fs; ntw;wpf;F top


nghUj;Jf - tuyhW


1. fh;ehlfg;Nghh;fs; - m) Mrpah 2. ghJfhg;G Vw;gLj;Jjy; - M) rPdh 3. ,dntwpf;nfhs;if - ,) ,q;fpyhe;J 4. `hq;fhq; jPT (AP-15, SE-12) - <) ,e;jpahtpy; gpnuQ;R Mjpf;f KbT 5. gd;dhl;L FbNaw;wk; - c) gpuhd;]; - C) Vfhjpgj;jpak; - v) Mg;gphpf;fh

2. Kjy; cyfg;Nghh; (fp.gp.1914 – fp.gp.1918) rh;tNjr rq;fk; m. 1. fpskd;R - m. gphpl;ld; 2. Mh;yhz;Nlh - M. gpuhd;R 3. yhapl;]; [hh;[; - ,. n[h;kdp 4. cl;Nuhtpy;rd; (JU-13) - <. M];jphpah 5. nfa;rh; tpy;ypak; II - c. u\;ah - C. mnkhpf;fh - v. ,j;jhyp M. 1. nth;nrapy;]; cld;gbf;if (SE-14,15) - m. UNkdpah 2. biuadhd; cld;gbf;if - M. JUf;fp 3. epa+yp cld;gbf;if - ,. ,j;jhyp 4. nrt;Nu]; cld;gbf;if (JU-13) - <. `q;Nfhp 5. n[h;ikd; cld;gbf;if - c. M];jphpah

- C. n[h;kdp - v. gy;Nfhpah

3. ,U cyfg;Nghh;fSf;fpilNa cyfepiy (fp.gp.1919-fp.gp.1939) nghUshjhu ngUke;jk; 1. gq;Fr; re;ijrhpT - m. tq;fpfs; kw;Wk; njhopw;rhiyfs; 2. Gduikg;G epjpepWtdk; - M. flDjtpfs; 3. nghUshjhug; ngUke;jk; - ,. gq;Fr; re;ij chpkk; 4. $l;lhl;rp hprh;t; tq;fp (AP-14) - <. tptrhapfSf;F khdpak; 5. ghJfhg;G ghpth;j;jidr;rl;lk; - c. gq;Fr; re;ijfspy; fld;KjyPL - C. 1929

4. ,j;jhypapy; ghrprk; (fp.gp.1922-fp.gp.1945) 1. ba+]; (SE-15, AP-16) - m. KNrhypdpapd; ,ufrpa fhty;gil 2. fUQ;rl;il (AP-13,15) - M. 1922 3. Xt;uh (JU-14,15) - ,. 1924 4. Nuhk; mzptFg;G - <. KNrhypdp 5. my;Ngdpahit ifg;gw;Wjy; - c. KNrhypdpapd; njhz;lh;fs; - C. 1939

5. n[h;kdpapy; ehrprk; (fp.gp.1933-fp.gp.1945) 1. gOg;Gr; rl;ilfs; - m. ehrp rpd;dk; 2. /guh; (JU-13) - M. vdJ Nghuhl;lk; 3. ];t];jpfh (AP-14) - ,. jiyth; 4. nf];lNgh - <. rhd;ryh; 5. nkapd; fhk;g; - c. `pl;yhpd; njhz;lh;fs; - C. MSeh; - v. `pl;yhpd; ,ufrpa fhty;gil

tpilfs; 1. < 2. c 3. v 4. , 5. M

tpilfs;:M 1. C 2. < 3. v 4. M 5. c

tpilfs;:m 1. M 2. v 3. m 4. C 5. ,

tpilfs; 1. c 2. m 3. C 4. M 5. ,

tpilfs; 1. < 2. c 3. m 4. M 5. C

tpilfs; 1. c 2. , 3. m 4. v 5. M



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1. mopj;Jg; gpd; thq;Fk; nfhs;if - m. n[h;kdp 2. 'U' tifg; glFfs; - M. jpNahlh; &];nty;l; 3. Y}/g;l;Nth/g; - ,. ,q;fpyhe;J 4. ,uhay; tpkhdg;gil - <. rPdh 5. ml;yhz;bf; rhrdk; (AP-14) - c. u\;ah - C. vg;.b.&];nty;l; - v. n[h;khdpa ePh;%o;fpf; fg;gy;


1. epa+ahh;f; (SE-14, AP-13) - m. vjph;thf;F 2. uj;J nra;Ak; chpik (AP-16) - M. 1963 3. jw;Nghija I.eh nghJr; nrayhsh; (JU-12,15) - ,. 1969 4. mZ Nrhjidj;jilr;rl;lk; - <. I.eh. jiyikafk; 5. njhlh; mZNrhjid jilr;rl;lk; - c. Nfhgp mdhd;

- C. 1996 - v. ghd;fp%d;


1. xd;wpizg;G cld;gbf;if - m. gpuhd;]; ntspAwT mikr;rH 2. a+Nuh - M. INuhg;gpa fzf;fPl;lhsh;fs; kd;wk; 3. ,uhgh;l; ];$khd; - ,. 2002 4. [p.vd;.Nkhdl; - <. INuhg;gpa ePjpkd;wk; 5. INuhg;gpa xd;wpa tuTnryT - c. gpuhd;R murpay; gpuKfh;

- C. 1967 - v. 2007


m) nghUj;Jf

1. kq;fs;ghz;Nl (SE-15) - m) fhd;g+h; 2. ,uz;lhk; gfJ}h;\h - M) yf;Ndh 3. ehdhrhfpg; - ,) kj;jpa ,e;jpah 4. Ngfk; `];uj; k`hy; - <) Muh 5. ,uhzp ,yl;Rkpgha; (SE-12, AP-16) - c) ghuf;g+h; - C) NtY}h; - v) nly;yp

M) nghUj;Jf: 1. ,uhzp ,yl;Rkpgha; (JU-15,SE-12) - m) Kfyhag;Nguurh; 2. ,uz;lhk; gfJ}h;\h - M) fhypd; Nfk;ngy; 3. ngUk; Gul;rp - ,) [hd;rp 4. yf;Ndh - <) kfhrhrdk; 5. tpf;Nlhhpah kfhuhzpapd; Nguwpf;if - c) 1856 (AP-15,JU-13) - C) 1854 - v) 1857


1. etPd ,e;jpahtpd; tpbnts;sp (SE-15) - m. Rthkp jahde;j ru];tjp 2. ,e;J rkaj;jpd; khh;l;bd;Yhjh; (AP-13) - M. ,uhkfpU\;z klk; 3. epa+ ,e;jpah (AP-12,14, SE-12, 14) - ,. md;dpngrd;l; 4. #hpaxsp %yk; kpd;rhuk; cw;gj;jpnra;Ak; jpl;lk; - <. ,uhkypq;f mbfs; 5. ts;syhh; (JU-14) - c. lhf;lh;. jUkhk;ghs; - C. ,uh[huhk; Nkhfd;uha;

tpilfs; 1. c 2. v 3. m 4. , 5. C

tpilfs; 1. < 2. m 3. v 4. M 5. C

tpilfs; 1. C 2. , 3. m 4. c 5. M

tpilfs; 1. c 2. v 3. m 4. M 5. ,

tpilfs; 1. , 2. m 3. v 4. M 5. <

tpilfs; 1. C 2. m 3. , 4. M 5. <



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11. ,e;jpa tpLjiy ,af;fk; - Kjy; epiy fhe;jpf;F Ke;ija rfhg;jk; (fp.gp.1885 – fp.gp.1919) 1. <];tu re;jpu tpj;ah rhfh; - m. ehl;Lgw;Wkpf;f vOj;jhsh; 2. Rg;gpukzpa ghujp - M. xUtUila nrhe;j ehL 3. RNjrp - ,. ghyfq;fhju jpyfh; 4. epa+ ,e;jpah (AP-12, 14, SE-12, 14) - <. rka kw;Wk; r%f rPh;jpUj;jthjp 5. Nfrhp (SE-14,15) - c. md;dpngrd;l; - C. aq; ,e;jpah - v. gpgpd; re;jpu ghy;

12. ,e;jpa tpLjiy ,af;fk; - ,uz;lhk; epiy fhe;jpa rfhg;jk; (fp.gp.1920 – fp.gp.1947) 1. rh;jhh; ty;ygha; gNly; (SE-13) - m. lr;R gFjpfs; 2. ghz;br;Nrhp - M. tiuTf;FO 3. Nfhth - ,. Rje;jpu ,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; fth;dh; n[duy; 4. lhf;lh;. gp. Mh;. mk;Ngj;fhh; (SE-13) - <. ,e;jpahtpd; gp];khh;f; 5. kTz;l;Ngl;ld; gpuG - c. Nghh;r;RfPrpa gFjpfs; - C. gpnuQ;R gFjpfs;

- v. gphpl;b\; gFjpfs;

1. Nkhjpyhy; NeU - m. cj;jpu gpuNjrk; 2. nrsup nrsuh (AP-16) - M. Rauh[;[pa fl;rp 3. gQ;rhg; rpq;fk; (AP-15,JU-13) - ,. fhd; mg;Jy; fhgh;fhd; 4. tFg;Gthj mwpf;if (JU-14) - <. yhyh y[gjp uha; 5. vy;iy fhe;jp (SE-13) - c. uhk;Nr nkf;nlhdhy;L - C. gfj; rpq; - v. K];yPk; yPf;

13. ,e;jpa tpLjiy ,af;fj;jpy; jkpo; ehl;bd; gq;F 1. RNjrp nghUl;fs; fz;fhl;rp - m. rpg;gha; fyfk; 2. rhzf;fpah; (SE-13) - M. fhkuhrh; 3. muir cUthf;Fgth; (JU-14,15) - ,. g+z;b ePh; Njf;f epiy 4. rj;jpa%h;j;jp - <. NtY}h; fyfk; 5. gNjf; i`jh; - c. nghpahh; <.nt.uh - C. nrd;id kfh[d rig - v. ,uh[h[p

14. jkpo;ehl;by; rKjha khw;wq;fs; 1. ePjp (JU-14) - m. <.Nt.uhkrhkp nghpahh; 2. itf;fk; tPuh; (AP-15,JU-12, SE-12, 13) - M. lhf;lh;. v];. jUkhk;ghs; 3. Njtjhrp Kiw (JU-12, SE-12) - ,. %tY}h; ,uhkhkph;jk; 4. tPuj; jkpod;id (AP-12,14, SE-14, AP-16) - <. b.vk;. ehah; 5. ePjpf;fl;rp (AP-12, 13) - c. rj;jpa%h;j;jp - C. lhf;lh;. Kj;Jyl;Rkp nul;b - v. Mq;fpy nra;jpj;jhs;

nghUj;Jf - Gtpapay;

1. ,e;jpa - miktplKk; ,aw;if mikg;Gk; 1. Gdpj jyk; (AP-14, JU-14) - m. raj;up 2. juha; - M. Ntk;gehL 3. fu;ehlfhtpy; cs;s Nkw;F njhlu;r;rp kiyfs; - ,. jf;fhzk; 4. yhth gPlG+kp (SE-15, AP-16) - <. Nfjhu;ehj; 5. NfushtpYs;s ngupa Vup - c. rJg;G epyk; - C. rpypfh Vup - v. rhq;Ngh

tpilfs; 1. < 2. m 3. M 4. c 5. ,

tpilfs; 1. M 2. m 3. < 4. c 5. ,

tpilfs; 1. < 2. C 3. c 4. M 5. ,

tpilfs; 1. C 2. v 3. M 4. , 5. <

tpilfs; 1. v 2. m 3. C 4. M 5. <

tpilfs; 1. < 2. c 3. m 4. , 5. M



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2. ,e;jpah - fhyepiy; 1. gUtkio ntbg;G - m. brk;gh; Kjy; gpg;uthp tiu 2. ehu;nt];lu;]; (SE -12) - M. mf;Nlhgu; Kjy; etk;gu; tiu 3. ePh; Nrkpg;G eltbf;iffs; - ,. ,e;jpahtpd; tlf;F kw;Wk; tlNkw;F ,e;jpag;gFjp 4. tlfpof;F gUtfhw;W fhyk;(SE-14) - <. tlfpof;F ,e;jpahtpd; cs;Su; Gay; 5. mjpf kiongWk; gFjp - c. [_d; Kjy; nrg;lk;gh; tiu (AP-15,JU-13,SE-15) - C. nksrpd;uhk; - v. cs;ehl;L kf;fspd; gq;Nfw;G

3. ,e;jpah - ,aw;if tsq;fs;; 1. fupry; kz; (AP-12, 14, JU-12, SE-14) - m. ngl;Nuhypak; 2. gOg;G epyf;fup (AP-12, 13, JU-14,15, SE-15) - M. gUj;jpg; gapupLjy; 3. khq;FNuht; fhLfs; (AP-15,JU-12, SE-12,) - ,. nea;Ntyp 4. GJg;gpf;ff;$ba tsq;fs; - <. Re;jutdk; 5. GJg;gpf;f ,ayhj tsq;fs; - c. #upad; - C. new;gapu;

- v. xU tif ,Uk;Gj; jhJ

4. ,e;jpah - Ntshz; njhopy;; 1. NfhJik (AP-14,SE-13, AP-16) - m. Nkw;F tq;fk; 2. fUk;G (SE-13) - M. Nfush 3. Mg;gps; (JU-14,SE-13) - ,. cj;jpug;gpuNjrk; 4. ug;gu; (SE-13) - <. gQ;rhg; 5. rzy; (AP-13, 14,SE- 12, 13,) - c. `pkhr;ryg;gpuNjrk; - C. jkpo;ehL - v. fu;ehlfk;

5. ,e;jpah – njhopyfq;fs;; 1. rzy; njhopyfk; (AP-13, 15,SE-12,13,15)- m. nrd;id 2. thfd njhopyfk; - M. F[uhj; 3. nkd;nghUs; njhopyfk; (JU-15, AP-16) - ,. Kk;ig 4. ,Uk;G v/F njhopyfk; - <. Nkw;F tq;fk; 5. ,e;jpahtpd; ru;f;fiu fpz;zk; (JU-13) - c. Nrhl;lhehfGup kz;lyk; - C. ngq;fSU - v. cj;jpug;gpuNjrk; kw;Wk; gPfhu;.

7. ,e;jpah - tzpfk;>Nghf;Ftuj;J kw;Wk; jfty; njhlh;G 1. fpuhkr; rhiyfs; (AP-13,15, JU-14, SE-14,15) - m. GJ nly;yp 2. khtl;l rhiyfs; - M. Kk;ig 3. kj;jpa ,uapy;Nt (JU-14) - ,. nrd;id 4. njw;F ,uapy;Nt (AP-12,13,14 JU-12, 15 SE-12,14,15) - <. fpuhkg; gQ;rhaj;J 5. tlf;F ,uapy;Nt (AP-12, JU-12, 13, AP-16) - c. efuhl;rp kw;Wk; khefuhl;rp - C. i`juhghj;

8. njhiy Ez;Zzh;T 1. epy msit - m. mnkhpf;f If;fpa ehLfs; 2. njhiy Ez;Zzh;T (AP-14) - M. gy khjq;fs; 3. fhw;wpy; kpjf;Fk; gY}d; (AP-12, JU-12, SE-14) - ,. Kiwahd thd;top epow;glk; 4. tpkhdk; - <. gpuQ;R Nkg;gpayhsu;fs; 5. bIMu;Xv]; (AP-13,15, JU-13,15, SE-12) - c. FWfpa fhyk; (TIROS) - C. Gtp jfty; njhFjp - v. cyf miktplq;fs; fz;lwpAk; njhFjp

tpilfs; 1. c 2. < 3. v 4. M 5. C

tpilfs;1. M 2. , 3. < 4. c 5. m

tpilfs; 1. < 2. , 3. c 4. M 5. m

tpilfs; 1. < 2. m 3. C 4. c 5. v

tpilfs; 1. < 2. c 3. M 4. , 5. m

tpilfs;1. M 2. c 3. < 4. , 5. m



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10-k; tFg;G r%ftpay; ,uz;L kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs; ntw;wpf;F top


,uz;L kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs; - tuyhW


1. Vfhjpgj;jpak; - tiuaW (AP-14, JU-12, 13,14) 1. xU ehL gpw ehLfspd; gFjpfis tYf;fl;lhakhf ntd;W mtw;iw jdJ Ml;rpapd; fPo; nfhz;L tUjy;. 2. xU ehL jd; ehl;bd; Ml;rpia kw;nwhU ehl;bd; kPJ jpzpj;jy;.

3. xU ehL kw;nwhU ehl;bd; murpay; kw;Wk; nghUshjhu mjpfhuq;fis ifafg;gLj;jp me;ehl;bd; ,aw;if tsq;fis gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;Sjy;.

2. fhydp Mjpf;fk; vd;why; vd;d? (AP-12, JU -15, SE-12, SE-14, AP-16) 1. FbNaw;wq;fis me;epa ehl;by; Vw;gLj;jp mjd; ,aw;if tsq;fisr; Ruz;Ljy; MFk;. 2. cs;ehl;L ngUk;ghd;ikapdUf;Fk; me;epa rpWghd;ikapdUf;Fk; ,ilapy; Vw;gl;l neUlyhd cwT MFk;. 3. v.fh. ,e;jpah ,q;fpyhe;jpd; fhydp ehlhf 1947 tiu ,Ue;jJ.

3. ,uhZt Vfhjpgj;jpak; gw;wp vOJf. (AP-13) 1. xU ehl;bd; kPJ gilnaLj;J mq;F jd; ehl;bw;F rhjfkhd Xh; muir Vw;gLj;JtJ. 2. v.fh. mnkhpf;fh <uhf; kPJ gilnaLj;jJ

4. Vfhjpgj;jpak; Njhd;w njhopw;Gul;rp vt;thW Kf;fpaf; fhuzkhf mike;jJ? 1. INuhg;gpa ehLfSf;F njhopw;Gul;rpapd; fhuzkhf cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gl;l nghUl;fSf;F re;ij

Njitg;gl;lJ. 2. Nghf;Ftuj;J trjpapdhy; nghUl;fis vspjhf vLj;Jr; nry;y Kbe;jJ. 3. njhopw;Gul;rpf;F Njitahd %yg;nghUl;fs; Mrpa Mg;gphpf;f ehLfspy; fpilg;gjhy;

INuhg;gpaehLfs; me;ehLfs; kPJ Vfhjpgj;jpak; nrYj;j fhuzkhf mike;jJ.

5. nghUshjhuk; my;yJ thpf;fl;Lg;ghl;ilg; gw;wp vOJf. 1. typikahd xU ehL> typik Fiwe;j xU ehl;bd; nghUshjhu mjpfhuq;fis jd;tag;gLj;jp nfhs;Sjy; thpf;fl;Lg;ghl;L Kiw MFk;. 2. v.fh. Kjy; cyfg; NghUf;F Kd; JUf;fp Ml;Nlhkhd; nghJf;fld; eph;thfj;jpd; fl;Lg;ghl;by; ,Ue;jJ.

6. xg;gilg;G Kiw gw;wp RUf;fkhf vOJf. 1. Kjy; cyfg; Nghupd; Kbtpy; 1919-Mk; Mz;L ghup]; khehl;by; njd;dhg;gphpf;fhtpy; n[duy;

[hd; ];kl; vd;gthpd; MNyhridg;gb cUthf;fg;gl;lJ. 2. FbNaw;w ehLfspy; rpy rh;tNjr rq;fj;jplk; xg;gilf;fg;gl;ld. 3. ,r;rq;fk;> NtW rpy ehLfsplk; me;ehl;il guhkhpf;Fk; gzpia xg;gilj;jJ.

7. Kjyhk; mgpdpg; NghUf;fhd fhuzq;fs; ahit? 1. Mq;fpNyah;fs; ,e;jpahtpy; mgpdpr; nrbia tsh;j;J rPdhtpy; tpw;gij rPdh;fs; tpUk;gtpy;iy. 2. rPd murhq;fk; mgpdpf;F mjpf Rq;f thpAk;> fl;Lg;ghLk; tpjpj;jJ INuhg;gpa tzpfh;fis vhpr;ryila itj;jd. 3. rPdg; NguuR mgpdp th;j;jfj;ij jil nra;jJ. vdNt Mq;fpNyah;fs; 1839-y; rPdh kPJ Nghh; njhLj;jdu;. ,JNt Kjyhk; mgpdp Nghh; Vw;gl fhuzkhdJ.

8. rPdh gd;dhl;L FbNaw;w ehlhf vt;thW khwpaJ? 1. ,q;fpyhe;Jk; mnkhpf;fhTk; jpwe;j ntspf;nfhs;ifia cUthf;fpd. 2. rPd ehl;il ntspehl;lth;fs; jq;fSf;fpilNa thzpf chpikf;fhf gq;fpl;Lf; nfhz;ldh;.

9. ‘ijg;gpq; fyfk;’ gw;wp vOJf. (JU-13 SE-15) 1. ehd;fpq; cld;gbf;ifia gpd;gw;wp mnkhpf;fh;fSk;> gpnuQ;Rf;fhuh;fSk; rPdhTld; gy

xg;ge;jq;fis Vw;gLj;jpdh;. 2. fp.gp.1854 Mk; Mz;L kQ;R muRf;Fk; ntspehl;lth;fSf;Fk; vjpuhf rPdh;fs; fyfj;jpy;

<Lgl;ldh;. ,f;fyfk; ijg;gpq; fyfk; vdg;gLfpwJ.



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1. n[h;kdpf;F FbNaw;wq;fs; Vd; Njitg;gl;lJ? (JU-14) 1. cyf muq;fpy; jdJ kjpg;ig cah;j;jTk;> kf;fs; njhif ngUf;fj;jpw;Fk; n[h;kdpf;F FbNaw;wq;fs; Njitg;gl;ld. 2. %yg;nghUl;fis ngWtjw;Fk;> cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gl;l nghUl;fis tpw;gjw;Fk; FbNaw;wq;fs; Njitg;gl;ld.

2. nkhuhf;Nfh gpur;rid – Fwpg;G tiuf. 1. Mg;gphpf;f ehlhd nkhuhf;fhit gpuhd;R ifg;gw;wpaJ. ,jid gpupl;ld; mq;fPfupj;jJ. 2. ,jid n[h;khdpa Nguurh; ,uz;lhk; tpy;ypak; nfa;rh; tpUk;gtpy;iy. 3. nkhuhf;fhit ifg;gw;w ngh;ypd;> ghd;jh; vd;w ,U Nghh;f; fg;gy;fis mDg;gpdhh;. 4. ,q;fpyhe;J jiyapl;ljhy; n[h;kdp jdJ ,U Nghh;f; fg;gy;fis tpyf;fpf; nfhz;L

,q;fpyhe;ij gop thq;f tpUk;gpaJ.

3. Kjy; cyfg; NghUf;fhd cldbf; fhuzk; ahJ? (AP-12, JU-13, AP-14) 1. 1914-k; Mz;L [_d; khjk; 28-k; ehs; M];jphpa ehl;L ,sturUk; mtuJ kidtpAk; nrh;gpa

ehl;L jPtputhj ,isQdhy; nruh[pNth-tpy; Rl;Lf; nfhy;yg;gl;l epfo;r;rp. 2. nrh;gpahtpd; gjpy; jpUg;jp mspf;fhjjhy;> M];jpupah 1914 Mk; Mz;L [_iy 28k; Njjp

nrh;gpahTld; Nghiu mwptpj;jjhy; Kjy; cyfg; Nghh; Jtq;fpaJ.

4. fpof;F Kidg; Nghh;f;fsk; - tptup. 1. ,u\;ag; gilfs; n[h;kdpiaAk;> M];jpupahitAk; jhf;fpd. Mdhy; lhndd;gh;f; Nghupy;

,u\;ah gLNjhy;tpAw;wJ. 2. ,r;rkaj;jpy; M];jpupah Jd;GwNt n[h;kdp mjw;F MjuT mspj;jJ. 3. n[h;kdpapd; fLikahd jhf;Fjiy vjph;nfhs;s ,ayhky; ,u\;ag; gilfs; M];jpupag;

gFjpfis tpl;L ntspNawpd.

5. flw;Nghh; gw;wp rpWFwpg;G jUf. 1. Mq;fpy fg;gw;gil tlfly; gFjpia jdJ fl;Lg;ghl;by; itj;jpUe;jJ. 2. n[h;kdp lhfh; ejpg;Nghupy; Mq;fpyg; gilfshy; mopf;fg;gl;lJ. 3. 1916Mk; Mz;L eilngw;w [_l;yhz;L Nghupy; n[h;kdpag; gilfs; Njhy;tpaile;jd. 4. n[h;khdpa ePh;%o;fpf; fg;gy;fspdhy; Ner ehLfspd; Nghh;f; fg;gy;fs; gy %o;fbf;fg;gl;L ngUk;

capupog;Gk; Vw;gl;lJ.

6. Kjy; cyfg; Nghupy; mnkhpf;fh <Lgl;ljw;fhd fhuzk; vd;d? (JU-15,SE-14) 1. 1917 Mk; Mz;L mnkhpf;f fg;gyhd Y}rplhdpahit> n[h;khdpa ePh;%o;fpf; fg;gy;fs; %o;fbj;j

epfo;Nt Kjy; cyfg;Nghhpy; mnkhpf;fh <Lgl fhuzk; MFk;. 2. ,jpy; E}w;Wf;fzf;fhd mnkhpf;fh;fs; nfhy;yg;gl;ldh;. ,jdhy; NfhgKw;w mnkhpf;fh n[h;kdp

kPJ Nghh; mwptpg;G nra;J Kjy; cyfg; Nghupy; <Lgl;lJ.

7. nth;nrapy;]; cld;gbf;ifapd; \uj;Jf;fspy; ,uz;bidf; Fwpg;gpLf. 1. n[h;;kdpapd; gilgyk; Fiwf;fg;gl;lJ. 2. n[h;kdpapd; FbNaw;wq;fs; NerehLfshy; gq;fPL nra;ag;gl;ld.

8. rh;tNjr rq;fj;jpd; mbg;gilf; nfhs;iffspy; vitNaDk; ,uz;bid vOJf. 1. cyf ehLfspilNa xw;Wik> ghJfhg;G kw;Wk; mikjpia epiyehl;LtJ. 2. cWg;G ehLfs; jq;fs; mz;il ehLfspd; vy;iyfis kjpj;J elj;jy;> Mf;fpukpg;G nra;ahky;

,Uj;jy;.

9. rh;tNjr rq;fj;jpd; mq;fq;fs; ahit? (AP-15, JU-12,13,SE-12,) 1. nghJr;rig 2. nrayfk; 3. rh;tNjr njhopyhsh; mikg;G 4. eph;thf rig 5. rh;tNjr ePjpkd;wk;

10. rh;tNjr rq;fj;jpd; Njhy;tpf;fhd vitNaDk; ,uz;L fhuzq;fisf; Fwpg;gpLf. (SE-13) 1. rh;tNjr rq;fk; jdf;nfd xU epue;ju gilapid itj;Jf;nfhs;shjjhy; KbTfis

nray;gLj;j Kbatpy;iy. 2. rh;tNjr rq;fk; cUthf fhuzkhf ,Ue;j mnkhpf;fh ,jpy; cWg;gpduhftpy;iy. 3. rq;fj;jpypUe;J ntspNaWk; chpik toq;fpajhy; rq;fk; nray; ,oe;jJ.



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3. ,U cyfg;Nghh;fSf;fpilNa cyfepiy (fp.gp.1919-fp.gp.1939) – nghUshjhug; ngUke;jk;

1. nghUshjhug; ngUke;jk; Njhd;wf; fhuzq;fs; ahit? (JU-12, AP-16) 1. mnkhpf;fg; gq;Fr; re;ijapy; Vw;gl;l rhpT. 2. gq;Ffs; tpiy caUk; vd;w mDkhdj;jpy; kf;fs; fld; thq;fp gq;Fr; re;ijapy; KjyPL nra;jJ.

2. Njrpa njhopy; kPl;Gr;rl;lk; - Fwpg;G tiuf (AP-13, 15) 1. njhopw;rhiyfspy; rk;gs cah;T> gzp Neuf; Fiwg;G. 2. mnkhpf;f mjpgh; gpuhq;fspd; &];nty;l; mth;fshy; nfhz;Ltug;gl;l Gjpa gaDhpik

nfhs;ifapy; nghUshjhu ngUke;jj;ij rhp nra;a cjtpaJ

3. Ntshz;ikg; nghUs; rPuikg;Gr; rl;lk; gw;wp vOJf. 1. Ntshz;ikg; nghUs; rPuikg;G rl;lj;jpdhy; tptrhapfSf;F khdpak; toq;f tif Vw;gl;lJ. 2. ,k;khdpak; mth;fs; cw;gj;jp nra;Ak; jhdpaj;jpd; msitf; Fiwj;J tpiy cah;Tf;F top

tFj;jJ.


1. ghrprk; - nghUs; $W (AP-12,15, SE-13,14,15) 1. ghrprk; vd;Dk; nrhy; ghrp]; vd;Dk; ,yj;jPd; thh;j;ijapy; ,Ue;J Njhd;wpaJ. 2. ,jw;F “$l;L” (m) “FO” vd;W nghUs;

2. ghrprj;jpd; ehd;F J}z;fs; ahit? (SE-12, JU-14, AP-16) 1. xNu jiyik 2. xNu fl;rp Ml;rp 3. gaq;futhjk; 4. nghUshjhu MSik

3. ghrprk; Njhd;Wtjw;fhd fhuzq;fis vOJf. 1. Kjy; cyfg; NghUf;F gpwF ,j;jhypapy; nghUshjhu rPuopT Vw;gl;lJ 2. ehl;by; fld; Rik gd;klq;F mjpfupj;J mikjp Fiye;jJ. 3. ,j;jhypapy; epiyahd Ml;rpAk;> rl;lk; xOq;F epiyapy; kf;fs; mjpUg;jp mile;jdh;. 4. ,f;Fog;gkhd epiyapy; epiyahd Ml;rp ju ghrprk; Njhd;wpaJ.

4. KNrhypdp vt;thW mjpfhuj;ijf; ifg;gw;wpdhh;? 1. 1922 mf;Nlhgh; 30k; ehs; KNrhypdp jiyikapy; ghrp];Lfs; Nuhk; efiu Nehf;fp mzp tFj;J

jq;fs; gyj;ij fhl;bdh;. 2. ,r;#o;epiyapy; ,uz;lhk; tpf;lh; ,k;khDNty; murhq;fk; mikf;Fk;gb KNrhypdpf;F Ntz;LNfhs; tpLj;jhh;. 3. ,uj;jk; rpe;jhky; ghrp];Lfs; mjpfhuj;ij ifg;gw;wpaJld; ,j;jhypapy; KNrhypdp jiyikapy; 1945 tiu Ml;rp ePbj;jJ.

5. KNrhypdpapd; rhjidfspy; VNjDk; ,uz;bid vOJf. 1. ,j;jhypapy; mikjp kw;Wk; rl;lk; xOq;if epiyehl;b epiyahd muir epWtpdhh;. 2. njhopy; Jiwapy; xOq;ifAk;> fl;Lg;ghl;ilAk; nfhz;L te;jhh;.

6. KNrhypdp> murUf;Fk; Nghg;ghz;ltUf;Fk; ,ilNa ,Ue;j Ntw;Wikia vt;thW fise;jhh;? 1. KNrhypdp Nghg;Gld; 1929-Mk; Mz;L Nyl;lud; cld;gbf;ifapd; gb thbfd; efupy; Nghg;

Ml;rpia KNrhypdp mq;fPfupj;jhh;. 2. Nuhk; efupy; murupd; Nkyhz;ikia Nghg; mq;fPfupj;jhh;. 3. ,e;j cld;gbf;ifapd;gb murUf;Fk; Nghg;ghz;ltUf;Fk; ,ilNa epytp te;j 60 Mz;L fhy

Nghuhl;lj;jpw;F Kw;Wg;Gs;sp itj;jhh;.


1. `pl;yh; vd;d mwptpj;jhh;? (JU-15) 1. xNu kf;fs; 2. xNu ehL 3. xNu jiyth; vd;w nfhs;ifia `pl;yh; mwptpj;jhh;.

2. 1923 Mk; Mz;L `pl;yh; vd;d nra;jhh;? mjd; tpisT vd;d? 1. 1923-Mk; Mz;L mjpfhuj;ij ifg;gw;Wk; Kaw;rpia `pl;yh; Nkw;nfhz;lhh;. ,jw;F „gPh;

kz;lgg; Gul;rp‟ vd;W ngah;



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2. mth; kPJ Njr JNuhf Fw;wk; Rkj;jg;gl;L> ifJ nra;ag;gl;L> Ie;J Mz;Lfs; rpiwapy; milf;fg;gl;lhh;.

3. rpiwapy; nkapd; fhk;g; (vdJ Nghuhl;lk;) vd;w E}iy vOjpdhh;.

3. `pl;yh; vt;thW n[h;kdpapd; mjpguhdhh;? 1. `pl;yh; jiyikapy; ehrprf; fl;rp xU nghpa fl;rpahf tsh;e;J> 1932Mk; Mz;L Njh;jypy;

mjpf ,lq;fspy; ntw;wp ngw;W ,uz;lhtJ nghpa fl;rpahf tpsq;fpaJ. 2. 1933y; `pl;yh; n[h;kdpapd; rhd;ryuhdhh;. 3. 1934y; `pz;ld;gh;f; fhykhdijj; njhlh;e;J `pl;yh; FbauR jiytuhdhh;. 4. gpd;dh; Fbauirf; fiyj;J `pl;yh; jd;id n[h;kdpapd; mjpguhf jhNd mwptpj;Jf;

nfhz;lhh;.

4. kpA+dpr; cld;gbf;if – rpW Fwpg;G jUf. 1. 1938y; nrf;Nfh];Nyhthf;fpahtpd; xU gFjpahd #ll;ld;yhe;ij ifg;gw;w `pl;yh; tpUk;gpdhh;. 2. kpA+dpr; vd;w ,lj;jpy; ,q;fpyhe;J gpujku; eptpy; Nrk;gu;iyd; cld; mikjp cld;gbf;ifia

Nkw;nfhz;lhh;. 3. mjd;gb `pl;yh; #ll;ld;yhe;ij kl;Lk; Mf;fpukpg;G nra;ayhk; vd;Wk; gpw ,lq;fis

ifg;gw;wf; $lhJ vd;Wk; xg;Gf;nfhs;sg;gl;lJ. 4. Mdhy; 1939y; kpA+dpr; cld;gbf;ifia kPwp nrf;Nfh];Nyhthfpah KOtijAk; Mf;fpukpg;G

nra;jhh;.

5. `pl;yh; ehh;bf; ,dj;jpd; jdpj;jd;ikia vt;thW ghJfhj;jhh;? 1. `pl;yh; ehh;bf; n[h;khdpa ,dj;jpdh; kpf cah;e;jth;fs; vd;Wk;> nrkpbf; A+jh;fs; kpfTk;

jho;e;jth;fs; vd;Wk; fUjpdhh;. 2. ehh;bf; ,dj;jpd; jdpj;jd;ikia fhf;Fk; nghUl;L nrkpbf; A+jh;fis ntWj;J gLnfhiy

nra;jhh;.


1. n[h;kdpapd; Njrg;gw;W ,uz;lhk; cyfg; NghUf;F vt;thW fhuzkhapw;W? 1. n[h;kdp n[h;khdpah;fSf;Nf> ,j;jhyp ,j;jhypah;fSf;Nf Nghd;w nfhs;iffs; kf;fspilNa

Njrpa vOr;rpia Vw;gLj;jpd. 2. n[h;khdpaNu cyif Msj; jFjpAilath;fs; vd;W n[h;khdpah;fs; fUjpdh;. 3. xU ehl;bd; Njrpa czh;T me;ehl;bd; tsh;r;rpf;Fg; gad;gl;l NghjpYk;> mjd; jd;ikia kPwp

FWfpa Njrpa czh;thf khWk; NghJ mJ gadw;Wg; Ngha; ,uz;lhk; cyfg; NghUf;F fhuzkhapw;W.

2. [g;ghd; ,uz;lhk; cyfg; NghUf;Ff; fhuzkhf mike;jJ vt;thW? (SE-15) 1. Kjy; cyfg; NghUf;Fg; gpd; [g;ghd; typik kpf;f ehlhf cUthfpwJ. 2. me;ehl;by; njhopy; kw;Wk; nghUshjhu tsh;r;rp Vw;gl;ljhy; Vfhjpgj;jpa nfhs;ifia

gpd;gw;wj; njhlq;fpaJ. 3. ,j;jhyp> n[h;kdp> [g;ghd; Mfpa %d;W ehLfSk; Nuhk;-ngh;ypd;-Nlhf;fpNah mr;R xg;ge;jj;ij

Vw;gLj;jpd. ,J ,uz;lhk; cyfg; NghUf;F tpj;jpl;lJ.

3. kpA+dpr; cld;gbf;if rpwpJ fhyk; mikjpia Vw;gLj;jpaJ – tpsf;Ff. 1. 1938-Mk; Mz;L `pl;yh; #ll;ld;yhe;ij ifg;gw;wg; Nghtjhf $wp nrf;Nfh];Nyhthfpahit

mr;RWj;jpdhh;. 2. ,q;fpyhe;J gpujkUf;Fk; `pl;yUf;Fk; kpA+dpr; vd;Dkplj;jpy; xU cld;gbf;if Vw;gl;lJ. 3. ,jd;gb kpA+dpr; jtpu nrf;Nfh];Nyhthfpahtpd; ve;j gFjpiaAk; ,izj;Jf; nfhs;s

khl;Nld; vd;W `pl;yh; cWjpaspj;jhh;. 4. mjdhy; ,t;Tld;gbf;ifapd;gb mq;F rpwpJ fhyk; mikjp Vw;gl;lJ.

4. ,uz;lhk; cyfg; NghUf;fhd cldbf; fhuzk; vd;d? 1. 1939k; Mz;L `pl;yh; n[h;kdpiaAk; fpof;F gpu\;ahitAk; Nghye;J topahf ,izf;Fk;

,uhZt rhiyia mikf;f Nghye;J ehl;il eph;ge;jpj;jhh;. 2. NkYk; Nghye;jplkpUe;j lhd;rpf; JiwKfj;ij xg;gilf;fTk; typAWj;jpdhh;. 3. ,jid Nghye;J kWf;fNt me;ehl;bd; kPJ kpd;dy; Ntf jhf;Fjy; elj;jp Nghye;ij

ifg;gw;wpdhh;. ,JNt ,uz;lhk; cyfg; Nghh; Vw;gl cldbf; fhuzkhapw;W.

5. mopj;Jg; gpd;thq;Fk; nfhs;if gw;wp rpW Fwpg;G tiuf. (AP-14, JU-14, SE-14) 1. ,uz;lhk; cyfg; Nghhpy; ,u\;ahtpw;Fk; n[h;kdpf;Fk; ,ilNa eilngw;w Nghupy; ,u\;ah;fs;

gpd;gw;wpaf; nfhs;if mopj;J gpd;thq;Fk; nfhs;if MFk;.



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2. ,f;nfhs;if %yk; gaph;fs;> ghyq;fs;> ,Ug;Gg; ghijfs; Nghd;wtw;iw vjphpfs; ifg;gw;whky; ,Uf;f jhq;fNs jPapl;L mopj;Jf; nfhz;L Kd;Ndwpdh;.

3. ,u\;a jiyefh; kh];Nfhit ifg;gw;wpa n[h;kdpa gilfSf;F vJTk; fpilf;fhjjhy; n[h;kdpf;F Njhy;tpKfk; Vw;gl;lJ.

6. gphpl;ldpag; Nghh; gw;wp RUf;fkhf vOJ. 1. `pl;yh; gphpl;lDf;F vjpuhf Y}/g;l;Nthg; vd;w thd;top jhf;Fjiy elj;jpdhh;. 2. U tbt ePh;%o;fpf; fg;gy; %yk; ,q;fpyhe;J fg;gy;fs; gytw;iw Njhw;fbj;jhh;. 3. 1940Mk; Mz;L ,q;fpyhe;J jiyefh; ,yz;ld; kPJ thd;top jhf;Fjy; %yk; Fz;L

tPrg;gl;lJ. 4. Kjypy; ,q;fpyhe;J rpW rpW Njhy;tpfis re;jpj;jhYk; gpd;dh; ,q;fpyhe;Jk; n[h;kdp kPJ

thd;top jhf;Fjiy elj;jpaJ.

7. mnkhpf;fh [g;ghd; kPJ Nghh; njhLf;ff; fhuzk; ahJ? (AP-12, SE-12, AP-16) 1. 1941Mk; Mz;L nrg;lk;gh; 7Mk; Njjp Kj;Jj; JiwKfj;jpy; ,Ue;j mnkhpf;ff; flw;gilj;

jsj;ij [g;ghd; jhf;fpaJ. 2. ,e;j jhf;Fjyhy; mnkhpf;fhTf;F ngUk; Nrjk; Vw;gl;lJ. ,jdhy; mnkhpf;fh [g;ghd; kPJ

Nghh; njhLj;jJ.


1. If;fpa ehLfs; rigapd; Kf;fpa Nehf;fq;fs; ahit? (JU-12,15, SE-13) 1. cyf muq;fpy; mikjp kw;Wk; ghJfhg;ig epiyehl;Ljy; 2. midj;J ehLfSf;fpilNa el;Gwit tsh;j;jy; 3. ehLfSf;fpilNaahd rpf;fiy mikjpahd Kiwapy; jPh;j;jy;

2. ghJfhg;G kd;wk; - rpW Fwpg;G tiuf 1. I.eh.tpd; Kf;fpa cWg;ghf jpfOk; ghJfhg;G kd;wk; cyfpy; mikjpiaAk;> ghJfhg;igAk;

epiyehl;LfpwJ. 2. ,k;kd;wj;jpd; Ie;J epue;ju cWg;G ehLfs; 1.mnkhpf;fh 2.,q;fpyhe;J 3.gpuhd;R 4.u\;ah 5.rPdh 3. gj;J jw;fhypf cWg;gpdh;fs; nghJ rigapy; ,uz;L Mz;LfSf;F xU Kiw

Nju;e;njLf;fg;gLfpd;wdh;. 4. epue;ju cWg;gpdh;fSf;F uj;J nra;Ak; mjpfhukhd tPl;Nlh cs;sJ.

3. If;fpa ehLfs; rigapd; rhjidfspy; VNjDk; ,uz;bid Fwpg;gpLf. 1. 1963Mk; Mz;L mZ Nrhjid jil rl;lj;ijAk;> 1996Mk; Mz;L njhlh; mZ Nrhjid

jil rl;lj;ijAk; epiwNtwr; nra;jJ 2. #a]; fhy;tha; rpf;fiy KbTf;F nfhz;L te;jJ 3. nfhupag; Nghh;> tpal;ehk; Nghh; Nghd;wtw;iw KbTf;F nfhz;L te;jJ.

4. If;fpa ehLfs; rigapd; nghd; tpoh gw;wp rpW Fwpg;G jUf. 1. 1945y; njhlq;fg;gl;l I.eh.rig 1995y; 50tJ Mz;L tpohitnahl;b nghd; tpoh Mz;lhf

nfhz;lhlg;gl;lJ. 2. mnkhpf;f tPuh;fs; I.eh-tpd; Ik;gjhz;L Nritia tzf;fk; nrYj;Jk; tpjkhf I.eh. nfhbia

tpz;ntspapy; gwf;ftpl;ldh;. 3. I.eh-tpd; 50 Mz;L fhy epfo;Tfs; gw;wp gbj;j kf;fsplk; vLj;Jiuf;fg;gl;lJ.

5. I.eh.tpd; rpwg;G epWtdq;fs; rpytw;iw Fwpg;gpLf (AP-15, AP-16) 1. cyf Rfhjhu epWtdk; 2. And];Nfh 3. Adpnrg; 4. gd;dhl;Lj; njhopyhsh; epWtdk; 5. czT kw;Wk; Ntshz;ik epWtdk; 6. gd;dhl;L epjp epWtdk; 7. gd;dhl;Lg; Gduikg;G kw;Wk; tsHr;rp tq;fp


1. INuhg;gpa xd;wpaj;jpd; epWtd ehLfs; ahit? 1. ngy;[pak; 2. gpuhd;R 3. ,j;jhyp 4. yf;]k;gh;f; 5. nejh;yhe;J 6. Nkw;F n[h;kdp Mfpa ehLfs; INuhg;gpa xd;wpaj;jpd; epWtd ehLfs; MFk;.



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2. INuhg;gpa xd;wpaj;jpd; Kf;fpa Nehf;fq;fs; ahit? (JU-13) 1. INuhg;gpa FbAhpik Vw;gLj;jp chpikfis cWjp nra;jy; 2. rKjha Kd;Ndw;wj;ij cah;j;Jjy; 3. INuhg;gpa ghJfhg;ig gyg;gLj;Jjy; 4. rkePjpia cWjp nra;jy;

3. INuhg;gpa xd;wpaj;jpd; mq;fq;fisf; Fwpg;gpLf. 1. INuhg;gpa ehlhSkd;wk; 2. INuhg;gpa xd;wpa kd;wk; 3. INuhg;gpa Mizak; 4. INuhg;gpa ePjpkd;wk; 5. INuhg;gpa fzf;fPl;lhsh;fs; kd;wk;.

4. INuhg;gpa ehlhSkd;wk; gw;wp rpW Fwpg;G tiuf. 1. INuhg;gpa ehlhSkd;wk;> INuhg;gpa $l;likg;gpd; rl;lk; ,aw;Wk; mikg;ghFk;. 2. ,jd; mq;fj;jpdh; cWg;G ehLfspd; Fbkf;fshy; Neubahf Njh;e;njLf;fg;gLfpd;wdh;. 3. ,jd; jiyikafk; gpuhd;rpy; cs;s ];l;uh];gh;f; vd;Dkplj;jpy; cs;sJ. 4. jw;NghJ ,jpy; 736 mq;fj;jpdh; cs;sdh;. 5. ,th;fspd; gjtpf;fhyk; Ie;J Mz;Lfs; MFk;.

5. INuhg;gpa xd;wpa ePjpkd;wj;jpd; gzpfisf; Fwpg;gpLf. 1. INuhg;gpa ePjpkd;wk;> INuhg;gpa xd;wpak; Nkw;nfhs;Sk; midj;J cld;gbf;iffSk;>

kd;wj;jpd; rl;lq;fSf;F cl;gl;ljh vd;gij jPh;khdpf;fpwJ. 2. ,k;kd;wj;jpd; jPh;g;GfSk;> xd;wpaj;jpd; rl;lq;fSk; cWg;G ehLfs; midj;ijAk;

fl;Lg;gLj;Jk;.

6. A+Nuhtpd; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; gw;wp eP mwpe;jtw;iw vOJf. 1. INuhg;gpa xd;wpaj;jpd; xw;iw ehza Kiw „A+Nuh‟ vd;wiof;fg;gLfpwJ. ,jd; FwpaPL € MFk;. 2. rdthp 1> 2002-y; a+Nuh eilKiwf;F te;jJ. 3. “tzpf ghpth;j;jidf;fhd jilfis fisfpwJ. jilaw;w tzpfj;ij Nkd;ikAwr;

nra;fpwJ.”


RUf;fkhd tpilasp:

1. 1857Mk; Mz;L ngUk; Gul;rpf;fhd r%f kw;Wk; rkaf; fhuzq;fs; ahit? 1. r%ff; fhuzq;fs;

1. ,e;jpahtpy; Nkiyehl;L gz;ghLk;> Mq;fpy fy;tpAk; Ntfkhf gutpajhy; goikthjpfs; tpUk;gtpy;iy.

2. rjp vDk; cld;fl;ilNaWjiyj; jLj;jy;> ngz; rpR nfhiyiaj; jLj;jy;> tpjitfs; kWkzj;ij rl;lkhf;fy; Nghd;wtw;iw ,e;Jf;fs; tpUk;gtpy;iy

2. rkaf; fhuzq;fs; 1. kjk; khwpa fpwp];Jth;fSf;F Kd;Ndhh;fspd; nrhj;Jfspy; chpik toq;fp ,e;Jf;fs;

fpwp];Jth;fshf kjk; khWtij Mq;fpNya muR Cf;Ftpj;jJ. 2. Nfhapy;fSf;Fk; k#jpfSf;Fk; nrhe;jkhd epyq;fspd; kPJ Mq;fpNyah; thp tpjpj;jdh;.

2. ngUk; Gul;rpapy; <Lgl;l Kf;fpaj; jiyth;fs; kw;Wk; Kf;fpa ,lq;fisf; Fwpg;gpLf. (AP-14, JU-13,14 ,SE-12) 1. ,uz;lhk; gfJ}h;\h - nly;yp 4. ehdhrhfpg;> jhe;jpahNjhg; - fhd;g+h; 2. [hd;rpuhzp ,yl;Rkpgha; - kj;jpa ,e;jpah 5. fd;th;rpq; - gPfhh;. 3. Ngfk; `];uj; k`hy; - yf;Ndh

3. nly;ypapy; eilngw;w ngUk; Gul;rp gw;wp vOJf. 1. Gul;rpahsh;fsplk; ,Ue;j nly;ypia Mq;fpy uhZt mjpfhupfs; kPl;ldh;. 2. ifg;gw;wg;gl;l nly;ypapy; Mapuf;fzf;fhd kf;fs; Mq;fpNyah;fshy; ,uf;fkpd;wp

nfhy;yg;gl;ldh;. 3. nkhfyha kd;dh; ,uz;lhk; gfJ}h; \h rpiwgpbf;fg;gl;L MAs; ifjpahf uq;$Df;F ehL

flj;jg;gl;lhh;.

4. tpf;Nlhupah kfhuhzpapd; Nguwpf;ifapd; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; ahJ? (JU-12,15) 1. ,e;jpa kf;fspd; kfhrhrdk; vd;W fUjg;gl;lJ. 2. Mq;fpy muNr ,dp ,e;jpahit Ml;rp nra;Ak;. 3. ,e;jpahtpd; jiyik MSeh; mur gpujpepjp vd;W miof;fg;gLthh;. 4. ,e;jpahtpd; goikahd gz;ghLk;> gof;f tof;fq;fSk; kjpf;fg;gLk;.



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5. Gul;rpapd; NghJ Mq;fpNyahpd; kuzj;jpw;F fhuzkhf ,Ue;jth;fisj; jtpu kw;wth;fSf;F kd;dpg;G toq;fg;gl;lJ.

5. ,e;jpahtpd; thzpgj;ij Mq;fpNyah; vt;thW Klf;fpdh;? 1. ,e;jpag; nghUl;fSf;F ,q;fpyhe;jpy; mjpf fhg;G thpAk;> Mq;fpNya nghUl;fSf;F

,e;jpahtpy; Fiwe;j thpAk; tpjpf;fg;gl;lJ 2. ,e;jpa nerthsh;fs; kw;Wk; iftpidf; fiyQh;fs; Mq;fpNyahpd; tpUg;gg;gb njhopy;

GhpAkhW fl;lhag;gLj;jg;gl;ldh;. 3. ,e;jpa njhopyhsh;fSf;F Fiwe;j Cjpak; toq;fg;gl;ljhy; njhopy; kPJ Mh;tk; Fiwe;jJ.

,t;thW Mq;fpNyah; ,e;jpa thzpgj;ij Klf;fpdh;.

6. 1857Mk; Mz;L ele;j Gul;rpapd; cldbf; fhuzk; ahJ? (AP-13, SE-14, AP-16) 1. ,e;jpa ,uhZtj;jpy; Mq;fpNyauhy; Gjpa vd;gPy;L uf Jg;ghf;fp mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. 2. Njhl;lhf;fspd; NkYiwfspy; jltg;gl;bUe;j girahdJ gRtpd; nfhOg;G vd;Wk; gd;wpapd;

nfhOg;G vd;Wk; tje;jp fpsg;gg;gl;lJ. 3. ,e;Jf;fSk; K];yPk;fSk; ,j;Njhl;lhf;fisg; gad;gLj;JtJ jq;fsJ rkaf; Nfhl;ghl;bw;F

vjpuhdJ vd;W fUjpdu;. 4. ,ij rpg;gha;fs; cgNahfpf;f kWj;J> Gul;rpapy; <Lgl;ldh;. ,JNt Gul;rpf;F cldbf;

fhuzkhf mike;jJ.

7. Gul;rp Vd; ,e;jpah KOtJk; guttpy;iy? (AP-12,SE-15) 1. Gul;rp ,e;jpah KOtJk; guthky; tl ,e;jpahtpy; kl;LNk eilngw;wJ. 2. ,e;jpa kd;dh;fSk;> [kPd;jhh;fSk; ,g;Gul;rpapy; gq;Nfw;ftpy;iy. 3. Gul;rpia Mjupf;fhj ,e;jpa murh;fs; eLepiy tfpj;jdh;. 4. gbj;j ,e;jpah;fs; ,g;Gul;rpia Mjupf;ftpy;iy. 5. Mq;fpNyah; trk; jghy; kw;Wk; je;jp ,Ue;jjhy; Gul;rp kw;w ,lq;fSf;F guthky; ,Ue;jJ.


1. gpuhh;j;jdh rkh[k; Fwpg;G tiuf 1. lhf;lh; Mj;kuhk; ghz;Luq; vd;gtuhy; Kk;igapy; 1867y; Njhw;Wtpf;fg;gl;lJ. 2. rkge;jp czT> fyg;G jpUkzk;> tpjitfs; kWkzk;> Foe;ij jpUkz xopg;G Nghd;w eltbf;ifapy; <Lgl;lJ. 3. jho;j;jg;gl;l kf;fSf;fhf ,uTg; gs;spfs;> mdhij ,y;yq;fs; kw;Wk; ghJfhg;G ,y;yq;fis elj;jpaJ. 4. kfhNjt Nfhtpe;j uhdNl ,r;rigapd; Kd;Ndw;wj;jpw;fhf jd; tho;f;if KOtijAk;

mh;g;gzpj;jhh;.

2. Mupa rkh[j;jpd; gzpfs; ahit? (AP-12,14,SE-12,13) 1. tpyq;Ffis gypapLjy;> cUt topghL> %lg;gof;ftof;fq;fs;> nrhh;f;fk;> eufk; Nghd;w

Nfhl;ghLfis vjph;j;jJ. 2. Foe;ij kzk;> gyjhu kzk;> gh;jh mzpjy;> cld; fl;il VWjy; Nghd;wtw;iw vjph;j;jJ. 3. ngz; fy;tp> fyg;G kzk;> rkge;jp czT> jho;j;jg;gl;Nlhh; Kd;Ndw;wj;jpw;F ghLgl;lJ. 4. jahde;jh Mq;fpNyh Ntjpf; gs;spfis epWtp> Ntjk; kw;Wk; Mq;fpy fy;tpia gapw;Wtpj;jJ.

3. gpuk;k Qhd rigapd; nfhs;iffs; ahit? 1. kf;fspilNa rNfhju czh;it Vw;gLj;JtJ. 2. gz;ila rkaq;fs;> jj;Jtq;fs;> mwptpay; kw;Wk; ,aw;if epajpfis mwpe;J kf;fspilNa

nja;tPf rf;jpfis tsh;g;gJ.

4. ts;syhupd; Nghjidfs; ahit? (AP-15, JU-12, SE-14) 1. “,iwtd; N[hjp tbthdtd;” kw;Wk; “mUl;ngUk; N[hjpahf ,Uf;fpwhh;”. 2. kdpj ,dj;jpw;F nra;Ak; njhz;Nl Nkhl;rj;ij miltjw;fhd top. 3. flTs;> fUiz kw;Wk; mwpT tbtkhfj; jpfo;fpd;whh;. 4. flTis milAk; top caph;fsplj;J fhl;Lk; fUizAk;> ,uf;fKk; MFk;. 5. gpwg;gpdhy; Vw;gLk; Vw;wj; jho;Tfis vjph;j;jhh;. 6. [Pt fhUz;aj;ij Nghjpj;jhh;.

5. rhjpapypUe;J tpyf;fg;gl;Nlhh; eyr;rq;fj;jpd; Fwpf;Nfhs; vd;d? 1. jho;j;jg;gl;l kf;fis kw;wth;fSf;F ,izahf rKjhaj;jpYk;> murpaypYk; cah;j;JtNj

rhjpapypUe;J tpyf;fg;gl;Nlhh; eyr;rq;fj;jpd; Nehf;fkhFk;.



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6. 19Mk; E}w;whz;bd; r%f kw;Wk; rka rPh;jpUj;j ,af;fq;fspd; tpisTfisf; Fwpg;gpLf. (JU-14) 1. r%ff; nfhLikfshd cld;fl;il VWjy;> Foe;ijj;jpUkzk;> gyjhu kzk;> jPz;lhik

Mfpatw;iw xopj;jJ. 2. ngz;fy;tp> tpjit kWkzk;> fyg;G jpUkzk;> rkge;jp czTKiw gyuhYk;

Vw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gl;ld. 3. kf;fspilNa rKjha vOr;rp> Njrpa czh;T ngUfpl toptFj;jJ. 4. jq;fspd; fyhr;rhuk; kw;Wk; ngUikfis kf;fs; mwpe;Jf; nfhz;lhh;fs;. 5. mwptpay; kw;Wk; Neh;ikahd topapy; gpur;ridfis kf;fs; jPh;T fhzj; njhlq;fpdh;.


1. ,e;jpa gj;jpupf;if kw;Wk; ,yf;fpak; ,e;jpa Njrpa ,af;fk; cUthf vt;thW top tFj;jJ? 1. tl;lhu nkhopfspy; nra;jpj;jhs;fs; Mq;fpNyaUf;F vjpuhf fUj;Jf;fis ntspapl;ld. 2. ,e;jpad; kpuh;> gk;gha; rkhr;rh;> mkpu;j g[hu; gj;jpupfh> ,e;J> Nfrup> kuhj;jh Nghd;w

gj;jpupf;iffs; kf;fspilNa Njrpa tpopg;Gzh;T Vw;gLj;jpd. 3. gf;fpk; re;jpu rl;lh;[p> ,utPe;jpuehj; jh$h;> Rg;gpukzpa ghujpahh; Nghd;w vOj;jhsh;fspd; vOj;Jf;fs; ,e;jpa kf;fspilNa Njrpa czh;itg; nghq;fpnaor; nra;jd.

2. ,e;jpa Njrpa fhq;fpu]pd; Fwpf;Nfhs;fs; ahit? (SE-13,15) 1. rl;lkd;wq;fis tphpTgLj;j Ntz;Lk;. 2. fy;tpiag; gug;g eltbf;if Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. 3. gj;jphpf;ifr; Rje;jpuk; toq;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. 4. ,uhZt nryTfis Fiwf;f Ntz;Lk;. 5. ,e;jpah;fis cah;gjtpfspy; epakpf;f Ntz;Lk;.

3. rpy Kf;fpa kpjthjpfspd; ngah;fis Fwpg;gpLf. (AP-13, JU-14) 1. RNue;jpuehj; ghdh;[p 2. jhjhgha; nesNuh[p 3. ngNuh\h Nkj;jh 4. Nfhghy fpU\;z NfhfNy 5. vk;.[p. uhdNl.

4. K];yPk; yPf; Njhw;wk; gw;wp rpW Fwpg;G tiuf. 1. K];yPk;fs; jq;fs; Kd;Ndw;wj;jpw;fhfTk;> ghJfhg;gpw;fhfTk; jdpahf xU mikg;G Njit

vd;gij czh;e;jjhy; K];yPk; yPf; cUthdJ. 2. 1906 Mk; Mz;L ethg; rypKy;yhfhd; vd;gth; jiyikapy; K];yPk; yPf; fl;rp

Njhw;Wtpf;fg;gl;lJ

5. 1916-Mk; Mz;L Njrpa fhq;fpu]pd; yf;Ndh khehl;bd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ijf; $W. (AP-12, JU-12) 1. kpjthjpfSk;> jPtputhjpfSk; xd;Wgl;ldh;. 2. Rje;jpuk; ngw fhq;fpuRk;> K];yPk;fSk; xd;Wgl ifnaOj;jpl;ldh;. 3. NeU> fhe;jp ,UtUk; Kjd; Kiwahf re;jpj;Jf; nfhz;ldh;.


1. 1935-Mk; Mz;L ,e;jpa muR rl;lk; GFj;jpa khw;wq;fs; ahit? 1. khfhzq;fspy; jd;dhl;rp mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. 2. khfhzq;fspy; nray;gl;L te;j ,ul;il Ml;rp xopf;fg;gl;lJ. 3. kj;jpapy; $l;lhl;rp murhq;fk; Vw;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. 4. $l;lhl;rp uprh;t; tq;fp epWtg;gLjy;. 5. khepy gpur;rpidfis jPh;j;J itf;f $l;lhl;rp ePjpkd;wk; epWtg;gl;lJ.

2. yh$h; fhq;fpu]; khehl;bd; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; vd;d? (AP-15) 1. 1929 Mk; Mz;L fhq;fpu]; khehL yh$upy; [t`h;yhy; NeU jiyikapy; eilngw;wJ. 2. ,k;khehl;by; G+uz Rje;jpuk; ngWtNj ,e;jpa fhq;fpurpd; Nehf;fk; vd mwptpf;fg;gl;lJ.

2A. yh$u; fhq;fpu]; khehl;by; K];yPk; yPf; fl;rp jPu;khdj;jpd; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; ahJ? (Mq;fpytop Gj;jfj;jpy; cs;s tpdh) 1. KfkJ myp [pd;dh yh$upy; 1940 khu;r; khjk; ele;j khehl;by; jdJ jdpehL Nfhupf;ifia ntspapl;lhu;.

2. jdJ ,U ehl;L nfhs;if %yk; ,e;jpa ehl;il ,e;Jf;fSf;F ,e;jpah vd;Wk;> K];yPk;fSf;F ghfp];jhd; vd;Wk; gpupf;f Ntz;Lnkd;W typAWj;jpdhu;.

3. K];yPk;fspd; jha;ehlhf ghfp];jhd; tpsq;fNtz;Lk; vdTk;> K];yPk;fs; mjpfkhf thOk; khepyq;fs; ghfp];jhdpy; mlq;Fk; vdTk; mwptpj;jhu;.



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3. 1929-Mk; Mz;L yh$h; fhq;fpu]; khehl;by; ,aw;wg;gl;l jPh;khdq;fs; ahit? 1. NeU jiyikapy; eilngw;wJ. 2. G+uz Rje;jpuk; ngWtNj fhq;fpu]pd; Nehf;fk;. 3. khehl;by; %th;zf; nfhb Vw;wg;gl;lJ. 4. te;Nj khjuk; Kjd; Kjyhf ghlg;gl;lJ

4. mikr;ruit J}Jf; FO – Fwpg;G tiuf. (SE-15) 1. 1946Mk; Mz;L ngjpf;yhud;];> V.tp.mnyf;]hz;lh;> fphpg;]; %th; mlq;fpa FO ,e;jpahtpw;F

te;jJ. 2. murpay; eph;za rig mikf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk; vd $wpaJ. 3. ,ilf;fhy muR mikf;fTk; $l;lhl;rp muR mikaTk; ghpe;Jiu nra;jJ.

5. ghfp];jhdpy; cs;slf;fpa khepyq;fspd; ngah;fis Fwpg;gpLf. 1. Nkw;F gQ;rhg; 2. rpe;J 3. tlNkw;F vy;iyGw khfhzk; 4. fpof;F tq;fhsk; 5. mrhk; khepyj;jpYs;s rpy;`l; khtl;lk; Nghd;witahFk;


1. NtY}h; fyfk; - Fwpg;G tiuf. (SE-12, 13) 1. 1806 [{iy 10 Mk; ehs; eilngw;wJ. 2. ,e;J tPuh;fs; jq;fs; new;wpapy; rkaf; Fwpfis ,lf;$lhJ. 3. K];yPk; tPuh;fs; jhb> kPiria ntl;bf;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. 4. ,J ,uhZt tPuu;fspilNa fLk; mjpUg;jpia Vw;gLj;jpaJ. 5. ,jdhy; jpg;Gtpd; kfs; jpUkzj;jpy; fye;J nfhz;l tPuh;fs; NtY}h; Nfhl;ilia ifg;gw;wp

jpg;Gtpd; nfhbia Vw;wpdh;. 6. jpg;Gtpd; kfd; gNjf; i`jh; muruhf mwptpf;fg;gl;lhh;. 7. ,f;fpsh;r;rp Mq;fpNyah;fshy; mlf;fg;gl;lJ.

2. jpUg;g+h; Fkud; gw;wp ckf;F vd;d njhpAk;? (SE-15) 1. <NuhL khtl;lk; nrd;dpkiyapy; jpUg;G+h; Fkud; 1904Mk; Mz;L gpwe;jhh;. 2. Njrpaf; nfhbf;nfjpuhd fpsh;r;rpapy; <Lgl;L fhty; Jiwapdhpd; jhf;Fjyhy; caph; Jwe;jhh;. 3. rhFk; jUthapy; Njrpaf; nfhbia ifapy; Ve;jp jdJ Njrg;gw;iw ntspg;gLj;jpajhy; „nfhb

fhj;j Fkud‟; vd Nghw;wg;gLfpwhh;. 4. jkpof muR jpUg;G+h; ,uapy; epiyaj;jpw;F mUfpYs;s G+q;fhtpy; ,tuJ rpiyia

epWtpAs;sJ.

3. Rg;gpukzpa rpth gw;wp vOJf. (JU-15) 1. jpz;Lf;fy; khtl;lj;jpy; tj;jyf;Fz;L fpuhkj;jpy; Rg;gpukzpa rpth gpwe;jhh;. 2. Mq;fpNyaUf;F vjpuhd eltbf;ifapy; <Lgl;ljhy; gy Kiw rpiw nrd;Ws;shh;. 3. rpiwapy; ,Ue;jNghJ njhO Nehahy; ghjpf;fg;gl;ljhy; rpiwapypUe;J tpLtpf;fg;gl;lhh;. 4. ,uapy; gazk; nry;y jil tpjpf;fg;gl;ljhy; jkpofj;ij ePz;l eil gazkhfNt Nkw;nfhz;L

1925y; fhykhdhh;.

4. Rje;jpu Nghuhl;lj;jpy; thQ;rpehjdpd; gq;F gw;wp vOJf. 1. thQ;rpehjd; jpUtpjhq;$h; rk];jhdj;jpy; gzpahw;wpdhh;. 2. jpUney;Ntyp khtl;l Ml;rpah; M\; vd;gth; ehd;F Ngiu Rl;Lf;nfhd;whh;. 3. ,jw;F gopjPh;f;f epidj;j thQ;rpehjd; kzpahr;rp Giftz;b epiyaj;jpy; 1911 Mk; Mz;L

Mi\ Rl;Lf;nfhd;W> jhKk; jw;nfhiy nra;J nfhz;lhh;.

5. 1907 Mk; Mz;L ghujpahh; ntspapl;l gj;jphpf;iffis Fwpg;gpLf. 1. jkpo; thu gj;jpupf;if – ,e;jpah 2. Mq;fpy gj;jpupf;if – ghy ghujk;

6. Rg;gpukzpa ghujpahupd; xU rpy ghly;fis vOJf. (AP-15) 1. te;Nj khjuk; 2. mr;rkpy;iy mr;rkpy;iy 3. ve;ijAk; jhAk; 4. n[a ghujk;



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7. Nkauhf rj;jpa%h;j;jpapd; Nritfs; ahit? 1. 1939 Mk; Mz;L nrd;id Nkauhf ,Ue;j rj;jpa%h;j;jp kf;fspd; FbePh; gw;whf;Fiwia

Nghf;f 50 fp.kP J}uj;jpy; G+z;b vd;Dkplj;jpy; FbePh; Njf;fk; fl;bdhh;. ,j;Njf;fk; rj;jpa%h;j;jp rhfh; vd miof;fg;gLfpwJ.

2. nghJf;fy;tp> jukhd FbePh; toq;fy; kw;Wk; tskhd tho;T Nghd;witfis kf;fSf;F toq;f ghLgl;lhh;.

8. fhkuhrupd; eyj;jpl;lg; gzpfs; gw;wp Fwpg;G tiuf. (AP-14,JU-13) 1. kjpa czT jpl;lk; Vw;gLj;jpaJ 2. Gjpa gs;spfisj; jpwe;J> ,ytrf; fy;tp toq;fpaJ. 3. fhy;tha;fis ntl;baJ 4. Gjpa mizfis fl;baJ 5. Ntshz;ikia Nkk;gLj;jpaJ 6. Gjpa njhopw;rhiyfs; mikj;jJ Nghd;w gy eyj;jpl;lq;fis fhkuhrh; Nkw;nfhz;lhh;.

9. muir cUthf;Fgth; vd fhkuhrh; fUjg;gLtJ Vd;? (SE-14) 1. 1964 Mk; Mz;L NeU kiwe;j gpwF yhy; gfJ}h; rh];jpupia gpujkuhf;Ftjpy; fhkuhrh;

Kf;fpa gq;F tfpj;jhh;. 2. 1966 Mk; Mz;L yhy; gfJ}h; rh];jpup kiwtpw;Fg; gpd; ,e;jpuh fhe;jpia gpujkuhf;Ftjpy;

fhkuhrh; Kf;fpa gq;F tfpj;jhh;. vdNt muir cUthf;Fgth; vd fhkuhrh; Nghw;wg;gl;lhh;.


1. ePjpf;fl;rpapd; Ml;rp gw;wp RUf;fkhf tpilasp. 1. 1920 Rg;guhaY 2. 1923 b.vk;. rptQhdk; 3. 1926 Rg;guhaY 4. 1930 Kdprhkp ehAL 5. 1932 nghg;gpyp ,uh[h jiyikapy; ePjpf;fl;rp Ml;rp mikj;jJ.

2. Rakhpahij ,af;fj;jpd; Nehf;fq;fs; ahit? (AP-13, 15,JU-12,15) 1. Rakhpahij ,af;fk; kjk;> [hjp> murpay; kw;Wk; rKjhaj;jpy; ghh;g;gdh;fspd; Mjpf;fj;ij fLikahf vjph;g;gJ. 2. %l ek;gpf;iffisAk;> goikthjj;ijAk; xopf;fg; ghLgl;lJ. 3. ngz; fy;tp> tpjitfs; kWkzk;> fyg;Gj; jpUkzk; kw;Wk; Foe;ijj; jpUkz Kiw xopg;G Mfpatw;wpw;fhf FunyOg;gpaJ.

3. nghpahh; itf;fk; tPuh; vd Vd; miof;fg;gl;lhh;? (JU-13, AP-14, SE-14, AP-16) 1. 1924y; Nfushtpy; cs;s itf;fj;jpy; eilngw;w rj;jpahfpufg; Nghuhl;lj;jpy; gq;Nfw;W

jho;j;jg;gl;l kf;fspd; “Mya EioT jilr; rl;lj;ij” vjph;j;Jg; Nghuhbdhu;. 2. ,Wjpapy; jpUtpjhq;$h; muR Mya EioT jilr; rl;lj;ijj; jsh;j;jp> midtUk;

Myaj;jpw;Fs; Eioayhk; vd mwptpj;jJ. 3. ,jd; fhuzkhf nghpahUf;F “itf;fk; tPuh;” vd;w gl;lk; toq;fg;gl;lJ.

4. jkpof Kjyikr;ruhf rp.vd;.mz;zhJiu Mw;wpa gzpfis Fwpg;gpLf. 1. 1967 Mk; Mz;L jkpof Kjyikr;ruhd mz;zh xU &gha;f;F xU gb mhprp jpl;lj;ij mwpKfg;gLj;jpdhh;. 2. mz;zh jkpo; nkhop tsh;r;rp jpl;lj;ij mwptpj;jhh;. 3. rpj;jpiu Kjy; Njjpia jkpo; GJ tUl ehshf mwptpj;jhh;. 4. nrd;id khepyk; jkpo; ehL vd ngah; khw;wk; nra;ag;gl;lJ.

5. Njtjhrp Kiw xopg;gpw;F Kj;Jnyl;Rkp nul;bapd; Nghuhl;lj;ij tpsf;Ff. (AP-12, SE-12) 1. jkpof rl;l Nkyit cWg;gpduhf epakdk; nra;ag;gl;l Kj;Jyl;Rkp nul;b Njtjhrp Kiwia

xopf;f ghLgl;lhh;. 2. Nkyit cWg;gpduha; ,Ue;J> fhe;jpabfs;> nghpahh;> jpU.tp.f. Nghd;w jiyth;fis re;jpj;J

jdJ vz;zj;jpw;F MjuT jpul;bdhh;.

6. jkpo; Mrphpah;fSf;fhf lhf;lh;.jHkhk;ghspd; njhz;bid tpsf;Ff. (JU-14) 1. 1940 Mk; Mz;L tiu jkpohrpupah;fSf;F kjpg;Gk; ,y;iy CjpaKk; cautpy;iy. 2. vdNt jUkhk;ghs; „,oT thuk;‟ vd;w Nghuhl;lj;ij njhlq;fpdhh;. 3. ,jd; tpisthf fy;tp mikr;ruhf ,Ue;j mtpehrpypq;fk; nrl;bahh; gpw Mrphpah;fSf;F ,izahd Cjpaj;ij jkpo; Mrphpah;fSf;Fk; toq;f cj;jutpl;lhh;.



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7. %tY}h; ,uhkhkph;jk; jdJ rKjhaj;jpw;F Mw;wpa gzpfis gw;wp vOJf. 1. ,irNtshsh; Fyj;jpy; ngz;fs; ,iwg;gzp kw;Wk; fiyg;gzpf;fhf mh;g;gzpf;fg;gl;L

gpuGf;fs; kw;Wk; [kPd;jhh;fshy; mtkhdg;gLj;jg;gl;lij vjph;j;J ,uhkhkph;jk; Nghuhbdhh;. 2. ehL KOtJk; jq;fs; ,dg; ngz;fSf;F ,iof;fg;gLk; mePjpfis vLj;Jf; $wpAk; nghpahh;>

Kj;Jyl;Rkp nul;b> jpU.tp.f. MfpNahupd; MjuTk; ngw;whh;. 3. Njtjhrp xopg;G rl;lk; nfhz;Ltu ,tuJ Nghuhl;lk; Njrpa mstpy; ngz;fis tpopg;gila nra;jJ.

,uz;L kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs; - Gtpapay;


1. ,e;jpahtpd; Kf;fpa ,aw;if mikg;Gg; gphpTfs; ahit? (AP-12, 14,JU-13, SE-12, AP-16) 1. tlf;F kiyfs; 2. tl ngUk; rkntspfs; 3. jPgfw;g gPlg+kp 4. flw;fiur; rkntspfs; 5. jPTfs;.

2. ,kakiyfspd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;jpy; VNjDk; ,uz;bidf; $Wf. (AP-15,JU-15,SE-13,) 1. ,e;jpahtpd; ,aw;if muzhf mike;Js;sJ. 2. ,kakiy me;epa gilnaLg;ig jLf;fpwJ 3. tl ,e;jpa ejpfs; cw;gj;jpahfpwJ. 4. njd;Nkw;F gUtf;fhw;wpid jLj;J mjpf kiog;nghopitj; jUfpwJ.

3. ,e;jpahtpd; tlf;F kiyfspYs;s ,uz;L Kf;fpa Gdpjj; jyq;fis Fwpg;gpLf. (SE-13,15) 1. mkh;ehj; 2. Nfjhh;ehj; 3. gj;hpehj; 4. it\;ztp Njtp Nfhtpy;.

4. Nkw;F flw;fiug; gFjpapy; nly;lhf;fis mikf;fhj MWfs; vit? 1. eh;kij 2. jgjp 3. khfp 4. rgh;kjp

5. ,e;jpaj; jPTf; $l;lq;fs; ahit? (AP-13,JU-12, 14, SE-14) 1. me;jkhd; epf;Nfhghh; jPTfs; 2. ,yl;rj;jPTfs;.

2. ,e;jpah - fhyepiy

1. ,e;jpaf; fhyepiyia eph;zapf;Fk; fhuzpfspd; ngah;fis vOJf. (AP-12, 14,JU-12, SE-12, 13,) 1. ml;rq;fs; 2. cauk; 3. flypypUe;J J}uk; 4. fhw;W. 5. kiyfspd; mikT.

2. gUtf;fhw;W vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ? (AP-13, JU-14) 1. khd;#d; vd;w nrhy; nksrpk; vd;w mNugpar; nrhy;yhFk;. 2. Nfhilf;fhyj;jpw;Fk; Fsph;fhyj;jpw;Fk; ,ilNa jq;fsJ jpiria KOtJk; khw;wpf; nfhz;L

tPRk; fhw;WfSf;F gUtfhw;W vd;W ngah;.

3. ntg;g kz;ly gUtf;fhw;Wf; fhyj;jpd; Kf;fpaf; $Wfs; ahit? (SE-15) 1. tPRk; jpiria nfhz;L njd;Nkw;F gUtf;fhw;W kw;Wk; tlfpof;F gUtf;fhw;W vd ,U

tifahf gphpf;fyhk;. 2. epyk; kw;Wk; fly;> ntg;gk; miltjpy; Vw;gLk; khWghl;lhy; cUthfpd;wd. 3. gUt fhyq;fis khw;wp khw;wp mikg;gJ ,jd; Kf;fpa mk;rkhFk;.

4. n[l; fhw;Wfs; vd;why; vd;d? mit vt;thW ,e;jpahtpd; fhyepiyia ghjpf;fpwJ? 1. tspkz;lyj;jpd; cah; mLf;Ffspy; fhzg;gLk; fhw;Nwhl;lj;jpid n[l; fhw;Wfs; vd;fpNwhk;. 2. gUtfhyj;jpd; njhlf;f fhyj;ijAk;> mJ KbtilAk; fhyj;ijAk; eph;zapf;fpd;wd. 3. gQ;rhg;> `hpahdh gFjpfspy; fLk; kioia Njhw;Wtpf;fpd;wd.

5. kpf mjpf kiongWk; gFjpfspd; ngah;fis Fwpg;gpLf. (AP-15,JU-13) 1. fpof;F ,kakiyapd; njw;F rhpT. 2. m];]hk; 3. Nkw;F tq;fhsk;. 4. nfhq;fzk; 5. kyghh; flw;fiu.

6. ‘gUtkio ntbg;G’ vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ? (SE-14) 1. njd; Nkw;F gUtfhyk; Muk;gj;jpy;> ,b kpd;dYld; $ba kioia mspg;gijNa „gUtkio

ntbg;G‟ vd;gh;. 2. Nfusj;jpd; njd; gFjpia milAk; NghJ njd; Nkw;F gUt fhyk; Muk;gpf;fpwJ.



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3. ,e;jpah - ,aw;if tsq;fs;;

1. ‘,aw;if tsk;’ vd;why; vd;d? (AP-12,14, SE-14) md;whl tho;tpd; Njitfis epiwT nra;a ,aw;ifapypUe;J ngwg;gLk; nghUl;fis ,aw;if

tsq;fs; vd;fpNwhk;. v.fh. #hpad;> fhw;W> ePh;

2. nrOikahd kz;zpy; fhzg;gLk; nghUl;fs; ahit? (JU-13,SE-15) 1. kpf Ez;zpa rj;Jf;fs;

fe;jfk;> FNshupd;> nrk;G> khq;fdPR> ,Uk;G> Nfhghy;l;> Jj;jehfk; 2. nghpa rj;Jg; nghUl;fs;

iel;u[d;> nghl;lhrpak;> gh];Ngl;Lfs;

3. ntg;g kz;ly gRik khwhf; fhLfspd; VNjDk; ehd;F mk;rq;fisf; Fwpg;gpLf. (JU-12, 14) 1. gRik khwhky; ,Uf;Fk; 2. ,iyfs; cjph;tjpy;iy 3. kpf mlh;e;J fhzg;gLk; 4. kuq;fs; 60 kPl;lh; cauk; tiu tsUk; 5. 200 nr.kP. Nky; kio nghopT ngWk; 6. Nuh]; kuk;> vghdp> kNfhfdp> ug;gu;> rpd;Nfhdh> %q;fpy; kw;Wk; yadh]; Nghd;wit

tsh;fpd;wd.

4. FWq;fhLfs; kw;Wk; Kl;Gjh;f; fhLfs; - nghUs; $Wf. (JU-15) 1. FWq;fhLfs; kw;Wk; Kl;Gjh;f; fhLfspYs;s kuq;fs; epyj;jbapy; ntF Moj;jpy; cs;s ePiu

cwpQ;rf;$ba ePz;l Nth;fisf; nfhz;litfshf cs;sd. 2. ePh; Mtpahjiyf; Fiwg;gjw;F mlh;e;j rpwpa ,iyfis ngw;Ws;sd. 3. ,it Kl;fSld; fhzg;gLk;. 4. jbj;j kug;gl;ilfis nfhz;Ls;sd.

5. ,e;jpahtpy; ikf;fh cw;gj;jpahFk; ,lq;fs; ahit? (AP-13,15,16, SE-12,14) 1. Me;jpugpuNjrk; 2. [hh;f;fz;l; 3. gPfhh; 4. ,uh[];jhd;.

4. ,e;jpah - Ntshz; njhopy;;

1. Ntshz; njhopiy eph;zapf;Fk; fhuzpfs; ahit? (AP-15) 1. epyj;Njhw;wk; 2. fhyepiy 3. kz;tif 4. ePh;.

2. Ntshz; njhopypd; tiffs; ahit? (AP-14, JU-12, 13, 14,SE-12) 1. goikahd Ntshz;ik 2. jd;dpiwT Ntshz;ik 3. tzpf Ntshz;ik 4. Njhl;l Ntshz;ik.

3. ,e;jpa Ntshz;ikapd; gUt fhyq;fs; ahit? (AP-13) 1. fhhp/g;. 2. uhgp. 3. iraj;.

4. jpid tifg;gaph;fs; vq;F Vd; gaphplg;gLfpd;wd? 1. kj;jpa gpuNjrk; 2. Me;jpug;gpuNjrk; 3. jkpo;ehL 4. xbrh 5. gPfhh; Mfpa khepyq;fspy;

gaphplg;gLfpwJ 2. ,g;gaph;fs; tskw;w kz;zpy; tsu;tjhYk;> twl;rpiaj; jhq;FtjhYk; Nkw;fz;l khepyq;fspy;

gaphplg;gLfpd;wd.

5. gUj;jp tpisAk; ,lq;fis $Wf. (SE-13,15, AP-16) 1. F[uhj; 2. kfhuh\;buk; 3. Me;jpugpuNjrk; 4. fh;ehlfh 5. jkpo;ehL 6. gQ;rhg; 7. kj;jpagpuNjrk;

6. Njhl;lg; gaph;fs; ahit? (AP-12, JU-15, SE-14) 1. Njapiy 2. fhg;gp 3. ,ug;gh; 4. goq;fs; 5. fha;fwpfs;.

5. ,e;jpah – njhopyfq;fs;; 1. cw;gj;jp vd;why; vd;d? (SE-15)

1. ,aw;if tsq;fis EfUk; nghUl;fshf khw;WtNj cw;gj;jp MFk;. 2. ,ae;jpuk;> fUtpfs; kw;Wk; njhopyhsh;fisf; nfhz;L %yg;nghUl;fis gad;gLj;jp

nghUl;fshf jahhpg;gJ v.fh. gUj;jpahil cw;gj;jp



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2. njhopy; miktplj;ij eph;zapf;Fk; fhuzpfs; ahit? (AP-14,16, JU-12, 13) 1. %yg;nghUl;fs; 2. vhprf;jp 3. Nghf;Ftuj;J 4. kdpj rf;jp 5. ePh;tsk; 6. re;ij 7. murhq;f nfhs;iffs;

3. Ntshz; rhh;e;j njhopyfq;fs; vd;why; vd;d? cjhuzk; jUf. (AP-12, 15, JU-14, SE-13,14,) 1. Ntshz; nghUl;fis %yg;nghUl;fshf gad;gLj;JtJ Ntshz; rhh;e;j njhopyfq;fs; MFk;. 2. v.fh. m. gUj;jp - gUj;jp Miyfs;. M. rzy; - rzy; Miyfs;. ,. fUk;G - rh;f;fiu Miyfs;.

4. VNjDk; Ie;J nkd;nghUs; ikaq;fis Fwpg;gpLf. (JU-14) 1. nrd;id 2. ngq;fSU 3. Kk;ig 4. neha;lh 5. nfhy;fj;jh.

5. rzy; nghUl;fs; ahit? (AP-12, 13 JU-15,SE-12,) 1. rzy; igfs; 2. $lhuj;Jzp 3. rpg;gg;igfs; 4. tiyg;igfs; 5. Nfhzpg;igfs; 6. nfl;bahd Jzpfs;

6. Rw;Wr;#oy; gpur;ridfs;;

1. ePh; khriljy; vd;why; vd;d? (AP-15, JU-13, SE-12) 1. ePh; khriljy; vd;gJ Ntjpapay;> ,aw;gpay; my;yJ caphpay; khw;wk; ed;dPhpd; juj;jpy;

Vw;gLtjhFk;. 2. Mf;rp[id cwpQ;Rk; ghf;Bhpah> nghUl;fis mOfr; nra;J ePh; tho; caphpdq;fs; ,wg;gjw;F

fhuzkhfpd;wd.

2. fhw;W khRf;fisg; gl;baypLf (AP-13,16, JU-15) 1. fe;jf-il-Mf;i]L 2. iel;u[d; Mf;i]L 3. fhh;gd; NkhNdh Mf;i]L 4. mq;ff Ntjpapay; nghUl;fs;

3. xyp khriljy; vd;why; vd;d? (SE-13,15) 1. kdpjh;fs; my;yJ ,ae;jpuq;fspdhy; Vw;gLk; xyp> nray;ghLfSf;F ,ilA+whf cs;sJ. 2. xyp khriljy; kdpj> tpyq;Ffspd; rkepiyia ghjpf;fpwJ. 3. ,jid xyp khriljy; vd;fpNwhk;.

4. ePh; khrila Kf;fpa fhuzpfs; ahit? 1. ghf;Bhpah> itu]; fpUkpfs;> GNuhl;NlhN]hth> xl;Lz;zpfs;> GOf;fs; ,it Rj;jpfhpf;fg;glhj

fopT ePh; %yk; guTfpd;wd. 2. Mf;]p[id cwpQ;Rk; ghf;Bhpah> nghUl;fis mOfr; nra;fpwJ. ,it ePh;epiyfspy; fye;J

kPd; ,wf;ff; fhuzkhfpd;wd. 3. ePh; khRf;fshd mkpyq;fs;> cg;G> er;Rg; nghUl;fs;> cNyhfq;fs;> gpsh];bf;> G+r;Rf;

nfhy;ypfs; Nghd;wit ePh;tho; tpyq;fpdq;fSf;F jPq;F tpistpf;fpd;wd.

5. caphpdg; gd;ik vd;why; vd;d? (SE-15) 1. gy;NtW tifg;gl;l caphpdq;fs; xd;whf thOk; Rw;Wr;#oiyNa caphpd gd;ik vd;fpNwhk;

2. caphpdg; gd;ik vd;gJ xU #oypy; tho;fpd;w caphpdq;fspd; NtWghl;il Fwpg;gjhFk;. 3. caphpdg; gd;ik ghjpg;gjhy; caphpdq;fs; kiwfpd;wd. 4. Ruq;fq;fSf;fhf epyq;fis ifafg;gLj;JtJ> mizfl;Ljy; Nghd;w eltbf;iffs; caphpdg;

gd;ikia ghjpf;fpwJ.



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6. caphp-kUj;Jtf; fopT khriljYf;F vt;thW fhuzkhfpwJ? 1. kUj;Jtf; fopTfs; capUf;F Mgj;jhd Neha;fis gug;gf; $bait. 2. 2010-y; nly;yp kUj;Jtkidapy; fjphpaf;f rpfpr;irf;fhfg; gad;gLj;jg;gl;l (Nfhghy;l;-60A)

fopTfspy; fye;J Ntiy nra;jth;fs; ,wg;Gf;F fhuzkhf ,Ue;jJ.

7. kpd;dZtpay; fopT vd;why; vd;d? (AP-14, JU-12) 1. njhiyf;fhl;rp ngl;bfs;> ifNgrp> fzpdp> Fsph;rhjdg;ngl;b> mr;R ,ae;jpuq;fs; Nghd;wit

kpd;dZtpay; fopTg; nghUl;fshFk;. 2. ,e;jpahtpy; Mz;LNjhWk; 3>80>000 ld; kpd;dZtpay; fopTfs; cUthfpd;wd. 3. ,it Rw;Wr;#oiy khrilar; nra;fpwJ.


1. tzpfk; vd;why; vd;d? tzpfj;jpd; tiffs; ahit? (AP-12, 13, 14, 16, JU-15, SE-13) 1. tzpfk; vd;gJ nghUl;fs; kw;Wk; Nritfis thq;FtJk;> tpw;gJk; my;yJ gz;lkhw;wk; nra;Ak;

nraNy MFk;. 2. tzpfj;jpd; tiffs;: 1. cs;ehl;L tzpfk;. 2. gd;dhl;L tzpfk;.

2. ,e;jpahtpd; ntspehl;L tzpff; nfhs;if 2004-,d; Kf;fpa mk;rq;fs; ahit? 1. nghUl;fspd; tpw;gid ,Uklq;F ngUfp cs;sJ. 2. Gwefh; gFjpapYk;> fpuhkg; gFjpfspYk; Ntiy tha;g;gpid Vw;gLj;j ftdk; nrYj;jg;gLfpwJ. 3. tzpfj;jpw;fhd tpjpKiwfs; jsh;j;jg;gl;L Rq;ftup Fiwf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. 4. ,e;jpah cyf tzpf ikakhf cUthf Ntz;Lk; vd;gjpy; jdp ftdk; nrYj;jg;gLfpwJ. 5. goq;fs;> fha;fwpfs;> kyh;fs; kw;Wk; tdg;nghUl;fis Vw;Wkjp nra;a rpwg;G tptrha tsh;r;rp

jpl;lk; tpNr\; fpU\P cgh[;Nah[dh mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ.

3. tzpfk;> Nghf;Ftuj;J kw;Wk; jfty; njhlh;G ,k;%d;Wk; xd;Wf;nfhd;W Nghl;bapLtjhf mike;Js;sJ vt;thW? 1. tzpfk; : tzpf tsh;r;rp ehl;bd; nghUshjhuk; nropg;ghf tsu topNfhYfpwJ. 2. Nghf;Ftuj;J : tzpfk; vd;w nray;Kiw %yk; cgupahf cs;s nghUs;fis gw;whf;Fiwahf

cs;s ,lq;fSf;F vLj;Jr; nry;y NeupLfpwJ. 3. jfty; njhlh;G : tzpf tsh;r;rpahdJ Kd;Ndwpa Nghf;Ftuj;J topfisAk;> jfty; njhlh;igAk;

nghWj;Nj mikfpwJ. 4. vdNt ,k;%d;wpd; xl;Lnkhj;j tsh;r;rpNa xU ehl;bd; nghUshjhu tsh;r;rpf;F mbg;gilahf

mikfpd;wd.

4. vy;iyNahu rhiyfspd; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; ahJ? (JU-13, SE-15) 1. vy;iyNahu rhiyfs; Njrpa tsh;r;rpf;Fk;> Njrpa xw;Wikf;Fk; Xh; milahsr; rpd;dkhFk;. 2. ,it tlf;F kw;Wk; tlfpof;F vy;iyfspy; mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. 3. Njrpa ghJfhg;gpid guhkhpg;gjw;Fk; ,e;jpahtpd; gpupf;f Kbahj xU $whfTk; fUjg;gLfpwJ. 4. ,e;jpa murpd; vy;iyNahu rhiy mikg;G ,jid guhkupj;J tUfpwJ.

5. ,e;jpa ,uapy; Nghf;Ftuj;J mikg;gpy; ,aw;if vt;thW gq;F tfpf;fpwJ? 1. fuL Kulhd epyg;gug;ig nfhz;l ,ka kiyapy; ,uapy; ghijfs; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. 2. twl;rpahd Nkw;F uh[];jhd;> gpuk;kGj;jpuh gs;sj;jhf;F kw;Wk; mlh;e;j fhLfspy; ,uapy;

ghijfs; mike;Js;sd. 3. tl ,e;jpa rkntspapy; ,uapy; ghij mlh;e;J fhzg;gLfpwJ. 4. jPgfw;g ,e;jpah NkL gs;sq;fis cila gFjpapYk; ,uapy; mikg;G nfhz;Ls;sJ.

6. Gwefh; ,uapy; Nghf;Ftuj;J gw;wp Fwpg;G tiuf. 1. Kk;ig> nrd;id> nfhy;fj;jhtpy; Gwefh; ,uapy; Nghf;Ftuj;jpw;F vd jdpahf ,uapy;

ghijfs; cs;sd. 2. ,it Gwefh; gFjp kf;fis efuj;NjhL ,izf;fpd;wd. 3. mit ngUk;ghYk; kpd;rhu ,uapy;fshFk;. 4. rhjhuzkhf xd;gJ ngl;bfisAk;> $l;l Neuq;fspy; $Ljyhd ngl;bfisAk; nfhz;L ,e;j

,uapy;fs; ,aq;Ffpd;wd.

7. Foha; Nghf;Ftuj;jpd; ed;ikfs; ahit? (AP-15, JU-15,SE-12,14,) 1. fuLKulhd jiug;gFjpapYk;> ePUf;fbapYk; mikf;f ,aYk;. 2. ePiu njhiyJ}u efuq;fSf;F nfhz;L nry;y gad;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ. 3. jq;F jilaw;w Nghf;Ftuj;ij cWjp nra;Ak;. 4. ,af;Ftjw;F Fiwe;j msNt vhpnghUs; Njitg;gLk;. 5. guhkhpg;gjw;Fk;> ,af;Ftjw;Fk; nryT FiwT.



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8. ek; ehl;bd; Kf;fpa Foha; Nghf;Ftuj;ijf; Fwpg;gpLf. 1. m];]hk;

Nky; m];]hk; vz;nza; fpzWfspypUe;J nfs`hj;jp> g&dp> myfhghj; topahf cj;jpugpuNjrj;jpYs;s fhd;G+h; tiu nry;Yk; Foha; Nghf;Ftuj;J

2. F[uhj; 1. F[uhj;jpYs;s ryhahtpypUe;J tpuhk;fk;> kJuh> nly;yp> Nrhdpghj; topahf gQ;rhg;gpy;

cs;s [ye;jh; tiu nry;Yk; Foha; Nghf;Ftuj;J 2. F[uhj;jpYs;s `[puhtpypUe;J kj;jpag; gpuNjrj;jpd; tp[a;g;G+h; topahf cj;jpug;

gpuNjrj;jpYs;s n[fjP\;G+h; tiu nry;Yk; Foha; Nghf;Ftuj;J 3. Kk;ig

Kk;ig flypYs;s „Kk;ig i`‟ vz;nza; fpzWfspy; ,Ue;J GNd tiu nry;Yk; vz;nza; Foha; topfs; ,jpy; mlq;Fk;.

9. jfty; Nghf;Ftuj;J tiyaikg;gpd; ed;ikfs; ahit? (JU-14) 1. jfty; njhlh;gpd; jpwid Nkk;gLj;jpAs;sJ. 2. cyfpd; gy;NtW ,lq;fspYs;s kf;fspd; jfty; ghpkhw;wj;jpw;Fg; gad;gLfpwJ. 3. tzpfj;jpd; ngUk; tsh;r;rpf;F topfhl;LfpwJ. 4. rKjhaj;jpYs;s gy;NtW r%f nghUshjhu gpur;ridfis muR ifahs;tjw;F cjTfpwJ. 5. kf;fspd; tho;f;ifj; juj;ij cah;j;jpAs;sJ. 6. jfty; Afj;jpw;fhd topia jpwe;jpUf;fpwJ. 7. fy;tpia xspgug;Gk; nraw;iff;Nfhs; %yk; fy;tpia Nkk;gLj;jpAs;sJ.

8. njhiy Ez;Zzh;T

1. njhiy Ez;Zzh;T vd;why; vd;d? (AP-13,15 JU-14) 1. Gtpapd; ve;j xU nghUisAk; Neubahfj; njhlh;G nfhs;shky; Gtpapd; tptuq;fis

njhiytpypUe;J Nrfhpg;gjhFk;. 2. njhiy – J}uk; : Ez;Zzh;T – jfty;fisg; ngWjy;

2. epy msitapd; FiwghLfs; ahit? 1. epy msit %yk; xU tl;lhuj;jpd; tsq;fs; gw;wpa tptuq;fisr; Nrfupf;f gy khjq;fs;

Mfyhk;. 2. mlh;e;j fhLfs;> fuL Kulhd epyj;Njhw;wk;> ghiytdq;fs; kw;Wk; Kd;dwptpf;f Kbahj

thdpiy Mfpait epy msitapd; jilfshFk;.

3. njhiy Ez;Zzh;tpd; gFjpfs; ahit? (AP-12, SE-12,13) 1) ,yf;F 2) Mw;wy; %yk; 3) gpujpgypf;Fk; top 4) czh;tp.

4. Gtpj;jfty; njhFjp – tiuaW: (AP-12, 16, JU-15, SE-12,13) 1. Gtpj;jfty; njhFjpfs; fzpdp> nkd;fl;lisj; njhFg;G> gug;G rhh; Gs;sp tptuq;fs;

xUq;fpizf;fg;gl;l njhFg;ghFk;. 2. Gtprhh; jty;fis jpul;lTk;> Nrkpf;fTk;> tifg;gLj;jTk;> ghh;j;J mwpar; nra;aTk;>

ifahsTk;> epfo;fhyk; tiu rhp nra;aTk;> gFg;gha;T nra;aTk; gad;gLfpd;wd.

5. Gtpj; jfty; njhFjpapd; ,uz;L gad;ghLfisf; Fwpg;gpLf. 1. Ruq;fq;fs; Njhz;Ltjw;Fk;> fdpk tsq;fis fz;lwpaTk; gad;gLfpwJ. 2. kpd;rf;jp epWtdq;fs;> kpd;rf;jp msT> kpd; fk;gpapd; tiyaikg;ig fz;fhzpf;fTk;>

MuhaTk; gad;gLj;Jfpwhh;fs;.

6. cyf miktplq;fs; fz;lwpAk; njhFjpapd; gad;fs; ,uz;bidf; $Wf. (JU-12, JU-13) 1. epy msit Nkg; tiujy;> fly; top Nghf;Ftuj;J> ifNgrp Mfpatw;wpy; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ. 2. ghJfhg;G fhuzq;fshd top elj;Jjy;> VTfiz> kPl;G gzp> Mfpatw;wpy; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ. 3. miktplk;> Ntfk; kw;Wk; fhyk; Mfpatw;iw gw;wp jfty;fis vy;yh NeuKk;> vy;yh

fhyq;fspYk; mwpa KbfpwJ.



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9. Nguplu; mgha Neu;T Fiwg;G 4.

1. tiuaW: m. Nguplh; mghaNeh;T Fiwg;G M. fl;likg;G – jzpj;jy; eltbf;iffs; m. Nguplh; mghaNeh;T Fiwg;G

1. Nguplhpd; ,ay;ghd fhuzq;fis Ma;T kw;Wk; Nkyhz;ik nra;J Kiwahf gapw;rpAk;> Kaw;rpAk; nra;J Nguplhpd; mgha Neh;itf; Fiwg;gNj ,jd; Nehf;fkhFk;.

2. NguopTfshy; Vw;gLk; capupog;Gfs;> tho;T Mjhuq;fspd; ,og;Gfs;> nghUshjhuk; kw;Wk; ,aw;ifr; nrhj;Jf;fs;; Mfpatw;wpd; ,og;Gfis jLf;Fk; topKiwfis Nghplh; mgha Neh;Tfspd; Fiwg;G vd;gh;.

M. fl;likg;G – jzpj;jy; eltbf;iffs; 1. fl;likg;G eltbf;if vd;gJ> ve;j Xh; ,ay;G fl;likg;G> Nghplhpd; jhf;fq;fisf;

Fiwf;fNth> jtph;f;fNth cl;gLj;jg;gLfpwNjh mJNt fl;likg;G eltbf;if MFk;. 2. nghwpapay; rk;ge;jg;gl;l El;gq;fs; gad;gLj;jg;gl;L ,liuj; jhq;ff;$ba kw;Wk; kPSk;

jd;ikf; nfhz;l mikg;G> my;yJ njhFjpia mikg;gjhFk;.

2. Nghplh; mgha Neh;T Fiwg;gpd; Kf;fpa mk;rq;fs; ahit? Nghplh; mgha Neh;T Fiwg;gpy; cs;s rpy Kf;fpa mk;rq;fs;

1. jzpj;jy; 2. Muk;g Kd;ndr;rhpf;if mikg;G 3. Nghplh; tUk;Kd; jahh; epiy 4. kPl;G

,uz;L kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs; - Fbikapay;

1. ,e;jpahTk; cyf mikjpAk;;

1. cyf mikjpia epiyehl;Ltjpy; ,e;jpahtpd; gq;if tpsf;Ff. (AP-14, JU-15,SE-12,14) 1. #a]; fhy;tha;> fhq;Nfh gpur;ridfspy; ,e;jpah jiyapl;L mikjpia epiyehl;baJ. 2. mz;il ehLfshd rPdh> ,yq;if> tq;fhsNjrk; Nghd;w ehLfSld; ,e;jpah ey;Ywit

Vw;gLj;jpAs;sJ. 3. nfhhpah kw;Wk; ,e;Njh-rPdhtpy; mikjp epyt ,e;jpah ngUk; Kaw;rp Nkw;nfhz;lJ. 4. rhh;f; mikg;G Njhd;wp cyf mikjpia epiyehl;l ,e;jpah <Lgl;lJ.

2. cyf mikjp xU mtrpakhdJ Vd;? (AP-15,SE-13) 1. cyf ehLfspd; nghUshjhu tsh;r;rp cyf mikjp %yk; kl;LNk mila KbAk;. 2. cyf mikjp ,e;jpa nghUshjhu tsh;r;rpf;F kl;Lkd;wp tsUk; ehLfspd; tsh;r;rpf;Fk;

mtrpakhdjhFk;.

3. gQ;rrPyj;jpd; Ie;J nfhs;iffs; ahit? (JU-12,13) 1. xt;nthU ehLk; gpw ehLfspd; xw;Wik kw;Wk; ,iwahz;ikia kjpj;jy; 2. ve;j xU ehLk; gpwehl;il jhf;ff; $lhJ. 3. ve;j xU ehLk; kw;w ehLfspd; cs;tptfhuq;fspy; jiyaplf; $lhJ. 4. midj;J ehLfSk; rkj;Jtk; kw;Wk; gu];gu ey;YwT nfhz;bUf;f Ntz;Lk;. 5. xt;nthU ehLk; gpw ehLfSld; mikjpahd Kiwapy; ,zq;fpapUj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.

4. ,d xJf;fy; nfhs;if gw;wp xU Fwpg;G tiuf. (AP-12,13, 16, SE-15) 1. ,d xJf;fy; nfhs;if vd;gJ Mg;gphpf;fhtpy; gpd;gw;wg;gl;l ,d NtWghl;Lf; nfhs;ifahFk;. 2. njd; Mg;gphpf;fhtpy; nts;isah;fs;> Mg;gphpf;f Fbkf;fSf;F rk chpik toq;f kWj;jdh;. 3. 1946Mk; Mz;L I.eh. nghJ rigapy; ,e;jpah Kjd; Kjypy; ,g;gpur;ridia vOg;gpaJ. 4. ney;rd; kz;Nlyhtpd; njhlu; Nghuhl;lk; fhuzkhf 1990 Mk; Mz;L ,d xJf;fy; nfhs;if

KbTf;F te;jJ.

5. rhh;f; ehLfs; gu];gu ey;Ywit epiyehl;l vt;thW nray;gl;L tUfpd;wd? (JU-14) 1. Nghf;Ftuj;J 2. fbjNrit 3. Rw;Wyh 4. thzpgk; 5. Rfhjhuk; 6. Ntshz;ik kw;Wk; 7. jfty; njhlh;G Nghd;wtw;wpy; rhh;f; ehLfs; jq;fSf;Fs; gu];gu ey;YwT nfhz;Ls;sd.

6. ,e;jpah – I.eh.tpd; jPtpu Mjuthsh; - ,f;$w;iw epahag;gLj;Jf. 1. I.eh.tpd; nfhs;iffSf;F KO MjuT nfhLg;gNjhL> mf;nfhs;if ntw;wp ngwTk; mjd;

%yk; cyf mikjpia epiyehl;lTk; njhlh;e;J ghLgl;L tUfpwJ. 2. ,d xJf;fy; gpur;rid> #a]; fhy;tha; gpur;rid> fhq;Nfh cs;ehl;L Nghh; Mfpatw;wpy;

,e;jpah I.eh tpd; Mjuthsuhf nray;gl;lJ.



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2. kf;fshl;rp;; 1. [dehafk; gw;wp Mgpufhk; ypq;fdpd; fUj;ij vOJf (AP-14, 16, JU-12, 13, 14) Mgpufhk; ypq;fd; fUj;Jg;gb “kf;fshy; kf;fSf;fhf kf;fNs Ml;rp nra;tJ” kf;fshl;rp.

2. Njrpaf; fl;rpfs; vd;why; vd;d? (AP-12, SE-13,15) 1. ,e;jpa Njh;jy; Mizaj;jhy; mq;fPfhpf;fg;gl;L ehlhSkd;w Njh;jypy; ehd;fpw;F Nkw;gl;l khepyq;fspy; MW rjtPj thf;Ffis ngWk; fl;rpfs; Njrpa fl;rpfs; MFk;.

2. v.fh. fhq;fpu];> gh.[.f.

3. murpay; fl;rp vd;why; vd;d? 1. xj;j fUj;Jila kf;fshy; murpay; mjpfhuj;ijngWk; Nehf;fpy; cUthf;fg;gl;l mikg;G

murpay; fl;rp MFk;. 2. murpay; fl;rpfs; [dehaf Kiw epiyj;jpUf;fTk;> rpwg;ghf nray;glTk; nghpJk; cjTfpwJ.

4. murpay; fl;rpfspd; gzpfis Fwpg;gpLf. 1. nghJf; nfhs;iffis cUthf;Fjy; 2. Njh;jypy; Nghl;bapLjy; 3. kf;fSf;F fy;tp mwpT Gfl;Ljy; 4. muRf;Fk; kf;fSf;Fk; ghykhfj; jpfo;tJ

5. xw;iwf; fl;rp Kiwapd; ed;ikfis vOJ 1. mtru fhyq;fspYk; Mgj;jhd fhyq;fspYk; jpwikahfTk;> Rje;jpukhfTk;> tpiuthfTk;

KbTfis nray;gLj;j KbAk;. 2. nrytpdq;fs; rpf;fdkhf mikAk;. 3. ehl;bd; ngUikfis ngUksT cah;j;JfpwJ.

6. Njh;jy; Mizaj;jpd; gzpfs; gw;wp RUf;fkhf Fwpg;G jUf. (JU-15,SE-12) 1. murpay; fl;rpfSf;F mq;fPfhuk; mspj;jy; 2. Ntl;ghsh;fSf;F Njh;jy; rpd;dq;fis xJf;Fjy; 3. Njh;jy; Njjp> thf;F vz;zpf;if kw;Wk; KbTfis mwptpj;jy;

7. jkpo;ehl;by; cs;s khepyf; fl;rpfs; ahit? 1) jp;.K.f. 2) m.jp.K.f 3) Nj.K.jp.f 4) gh.k.f. Mfpait jkpo;ehl;bd; khepyf; fl;rpfs;.

3. Ntw;Wikapy; xw;Wik 1. kdpj ,dj;jpd; mUq;fhl;rpafk; vd ,e;jpah miof;fg;gLtNjd;?

1. ,e;jpahtpy; E}W Nfhbf;Fk; Nkw;gl;l kf;fs; rhjp> kjk;> nkhop kw;Wk; ,dj;jhy; gy gphpTfshf gphpf;fg;gl;Ls;sdh;.

2. ,j;jifa gphpTfshy; ,e;jpah kdpj ,dj;ijg; gw;wp gbf;ff;$ba mUq;fhl;rpafkhfTk;> Ma;tfkhfTk; jpfo;fpwJ. vdNt ,e;jpahit “kdpj ,dq;fspd; mUq;fhl;rpafk;” vdf; $wyhk;;

2. ,e;jpahtpYs;s rpy rkaq;fspd; ngah;fis Fwpg;gpLf. (AP-13,15) 1. ,e;J kjk; 2. Gj;j kjk; 3. rkz kjk; 4. rPf;fpa kjk; 5. n[huh];bhpa kjk; 6. fpwp];Jt kjk; 7. ,];yhkpa kjk; MfpaditahFk;.

3. ekJ gof;ftof;fq;fs; kw;Wk; ghuk;ghpak; vt;thW xw;Wikia tsh;f;fpwJ? 1. ,e;jpa ghuk;ghpak; 2. tpUe;Njhk;gy; 3. <if 4. el;G 5. md;G 6. ed;dlj;ij 7. xOf;fk; 8. cz;ik 9. mikjp 10. nghpNahiu kjpj;jy; Mfpa gz;Gfs; kf;fs; xw;WikAld; tho cjTfpd;wd.

4. ,e;jpahtpd; fiy kw;Wk; fl;llf; fiy gw;wp ePtph; mwptJ vd;d? 1. goq;fhye;njhl;Nl fl;llf; fiyapy; ,e;jpah Gfo;ngw;W tpsq;fp tUfpwJ. 2. m[e;jh kw;Wk; vy;Nyhuh Xtpaq;fs; cyfg; Gfo; ngw;wit 3. fhe;jhuf; fiyAk;> rpw;gq;fSk; ,e;jpahtpd; rpw;gf;fiyapd; ngUikia giwrhw;Wfpd;wd. 4. ,e;jpaf; Nfhtpy;fs; ,e;jpa fl;lf;fiyf;F rpwe;j rhd;Wfshf tpsq;Ffpd;wd.



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5. ,e;jpahtpd; ,ir kw;Wk; eldk; gw;wp rpW Fwpg;G jUf.

1. ,ir : ,e;jpahtpy; Njhd;wpa fh;ehlfk; kw;Wk; ,e;J];jhdp ,ir Kiwfs; kf;fshy; tpUk;gp fw;fg;gLfpd;wd.

2. eldk; : guj ehl;bak;> Fr;Rg;Gb> fjf;fsp> kzpg;Ghp kw;Wk; xbrp Nghd;wit ,e;jpahtpd; Gfo;ngw;w eldf; fiyfshFk;.

3. xw;Wik ,e;jpa eldk; kw;Wk; ,irf;fiyfs; xw;WikiaAk; xUikg;ghl;ilAk; tsh;f;f nghpJk; cjTfpd;wd.

4. Efh;Nthh; chpikfs;;; 1. Efh;Nthh; vt;thW Vkhw;wg;gLfpd;wdh;? VNjDk; ,uz;L Kiwfis Fwpg;gpLf.

1. cw;gj;jpahsh;fSk;> tpahghhpfSk; gytpjq;fspy; Efh;Nthiu Vkhw;wp tUfpd;wdh;. 2. re;ijfspy; tpw;fg;gLk; nghUl;fspd; msT kw;Wk; vil rhpahf ,Ug;gjpy;iy. 3. re;ijfspy; juk; Fiwe;j nghUl;fs; tpw;fg;gLfpd;wd. 4. fhyhtjpahd kUe;J> khj;jpiufs; kw;Wk; jukw;w tPl;L cgNahfg; nghUl;fis tpw;gid

nra;J Efh;Nthiu Vkhw;Wfpd;wdh;.

2. Efh;Nthh; ghJfhg;G chpikr; rl;lk; (Nfhg;uh) gw;wp rpW Fwpg;G tiuf. 1. Nfhg;uh vd;gJ Efh;Nthh; ghJfhg;Gr; rl;lk; MFk;. 2. ,r;rl;lk; 1986-Mk; Mz;L ,e;jpahtpy; ,aw;wg;gl;lJ. 3. Efh;Nthh; jk; Fiwfis ntspg;gLj;Jk; chpikf;fhf ,r;rl;lk; cUthdJ. 4. ,r;rl;lk; Efh;Nthupd; kfhrhrdk; vd;W miof;fg;gLfpwJ.

3. Efh;Nthh; Vkhw;wg;gLtij jLf;f jkpof muR Nkw;nfhz;Ls;s eltbf;iffs; VNjDk; ,uz;bidg; gw;wp vOJf. 1. midj;J tifahd fy;tp epWtdq;fspYk; Efh;Nthh; fofq;fs; mikf;fg;gLfpd;wd. 2. fpuhkg; Gwq;fspy; Efh;Nthh; gw;wpa tpopg;Gzh;T kfsph;Ra cjtpf; FOf;fs; kw;Wk; Cuhl;rp

kd;w gpujpepjpfs; %yk; Vw;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ. 3. efh;Gwq;fspy; FbapUg;G ey rq;fq;fspd; %yk; ,t;tpopg;Gzh;T Vw;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ. 4. Efh;Nthh; gw;wpa tpopg;Gzh;T thndhyp> njhiyf;fhl;rp kw;Wk; FWk;glq;fspd; %yk; nghJ

kf;fSf;F gpur;rhuk; nra;ag;gLfpwJ. 5. ‘jkpo;ehL Efh;Nthh; ftrk;’ vd;Dk; khj ,jopd; %yk; kf;fSf;F tpopg;Gzh;T

cz;lhf;fg;gLfpwJ.

,uz;L kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs; - nghUspay; 1. ehl;L tUkhdk; 1. ehl;L tUkhdj;ij tiuaW. (JU-13, 14,15)

1. xU ehl;by; Xh; Mz;L fhyj;jpy; cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gLk; nghUl;fs; kw;Wk; gzpfspd; nkhj;j kjpg;Ng ehl;L tUkhdk; MFk;.

2. ehl;L tUkhdk; vd;gJ xU ehl;bd; nkhj;j tUkhdj;ij Fwpg;gjhFk;.

2. epfu ehl;L tUkhdj;ij vt;thW fzf;fpLtha;? 1. nkhj;j ehl;L cw;gj;jpapy; ,Ue;J Nja;khdr; nryit fopj;jgpd; fpilf;Fk; gz kjpg;G epfu

ehl;L cw;gj;jpahFk;. 2. epfu ehl;L cw;gj;jp = nkhj;j ehl;L cw;gj;jp – Nja;khd nryT

3. tUkhd Kiwapy; ehl;L tUkhdk; - rpW Fwpg;G tiuf. 1. ehl;L tUkhdj;ij fzf;fpLk; Kiwfspy; tUkhd KiwAk; xd;whFk;. 2. ehl;by; cs;s midj;J kf;fspd; tUkhdj;ij mbg;gilahff; nfhz;L ehl;L tUkhdk;

fzf;fplg;gLfpwJ.

4. jyh tUkhdk; vd;why; vd;d? (AP-12,14,16, JU-12, SE-12,14) 1. ehl;L kf;fspd; tho;f;ifj; juj;ij msf;f gad;gLk; fUtp jyh tUkhdk;. 2. ehl;L tUkhdj;ij me;ehl;bd; nkhj;j kf;fs; njhifahy; tFf;f fpilf;Fk; <T jyh tUkhdk;.



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5. ehl;L tUkhdj;ij mwptjd; mtrpak; ,uz;bid vOJ. 1. xU ehl;bd; nghUshjhu nray;ghLfspd; epiyia fzf;fplg; gad;gLfpwJ. 2. xU ehl;by; cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gLk; nghUl;fs; kw;Wk; gzpfspd; kjpg;ig mwpag; gad;gLfpwJ.

6. gzpfs; Jiwf;F cjhuzk; jUf. (SE-15) 1. gzpfs; Jiw vd;gJ nra;jp> njhiyj;njhlh;G> Nghf;Ftuj;J> tzpfk;> tq;fpfs; kw;Wk;

fhg;gPl;L epWtdq;fis Fwpf;Fk;.

7. jiyaplhf; nfhs;if – rpW Fwpg;G tiuf. (AP-13, 15) 1. muR> nghUshjhu nray;ghLfspy; <Lglhky; ,Ug;gJ MFk;. 2. nghUs;fspd; cw;gj;jp> tpepNahfk; kw;Wk; Efh;T Nghd;wtw;wpy; murpd; jiyaPL ,y;yhky;

,Ug;gJ.

8. eyk; ehLk; muRfspd; ghJfhg;G gzpfs; Fwpj;J vOJf. 1. xU ehl;by; mikjpia epiyehl;ly; 2. me;epa ehl;L gilnaLg;G> cs;ehl;L fytuq;fspy; ,Ue;J kf;fis fhj;jy; 3. rl;lk; xOq;if guhkhpj;jy; Mfpait eyk; ehLk; muRfspd; ghJfhg;G gzpfs; MFk;.

9. nkhj;j cs;ehl;L cw;gj;jpia tiuaW. 1. nkhj;j cs;ehl;L cw;gj;jp vd;gJ xU ehl;bd; Gtpapay; vy;iyf;Fs; Xh; Mz;by; cw;gj;jp

nra;ag;gl;l nghUl;fs; kw;Wk; gzpfspd; nkhj;j kjpg;ghFk;. 2. me;jg; nghUl;fs; me;ehl;bw;F nrhe;jkhd cw;gj;jpf; fhuzp;fshy; cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gl;bUf;f

Ntz;Lk;.

10. epfu cs;ehl;L cw;gj;jp vd;why; vd;d? (SE-13) 1. epfu cs;ehl;L cw;gj;jp = nkhj;j cs;ehl;L cw;gj;jp (-) Nja;khdnryT. 2. xU ehl;bd; nkhj;j cw;gj;jpapy; ,Ue;J Nja;khdr; nryit fopj;j gpd; fpilf;Fk; gz

kjpg;G.

2. tpLjiyf;Fg;gpd; ,e;jpag; nghUshjhuk;;;

1. gjpNdhuhtJ Ie;jhz;L jpl;lj;jpd; %d;W Nehf;fq;fis vOJ 1. tWikia xopj;jy; 2. Ntiytha;g;Gfis tphpthf;Fjy; 3. Rw;Wr; #oy; ghJfhg;ig cWjp nra;jy;. 4. kpd;rhuk; kw;Wk; cuq;fSf;fhd khdpaj;ij Fiwj;jy;

2. gRik Gul;rp Fwpj;J rpW Fwpg;G tiuf. (JU-13, AP-14) 1. 1967Mk; Mz;L ,e;jpahtpy; gRikg;Gul;rp mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. 2. ,j;jpl;lj;jpid ,e;jpa Ntshz; Muha;r;rp epWtdk; mwpKfg;gLj;jpaJ. 3. tPhpaKw;w tpijfs;> ghrd trjpfis nfhz;L czT cw;gj;jp ngUf;FtNj gRikg; Gul;rpapd;

Nehf;fkhFk;.

3. fyg;Gg; nghUshjhuk; vd;why; vd;d? (AP-13, 15, SE-14) 1. muRj;Jiw epWtdq;fSk;> jdpahh; Jiw epWtdq;fSk; ,ize;J nray;gLtNj fyg;G

nghUshjhuk; MFk;. v.fh. ,e;jpah - njhiy njhlh;G Jiw

4. gd;dhl;L epWtdq;fs; - rpW Fwpg;G tiuf 1. gy ehLfspy; jq;fsJ njhopy; epWtdq;fis njhlq;fp elj;jp tUk; mikg;Gfs; gd;dhl;L

epWtdq;fshFk;. v.fh. N`hz;lh> RRfp

5. Fbirj;njhopy; rpW Fwpg;G tiuf (JU-15, SE-15, AP-16) 1. FLk;g cWg;gpdh;fshy; cs;Sh; mq;fhbapy; tpw;gid nra;tjw;fhf goikahd Kiwapy;

cw;gj;jp nra;tJ Fbirj; njhopyhFk;. v.fh. ifj;jwp kw;Wk; fapW jphpj;jy;



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6. jhuhskakhjy; vd;why; vd;d? 1. jhuhskakhjy; vd;gJ jdpahh; Jiw> njhopy; epWtdq;fSf;fhd tpjpKiwfisAk;>

fl;Lg;ghLfisAk; jpUk;g ngWtjhFk;. 2. kpd; cw;gj;jpapy; jdpahh; Jiw nray;gl mDkjp toq;fg;gl;lJ.

7. jdpahh;kakhjy; vd;why; vd;d? (AP-12, SE-12) 1. muRj; Jiw epWtdq;fis jdpahh; cilikahf;FtNj jdpahh; kakhjy; MFk;. 2. nghJg; gad;ghL gzpfspy; jdpahh; JiwAk; nray;gl mDkjp mspg;gjhFk;.

8. cyfkakhjy; - rpW Fwpg;G tiuf (JU-12, 14, SE-13) 1. xU ehl;bd; mq;fhbfis gd;dhl;L mq;fhbfSld; njhlh;GgLj;JtNj cyfkakhjy; MFk;. 2. %yg;nghUl;fis gy ehLfspypUe;J ngw;W gz;lq;fis cw;gj;jp nra;J cyf ehLfSf;F

tpw;gidf;F mDg;gp itj;jy;.

9. jkpo;ehl;bd; Nghf;Ftuj;J Kd;Ndw;wk; Fwpj;J rpWFwpg;G tiuf. 1. nrd;idapy; ,Ue;J midj;J khtl;l jiyefuq;fSf;Fk; rhiy Nghf;Ftuj;J kpfr; rpwe;j

epiyapy; cs;sJ. 2. jkpo;ehl;bd; kpfg;ngupa JiwKfq;fs; nrd;id> vz;Z}u; kw;Wk; J}j;Jf;Fb. 3. jkpo;ehl;bd; tpkhdepiyaq;fs; nrd;id> Nfhak;Gj;J}u;> kJiu> jpUr;rp> Nryk; kw;Wk;

J}j;Jf;Fb 4. nrd;id ngUefu ,uapy; jpl;lj;jpd; %yk; Nghf;Ftuj;J jpl;lq;fs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;L

tUfpd;wd.



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10-k; tFg;G r%ftpay; NtWgLj;Jf kw;Wk; jiyg;G tpdhf;fs; ntw;wpf;F top


NtWgLj;Jf - Gtpapay;


NtWgLj;Jf (AP-13, 15) 1 fPhpd;tpr; jPh;f;f Neuk; ,e;jpaj; jpl;l Neuk;

1 ,J 0 jPh;f;f Nuifapd; mbg;gilapy; fzf;fplg;gLfpwJ

,J 8230’ fpof;F jPh;f;f Nuifapd; mbg;gilapy; fzf;fplg;gLfpwJ

2 cyfpd; jpl;l Neuj;ij fzf;fpl cjTfpwJ ,e;jpahtpd; jpl;l Neuj;ij fzf;fpl cjTfpwJ. 3 ,jd; ikak; yz;ld; ,jd; ikak; myfhghj; 4 yz;ldpy; cs;s fphPd;tpr; topahfr; nry;fpwJ ,e;jpahtpy; myfhghj; topahf nry;fpwJ

(AP-12,13, 14 JU-12,13, 15 SE-12, AP-16)

2 Nkw;F njhlh;r;rp kiyfs; fpof;Fj; njhlh;r;rp kiyfs; 1 njhlh;r;rpahd kiyj;njhlh; njhlh;r;rpaw;w kiyj;njhlh; 2 Nkw;F flw;fiuf;F ,izahf nry;fpwJ. fpof;F flw;fiuf;F ,izahfr; nry;fpwJ.

3 jgjp ejpapypUe;J fd;dpahFkhp tiu gutpAs;sJ.

kfhejp Mw;wpy; ,Ue;J itif MW tiu gutpAs;sJ.

4 caukhd rpfuk; MidKb caukhd rpfuk; kNfe;jpu fphp 5 cauk; mjpfk; cauk; FiwT

6 cw;gj;jpahFk; MWfs; mugpf; flypy; fyf;fpd;wd.

cw;gj;jpahFk; MWfs; tq;ff; flypy; fyf;fpd;wd.

(JU-14, SE-13,14,15)

3 Nkw;F flw;fiu rkntsp fpof;F flw;fiu rkntsp

1 F[uhj;; Kjy; fd;dpahFkhp tiu gutpAs;sJ Nkw;F tq;fhsj;jpypUe;J fd;dpahFkhp tiu

gutpAs;sJ 2 tlf;Nf nfhq;fz flw;fiu mike;Js;sJ tlf;Nf tlrh;f;fhh; rkntsp mike;Js;sJ

3 njw;Nf kyghh; flw;fiu mike;Js;sJ njw;Nf Nrho kz;ly flw;fiu mike;Js;sJ

4 Nkw;F njhlh;r;rp kiyf;Fk; mugpf; flYf;Fk; ,ilapy; fhzg;gLfpwJ

fpof;F njhlh;r;rp kiyf;Fk; tq;fhs tphpFlhtpw;Fk; ,ilapy; fhzg;gLfpwJ

5 ,q;F Vhpfs;> fopfs; kw;Wk; fhay;fs; fhzg;gLfpd;wd

,r;rkntspapy; ‘rpypfh Vhp’, ‘nfhy;NyW Vhp’ mike;Js;sJ.

6 ruhrup mfyk; Rkhu; 65 fp.kP. ruhrup mfyk; Rkhu; 120 fp.kP.

2. ,e;jpah - fhyepiy NtWgLj;Jf (AP- 14,SE-15)

(AP-12, SE-13)

1 kiyfspy;; fhw;W NkhJk; gf;fk; fhw;W Nkhjhg; gf;fk; 1 fhw;W tPRk; jpiria Nehf;fpa kiyr;rhpT fhw;W tPRk; jpirf;F kiwthd gFjp 2 mjpf kiog;nghopit ngWfpwJ kp;ff; Fiwe;j kiog;nghopTg; ngWfpwJ 3 v.fh : Kk;ig Mz;Lf;F 150 nr.kP kiog;

nghopit ngWfpwJ. v.fh. G+Nd Mz;Lf;F 50 nr.kPf;F Fiwthd kiog; nghopit ngWfpwJ.

4 <ug;gjk; mjpfk; cs;s fhw;W tPRk; twz;l fhw;W tPRk;

2 njd;Nkw;F gUtf; fhw;W tlfpof;F gUtf; fhw;W 1 [_d; Kjy; nrg;lk;gh; tiu tPRk; mf;Nlhgh; Kjy; etk;gh; tiu tPRk; 2 mugpf; flypypUe;J tPRk; tq;fhs tphpFlhtpypUe;J tPRk;. 3 flypypUe;J epyj;ij Nehf;fp tPRfpwJ epyj;jpypUe;J fliy Nehf;fp tPRfpwJ 4 Nkw;F flw;fiuapy; kiog; nghopitj; jUfpwJ fpof;F flw;fiuapy; kiog; nghopitj; jUfpwJ

5 Kk;ig Nghd;w gFjpapy; mjpf kio nghopfpwJ

Nrho kz;ly flw;fiuapy; mjpf kio nghopfpwJ

6 mjpf kioia jUk; Fiwthd kioiaj; jUk; 7 ,J <ug;gjkhd fhw;W ,J twz;l fhw;W



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(AP -13, 15,JU-12, 14, SE-12)

4 thdpiy fhyepiy

1 Xh; ,lj;jpy; cs;s ntg;gk;> mOj;jk;> fhw;W> <ug;gjk; kw;Wk; kiog; nghopit Fwpg;gJ

Xhplj;jpd; ePz;l ehisa cz;ikahd ruhrhp thdpiyiaf; Fwpg;gJ.

2 md;whl epiyiaf; Fwpg;gJ MFk;. ,jid mstpl 35 tUl fhy thdpiy

Njitg;gLfpwJ. 3 jpdKk; khWgLk; ePz;l ehisf;F xNu khjphpahf ,Uf;Fk; 4 khWjYf;F cl;gl;lJ khwhjJ

(AP-14, JU-13, SE-14,15)

5 Y} ehh;nt];lh;]; 1 ,J typikahd ntg;gf;fhw;W ,J ,bAld; $ba jyf;fhw;W

2 ,e;jpahtpd; tlf;F kw;Wk; tlNkw;F gFjpfspy; tPRk;.

tlfpof;F ,e;jpag; gFjpfspy; tPRk;

3 Fiwe;j kio nghopit jUk; mjpf kiog; nghopitj; jUfpwJ 4 Nfhil fhyj;jpy; gfy; Neuj;jpy; tPRk; ,bAld; kio nga;Ak;

3. ,e;jpah - ,aw;if tsq;fs;; NtWgLj;Jf (JU-13,14)

1 ntg;g kz;ly gRik khwhf; fhLfs; ntg;g kz;ly gUtf;fhw;Wf; fhLfs;

1 kionghopT 200 nr.kP. Nky; fhzg;gLk; 70 Kjy; 200 nr.kP tiu kionghopT fhzg;gLk;. 2 Nfhil fhyj;jpy; ,iyfis cjph;g;gjpy;iy Nfhil fhyj;jpy; ,iyfis cjph;f;Fk;

3 Nuh]; kuk;> ug;gh;> %q;fpy;> rpd;Nfhdh kuq;fs; fhzg;gLfpd;wd

Njf;F> rhy;> re;jd kuk;> Ntg;g kuk; Nghd;w kuq;fs; fhzg;gLfpd;wd.

4 mjpf ntg;gk;> mjpf kio cs;s gFjpfspy; fhzg;gLk;

mjpf ntg;gk;> kpjkhd kio cs;s gFjpfspy; fhzg;gLk;

5 gRik khwhf; fhLfs; vd;wiof;fg;gLk; ,iyAjpu;f; fhLfs; vd;wiof;fg;gLk;.

(AP-12,13,15,JU-12,15 SE-12,14,15)

2 GJg;gpf;f $ba tsk; GJg;gpf;f ,ayhj tsk;

1 kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; GJg;gpf;f $baJ gad;ghl;bw;F gpd; kPz;Lk; GJg;gpf;f ,ayhJ

2 v.fh: #hpa xsp> fhw;W> ePh; v.fh: epyf;fhp> fr;rh vz;nza; 3 ,it njhlh;e;J ,aw;ifahf fpilf;ff; $baJ ,it njhlh;e;J fpilf;fhJ. 4 khRf;fis Vw;gLj;jhJ khRf;fis Vw;gLj;Jk;

(AP-12, 13, JU-13, 14,15, SE-12, 14)

3 fhw;W rf;jp mdy; kpd;rf;jp

1 fhw;wpd; Ntfj;ij gad;gLj;jp kpd;rhuk; jahupg;gjhFk;

epyf;fhp> ngl;Nuhypak;> ,aw;if vhpthA Nghd;wtw;wpypUe;J cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gLfpwJ

2 cw;gj;jp nryT FiwT cw;gj;jp nryT mjpfk; 3 khR VJk; Vw;gLj;jhJ khR Vw;gLj;jf;$baJ 4 vspjpy; GJg;gpf;ff;$baJ GJg;gpf;f ,ayhj tsk;

5 jkpo;ehL> fh;ehlfh> Nfushtpy; cw;gj;jp ikaq;fs; cs;sd

gQ;rhg;> `hpahdh> ,uh[];jhd; Nghd;w khepyq;fspy; cs;sd

3 Nkw;fj;jpa ,ilA+W fhw;W ntg;g kz;lyr; #whtsp

1 kj;jpa jiuf;flypy; cUthfpwJ tq;fhs tphpFlhtpy; cUthfpwJ

2 <uhd; kw;Wk; Mg;fhdp];jhid fle;J ,e;jpahit te;jilfpwJ

Nrho kz;lyf; flw;fiuia te;jilfpwJ

3 NfhJik tpisr;rYf;F gadspf;fpwJ Gay; cUthfp caph; NrjKk;> nghUl; NrjKk; cz;lhfpd;wd.

4 gQ;rhg;> `hpahdh> ,khr;ryg; gpuNjrj;jpy; ey;y kiog;nghopit jUfpwJ

Me;jpuhTk;> jkpo;ehLk; ey;y kiog; nghopit ngWfpd;wd.

5 fpof;fpy; Nehf;fp <uhd; kw;Wk; Mg;fhdp];jhdpypUe;J ,e;jpah te;jilfpwJ

,e;jpahtpd; Nkw;F kw;Wk; tl Nkw;F gFjpfis Nehf;fp tPRfpwJ.



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4. ,e;jpah - Ntshz; njhopy;; NtWgLj;Jf ( AP-13,15,SE-12) 1 jd;dpiwT Ntshz;ik tzpf Ntshz;ik

1 FLk;g Njitf;fhf czTg; gaph;fs; cw;gj;jp nra;tjhFk;

tzpf Njitf;fhf czTg; gaph;fs; cw;gj;jp nra;tjhFk;

2 Fiwe;j msT cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gLfpwJ mjpf mstpy; cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gLfpwJ 3 v.fh. ney;> NfhJik v.fh. fUk;G> Njapiy> gUj;jp> jhdpaq;fs; 4 cs;ehl;L re;ijiag; G+h;j;jp nra;fpwJ me;epa nryhtzpia <l;bj; jUfpwJ 5 ,it czTg; gaph;fs; ,it Ntshz;ikg; gaph;fs; 6 jPtpu Ntshz;ik vd miof;fg;gLfpwJ gue;j Ntshz;ik vd miof;fg;gLfpwJ

(AP-14, JU-12, SE-13,14,)

2 fhup/g; gaph;fs; uhgp; gaph;fs; 1 Nfhilfhyg; gaph;fs; vd;W miof;fg;gLfpwJ Fspu;fhyg; gaph;fs; vd;W miof;fg;gLfpd;wd. 2 [_d;; khjk; tpijf;fg;gLfpwJ etk;gh; khjk; tpijf;fg;gLfpwJ 3 etk;gh; khjk; mWtil nra;ag;gLfpwJ khh;r; khjk; mWtil nra;ag;gLfpwJ

4 ney;> Nrhsk;> gUj;jp> rzy;> fUk;G> fliy Nghd;wit Kf;fpag; gaph;fs;

NfhJik> Gifapiy> fLF> gUg;G tif kw;Wk; jhdpaq;fs; Kf;fpag; gaph;fs;

(AP-14, 16, JU-13,15, SE-15)

3 xU gaph; rhFgb ,U gaph; rhFgb

1 xU gapu; xNu gUtj;jpy; xU ,lj;jpy; rhFgb nra;Ak; Kiw

,U gapu;fs; xNu tUlj;jpy;;; xNu ,lj;jpy; rhFgb nra;Ak; Kiw

2 v.fh. Njapiy> fhg;gp> fUk;G> ney; v.fh. NfhJik> fLF.

5. ,e;jpah – njhopyfq;fs;; NtWgLj;Jf (AP-12, 13,16, JU-12,14,15, SE-12, 13, 14,15) 1 Ntshz; rhh;e;j njhopyfk; fdpkk; rhh;e;j njhopyfk;

1 Ntshz; nghUl;fs; %yg; nghUl;fshf gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd.

cNyhfk; kw;Wk; cNyhfkw;w nghUl;fs; %yg;nghUl;fshf gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd.

2 %yg;nghUl;fs; fpilf;Fk; ,lq;fspy; njhopw;rhiyfs; nray;gLfpd;wd.

fdpkr;Ruq;fq;fSf;F mUfpy; njhopw;rhiyfs; nray;gLfpd;wd.

3 v.fh. gUj;jp Miyfs;> rzy; Miyfs;> rh;f;fiu Miyfs;

v.fh. ,Uk;G v/F> rpnkz;l; njhopw;rhiyfs;

4 kfhuh\;buk;> Nkw;F tq;fhsk;> cj;jpu gpuNjrk; Nrhl;lh ehfGup gPlG+kp

(AP-15,JU-13) 2 ,Uk;G v/F njhopyfq;fs; nkd; nghUs; njhopyfq;fs;

1 ,J fdpk tsk; rhh;e;j njhopyfk; MFk;. ,J fdpk tsk; rhh;e;j njhopyfk; my;y. fzpzp

rhh;e;j njhopyhFk;

2 ek; ehl;by; Nrhl;lh ehfGhp tl;lhuj;jpy; fhzg;gLfpwJ.

ehl;bd; gy;NtW Kf;fpa efuq;fspy; fhzg;gLfpwJ.

3 njhopyhsh;fspd; ciog;G mjpfk; Njitg;gLfpwJ ,sk; nghwpapay; ty;Yeh;fs; Njitg;gLfpd;whh;fs;

4 ,e;jpahtpy; 11 nghpa> 150 rpwpa ,Uk;G v/F Miyfs; cs;sd

,e;jpahtpy; 500f;F Nkw;gl;l nkd;nghUs; epWtdq;fs; cs;sd



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NtWgLj;Jf (AP-12,14,16, JU-14,SE-13) 1 ePh; khriljy; epyk; khriljy; 1 ed;dPhpy; juj;ij khw;wk; nra;fpwJ epyk; khrilfpwJ

2 ePhpy; thOk; caphpdq;fSf;F jPq;F tpistpf;fpwJ

jhtuq;fSf;Fk;> tpyq;FfSf;Fk; ghjpg;G Vw;gLfpwJ

3 Ntjpapay;> ,aw;gpay;> caphpay; khw;wj;jpdhy; Vw;gLfpwJ

efu fopTfs;> G+r;rpf; nfhy;yp kUe;Jfs;> ,urhadq;fs; %yk; Vw;gLfpwJ.

4 ghf;Bhpah> itu]; fpUkpfs;>xl;Lz;zpfs;> GOf;fs; ePiu khRg;gLj;JfpwJ

G+r;R nfhy;ypfs;> njhopyf fopTfs;> rhf;filfs; Nghd;wit epyj;ij khRg;gLj;JfpwJ

5 vz;nza;> gpsh];bf;> g+r;rpf; nfhy;yp Nghd;witfshy; khrilAk;

vupnghUs; nfhl;lg;gLtjhYk;> njhopyf fopTfs; Neubahf kz;zpy; fyg;gjhYk; epyk; khrilfpwJ

(AP-15) 2 fhw;W khriljy; xyp khriljy;

1 fhw;wpy; fyf;Fk; nghUl;fshy; khrilfpwJ msTf;F mjpfkhf Njitaw;w rg;jj;jpdhy; xyp

khrilfpwJ

2 thfdq;fs; kw;Wk; njhopw;rhiyfspypUe;J ntspNaWk; Gifahy; Vw;gLfpwJ

,ae;jpuq;fs;> thfdq;fs; Vw;gLj;Jk; rg;jj;jpdhy; Vw;gLfpwJ

3 kdpjh;fSf;F Rthrf; NfhshW> ,ja Neha;> EiuaPuy; Neha; Vw;gLfpwJ

kdpjh;fSf;F kd mOj;jk;> glglg;G> Nfl;Fk; jpwd; ghjpg;G cUthfpwJ.

4 ,aw;ifahy; kw;Wk; kdpju;fshy; fhw;W khrilfpd;wd.

kdpju;fshy; kl;Lk; xyp khrilfpwJ.

5 v.fh. vupkiy ntbg;G> thfdg; Giffs;> mZkpd; epiya Gif> njhopw;rhiy Gif

v.fh. tpkhdk;> uapy; rg;jq;fs;> xypngUf;fp rg;jk;> tz;b `hud; rg;jk;

7. ,e;jpah - tzpfk;> Nghf;Ftuj;J kw;Wk; jfty; njhlh;G NtWgLj;Jf (AP-12, 14 JU-13,SE-12,) 1 Njrpa neLQ;rhiyfs; khepy neLQ;rhiyfs;

1 khepy jiyefuq;fis Njrpa jiyefUld; ,izf;fpd;wd.

khtl;l jiyefuq;fis khepy jiyefNuhL ,izf;fpd;wd.

2 ,tw;iw kj;jpa nghJg;gzpj; Jiw guhkhpj;J tUfpwJ

,tw;iw khepy nghJg;gzpj;Jiw guhkhpj;J tUfpwJ

3 92>851 fp.kP. ePsk; cilaJ 1>31>899 fp.kP. ePsk; cilaJ. 4 v.fh: jkpo;ehL-Nfushit ,izf;Fk; rhiy v.fh: flY}h; - rpj;J}h; rhiy

(AP-12, 13, 16, JU-12, 14, 15 SE-14,15)

2 Vw;Wkjp ,wf;Fkjp

1 ek; ehl;bd; cghpg; nghUl;fisAk; NritfisAk; me;epa nrythzpf;fhf ntspehl;bw;F tpw;gjhFk;

ekf;F Njitahd nghUl;fisAk;> NritfisAk; ntspehl;bypUe;J thq;FtjhFk;

2 tptrha nghUl;fs;> fdpkq;fs;> ,urhad nghUl;fs;> ,ae;jpu nghUl;fs;> Mil Mguzq;fs;

,ae;jpuq;fs;> kpd;dpay; ,ae;jpuq;fs;;> kUe;Jfs;> ngl;Nuhypak;> cuq;fs;> nra;jpj; jhs;fs;

3 ,e;jpah Vwj;jho 7500 tpjkhd nghUl;fis cyfpd; Rkhu; 190 ehLfSf;F Vw;Wkjp nra;fpwJ

Vwj;jho 6000 tpjkhd nghUl;fs; 140 ehLfspypUe;J ,wf;Fkjp nra;fpwJ.

4 me;epa nryhtzpia ngWfpNwhk; me;epa nryhtzpia ,of;fpNwhk; (AP-15,JU-12, SE-13,14,15)

3 cs;ehl;L tzpfk; gd;dhl;L tzpfk; 1 xU ehl;bd; vy;iyf;Fs; eilngWk; tzpfk; gy ehLfspilNa eilngWk; tzpfk;

2 rhiy top> kw;Wk; ,uapy; top Nghf;Ftuj;J Kf;fpa gq;fhw;WfpwJ

fly; top kw;Wk; thd; top Nghf;Ftuj;J Kf;fpa gq;fhw;WfpwJ

3 me;j ehl;bd; fhfpj ehzak; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ me;epa nrythzp gad;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ 4 cs;Su; tzpfk; vd;Wk; miof;fg;gLfpwJ ntspehl;L tzpfk; vd;Wk; miof;fg;gLfpwJ

5 ehl;bd; tsu;r;rpia rPuhf eilngw toptFf;fpwJ

ehl;bd; nghUshjhu ngUtsu;r;rpf;F cjTfpwJ.



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(AP-13,15, SE-13)

4 rhiy top ,uapy; top 1 jhh; rhiyapy; gazk; nra;ayhk; ,Ug;Gg; ghijapy; gazk; nra;ayhk;

2 v.fh. NgUe;J> yhhp> fhh; Nghd;wit rhiy topapy; gad;gLj;Jk; thfdq;fs;

v.fh. ,uapy; kl;LNk ,Ug;G ghijapy; nry;Yk;

3 fpuhk> tl;l> khtl;l> Njrpa rhiyfs; vd gytifg;gLk;

FWfpa kw;Wk; mfd;w topg; ghijfs; vd ,U tifg;gLk;

4 fpuhkq;fis ,izf;Fk; ngU efuq;fis ,izf;Fk; 5 Fiwthd nghUl;fis vLj;Jr;nry;y gad;gLfpwJ mjpfkhd nghUl;fis vLj;Jr; nry;y gad;gLfpwJ

(SE-12, JU-13,14, AP-14,16)

5 thd;top ePh; top 1 tpiuthf nry;Yk; Nghf;Ftuj;J nkJthf nry;Yk; Nghf;Ftuj;J 2 etPd> tpiyAah;e;j kw;Wk; Ntfkhd Nghf;Ftuj;J tpiy kypthd Nghf;Ftuj;J 3 Rw;Wr;#oy; ghjpf;Fk; Rw;Wr;#oy; ghjpf;fhJ

4 kiyfs;> ghiytdq;fs;> mlh;e;j fhLfs; Nghd;w ,lq;fspy; vspjpy; nry;yyhk;

ePh; cs;s gFjpapy; kl;LNk nry;yyhk;

5 gazpfs;> ruf;F> mQ;ry; Nghd;wtw;iw vLj;Jr; nry;yyhk;.

fdkhf nghUl;fs;> vhpnghUs; Nghd;wtw;iw vLj;Jr; nry;yyhk;

6 ,uz;L tif – cs;ehl;L kw;Wk; gd;dhl;L thd;top Nghf;Ftuj;J

,uz;L tif – cs;ehl;L ePu; top kw;Wk; fly;top Nghf;Ftuj;J

jiyg;G tpdhf;fs; - tuyhW


1. Vfhjpgj;jpak; cUthFtjw;F fhuzq;fs; (AP-12, SE-14,15) m) gj;njhd;gjhk; Ehw;whz;bd; ,Wjpapy; ehfhpfkhdjhff; fUjg;gl;lJ vJ? Vfhjpgj;jpak; M) nts;isah;fspd; Rik vd INuhg;gpah;fshy; fUjg;gl;lJ ahJ? fUg;gpd Mg;gpupf;f> Mrpa kf;fSf;F ehfupfk; fw;Wj;jUtJ ,) INuhg;gpa ehLfs; FbNaw;w ehLfis Vw;gLj;j Kide;jJ Vd;? Nghl;b ehLfspilNa rkepiy Mjpf;fk; ngw

<) Vfhjpgj;jpaf; nfhs;ifia Cf;Ftpj;jJ ahJ? Mg;gpupf;f> Mrpa ehLfSf;fhd Gjpa topj;jlq;fs;

2. gpshrp kw;Wk; gf;rhh; Nghh;. (AP-14, JU-14) m) 1757 Mz;L tq;fhsj;jpd; ethg;ghf ,Ue;jth; ahh;? rpuh[; cj; njsyh

M) Jizg; gilj; jpl;lj;jpid mwpKfg;gLj;jpath; ahh;? nty;ny];yp gpuG ,) ly;n`srp gpuGtpd; nfhs;if ahJ? thupR ,og;Gf; nfhs;if <) tpf;Nlhhpah kfhuhzpapd; gpufldk; vg;nghOJ ntspaplg;gl;lJ? 1858 Mk; Mz;L

3. rPdhtpy; Vfhjpgj;jpak; m) kf;fhNth kw;Wk; fhz;ld; efuq;fSf;F tpahghuj; jil Vd; tpjpf;fg;gl;lJ? Mrpa ehLfisr; rhh;e;j tzpfh;fs; Vw;Wf; nfhz;l rPd fyhr;rhuj;ij INuhg;gpah;fs; Vw;fhjjhy; M) rPdh ve;nje;j nghUl;fis ,q;fpyhe;jpw;F tpw;gid nra;jJ? fhg;gp> Njapiy

,) rPd murpapd; ngah; vd;d? mth; vt;thW miof;fg;gl;lhh;? jNtfh; #rp> mtu; gioa Gj;jh; vd miof;fg;gl;lhu;. <) jpwe;j ntspf;nfhs;ifia cUthf;fpath;fs; ahth;? mnkhpf;fh> ,q;fpyhe;J



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4. ghf;rh; Gul;rp (JU-15) m) rPd - [g;ghdpa Nghhpd; tpisT ahJ? rPdh [g;ghdhy; Njhw;fbf;fg;gl;lJ

M) rPdh> [g;ghdpw;F mspj;j jPT vJ? ghh;Nkhrh

,) ghf;rh; fyfj;jpw;fhd fhuzk; ahJ? murp jNtfh; #rp rPd ,isQh;fis ntspehl;ltUf;F vjpuhf J}z;baJ.

<) ghf;rh;fs; vd;d nra;jhh;fs;? Mq;fpy> gpnuQ;R kw;Wk; n[h;khdpa fpwpj;Jth;fis jhf;fpdh;.


1. n[h;kdpapd; Nguhir (AP-13, AP-16) m) Kjy; cyfg;Nghhpd; NghJ n[h;kdpapd; murh; ahh;? nfa;rh; ,uz;lhk; tpy;ypak; M) mthpd; ek;gpf;if vd;d? cyfk; KOtJk; Mjpf;fk; nrYj;Jk; chpik n[h;kdpf;F kl;LNk cz;L ,) mtuhy; rfpj;Jf;nfhs;s KbahjJ vJ? Mq;fpNyah;fspd; Nguurpy; #hpad; kiwtjpy;iy vd;w $w;W <) vq;F fg;gw;gilj; jsk; mikj;jpUe;jhh;? n`ypNfhyhz;l;

2. ghy;fd; gpur;rid (JU-15, SE-12,13) m) ghy;fd; ehLfisf; Fwpg;gpLf. nrh;gpah> gy;Nfhpah> my;Ngdpah> fphP]; kw;Wk; khz;b ePf;Nuh

M) Kjy; ghy;fd; Nghh; vt;thW KbTf;F te;jJ? yz;ld; cld;gbf;if %yk; ,) Vida ghy;fd; ehLfs; gy;Nfhpah kPJ Vd; Nghh;njhLj;jd?

gFjpfis gpupj;Jf; nfhs;tjpy; gpur;rid Vw;gl;ljhy; <) ,uz;lhk; ghy;fd; Nghhpd; KbT vd;d? gy;Nfhpah Njhw;fbf;fg;gl;lJ. nrh;gpah ngUk; gFjpfis jd;NdhL Nrh;j;Jf;nfhz;lJ.

3. cldbf; fhuzk; m) Ngh];dpah kw;Wk; n`h;rpNfhtpdhit vg;nghOJ M];jphpah ,izj;jJ? 1908 M) M];jphpah ehl;L gl;lj;J ,sturh; ahh;? gpuhd;rp]; ngh;bdhd;L ,) mtUf;F Neh;e;jJ vd;d? nrh;gpa ,isQdhy; Rl;Lf; nfhy;yg;gl;lhh; <) M];jphpah vd;d nra;jJ? nfhiy Fwpj;J nrh;gpahtpd; tpsf;fk; jpUg;jp mspf;fhjjhy; Nghh; mwptpj;jJ.

4. Nghhpd; Nghf;F (AP-15) m) Kjy; cyfg;Nghhpd; fhyk; vd;d? 1914 Kjy; 1918 tiu M) ika ehLfs; ahit? n[h;kdpAk; mjd; $l;lzp ehLfSk; ,) Ner ehLfs; ahit? ,q;fpyhe;Jk; mjd; el;GwT ehLfSk;

<) Nghhpy; cgNahfg;gLj;jg;gl;l Nghh;f; fUtpfs; ahit? gPuq;fpg;gil kw;Wk; ePh;%o;fpf; fg;gy;fs;

5. fpof;F Kidg; Nghh;f;fsk; m) JUf;fp ve;j Mz;L Nghhpy; <Lgl;lJ? mf;Nlhgh; 1914

M) ,J Vd; xU rhl;ilabahff; fUjg;gLfpwJ? u\;ahtpw;Fk; JUf;fpf;Fk; ,ilNa ,Ue;j jfty; njhlh;G Jz;bf;fg;gl;lJ



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,) gphpl;ld;> fypNghyp jPgfw;gj;ij gpbf;f tpUk;gpaJ Vd;? lhh;ldy;]; gFjpia fl;Lg;gLj;jTk;> fhd;];lhz;b Nehgpisf; ifg;gw;wTk; <) lhu;ldy;]; gilnaLg;gpd; tpisTfs; ahit? Mq;fpNya gil Njhy;tpaila> gy;Nfhpah ika ehLfSlDk;> UNkdpah Ner ehLfSlDk; Nrh;e;jJ.

6. Nghh; tpisTfs; m) cld;gbf;ifapd; Kf;fpa mk;rq;fs; vt;thW vOjg;gl;ld? cl;Nuh tpy;rdpd; 14 mk;r Nfhl;ghl;bd; gb M) n[h;kdp gpuhd;rplk; ,oe;jit ahit? my;Nr];> nyhiud; kw;Wk; rhh; epyf;fhp Ruq;fk; ,) kd;duhl;rpia KbTf;Ff; nfhz;L te;j ehLfs; ahit? n[h;kdp> u\;ah> M];jpupah kw;Wk; JUf;fp <) Gjpjhfj; Njhd;wpa FbauRfs; ahit? nrf;Nfh];Nyhthfpah kw;Wk; Nghye;J

7. rh;tNjr rq;fk; (JU-12, 13) m) rh;tNjr rq;fj;jpw;F Kd; Njhd;wpa rpy rh;tNjr mikg;Gfspd; ngah;fis vOJf. 1. rh;tNjr rKjhak; 2. cyf mikjpf; $l;likg;G 3. Rje;jpu ehLfspd; rh;tNjr rq;fk; M) rh;tNjr rq;fj;jpd; jiyikafk; vq;F mike;Js;sJ? Rtpl;rh;yhe;J ehl;by; cs;s n[dpth efupy; ,) cWg;G ehLfs; jq;fs; gpur;ridfSf;F vt;thW jPh;T fhzNtz;Lk;? rh;tNjr rq;fj;jpd; %yk; R%fkhd Kiwapy;

<) [g;ghd; vg;NghJ kQ;#hpahitf; ifg;gw;wpaJ? 1931

3. ,U cyfg;Nghh;fSf;fpilNa cyfepiy (fp.gp.1919-fp.gp.1939) – nghUshjhug; ngUke;jk;

1. gpuhq;;fspd; b. &];nty;l; (AP-12, AP-16) m) [dhjpgjp Njh;jy; vg;nghOJ eilngw;wJ? 1932

M) gpuhq;fspd; b. &];nty;l; vt;thW miof;fg;gl;lhh;? F.D.R

,) mtuJ Njh;jy; mwpf;if ahJ? mnkupf;f kf;fSf;F Gjpa gaDhpikf;nfhs;ifia mh;g;gzpf;f cWjpaspf;fpNwd; <) mth; cUthf;fpa nfhs;ifapd; ngah; vd;d? Gjpa gaDhpikf; nfhs;if

2. epthuzg; gzpfspd; tpisTfs; m) kf;fSf;F ahh; kPJ ek;gpf;if Vw;glr; nra;jJ? F.D.R murpd; kPJ M) vjw;F mbj;jsk; mikj;Jf; nfhLj;jJ? nghUshjhu Nkd;ik> cw;gj;jp ngUf;fk; ,) mnkhpf;fh;fspd; tho;f;ifapy; xU mq;fkhf Vw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gl;l rpy fUj;Jf;fis vOJf. Kjyhsp-njhopyhsp $l;Lg; Ngr;R thh;j;ij> gq;F gupth;j;jid Kiwg;gLj;Jjy;> Ntiy Neuf;fl;Lg;ghLfs;. <) vJ cyf ehLfspy; rPh;jpUj;jq;fSf;F topfhl;bahf mike;jJ? Gjpa gaDhpik nfhs;if 4. ,j;jhypapy; ghrprk; (fp.gp.1922-fp.gp.1945)

1. ghrprf; fl;rp (AP-14, SE-14) m) ghrprf; fl;rpiaj; Njhw;Wtpj;jth; ahh;? KNrhypdp

M) KNrhypdpapd; Kof;fk; gw;wp vOJf ek;G-fPo;g;gb-NghuhL mjpf gil - mjpf kjpg;G



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,) ghrprj;jpd; Nehf;fq;fs; vd;d? ehl;il cah;epiyf;F nfhzh;jy;> jdp kdpjdpd; clikfis ghJfhj;jy;> Mw;wy; kpf;f ntspAwTf; nfhs;if

<) ghrprj;jpd; Fwpf;Nfhs; vd;d? vy;yhk; ehl;bw;fhfNt - ehl;bw;F vjpuhf vJTkpy;iy - ehl;bw;F ntspNa vJTkpy;iy

2. ghrprj;jpd; rhjidfs; m) njhopy; cw;gj;jpapy; KNrhypdp mwptpj;j khw;wq;fs; ahit? njhopy; Jiwapy; xOq;Fk;> fl;Lg;ghLk; M) njhopy; gl;lak; gw;wp eP mwpe;jtw;iw vOJf njhopyhsh; eyDf;F cfe;jJ> njhopiy ngUf;fpaJ ,) Ntshz;ikj; Jiwapy; KNrhypdp vLj;j eltbf;iffs; ahit? ePh;ghrd trjpia Nkk;gLj;jp> jupR epyq;fis tpisr;ry; epyq;fshf khw;wpdhh; <) Nyl;lud; cld;gbf;if vg;nghOJ ifnaOj;jhdJ? 1929

3. KNrhypdpapd; jPtpu ntspAwTf; nfhs;if m) Njrj;jpd; Kd; KNrhypdpapd; Kof;fk; vd;d? ,j;jhypia Nguurhf khw;w Ntz;Lk; my;yJ mopf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. M) KNrhypdp vg;nghOJ my;Ngdpahitf; ifg;gw;wpdhh;? 1939 ,) $l;L ehLfs; Fz;L tPrpa jPT ahJ? rprpyp

<) KNrhypdpapd; KbT vd;d? ,j;jhypa Fbkfdhy; nfhy;yg;gl;lhh;.


1. mlhy;/g; `pl;yh; (SE-12,13, AP-15) m) mlhy;/g; `pl;yh; vq;F gpwe;jhh;? M];jphpah M) mth; je;ijapd; njhopy; vd;d? Rq;f mjpfhup ,) `pl;yh; vjidj; Njhw;Wtpj;jhh;? Njrpa rkjh;kthjpfs; mikg;G (ehrprf; fl;rp) <) `pl;yh; vOjpa Gj;jfj;jpd; ngah; vd;d? nkapd; fhk;g; (vdJ Nghuhl;lk;)

2. `pl;yhpd; jPtpuf; nfhs;if m) `pl;yh; vjw;fhf ehLfisf; ifg;gw;wpdhh;? n[h;kdpapd; tsj;ij ngUf;f kf;fs; njhif ngUf;fj;ij rkhspf;f

Gjpa FbNaw;wq;fis cUthf;f M) 1925 Mk; Mz;L Vw;gl;l nyhfhh;Ndh cld;gbf;if vt;thW kPwpdhh;? ,uhZt tpyf;F ngw;w iud;yhe;ij ifg;gw;wpdhh; ,) `pl;yh; Nghye;jplk; Ntz;baJ vd;d? n[h;kdpiaAk; fpof;F gpu\;ahitAk; ,izf;Fk; tifapy; Nghye;J topahf

,uhZtrhiy mikf;Fk; chpik <) `pl;yh; Nghye;J kPJ vg;nghOJ Nghh; njhLj;jhh;? 1939


1. ,uz;lhk; cyfg;Nghh; - fhuzq;fs; (JU-14) m); ,j;jhyp - n[h;kdp - [g;ghd; nra;J nfhz;l cld;gbf;if ahJ? Nuhk;-ngh;ypd;-Nlhf;fpNah cld;gbf;if M) Kjy; cyfg; NghUf;Fg; gpd; Vw;gl;l rpy murpay; nfhs;iffisf; Fwpg;gpLf [dehafk;> nghJTilikf; nfhs;if> ghrprk;> ehrprk; ,) ty;yuR ehLfspd; jiyth;fs; gpd;gw;wpa nfhs;iffs; gw;wp vOJf Nghypahd mikjpf; nfhs;if



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<) `pl;yh; vij kPwpdhh;? kpA+dpr; cld;gbf;if

2. ghh;Nghpa fly; Nghh; eltbf;iffs; m) ghh;Nghpa fly;Nghh; ve;j Mz;L njhlq;fpaJ? 1941

M) `pl;yh; tpUk;gpaJ ahJ? fk;A+dprpaj;ij me;j kz;zpNy mopf;f tpUk;gpdhh; ,) `pl;yhpd; cj;juT vd;d? A+Nfh];yhtpah kw;Wk; fphP]; ehLfs; kPJ jhf;Fjy; elj;j cj;juT <) mr;R ehLfs; ghy;fd; ehLfis vg;NghJ jq;fs; fl;Lg;ghl;bd; fPo; nfhz;L te;jd? 1941 Vg;uy; khj ,Wjpf;Fs; jq;fs; fl;Lg;ghl;bd; fPo; nfhz;L te;jd.

3. Nghh; KbT m) mnkhpf;f gphpl;b\; gilfs; vq;F fskpwq;fpd? ehh;kz;bapy; M) ,th;fs; ahUld; ,ize;J nfhz;ldh;? gpuhd;R csTgilAld; ,) `pl;yh; vd;d nra;jhh;? jw;nfhiy nra;J nfhz;lhh;

<) mnkhpf;fh> `pNuh\pkh kw;Wk; ehfrhfp kPJ vg;nghOJ mZFz;Lfis tPrpaJ? 1945 Mf];L 6 - `pNuh\pkh> Mf];L 9 – ehfrhfp

4. Nghhpd; tpisTfs; m) [g;ghidf; ifg;gw;wpaJ ahh;? nkf; Mh;jh; jiyikapyhd mnkhpf;fg; gil M) ,uz;lhk; cyfg; NghUf;Fg; gpd; Njhd;wpa ,U ty;yuRfs; ahit? mnkhpf;fh> u\;ah

,) NghUf;Fg; gpd; Rje;jpuk; ngw;w ehLfs; ahit? ,e;jpah> ,yq;if> gh;kh> vfpg;J> kNyrpah> gpypg;igd;];> ,e;NjhrPdh> ,e;NjhNdrpah <) If;fpa ehLfs; rig Njhw;Wtpf;fg;gl;lJ Vd;? cyf mikjp ngw> cyf kf;fspilNa xw;Wik Vw;gLj;j


1. I.eh.rigapd; mq;fq;fs; m) I.eh.tpd; Kf;fpa mq;fq;fs; ahit?

nghJr;rig> ghJfhg;G kd;wk;> nghUshjhu kw;Wk; r%f kd;wk;> jh;kfh;j;jh mit> gd;dhl;L ePjpkd;wk;> nrayfk;

M) 1953 Mk; Mz;L nghJ mitapd; jiytuhfj; Njh;e;njLf;fg;gl;lth; ahh;? jpUkjp. tp[ayl;Rkp gz;bl; ,) jh;kfh;j;;jh rigapd; gzpfs; ahJ? I.eh. mitapd; fPOs;s rpy ehLfis fz;fhzpg;gJ

<) I.eh.tpd; jiyikr; nrayhsh; vt;thW Njh;e;njLf;fg;gLfpwhh;? ghJfhg;G mitapd; ghpe;Jiuapd; Nghpy; nghJr;rig jiyikr; nrayhsiu Njh;T nra;fpwJ.

1. I.eh. tpd; Kf;fpa rhjidfs; (JU-12,15)

m) I.eh. nra;J nfhz;l Kf;fpa cld;gbf;iffisf; Fwpg;gpLf. 1963-mZ Nrhjid jilr; rl;lk; kw;Wk; 1996-njhlh; mZ Nrhjid jilr;rl;lk; M) Rw;Wr;#oy; kw;Wk; Nkk;ghl;L khehL vq;F elj;jg;gl;lJ? 1992-y; upNah-b-n[dpNuhtpy; elj;jg;gl;lJ. ,) midj;J ehLfSk; vjid Vw;Wf; nfhz;ld? mwpf;if 21 vd;w Nfhl;ghL

<) #a]; fhy;tha; gpur;ridia I.eh.vt;thW KbTf;F nfhz;L te;jJ? mikjpg;gil %yk;



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1. INuhg;gpa xd;wpaj;jpd; mq;fq;fs; m) INuhg;gpa xd;wpaj;jpd; rl;lk; ,aw;Wk; mikg;G vJ? INuhg;gpa ghuhSkd;wk; M) INuhg;gpa Mizaj;jpd; nray;ghLfs; ahit? rl;lk; ,aw;Wjy;> rkh;gpj;jy;> eph;thf nray;ghL ,) INuhg;gpa ePjpkd;wk; vq;F mike;Js;sJ? yf;]k;gh;f; efupy;

<) me;epag; ghpth;j;jid Kiwfs; ahUila Kf;fpag; nghWg;ghFk;? INuhg;gpa kj;jpa tq;fp

2. INuhg;gpa xd;wpaj;jpd; rhjidfs; m) INuhg;gpa xd;wpaj;jpd; xw;iw ehzaj;jpd; FwpaPL vd;d?

€ - A+Nuh M) INuhg;gpa xw;iw ehzak; vijf; fisfpwJ? tzpf ghpth;j;jid jilfis

,) INuhg;gpa xd;wpaj;jpy; jw;NghJ vj;jid cWg;G ehLfs; cs;sd? 28

<) INuhg;gpa xd;wpa Muha;r;rpj; jpl;lq;fSf;F epjp xJf;Fk; mikg;G vJ? INuhg;gpa Muha;r;rp Mizak;


1. 1857 Mk; Mz;L ngUk; Gul;rpf;fhd murpay; fhuzq;fs; m) Jizg;gilj;jpl;lj;jpid mwpKfg;gLj;jpath; ahh;? nty;ny];yp gpuG M) ly;n`srp gpuG mwpKfg;gLj;jpa nfhs;if ahJ? ehL ,of;Fk; nfhs;if ,) ,uz;lhk; gfJ}h;\h kPJ Mq;fpNyah; Nkw;nfhz;l eltbf;if ahJ? rpiwgpbf;fg;gl;L uq;$Df;F ehL flj;jg;gl;lhh;.

<) ehdhrhfpg; jdJ ntWg;ig Mq;fpNyah; kPJ mjpfg;gLj;jpaJ Vd;? Xa;T+jpak; epWj;jg;gl;ljhy;

2. fhd;g+h; (SE-12, JU-14) m) fhd;g+hpy; ele;j Gul;rpahsh;fSld; ,ize;jJ ahh;? ehdhrhfpg; M) Mq;fpNyah;fSf;F Vw;gl;l epiy vd;d? Mq;fpNyah;fs; gil fyff;fhuh;fsplk; ruzile;jJ ,) ehdhrhfpg;ig Njhw;fbj;jJ ahh;? rh; fhypd; fhk;g;ngy; <) fhd;g+h; vg;nghOJ Mq;fpNyah; trk; te;jJ? etk;gh;> 1857y;

3. kj;jpa ,e;jpahtpy; ngUk; Gul;rp (AP-12, JU-13,SE-15) m) kj;jpa ,e;jpahtpy; ngUk; Gul;rpia topelj;jpr; nrd;wth; ahh;? ,uhzp yl;Rkpgha;> jhe;jpah Njhg; M) ,uhzp ,yl;Rkpgha; ifg;gw;wpa efuk; vJ? Fthypah; ,) ,uhzp ,yl;Rkpghapd; KbT vd;d? 1858 k; Mz;L ele;j Nghupy; nfhy;yg;gl;lhh; <) jhe;jpah Njhg;gpw;F epfo;e;jJ vd;d? ifJ nra;ag;gl;L nfhy;yg;gl;lhh;.


1. gpuk;k rkh[k; (JU-13, SE-15) m) gpuk;k rkh[j;jpid epWtpath; ahh;? ,uh[huhk; Nkhfd; uha; M) ,uh[huhk; Nkhfd;uha; gapd;w nkhopfs; ahit? (AEFGHLP) muhgpf;> Mq;fpyk;> gpnuQ;R> fpNuf;fk;> P̀g;U> ,yj;jPd; kw;Wk; ghurPfk;;;



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,) ,uh[huhk; Nkhfd;uha; vOjpa Gj;jfq;fs; ahit? 1) VR fpwp];Jtpd; fl;lisfs; 2) mikjpf;Fk; kfpo;r;rpf;Fk; top

<) gpuk;k rkh[j;jpd; ek;gpf;if ahJ? xNu flTs; - nghJ rkak;

2. Mhpa rkh[k; (AP-13,16, JU-15,SE-14) m) Rthkp jahde;j ru];tjpapd; ,aw;ngah; vd;d? %y; rq;fh;

M) Rthkp jahde;j ru];tjpapd; FU ahh;? Rthkp tpuh[de;jh;

,) Rthkp jahde;j ru];tjpapd; nfhs;if vd;d? Ntjj;ij Nehf;fp nry;

<) Mhpa rkh[k; vjid Mjhpj;jJ? ngz; fy;tp> fyg;G kzk;> rkge;jp czT> jho;j;jg;gl;Nlhh; Kd;Ndw;wk;

3. gpuk;kQhd rig (JU-12) m) gpuk;kQhd rigia epWtpath; ahh;? Nklk; gpshthl;];fp kw;Wk; n`d;wp v];. My;fhl;

M) gpuk;kQhd rig epWtg;gl;lJ Vd;? flTs; gf;jp kw;Wk; cz;ik mwpit kf;fs; ngw ,) 1893 Mk; Mz;L gpuk;kQhd rigapd; jiyth; ahh;? md;dpngrz;l; mk;ikahh; <) gpuk;kQhd rigapd; jiyikafk; vq;Fs;sJ? nrd;id milahhpy; cs;sJ

4. ,uhkfpU\;;z klk; (AP-14,SE-13) m) ,uhkfpU\;z guk`k;rh; vd;gth; ahh;? fhsp Nfhtpy; mh;r;rfh; M) ,uhkfpU\;z klj;jpid epWtpaJ ahh;? Rthkp tpNtfhde;jh; ,) cyf rkakhehL vq;F vg;nghOJ eilngw;wJ? 1893y; rpfhNfh efupy; eilngw;wJ.

<) cyf rkakhehl;by; ,e;J rkaj;jpd; gpujpepjpahf fye;J nfhz;lth; ahh;? Rthkp tpNtfhde;jh;

5. mypfhh; ,af;fk; m) K];yPk;fspd; Kjy; rka ,af;fj;jpd; ngah; vd;d? mypfhh; ,af;fk; M) rh; iraJ mfkJ fhd; cWjpahf ek;gpaJ vd;d? etPd fy;tp %yk; K];yPk;fspilNa rPh;jpUj;jk; ,) rh; iraJ mfkJ fhdpd; rhjid ahJ? mypfhupy; Kfkjpad; Mq;fpNyh Xhpaz;ly; fy;Y}up Njhw;Wtpj;jJ

<) rh; iraJ mfkJ fhd; ntspapl;l nra;jpjhspd; ngah; vd;d? jhrpy;-cj;-m/yf;

6. lhf;lh;. gp. Mh;. mk;Ngj;fhh; (AP-15) m) jypj;Jf;fs; kw;Wk; jho;j;jg;gl;Nlhh;fspd; kPl;ghsh; ahh;? lhf;lh;.gp. Mh;. mk;Ngj;fhh; M) ,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; rl;l mikr;rh; ahh;? lhf;lh;.gp. Mh;. mk;Ngj;fhh; ,) ,e;jpa murhq;fj;jhy; ,th; vt;thW rpwg;gpf;fg;gl;lhh;? 1990y; ghuj uj;dh tpUJ toq;fp rpwg;gpf;fg;gl;lhu;. <) gk;gha;f;F mUfpy; kfj; Nguzpia jiyik Vw;W elj;jpaJ Vd;? jPz;lj;jfhj kf;fSf;F kfj; vd;w ,lj;jpy; cs;s nghJ Fsj;jpy; FbePh; vLf;Fk;

cupikia ngw;Wf;nfhLf;f.



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1. Njrpa ,af;fk; N;jhd;Wtjw;fhd fhuzq;fs; m) Njrpaj; jiyth;fs; vt;thW kf;fis fth;e;jdh;? tl;lhu nkhop gj;jpupf;if thapyhf M) tl;lhu nkhopg; gj;jphpf;if rl;lk; vg;nghOJ nfhz;Ltug;gl;lJ? 1878

,) Mq;fpNyah;fs; gpd;gw;wpa nfhs;if ahJ? gphpj;jhSk; nfhs;if

<) Mq;fpNyah;fs; ,e;jpaiu vt;thW fUjpdh;? jho;thfTk;> ,opthfTk;> ehfupfkw;wth;fshfTk; fUjpdu;

2. ,e;jpa Njrpa fhq;fpu]; m) ,e;jpa Njrpa fhq;fpu]; vg;nghOJ Njhw;Wtpf;fg;gl;lJ? 1885 M) ,e;jpa Njrpa fhq;fpu]; ahUila MNyhridahy; Njhw;Wtpf;fg;gl;lJ? Myd; Mf;Nltpad; `pA+k; ,) fhq;fpurpd; Kjy; khehL vq;F eilngw;wJ? ,jw;F jiyik jhq;fpath; ahh;? Kk;igapy; W.C. ghdh;[p jiyikapy; <) fhq;fpurpd; Kjy; khehl;by; fye;J nfhz;l jiyth;fs; ngaiuf; Fwpg;gpLf. jhjhgha; nesNuh[p> RNue;jpuehj; ghdh;[p> Nfhghy fpU\;z NfhfNy> ngNuh\h Nkj;jh

3. jPtputhjpfs; m) rpy jPtputhj jiyth;fspd; ngah;fisf; Fwpg;gpLf. ghy fq;fhju jpyfh;> yhyh y[gjp uha;> gpgpd; re;jpu ghy;> mutpe;j Nfh\; M) jpyfhpd; mwptpg;G vd;d? Rauh[;ak; vdJ gpwg;Ghpik> mij mile;Nj jPUNtd;

,) jpyfh; GJg;gpj;j gz;biffis Fwpg;gpLf. fzgjp kw;Wk; rpth[p gz;biffs;

<) jPtputhj Njrpathjpfspd; tpUg;gk; ahJ? Nehf;fj;ij milAk; Kiwia khw;w tpUk;gpdh;

4. [hypad; thyhghf; gLnfhiy (AP-12,15, JU-13, SE-12,15 ) m) ifJ nra;ag;gl;l Kf;fpakhd jiyth;fs; ahh;? lhf;lh; rj;jpaghy; kw;Wk; lhf;lh; rha;g;GjPd; fpr;Y M) kf;fs; vq;F $bdh;? mkph;jru]py; cs;s [hypad; thyhghf; G+q;fhtpy; ,) mkph;jru]pd; Mq;fpy ,uhZt jsgjp ahh;? n[duy; lah; <) ,utPe;jpuehj; jh$h; nra;jJ vd;d? iel; Tl; gl;lj;ij Jwe;jhh;.


1. irkd; FO (AP-14) m) irkd; FO Vd; epakpf;fg;gl;lJ?

1919 rl;lj;ij Muha M) ,e;jpah;fs; ,f;FOit Vd; epuhfupj;jdh;? ,e;jpah;fs; ahUk; ,lk; ngwhjjhy;

,) irkd; FO vg;gb tuNtw;fg;gl;lJ? irkNd jpUk;gpg; Ngh vd;w Kof;fj;Jld;

<) irkd; FO vjph;g;G Nghuhl;lj;jpd; NghJ ,we;j ,e;jpa jiythpd; ngaiuf; Fwpg;gpLf. yhyh y[gjp uha;

2. Mf];l; ed;nfhil m) Mf];l; ed;nfhil vg;nghOJ mwptpf;fg;gl;lJ? 1940



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M) ,uz;lhk; cyfg; NghUf;F gpd; ,e;jpahtpw;F mspf;fg;gl;l cWjpnkhop vd;d? ,e;jpahtpw;F murpay; epu;zarig mikf;f xU FO epakpf;fg;gLk;. murg;gpujpepjpapd;

Nghu; MNyhrid FOtpy; ,e;jpaUf;F ,lk; mspf;fg;gLk; ,) Nghh;f; FO mikf;fg;gl;lJ Vd;? fhq;fpui] jpUg;jp nra;tjw;fhf

<) Nghh;f; FOtpy; ahUf;F gpujpepjpj;Jtk; mspf;fg;gLk; vd cWjpaspf;fg;gl;lJ? ,e;jpaUf;F

3. kTz;l; Ngl;ld; jpl;lk; (JU-14) m) 1947 - Mk; Mz;L ,e;jpa fth;dh; n[duyhfg; gjtpNaw;wth; ahh;? kTz;l; Ngl;ld; gpuG M) Mq;fpNya filrp fth;dh; n[duy; ahh;? kTz;l; Ngl;ld; gpuG ,) kTz;l; Ngl;ld; jpl;lk; vd;why; vd;d? ,e;jpah> ghfp];jhd; ,U ehLfshf gphpg;gJ

<) kTz;l; Ngl;ld; jpl;lj;jpw;F fhq;fpu]; kw;Wk; K];yPk; yPf;fpd; gpujpgypg;G vd;d? fhq;fpuRk;> K];yPk;yPf;Fk; Vw;Wf; nfhz;ld.


1. rp. ,uh[ Nfhghyhr;rhhpahh; m) ,uh[ Nfhghyhr;rhhpahh; vq;F gpwe;jhh;? njhug;gs;sp fpuhkj;jpy; M) 1939 Mk; Mz;L ,uh[ Nfhghyhr;rhhpahh; Kjyikr;rh; gjtpia uh[pdhkh nra;jJ Vd;? ,uz;lhk; cyfg; Nghupy; ,e;jpahit <LgLj;jpaij fz;bj;J

,) ,th; jdJ ,uz;lhtJ Ml;rpf; fhyj;jpy; mwpKfg;gLj;jpa jpl;lk; ahJ? Fyf;fy;tpj; jpl;lk; <) rhzf;fpah; vd;W miof;fg;gLtJ Vd;? je;jpukhd murpay; nrayhy;

2. Nf. fhkuh[h; (AP-13, AP-16) m) fhkuh[h; vg;gb murpaypy; Eioe;jhh;? 1924y; itf;fk; rj;jpahfpufg; Nghuhl;lj;jpy; <Lgl;L murpaypy; Eioe;jhu;.

M) 1930 y; vq;F rpiwapy; milf;fg;gl;lhh;? mypg;G+h; rpiwapy;

,) 1947 k; Mz;L ,e;jpa Njrpa nfhbia vq;F Vw;wpdhh;? rj;jpa%h;j;jpapd; tPl;by; <) fhkuh[h; vg;nghOJ ,we;jhh;? mf;Nlhgh; 2> 1975


1. ePjpf;fl;rp m) ePjpf; fl;rpia Njhw;Wtpj;jth; ahh;? b.vk;.ehah; kw;Wk; jpahfuha nrl;bahh;

M) ePjpf; fl;rp vg;nghOJ Ml;rpf;F te;jJ? 1920

,) ePjpf; fl;rp vg;nghOJ Njhw;fbf;fg;gl;lJ? 1937

<) ePjpf; fl;rpapd; rhjidfs; ,uz;bid vOJ. ngz;fSf;F thf;Fhpik> Njtjhrp Kiw xopg;G

2. Rakhpahij ,af;fk; (JU-12, SE-13, SE-14) m) Rakhpahij ,af;fj;ij Njhw;Wtpj;jth; ahh;? <.Nt. ,uhkrhkp nghpahh;

M) Rakhpahij ,af;fk; Vd; Njhw;Wtpf;fg;gl;lJ? gFj;jwpT nfhs;iffis gug;g ,) ,e;j ,af;fk; vg;nghOJ Njhw;Wtpf;fg;gl;lJ? 1925

<) Rakhpahij ,af;fj;jpd; njhlh; Nghuhl;l tpisthf muR ,aw;wpa rl;lq;fis vOJ. tpjitfs; kWkzr;rl;lk;> kfsph; nrhj;Jupik rl;lk;> Njtjhrp Kiw xopg;G rl;lk;



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10-k; tFg;G r%ftpay; ngU tpdhf;fs; ntw;wpf;F top


Ie;J kjpg;ngz; ngUtpdhf;fs;

tuyhW


1. Vfhjpgj;jpaj;jpw;fhd fhuzq;fs; ahit?

(SE-12, JU-13, AP-16) 1. njhopw;Gul;rp njhopw;Gul;rpapd; fhuzkhf nghUl;fspd;

cw;gj;jp mjpfhpj;jJ. nghUl;fis tpw;f re;ijfs; Njitg;gl;ljhy; Mrpa> Mg;gphpf;f ehLfspy; FbNaw;wq;fis Vw;gLj;jpd.

2. Njrpa kakhf;fy; Njrpa kakhf;fg;gl;l ehLfs; jq;fs;

ngUikia epiyehl;l tsh;r;rp Fd;wpa ehLfspd; kPJ Mjpf;fk; nra;a tpUk;gpd.

3. ty;yik rkepiy Mjpf;fk; rkepiy Mjpf;fj;ij epiyehl;l INuhg;gpa

ehLfs; FbNaw;wq;fis Vw;gLj;jpd. 4. Gjpa topj;jlq;fs; fz;Lgpbg;G Mrpa> Mg;gphpf;f fz;lq;fis mila

fz;L gpbf;fg;gl;l Gjpa topj;jlq;fs; Vfhjpgj;jpa nfhs;ifia Cf;Ftpj;jd.

5. kf;fs; njhifg; ngUf;fk; kf;fs; njhifg; ngUf;fk;> Ntiyap;d;ik

Mfpait Vfhjpgj;jpaj;ij J}z;baJ. 6. Njrpa ghJfhg;G may; ehLfspy; KjyPL nra;J mjd;

ghJfhg;gpw;fhf me;ehLfis jq;fs; Mjpf;fj;jpd; fPo; nfhz;L tu INuhg;gpa ehLfs; tpUk;gpd.

7. rl;l xOq;fpd;ik ehLfspilNa mikjpia tsh;j;J

ghJfhg;ig tYg;gLj;Jk; rl;lq;fs; ,y;yhjjhy; rl;l xOq;fw;w epiy FbNaw;wq;fis ifg;gw;w toptFj;jJ.

2. Vfhjpgj;jpak; ve;nje;j topKiwfspy; Vw;gLj;jg;gl;lJ? 1. Nghh; kw;Wk; ifafg;gLj;Jjy;

];ngapd;> gpuhd;R> ,q;fpyhe;J Nghd;w ehLfshy; mDg;gg;gl;l gil tPuh;fs; gy ehLfspd; jiyikia tPo;j;jp> mq;F Vfhjpgj;jpaj;ij epiyehl;bdh;.

2. rYiffs; my;yJ chpikfs; JUf;fpapy; ePz;l ,uapy;ghij mikf;Fk; gpuj;jpNaf chpikia n[h;kdpiar; Nrh;e;j tzpfh;fs; FO ngw;W nghUshjhu tsq;fis Ruz;bdh;.

3. Fj;jif chpik n[h;khdpag; NguuR rPdhtplk; ,Ue;J ~hz;Lq; jPgfw;gj;jpd; kPJ 99 Mz;LfSf;F Fj;jif chpkk; ngw;W nghUshjhu tsq;fis Ruz;bdh;.

4. nry;thf;if epiyehl;Ljy; gphpl;ld; kw;Wk; u~ ;ah> ghurPf ehl;ilAk;> INuhg;gpa ehLfs; rPdhtpYk; FbNaw;w

ehLfspy; nghUshjhuj;ij Ruz;l jdp chpikia Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhz;L jq;fs; nry;thf;if epiyehl;bd.

5. ghJfhg;G Vw;gLj;Jjy; gpuhd;R ehL nkhuhf;Nfh kPJ jdJ ghJfhg;ig epiyehl;b> nghk;ik Ml;rp cld;gbf;if Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhz;L ngUk; epyg;gug;ig jq;fs; trg;gLj;jp Ruz;l Kw;gl;ldh;.

6. nghUshjhuk; my;yJ thpf;fl;Lg;ghL JUf;fpapy; midj;J nghUshjhu mikg;GfSk; Ml;Nlhkhd; nghJf; fld; eph;thfj;jpy; ehl;bd; nghUshjhu mjpfhuq;fis jd; tag;gLj;jpf; nfhz;ld.

7. xg;gilg;G Kiw Ke;ija fhy FbNaw;w ehLfs; gyTk; gpw;gLj;jg;gl;l gFjpfSk; rh;tNjr rq;fj;jplk; xg;gilf;fg;gl;ld. ru;tNjr rq;fk; ,j;jifa ehLfis guhkhpf;Fk;gb gy ehLfisf; Nfl;Lf;nfhz;lJ ,t;thW guhkupg;ig Vw;w ehLfs; „eph;thf xg;gilg;G Vw;w ehLfs;‟ MFk;.

3. Vfhjpgj;jpaj;jpd; tpisTfs; ahit?(AP-14)

rhjfkhd tpisTfs;; 1. FbNaw;w ehLfspy; Nghf;Ftuj;J> njhiy

njhlh;G Jiwapy; Kd;Ndw;wj;ij Vw;gLj;jpaJ.

2. Gjpa tptrha Kiwfis ifahz;L czT nghUl;fspd; cw;gj;jpia mjpfhpj;jd.

3. fy;tp> kUj;Jtk; kw;Wk; Rfhjhu Jiwfis Nkk;gLj;jpd.

4. FbNaw;w ehLfspy; cs;s kf;fspd; tho;f;ifj;juj;ij cah;j;jpd.

5. ehLfspy; mikjp> fl;Lg;ghL kw;Wk; xw;Wikia tsh;j;jd.

ghjfkhd tpisTfs;; 1. FbNaw;w ehLfs; Rje;jpuj;ij ,oe;jd. 2. mth;fs; mbikfshf elj;jg;gl;ldh;. 3. FbNaw;w ehLfs; re;ijfshf tpsq;fpd. 4. ,dNtWghl;Lf;nfhs;iffs; gpd;gw;wg;gl;ld. 5. Ntiyapd;ikAk; Vo;ikAk; mjpfhpj;jd. 6. ghuk;ghpa fyhr;rhuk; mope;J Nkw;fj;jpa

fyhr;rhuk; mwpKfkhdJ 7. mbik tpahghuj;jpdhy; Mg;gphpf;f ,dq;fs;

kiwe;jd.

4. Kjyhk; kw;Wk; ,uz;lhk; mgpdpg; Nghh;fis gw;wp tptup (JU-12, SE-15) Kjyhk; mgpdpg; Nghh; (fp.gp.1839 – 1842)

fhuzq;fs;: 1. Mq;fpNyah;fs; ,e;jpahtpy; mgpdpr; nrbia

tsh;j;J rPdhtpy; tpw;gij rPdh;fs; tpUk;gtpy;iy.

2. rPd murhq;fk; mgpdpf;F mjpf Rq;f thpAk;> fl;Lg;ghLk; tpjpj;jJ INuhg;gpa tzpfh;fis vhpr;ryila itj;jd.



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3. rPdg; NguuR mgpdp th;j;jfj;ij jil nra;jJ. vdNt Mq;fpNyah;fs; 1839-y; rPdh kPJ Nghh; njhLj;jdu; ,JNt Kjyhk; mgpdp Nghh; Vw;glf; fhuzkhdJ.

tpisTfs; 1. 1842-y; ehd;fpq; cld;gbf;ifg;gb rPdh

`hq;fhq; jPit ,q;fpyhe;Jf;F nfhLj;jJ. 2. Mq;fpNyah;fSf;F rPdh Nghh; ,og;gPl;L

njhifAk;> Ie;J JiwKfq;fspy; tzpfk; nra;a mDkjpiaAk; toq;fpaJ.

3. Fw;wtpay; tof;Ffspy; Mq;fpNyah;fSf;F mjpf rYiffs; toq;fg;gl;ld.

,uz;lhk; mgpdpg; Nghh; (fp.gp. 1857 – 1860) fhuzq;fs; 1. ntspehl;lth;fSf;F gy JiwKfq;fis

jpwf;f Nfhupaij kQ;R muR epuhfhpj;jJ. 2. Mq;fpy kw;Wk; gpnuQ;R gilfs; fhz;ld;

JiwKfj;ij jhf;fpf; ifg;gw;wpd. ,jdhy; ,uz;lhk; mgpdpg; Nghh; Vw;gl;lJ. tpisTfs; 1. rPdh Njhy;tpAw;W 1860-y; gPfpq;

cld;gbf;ifia Vw;Wf; nfhz;lJ. 2. ,jdhy; Mq;fpNyah; nfsY}d;

JiwKfj;ij ngw;wdh;. 3. NkYk; gy JiwKfq;fis

ntspehl;lth;fSf;F rPd muR nfhLj;jJ.


1. ghy;fd; gpur;rid Kjy; cyfg; NghUf;F toptFj;jJ vt;thW? 1. JUf;fp Nguurpd; gytPdk; :

JUf;fp Ml;Nlhkd; NguuR gytPdk; mile;jjhy; mjd; fl;Lg;ghl;by; ,Ue;j ghy;fd; ehLfshd nrh;gpah> gy;Nfupah> my;Ngdpah> fpuP];> kw;Wk; khz;b ePf;Nuh jq;fsJ Rje;jpuj;ij mwptpj;jd.

2. Kjy; ghy;fd; Nghh; : 1912-y; JUf;fp kPJ ghy;fd; ehLfs; gilnaLj;jjhy; Nghupy; JUf;fp Njhw;fbf;fg;gl;lJ.

3. gq;fPl;L gpur;rid : Nghupy; fpilj;j gFjpfis gq;fpl;Lf; nfhs;tjpy; nrh;gpahtpw;Fk; gy;NfhpahTf;Fk; ,ilNa Nghh; Vw;gl;lJ.

4. gy;Nfhpah kPJ Nghh; : 1913y; ghy;fd; ehLfs; xd;W Nrh;e;J gy;Nfhpah kPJ Nghh; njhLj;jd. ,e;j Nghupy; nrh;gpah ngUk; gFjpia ngw;wJ.

5. n[h;kdp jiyaPL : Nghupy; Njhy;tpAw;w JUf;fpAk;> gy;NfupahTk; jq;fsJ gFjpfis jpUk;g ngw n[h;kdpapd; cjtpia ehl> ghy;fd; gpur;rid Kjy; cyfg; NghUf;F toptFj;jJ.

2. Kjy; cyfg; Nghupd; tpisTfs; ahit? 1. Nrjk; ,g;Nghh; nghUshjhu Nrjj;ijAk;>

caphpog;igAk; Vw;gLj;jpaJ. 2. rq;fk; Njhw;wk; cyf ehLfspy; mikjpia epiy ehl;l

1920Mk; Mz;L rh;tNjr rq;fk; tbtikf;fg;gl;lJ.

3. Ml;rp khw;wk; n[h;kdp> u\;ah> M];jphpah> JUf;fp kw;Wk;

gy;NtW ehLfspy; kd;duhl;rp xopf;fg;gl;L [dehaf Ml;rp kyh;e;jJ.

4. ,og;gPL njhif 1. n[h;kdpapd; gilgyk; Fiwf;fg;gl;L>

mjd;kPJ Nghh; ,og;gPL Rkj;jg;gl;lJ. 2. n[h;kdp jd;dplk; ,Ue;j rhh; epyf;fhp

Ruq;fj;ij 15 Mz;LfSf;F gpuhd;rpw;F mspj;jJ.

5. cld;gbf;iffs; ntw;wp ngw;w ehLfs; Njhy;tpAw;w ehLfs;

kPJ rhjfkw;w cld;gbf;iffis Vw;Wf;nfhs;SkhW tw;GWj;jpdh;.

6. Rje;jpu ehLfs; ypJNtdpah> yhl;tpah kw;Wk; v];jhdpah

ehLfs; Rje;jpuk; ngw;wJ. 7. FbauRfs; Njhw;wk; nrf;Nfh];Nyhthfpah kw;Wk; Nghye;J

ehLfspy; FbauRfs; Njhd;wpd.

3. rh;tNjr rq;fj;jpd; rhjidfis tpsf;Ff.

(AP-13, JU-14, SE-14) 1. vy;iyg; gpur;rpidf;F jPh;T

1. gpd;yhe;J - RtPld; 2. Nghye;J - n[h;kdp 3. fpuP]; - ,j;jhyp 4. fpuP]; - gy;Nfupah Mfpatw;Wf;F ,ilNa Vw;gl;l vy;iy

gpur;rpidfis jPh;j;J itj;jJ 2. cWg;G ehLfs; Nrh;f;if

1. 1926-y; n[h;kdpAk; 2. 1934-y; Nrhtpaj; u\;ahTk; rh;tNjr

rq;fj;jpy; ,iza eltbf;if Nkw;nfhz;lJ.

3. kUj;Jt cjtp 1. cyf ehLfspy; gutpa gy;NtW

Neha;fisj; jPh;f;f gpw mikg;Gfspd; %yk; ghLgl;lJ.

2. mfjpfs; kw;Wk; njhO Nehahspfs; kW tho;tpw;fhf NgUjtp Ghpe;jJ.

4. fy;tpg; gzp cyf ehLfspd; fy;tpj; juj;ij cah;j;j ghLgl;lJ.

5. rh;tNjr ePjpkd;wk; rh;tNjr ePjpkd;wk; 30 tof;FfSf;F jPh;Tk;> MNyhridfisAk; toq;fpAs;sJ.



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4. rh;tNjr rq;fj;jpd; Njhy;tpf;fhd fhuzq;fis tptup. 1. tYthd mbj;jsk; ,y;iy

rh;tNjr rq;fj;ij cUthf;fpa mnkhpf;fh cWg;gpduhf Nruhjjhy; ,jw;F tYthd mbj;jsk; ,y;yhky; NghdJ.

2. rq;fj;jpypUe;J ntspNaWk; chpik rq;fj;jpd; KbTfSf;F cld;glhj ehLfs;> rq;fj;jpypUe;J ntspNaWk; chpikahy; gy ehLfs; rq;fj;jpy; ntspNawpaJ nray; ,of;fr; nra;jJ.

3. [g;ghd; ntspNaw;wk; 1931-Mk; Mz;L [g;ghd; kQ;#hpahit ifg;gw;wpajhy; rh;tNjr rq;fj;jpd; vjph;g;gpdhy; [g;ghd; rq;fj;jpy; ,Ue;J ntspNawpaJ rq;fj;ij nray; ,of;fr; nra;jJ.

4. epue;ju gil ,y;iy jdf;nfd xU epue;ju gil ,y;yhj fhuzj;jhy;> rq;fk; jdJ KbTfis nray;gLj;j Kbatpy;iy.

5. rh;thjpfhuk; Njhw;wk; n[h;kdp kw;Wk; ,j;jhypapy; rh;thjpfhu Ml;rp Njhd;wpajhy; mit rh;tNjr rq;fj;jpy; ,Ue;J ntspNawpaJ.

3. ,U cyfg;Nghh;fSf;fpilNa cyfepiy (fp.gp.1919-fp.gp.1939) - nghUshjhu ngUke;jk;

1. gpuhq;fspd;.b.&];nty;l; mwptpj;j epthuzk;> Gduikg;G kw;Wk; rPh;jpUj;jq;fs; gw;wp tphpthd tpilasp. (AP-12,15 JU-15) 1. Gjpa nfhs;if

1. vg;.b. &];nty;l; Gjpa gaDhpik nfhs;ifia nfhz;L te;jhh;.

2. ,J cjtp> kPl;G> rPh;jpUj;jk; vd;w %d;W mk;rq;fisf; nfhz;L ,Ue;jJ.

2. nld;drp gs;sj;jhf;F jpl;lk; 1. njhopw; ngUf;fk; 2. tptrhak;

Cf;Ftpj;jy 3. kz;tsk; 4. td tsk; ghJfhj;jy; 5. kpd; cw;gj;jp nra;jy; 6. fg;gy; Nghf;Ftuj;J 7. nts;sj;jLg;G 8. mizfs; fl;Ljy;

3. $l;lhl;rp mtru epthuz eph;thfk; khepy> cs;shl;rpfSf;F 500 kpy;ypad;

lhyh;fs; epjpahf toq;fg;gl;lJ. 4. $l;lhl;rp uprh;t; tq;fp tq;fp epWtdq;fSf;Fk;>

njhopw;rhiyfSf;Fk; fld; toq;fpaJ. 5. ghJfhg;G ghpth;j;jidr;rl;lk; gq;Fr; re;;ijapy; <LgLk; epWtdq;fSf;F

chpkk; toq;fg;gl;lJ. 6. Njrpa njhopy; kPl;Gr;rl;lk;

1. njhopyhsh;fspd; rk;gs cah;T 2. gzpNeuf; Fiwg;G Nghd;w rPh;jpUj;jq;fs;

nfhz;L tug;gl;ld.

7. Ntshz;ik nghUl;fs; rPuikg;Gr; rl;lk; 1. tptrhapfSf;F khdpak; toq;fg;gl;lJ. 2. tptrhapfs; cw;gj;jp nra;Ak;

jhdpaj;jpd; msitf; Fiwj;J tpiy cah;Tf;F top tFj;jJ.


1. KNrhypdpapd; jiyikapy; ghrprk; gilj;j rhjidfs; ahit? (SE-13) 1. epiyahd muR ,j;jhypapy; mikjp kw;Wk; rl;lk;-xOq;if

epiyehl;b epiyahd muir epWtpdhh; 2. njhopyhsh; eyd; njhopy; Jiwapy; xOq;ifAk;

fl;Lg;ghl;ilAk; Vw;gLj;jp njhopyhsh;fspd; eyDf;F Kf;fpaj;Jtk; mspj;jhh;.

3. ePh;ghrd trjp ePh;ghrd trjpia Nkk;gLj;jp> jupR

epyq;fis tpisr;ry; epyq;fshf khw;wp> ePh; kpd;rf;jp cw;gj;jpia ngUf;fpdhh;.

4. Nghf;Ftuj;J Kd;Ndw;wk; Nghf;Ftuj;J JiwapYk; ,uapy;Nt JiwapYk; Kd;Ndw;wk; Vw;gl;lJ.

5. Ra rhh;ghd ehL ,j;jhyp jdJ Ra Njitfis g+h;j;jp nra;Ak; ehlhf Kd;Ndw;wk; fz;lJ.

6. Nghg;Gld; el;GwT 1929 Nyl;lud; cld;gbf;ifapd; %yk; Nghg;Gld; Vw;gl;l 60 Mz;L fhy Nghuhl;lj;jpw;F Kw;Wg; Gs;sp itj;jhh;.

2. KNrhypdpapd; jPtpu ntspAwTf; nfhs;if gw;wp xU gj;jp vOJf. 1. KNrhypdpapd; Kof;fk;

KNrhypdp jPtpukhd kw;Wk; Kw;Nghf;F may;ehl;Lf;nfhs;ifia gpd;gw;wpdhu;. „,j;jhyp Nguurhf khw;wg;glNtz;Lk; my;yJ mopf;fg;glNtz;Lk;‟ vd;gNj mtuJ Kof;fk;.

2. rh;tNjr rq;fj;jpy; ,Ue;J tpyfy; KNrhypdp vj;jpNahg;gpahitf; ifg;gw;wp 1937y; rh;tNjr rq;fj;jpy; ,Ue;J ntspNawpdhh;.

3. ehLfis ifg;gw;Wjy; 1939y; my;Ngdpahitf; ifg;gw;wp `pl;yUld; nghJthd nfhs;ifia Vw;Wf; nfhz;lhh;.

4. mr;R cld;gbf;if ,uz;lhk; cyfg; Nghu; Vw;glf; fhuzkhf ,Ue;j Nuhk;-ngh;ypd;-Nlhf;fpNah cld;gbf;ifapy; ,ize;jhh;.

5. ,uz;lhk; cyfg; Nghupy; mopT ,uz;lhk; cyfg; Nghhpy; Mg;gpupf;f FbNaw;w ehLfis ,oe;J Nghupy; Njhy;tpAw;W ,j;jhypa Fbkfdhy; Rl;Lf;nfhy;yg;gl;lhh;.



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1. n[h;kdpapy; `pl;yh; ehrpr Ml;rpia Vw;gLj;jpaJ Fwpj;J xU gj;jp vOJf. 1. Njh;jypy; ntw;wp

1932y; ele;j Njh;jypy; `pl;yupd; ehrprf; fl;rp Njh;jypy; ntw;wp ngw;W ,uz;lhtJ nghpa fl;rpahf tpsq;fpaJ.

2. rhd;ryuhjy; 1933Mk; Mz;L `pl;yh; n[h;kdpapd; rhd;ryuhdhh;. `pz;ld;gh;f; FbauRj; jiytuhjy;.

3. FbauR jiytuhjy; 1934y; `pz;ld;gh;f; fhykhdjhy; `pl;yh; FbauR jiytuhdhh;.

4. mjpguhjy; Fbauirf; fiyj;J jd;id n[h;kdpapd; mjpguhf `pl;yh; mwptpj;Jf; nfhz;lhh;.

5. nfhs;if cUthf;fy; xNu kf;fs;> xNu ehL> xNu jiyth; vd;w nfhs;ifia mwptpj;jhh;.

2. `pl;yupd; jPtpu Mf;fpukpg;Gf; nfhs;ifia gw;wp tpsf;F. 1. FbNaw;w ngUf;fk;

`pl;yh; n[h;kdpapd; tsq;fis ngUf;Ftjw;Fk;> ngUfptUk; kf;fs; njhifia rkhspg;gjw;Fk; gpw ehLfis ifg;gw;w Kide;jhh;.

2. ehLfis ifg;gw;Wjy; 1936y; iud;yhe;ij ifg;gw;wp nyhfh;Ndh xg;ge;jj;ij kPwpdhh;. 1938y; M];jpupahit n[h;kdpAld; ,izj;jhh;.

3. mr;R cld;gbf;if 1937y; ,j;jhyp kw;Wk; [g;ghDld; Nrh;e;J Nuhk;-ngh;ypd;-Nlhf;fpNah cld;gbf;ifia Vw;gLj;jpdhh;.

4. kpA+dpr; cld;gbf;if kPwy; 1939y; kpA+dpr; cld;gbf;ifia kPwp nrf;Nfh];Nyhthf;fpah KOtijAk; ,izj;Jf; nfhz;lhh;.

5. ,uz;lhk; cyfg; Nghh; Jtf;fk; 1939y; Nghye;J topahf ,uhZt rhiyia mikf;Fk; chpikia ngw kpd;dy; Ntf jhf;Fjiy Vw;gLj;jp ifg;gw;wpajhy; ,uz;lhk; cyfg; Nghh; Jtq;fpaJ.


1. ,uz;lhk; cyfg;Nghh; Vw;gl fhuzq;fspy; VNjDk; Ie;jpidf; Fwpg;gpLf. (AP-14)

1. nth;nrapy;]; cld;gbf;ifapd; FiwghLfs; 1. n[h;kdpapd; FbNaw;wq;fs; gwpf;fg;gl;ld. 2. ,uhZt gyk; Fiwf;fg;gl;lJ 3. n[h;kdpapd; gopthq;Fk; vz;zk;.

2. [g;ghdpd; vOr;rp 1. Kjy; cyfg; NghUf;F gpd; [g;ghd;

typik tha;e;j ehlhf cUthfpaJ.

2. njhopy; kw;Wk; nghUshjhu tsh;r;rp Vw;gl;L Vfhjpgj;jpaj;ij gpd;gw;wpaJ.

3. rh;thjpfhu vOr;rp `pl;yh;> KNrhypdpapd; Nghh; kw;Wk;

ifg;gw;WjNy ,uz;lhk; cyfg;NghUf;F toptFj;jd.

4. mr;R ehLfspd; $l;L ,j;jhyp> n[h;kdp> [g;ghd; Mfpa ehLfs;

Nrh;e;J Nuhk;-ngh;ypd;-Nlhf;fpNah $l;lzpia cUthf;fpd.

5. cldbf;fhuzk; `pl;yh; Nghye;J topahf ,uhZt rhiy

mikf;f chpik Nfhhpdhh;. ,ij Nghye;J kWj;jJ. Nghye;ij ifg;gw;w ,uz;lhk; cyfg; Nghh; Jtq;fpaJ.

6. rh;tNjr rq;fj;jpd; Njhy;tp Kjy; cyfg; NghUf;Fg; gpd; Vw;gl;l

rh;tNjr rq;fj;jplk; mjpfhuKk;> gil gyKk; ,y;yhjjhy; Nghiu jLf;f Kbatpy;iy.

2. u\;aj; jhf;Fjy; kw;Wk; gphpl;ld;; Nghh; gw;wp xU gj;jp vOJf.

1. gphpl;ld; NghHf;fsk; - 1940 1. `pl;yh; gphpl;lDf;F vjpuhf Y}/g;l;Nthg; vd;w thd;top jhf;Fjiy elj;jpdhh;.

2. U tbt ePh;%o;fpf; fg;gy; %yk; ,q;fpyhe;J fg;gy;fs; gytw;iw Njhw;fbj;jhh;.

3. 1940Mk; Mz;L ,q;fpyhe;J jiyefh; ,yz;ld; kPJ thd;top jhf;Fjy; %yk; Fz;L tPrg;gl;lJ.

4. Kjypy; ,q;fpyhe;J rpW rpW Njhy;tpfis re;jpj;jhYk; gpd;dh; ,q;fpyhe;Jk; n[h;kdp kPJ thd;top jhf;Fjiy elj;jpaJ.

2. u\;aj; jhf;Fjy; - 1941 1. ,u\;ahTld; Vw;gLj;jpf;nfhz;l Nghh; njhLf;fhj xg;ge;jj;ij kPwp `pl;yh; ,u\;ah kPJ Nghh; njhLj;jhh;.

2. u\;ahtpy; fLk; Fsph; fhyk; njhlq;fpajhy; n[h;khdpag; gilfs; kh];Nfhtpy; jq;fptpl;ld.

3. ,uz;lhk; cyfg; Nghhpy; ,u\;ahtpw;Fk; n[h;kdpf;Fk; ,ilNa eilngw;w Nghupy; ,u\;ah;fs; gpd;gw;wpaf; nfhs;if mopj;J gpd;thq;Fk; nfhs;if MFk;.

4. ,f;nfhs;if %yk; gaph;fs;> ghyq;fs;> ,Ug;Gg; ghijfs; Nghd;wtw;iw vjphpfs; ifg;gw;whky; ,Uf;f jhq;fNs jPapl;L mopj;Jf; nfhz;L Kd;Ndwpdh;.

5. ,u\;a jiyefh; kh];Nfhit ifg;gw;wpa n[h;khdpa gilfSf;F vJTk; fpilf;fhjjhy; n[h;kdpf;F Njhy;tp Kfk; Vw;gl;L 1944y; ehL jpUk;gpaJ.



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3. ,uz;lhk; cyfg; Nghhpd; tpisTfs; ahit?

(SE-13 JU-15)

1. caphpog;G Rkhh; 50 kpy;ypad; kf;fs; caphpoe;jdh;. 2. nghUs; Nrjk; Vuhskhd nghUshjhu mopit

Vw;gLj;jpaJ. 3. n[h;kdpapy; Ml;rp khw;wk; n[h;kdp ,uz;lhfg; gphpf;fg;gl;L> fpof;F

n[h;kdp u\;ahthYk;> Nkw;F n[h;kdp gphpl;ld;> gpuhd;];> mnkhpf;fh Nghd;w ehLfshYk; fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ.

4. rh;thjpfhu Ml;rp KbT ,j;jhypapYk;> n[h;kdpapYk; rh;thjpfhu

Ml;rp KbTf;F nfhz;Ltug;gl;lJ. 5. [g;ghdpy; khw;wk; mnkhpf;fh [g;ghid ifg;gw;wpaJ. 6. gdpg;Nghh; mnkhpf;fhTk; u\;ahTk; ty;yuRfshf khwp

gdpg;Nghh; Jtq;fpaJ. 7. cyf mikjpf;F tpj;J 1945k; Mz;L cyf mikjpf;fhf I.eh.rig

Njhw;Wtpf;fg;gl;lJ. 8. tpLjiy ehLfs;

1. ,e;jpah> ,yq;if> gh;kh> vfpg;J> kNyrpah Mfpa ehLfs; gphpl;ldplkpUe;Jk;

2. gpypg;igd;]; mnkhpf;fhtplkpUe;Jk; 3. ,e;Njh-rPdh gpuhd;rplkpUe;Jk; 4. ,e;NjhNd\pah lr;Rf;fhuh;fsplkpUe;Jk;

tpLjiy ngw;wd. 9. nfhs;if iftply; INuhg;gpa ehLfs; FbNaw;wf; nfhs;if

kw;Wk; Vfhjpgj;jpaj;ij iftpl;ld.


1. I.eh.tpd; mq;fq;fspd; gzpfs; gw;wp tptup. 1. nghJ rig

I.eh-tpd; epue;ju mikg;ghd nghJr; rigapy; midj;J ehLfSk; cWg;gpdh;fshf cs;sd.

2. ghJfhg;G kd;wk; 1. I.eh-tpd; Kf;fpa cWg;ghf jpfOk;

ghJfhg;G kd;wk; cyfpy; mikjpiaAk;> ghJfhg;igAk; epiyehl;LfpwJ.

2. ,k;kd;wj;jpd; Ie;J epue;ju cWg;G ehLfs; 1. mnkhpf;fh 2. ,q;fpyhe;J 3. gpuhd;R 4. u\;ah 5. rPdh

3. gj;J jw;fhypf cWg;gpdh;fs; nghJr; rigapy; ,uz;L Mz;LfSf;F xU Kiw Njh;e;njLf;fg;gLfpd;wdh;.

4. epue;ju cWg;gpdh;fSf;F uj;J nra;Ak; mjpfhukhd vjph;thf;F chpik (tPl;Nlh) cs;sJ.

3. nghUshjhu kw;Wk; r%f kd;wk; nghUshjhu kw;Wk; r%f kd;wk; I.eh.tpd; rpwg;G epWtdq;fs; %yk; nray;ghLfis xUq;fpizf;fpwJ. 1. WHO 2. UNESCO 3. UNICEF 4. ILO 5. FAO 6. IBRD 7. IMF

4. jh;kfh;j;jh mit I.eh. mikg;gpd; fPOs;s rpy ehLfis jh;kfh;j;jh mit fz;fhzpf;fpwJ.

5. gd;dhl;L ePjpkd;wk; 1. jp N`f; efiu jiyikaplkhf nfhz;L

gd;dhl;L ePjpkd;wk; cWg;G ehLfSf;F MNyhrid toq;fp tUfpwJ.

2. cWg;G ehLfspd; tof;if tprhhpj;J jPh;g;G toq;FfpwJ.

6. nrayfk; 1. I.eh-tpd; eph;thf gzpfis jiyik

nrayfk; epiwNtw;WfpwJ. 2. I.eh-tpd; nfhs;iffis

eilKiwg;gLj;jp> mitfis nray;gl itf;fpwJ.

3. ,jd; jiyik eph;thfp nghJr;nrayhsh; vdg;gLfpwhh;.

2. I.eh.tpd; Kf;fpakhd rhjidfs; ahit?

(AP-12, SE-12, AP-16) 1. gd;dhl;L gpur;rid gy;NtW gd;dhl;L gpur;ridfSf;F

mikjpahd Kiwapy; Ngr;R thh;j;ij elj;jp jPh;T fz;Ls;sJ.

2. Nghh; KbTf;F tUjy; 1. ,];Nuy; - ghy];jPd Nghu; 2. <uhd; - <uhf; Nghu; Mfpatw;iw KbTf;F

nfhz;Lte;jJ. 3. mZ Nrhjid jil rl;lk;

1. 1963 Mk; Mz;L – mZNrhjid jil rl;lj;ij epiwNtw;wpaJ.

2. 1996 Mk; Mz;L - njhlh; mZNrhjid jil rl;;lj;ij epiwNtw;wpaJ.

4. Rw;Wr; #oy; khehL 1992 Mk; Mz;L hpNah-b-n[dpNuhtpy; -

Rw;Wr;#oy; khehl;bd; “mwpf;if 21” -I midj;J ehLfSk; Vw;wd.

5. mikjpg; gil I.eh. jdJ mikjpg;gilia vfpg;Jf;F

mDg;gp> #a]; fhy;tha; gpur;ridia KbTf;F nfhz;L te;jJ.

6. ngz;fs; eyd; I.ehtpd; ngz;fs; Nkk;ghl;L epjp>

ngz;fspd; Kd;Ndw;wj;jpw;fhf gapw;rp epWtdq;fis Vw;gLj;jp 100 ehLfspy; ngz;fspd; tho;f;if juj;jpid cah;j;Jtjw;fhf ghLgLfpwJ.

7. rpf;fiy jPh;j;jy; 1. nfhhpag; Nghiu KbTf;F nfhz;L te;jJ 2. Mg;fhd;-u\;ag; gpur;rpidia jPh;j;jJ 3. tpal;ehk; Nghiu KbTf;F nfhz;L te;jJ

I.ehtpd; Kf;fpa rhjidfshFk;.



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1. INuhg;gpa xd;wpaj;jpd; rhjidfs; Fwpj;J tphpthd tpil jUf.

1. xw;iwr; re;ij 1. INuhg;gpa xd;wpa ehLfSf;Fs; xw;iw

re;ij Kiwia mky;gLj;jpAs;sJ. 2. cWg;G ehLfspilNa nghJthd tzpff;

nfhs;if> tptrhaf; nfhs;if> kPd; tsh;g;G> Nritfs; kw;Wk; KjyPLfs; tsh;r;rp nfhs;ifia Ngzp tUfpwJ.

2. nghJthd ntspAwT kw;Wk; ghJfhg;G nfhs;if 1. INuhg;gpa xd;wpak; gpw ehLfSld;

cld;gbf;iffis Vw;gLj;JfpwJ. 2. cyf tzpf mikg;G> [p-8> [p-20

Nghd;w mikg;GfSld; cwit epiyehl;bAs;sJ.

3. xw;iw ehza Kiw 1. rdthp 1> 2002-y; eilKiwf;F te;j

INuhg;gpa xd;wpaj;jpd; xw;iw ehza Kiw „A+Nuh‟ vd;wiof;fg;gLfpwJ. ,jd; FwpaPL € MFk;.

2. “tzpf ghpth;j;jidf;fhd jilfis fisfpwJ. jilaw;w tzpfj;ij Nkd;ikAwr; nra;fpwJ.”

4. INuhg;gpa xd;wpa tphpthf;fk; 1. MW ehLfSld; Njhd;wpa INuhg;gpa

xd;wpak; ,d;W 28 cWg;G ehLfisf; nfhz;Ls;sJ.

2. ,e;ehLfs; INuhg;gpa xd;wpaj;jpd; mq;fq;fSf;F jq;fspd; cWg;gpdh;fis mDg;gp tUfpd;wd.

5. mwptpay; Muha;r;rp 1. INuhg;gpa xd;wpak;> mwptpay;

Muha;r;rpf;F xj;Jiog;G nfhLf;fpwJ. 2. INuhg;gpa Muha;r;rp Mizak;>

INuhg;gpa xd;wpak; kw;Wk; gpw ehLfSf;Fk; mwptpay; Muha;r;rp jpl;lq;fSf;F epjpAjtp mspj;J tUfpwJ.

6. I.eh.tpy; INuhg;gpa xd;wpaj;jpd; gq;F 1. I.eh. rigf;F nghUshjhu uPjpahf

cjtp nra;fpwJ. 2. mikjpf;F ghLgLjy;> kdpjhgpkhd

cjtpfs;> cyf Rfhjhuk;> fyhr;rhu rPh;jpUj;jq;fs; Nghd;w jpl;lq;fspy; I.eh. rigf;F INuhg;gpa xd;wpak; rpwe;j Kiwapy; gzpahw;wp tUfpwJ.

7. me;epa nrythzpapy; gq;fspg;G 1. 2006y; INuhg;gpa xd;wpaj;jpd; gl;n[l;

kjpg;G 671 kpy;ypad; „A+Nuh‟ MFk;. 2. ,jpy; 48 rjtPjk; Mg;gpupf;f> fuPgpa

kw;Wk; grpgpf; ehLfSf;F toq;fg;gl;Ls;sd.


1. 1857Mk; Mz;L ngUk; Gul;rpf;fhd eph;thf kw;Wk; ,uhZtf; fhuzq;fis tpthp (AP-13) 1. eph;thf fhuzq;fs;

1. ghurPf nkhopf;Fg;gjpyhf Mq;fpy nkhopia GFj;jpaJ.

2. mjpfkhd epythp t#ypf;fg;gl;lJ. 3. ,e;jpah;fSf;F murpaypYk;>

,uhZtj;jpYk; cah;gjtp kWf;fg;gl;ld. 4. ,e;jpa ,isQh;fSf;F Mq;fpy

eph;thfj;jpy; Ntiy fpilf;fhjJ Vkhw;wj;ij Vw;gLj;jpaJ.

5. Mq;fpNyau;fspd; ePjp toq;Fk; Kiw mjpf nryTilajhfTk; ,ae;jpuj; jd;ik cilajhfTk; fhytpuak; nfhz;ljhfTk; ,Ue;jJ.

2. ,uhZtf; fhuzq;fs; 1. ,e;jpa rpg;gha;fSf;F Fiwe;j Cjpak;

nfhLf;fg;gl;lJ. 2. rpg;gha;fSf;F gjtp cah;T

mspf;fg;gltpy;iy. 3. nghJ ,uhZt gzpahsh; rl;lj;jpd; gb

,e;jpah;fs; fly;fle;J gzp Ghpa Ntz;b ,Ue;jJ.

4. Nghh; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; tha;e;j nly;yp> myfhghj; Nghd;w ,lq;fs; ,e;jpa gil tPuh;fspd; fl;Lg;ghl;by; ,Ue;jJ Gul;rp nra;a J}z;LNfhyha; mike;jJ.

2. 1857Mk; Mz;L ngUk; Gul;rp Njhy;tp mile;jjw;fhd fhuzq;fis tpthp. (AP-

15,JU-12, 13, 14,) 1. xw;Wikapy;iy Gul;rpahsh;fSf;fpilNa xw;Wikapd;ik

fhzg;gl;lJ. 2. ehL KOtJk; guttpy;iy

1. Gul;rp ehL KOtJk; guttpy;iy. 2. Gul;rp tl ,e;jpahtpy; kl;LNk Gul;rp

ikak; nfhz;bUe;jJ. 3. njd;dpe;jpah> gQ;rhg;> rpe;J kw;Wk;

,uh[];jhd; ,g;Gul;rpapy; gq;Nfw;ftpy;iy. 3. MjuT ,d;ik

1. Gul;rpia Mjupf;fhj ,e;jpa murh;fs; eLepiy tfpj;jdh;.

2. nghJthf gbj;j ,e;jpah;fs; Gul;rpia Mjhpf;ftpy;iy.

3. ,e;jpahtpd; gy;NtW kd;du;fSk;> nry;tk; kpf;f [kPd;jhu;fSk; ,g;Gul;rpapy; gq;F nfhs;stpy;iy.

4. etPd MAjq;fs; ,y;iy 1. Gul;rpahsh;fs; etPd Nghh;f;fUtpfisf;

nfhz;bUf;ftpy;iy. 2. Mq;fpNya uhZtj;jpd; etPd

MAjq;fSf;F vjpuhf Nghhpl;L ntw;wp ngw Kbatpy;iy.



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5. rpwe;j gilj;jiyikapd;ik 1. ,e;jpa jiyth;fshd ehdh rhfpg;>

jhe;jpahNjhg;> uhzp yl;Rkpgha; Nghd;Nwhiuj; jtpu ,g;Gul;rpia topelj;j rpwe;j gilj;jsgjpapy;iy.

2. ,e;jpa jiytu;fs; tPuj;jpYk; jpahfj;jpYk; rpwe;jtu;fs; vdpDk;> gilfis jiyikNaw;W elj;jpr; nry;tjpYk; tPuu;fisf; fl;Lg;ghl;by; itj;J ,Ug;gjpYk; jtwptpl;ldu;.

6. xUkpj;j fUj;jpy;iy 1. Gul;rpahsh;fspilNa xUkpj;j

Fwpf;Nfhs; ,y;iy. 2. ,e;Jf;fs; kuhj;jpa nry;thf;if kPz;Lk;

epWt Kaw;rpj;jdu;. 3. ,];yhkpau;fs; Kfyha muir kPz;Lk;

Vw;gLj;j Ntz;Lk; vd;W vz;zpdhu;fs;.

7. gphpj;jhSk; nfhs;if Mq;fpNyah;fspd; gphpj;jhSk; nfhs;ifahy;

,e;jpa murh;fis xd;W Nru tplhky; jil nra;jd.

8. jfty; njhlu;gpd;ik je;jp kw;Wk; jghy; Jiw Mq;fpNyau;

fl;Lg;ghl;by; ,Ue;jjhy; jq;fsJ gilg; gpupTfis ntF tpiutpy; Gul;rp ele;j ,lq;fSf;F mDg;gTk; NgUjtp Gupe;jJ.

9. Kd;Ndw;ghLfs; Njhy;tp 1857> Nk 31 Mk; ehs; jpl;lkplg;gl;bUe;j

Gul;rp jpl;lkplg;gl;l ehl;fSf;F Kd;djhfNt njhlq;fptpl;lJ. vdNt Gul;rpf;F Njitahd Kd;Ndw;ghLfs; KOikailahky; Njhy;tpf;F toptFj;jd.

3. 1857Mk; Mz;L ngUk;Gul;rpapd; tpisTfs; ahit? (SE-14)

1. fk;ngdp Ml;rp KbT Mq;fpy fpof;fpe;jpa fk;ngdp Ml;rp

KbTf;F te;jJ. 2. Neub Ml;rp ,e;jpah> Mq;fpy murpd; Neub Ml;rpapd;

fPo; te;jJ. 3. FO fiyg;G

1. ,af;Feh; FOTk;> fl;Lg;ghl;L FOTk; fiyf;fg;gl;lJ.

2. 15 cWg;gpdh;fisf; nfhz;l ,e;jpaf; FOTk; mikf;fg;gl;lJ

4. nrayh; epakdk; 1. ,e;jpa muR nrayh; xUth;

epakpf;fg;gl;lhh;. 2. ,e;jpa jiyik MSeh; ,e;jpahtpd;

itrpuha; vd;W miof;fg;gl;lhh;. 5. jj;J chpik

1. ,e;jpa kd;dh;fSf;F jj;J vLf;Fk; chpik toq;fg;gl;lJ.

2. ly;n`srpapd; ehL ,izf;Fk; nfhs;if jpUk;g ngwg;gl;lJ.

6. ,uhZtk; khw;wpaikg;G 1. ,e;jpa ,uhZtk; Kw;wpYk;

khw;wpaikf;fg;gl;lJ. 2. Mq;fpNyah;fspd; vz;zpf;if

mjpfhpf;fg;gl;lJ. 3. gPuq;fpg;gil Mq;fpNyahpd;

fl;Lg;ghl;bw;Fs; te;jJ. 7. rka Rje;jpuk;

1. ,e;jpah;fSf;F rka Rje;jpuk; toq;fg;gl;lJ.

2. kj khw;wk; fl;lhag;gLj;jg;gltpy;iy. 8. tpLjiyf;F tpij ,e;jpah Rje;jpuk; ngw ,g;Gul;rpapy; tpij

tpijf;fg;gl;lJ.


1. gpuk;k rkh[j;ij gw;wp tphpthf vOJf. 1. Njhw;wk;

,uh[huhk; Nkhfd;uha; 1815y; Muk;gpj;j Mj;kPa rig 1828y; gpuk;k rkh[khf khwpaJ.

2. nfhs;iffs; xNu flTs; mbg;gilapy; nghJ rkaj;jpy; ek;gpf;if nfhz;ltu;fspd; rigahf gpuk;k rkh[k; ,Ue;jJ.

3. fz;bj;jy; gyjhu kzk;> Foe;ij jpUkzk;> cUt topghL> Mlk;gu rlq;Ffs;> rkatpjpfs;> rhjp NtWghL> jPz;lhik> cld;fl;il VWjy; Nghd;wtw;iw uh[huhk; Nkhfd;uha; td;ikahf fz;bj;jhh;.

4. jil rl;lk; 1829y; tpy;ypak; ngz;bq; gpuGtpw;F rjp vd;Dk; cld;fl;il VWk; gof;fj;ij xopf;f “rjp jil rl;lj;ij nfhz;L tu cjtpdhh;. 1872-y; gyjhu kzKiw kw;Wk; Foe;ijfs; jpUkzk; Nghd;wtw;iw jil nra;Ak; rl;lj;jpw;F MjuT mspj;jJ.

5. MjuT ,tu; tpjit kWkzk;> ngz;fy;tp> ngz;fs; Kd;Ndw;wk;> fyg;G jpUkzk; Mfpatw;iw Mjhpj;jhh;. Nkiyehl;Lf; fy;tp> mwptpay; kw;Wk; fyhr;rhuj;ij ,e;jpau;fs; ngWkhW tw;GWj;jpdhu;.

6. top elj;jy; ,uh[huhk; Nkhfd;uhapd; kiwtpw;Fg; gpwF Nfrt; re;jpu nrd; kw;Wk; NjNte;jpuehj; jh$h; Nghd;Nwhh; ,r;rigia Vw;W elj;jpdu;.

2. ,uhkfpU\;z klj;jpd; nray;ghLfis tpthp. 1. epWTjy;

,uhkfpU\;zklk; 1897y; NgY}upy; Rthkp tpNtfhde;juhy; epWtg;gl;lJ.



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2. njhz;lhw;Wjy; cly; eyk;> NguopT epthuzk;> fpuhk Kd;Ndw;wk;> Mjpthrpfs; eyd;> Jtf;ff; fy;tp> cah; fy;tp kw;Wk; fyhr;rhu Kd;Ndw;wk; Nghd;wtw;wpw;fhf ngUe;njhz;lhw;wp tUfpwJ.

3. kUj;Jt gzp kUj;Jtkidfs;> mwf;fl;lis kUj;Jtkidfs;> kfg;NgW kUj;Jtkidfs;> Mjutw;Nwhh; ,y;yq;fs;> KjpNahh; ,y;yq;fs;> nrtpypau; gapw;rp gs;spfs; Nghd;wtw;iw elj;jp tUfpwJ.

4. fy;tpg; gzp ,e;jpah KOtJk; fy;tp epWtdq;fs;> gy;fiyf; fofq;fs;> fy;Y}hpfs;> njhopw;fy;tp gapw;rp ikaq;fis epWtp fy;tp tsh;r;rpf;fhf ghLgl;L tUfpwJ.

5. epthuz Kfhk; ,aw;if rPw;wq;fshd gQ;rk;> nts;sk;> epyeLf;fk;> Gay; kw;Wk; nfhba njhw;W Neha;fspypUe;J kf;fisf; fhg;ghw;w gy epthuz Kfhk;fis elj;jp rpwe;j Nritahw;wp tUfpwJ.

6. kpd; cw;gj;jp jpl;lk; Nkw;F tq;fj;jpy; cs;s Re;jutdg; gFjpapy; #hpa xspia gad;gLj;jp kpd;rhuk; cw;gj;jp nra;Ak; jpl;lk; Njhd;Wtjw;F Kf;fpa gq;F tfpj;jJ.

3. r%f kw;Wk; rka rPh;jpUj;j ,af;fq;fspy; ,uhkypq;f mbfshu; Kf;fpa gq;fhw;wpdhh;. tpthp. 1. rq;fk; epWTjy;

1865-y; rkur Rj;j rd;khh;f;f rq;fk; epWtp r%fj;jpy; epyTk; jPikfis fisa Kad;whh;.

2. rka xw;Wik rhjp r%f NtWghLfs; mh;j;jkw;wit vd;Wk; Gjpa rKjhaj;ij cUthf;f „,iwtd; N[hjp tbthdtd;‟ vd;W Fwpg;gpl;L rka xw;Wik kw;Wk; xUikg;ghl;il Vw;gLj;jpdhh;.

3. rj;jpa jUk rhiy Viofspd; tWikahy; grpia Nghf;f rj;jpa jUk rhiyia tlY}upy; epWtp rhjp-rka NtWghbd;wp midtUf;Fk; czT mspj;J tUfpwJ.

4. [Pt fhUz;ak; [Pt fhUz;ak; vd;Dk; md;G topapy; Md;kPfj;ij milayhk; vd;w Nfhl;ghl;bd; gb vy;yh capu;fsplj;jpYk; md;G nrYj;jpdhh;.

5. jpUtUl;gh md;G> gf;jp> fUiz> Md;kPfk; Nghd;w ,tuJ gf;jp ghly; njhFg;G jpUtUl;gh vd;wiof;fg;gLfpwJ.

6. rj;jpa Qhd rig 1872-y; rj;jpa Qhd rigia epWtp topghl;L $l;lq;fs; kj NtWghbd;wp eilngw toptFj;jhh;.

7. rka rlq;fpw;F vjph;g;G jpahdNk rpwe;j topghL vd;W fUjp kdpj ,dj;jpw;F nra;Ak; njhz;Nl Nkhl;rj;ij miltjw;F top vd;W $wp %lg;gof;f tof;fq;fisAk;> rka rlq;FfisAk; vjph;j;jhh;.

11.,e;jpa tpLjiy ,af;fk; - Kjy; epiy fhe;jpf;F Ke;ija rfhg;jk; (fp.gp.1885 – fp.gp.1919)

1. Njrpa ,af;fk; Njhd;Wtjw;fhd Ie;J fhuzq;fisf; $Wf. (JU-14) 1. Mq;fpy Vfhjpgj;jpak;

1. Mq;fpNyau;fs; ,e;jpah KOtijAk; jq;fs; fl;Lg;ghl;by; nfhz;Lte;jjpd; %yk; xw;Wikia epiyehl;bdu;.

2. ,e;jpa Njrpak; Vw;gl Mq;fpy Vfhjpgj;jpak; xU Kf;fpakhd fhuzk; MFk;.

3. ,jdhy; ,e;jpah xNu ehL vd;w vz;zj;ij kf;fspilNa cUthf;fpdu;.

2. INuhg;gpa ehLfSld; njhlh;G 1. n[h;kdp> ,j;jhyp If;fpakile;jijg;

NghyNt jhq;fSk; tpLjiyg; ngw Ntz;Lk; vd vz;zpdh;.

2. Nkiy ehLfspd; fUj;Jf;fs; kw;Wk; fyhr;rhuj;ij czh;e;jJk;> Mq;fpy nkhop gbj;j ,e;jpah;fis xw;Wikg;gLj;jpaJ.

3. etPd jfty; njhlh;G kw;Wk; Nghf;Ftuj;J 1. etPd jfty; njhlu;G kw;Wk;

Nghf;Ftuj;J tsu;r;rpapdhy; kf;fspd; fUj;Jf;fs; ehl;bd; %iy KLf;fpw;nfy;yhk; vLj;Jr;nry;yg;gl;lJ.

2. Njrj;jiytu;fspd; re;jpg;G kw;Wk; kf;fSldhd neUf;fkhd njhlu;G ,e;jpah KOtJk; gutp> Njrpa ,af;fk; Njhd;w top tFj;jJ.

4. ,e;jpaj; jiyth;fs; 1. r%f rka rPu;jpUj;jthjpfs; ,e;jpahtpd;

ngUikfis kf;fspilNa vLj;Jiuj;J ehl;Lg;gw;iw J}z;bdu;.

2. ,uh[huhk; Nkhfd;uha;> <];tu re;jpu tpj;ahrhfu;> Rthkp jahde;j ru];tjp> ,uhkfpU\;z guk`k;ru; kw;Wk; Rthkp jahde;j ru];tjp MfpNahu; ,e;jpah;fspilNa jd;dk;gpf;if> Gj;Jzh;it Vw;gLj;jpdu;.

3. r%f rka rPh;jpUj;jthjpfs; ,e;jpahpd; Gfopid Gj;Japh; ngwr; nra;jdh;.

5. mr;rfKk; nra;jpj;jhs;fSk; 1. gy Njr gf;j vOj;ju;fspd; vOj;Jf;fs;

,e;jpa kf;fspilNa Njrpa czu;it nghq;fpnaor; nra;jd.



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2. gj;jpupf;iffs; nghJ kf;fspd; fUj;Jf;fis gpujpgypj;jJld;> kf;fspilNa Njrpa tpopg;Gzh;it Vw;gLj;jpd.

3. tl;lhu nkhop gj;jphpf;if kf;fspd; fUj;Jf;fis gpujpgypj;jJld; kf;fspilNa Njrpa tpopg;Gzh;it Vw;gLj;jpd.

2. tq;fg; gphptpid gw;wp tpthp. 1. fh;rd; gpuG

1905 Mk; Mz;L ,e;jpa murg; gpujpepjp fh;rd; gpuG tq;fhs gphptpidia Nkw;nfhz;lhh;.

2. eph;thf trjp Ml;rpapd; vspik> eph;thf trjpf;fhf fpof;F tq;fhsk; kw;Wk; Nkw;F tq;fhsk; vd tq;fhsj;ij ,U gphpthf;fpdhh;.

3. gpupf;Fk; #o;r;rp ,r;nray; ,e;Jf;fisAk;> K];yPk;fisAk; gphpf;Fk; #o;r;rp vd fUjg;gl;lJ.

4. tq;fhs ,izT jPtpu td;KiwahYk;> vjph;g;gpdhYk; 1911-y; tq;fhsk; kPz;Lk; xd;whf ,izf;fg;gl;lJ.

5. Njrpa ,af;fk; nghUshjhu Gwf;fzpg;G vd;Dk; RNjrp ,af;fk; Njhd;w fhuzkhf mike;j tq;fg; gphptpid Njrpa ,af;fk; Njhd;wTk; fhuzkhapw;W


1. 1920-22 Mk; Mz;L xj;Jioahik ,af;fj;jpd; gbepiyfis tpsf;Ff. xj;Jioahik ,af;fk; iftplg;gl;lJ Vd;?

(AP-12,14, SE-14) xj;Jioahik ,af;fj;jpd; gbepiyfs; fhe;jpabfshy; njhlq;fg;gl;l xj;Jioahik ,af;fk; 3 gbepiyfis nfhz;lJ. 1) Kjy; epiy 2) ,uz;lhk; epiy 3) %d;whk; epiy 1. Kjy; epiy Mq;fpy murplkpUe;J ngw;w gjtpfisAk;>

gl;lq;fisAk; tpUJfisAk; ,e;jpah;fs; Jwe;jdh;. jh$h; iel;Tl; gl;lj;ij Jwe;jhh;.

2. ,uz;lhk; epiy Ntiy epWj;jk;> muR mYtyfq;fs;>

gs;spfs;> fy;Yhhpfs;> rl;lkd;w eltbf;iffs; midj;Jk; Gwf;fzpf;fg;gl;ld.

3. %d;whk; epiy thpnfhlh ,af;fk; njhlq;fg;gl;lJ. muR

jq;fsJ Njitia G+h;j;jp nra;Ak; tiu kf;fs; muRf;F thp nrYj;jf; $lhJ vd;w jPh;khdk; 1921 Mz;L fhq;fpu]; $l;lj;jpy; jPh;khdpf;fg;gl;lJ.

4. iftply; 1922 Mk; Mz;L cj;jpu gpuNjrj;jpy; nrshp nrsuh rk;gtj;jhy; 22 fhtyh;fs; caph; ,oe;jdH. mjd; gpd;dH fhe;jp ifJ nra;ag;gl;ljhy; xj;Jioahik ,af;fk; cldbahf iftplg;gl;lJ.

2. cg;G rj;jpahfpufk; -Fwpg;G tiuf. (SE-12,15) 1. rl;l kWg;G ,af;fk;

Mq;fpy muR gpwg;gpj;j cg;G kPjhd thpia vjph;j;J fhe;jp 1930-k; Mz;L rl;l kWg;G ,af;fj;ij njhlq;fpdhh;

2. jz;b ahj;jpiu rNuh[pdp ehAL cl;gl 78 njhz;lh;fSld; fhe;jp rgh;kjp Mrpukj;jpypUe;J jz;b tiu 400 fp.kP. jz;b ahj;jpiu Nkw;nfhz;lhh;. top neLfpYk; Mapuf;fzf;fhd kf;fs; fhe;jpabfSld; Nrh;e;J ghj ahj;jpiu Nkw;nfhz;ldu;.

3. cg;G rj;jpahfpufk; jilia kPwp flypypUe;J cg;G vLj;J Nghuhbajhy; ,J cg;G rj;jpahfpufk; vd;W miof;fg;gLfpwJ.

4. fhe;jp ifJ jz;bapy; fly; ePupypUe;J cg;G fha;r;rp cg;G rl;lq;fis kPwpajhy; fhe;jpabfs; ifJ nra;ag;gl;L rpiwapy; milf;fg;gl;lhh;.

5. jkpo; ehl;by; cg;G fha;r;Rjy; jkpo;ehl;by; uh[h[p jiyikapy; Ntjhuz;aj;jpy; cg;G fha;r;rpdh;.

3. %d;W tl;lNkirkhehLfspd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij tpsf;Ff. (JU-15) ,e;jpa murpay; gpur;ridfSf;Fj; jPh;T fhZk; Kaw;rpapy; tl;lNkir khehLfs; ,yz;ldpy; eilngw;wJ. 1. Kjy; tl;lNkir khehL - 1930 fhq;fpu]; fl;rp ,k;khehl;by; fye;J

nfhs;stpy;iy. ,jdhy; ,k;khehL Njhy;tpapy; Kbe;jJ. 2. ,uz;lhk; tl;lNkir khehL - 1931 fhe;jp ,h;tpd; xg;ge;jj;jpd;gb fhe;jpabfs;

,k;khehl;by; fye;J nfhz;lhh;. KO Rje;jpuk;> tFg;G gpur;rpidfSf;F jPh;T vl;lg;gltpy;iy.

vdNt ,k;khehL Njhy;tpAw;wJ. 3. %d;whk; tl;lNkir khehL - 1932 fhq;fpu]; jiyth;fs; ,k;khehl;by; gq;F

ngwtpy;iy. vdNt ,k;khehL Njhy;tpapy; Kbe;jJ.

4. nts;isaNd ntspNaW ,af;fk; - Fwpg;G tiuf. (AP-15) 1. fphpg;]; JhJf;FOtpd; Njhy;tp

fhe;jpabfspd; Nghf;fpy; khw;wq;fisf; nfhz;L te;jJ. m`pk;ir topapy; ve;j gyDk; mspf;ftpy;iy vd;gij fhe;jp



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czh;e;jhh;. fhe;jpabfs;> Mq;fpNyah; ,e;jpa ehl;iltpl;L ntspNaw Ntz;Lnkdf; Nfhhpdhh;.

2. nraw;FO jPh;khdk; 1942-y; fhq;fpu]; nraw;FO jPh;khdj;jpy;

,q;fpyhe;J ,e;jpahit tpl;L ntspNaw Ntz;Lk; vd fhe;jp nrhw;nghopthw;wp jPh;khdj;ij nfhz;L te;jhh;.

3. KOr; Rje;jpuk; KO Rje;jpuk; jtpu NtW vjpYk; jpUg;jp

milakhl;Nld; vd fhe;jp[p nrhw;nghopthw;wpdhh;.

4. “nra; my;yJ nrj;J kb” ehk; KO Rje;jpuj;jpw;fhf tho;Nthk;

my;yJ tPo;Nthk;. ,e;jpah tpLjiyaila ghLgL my;yJ nrj;J kb vd;gijNa “nra; my;yJ nrj;J kb” vd;whh; fhe;jp[p.

5. Kf;fpaj; jiyth;fs; ifJ fhe;jp> NeU> mGy;fyhk; Mrhj; Nghd;w

jiyth;fs; ifJ nra;ag;gl;ljhy; ehnlq;Fk; td;Kiwf; fytuq;fs; ntbj;jd.

5. tpLjiyg; Nghupy; Rgh\; re;jpu Ngh]; kw;Wk; ,e;jpa Njrpa ,uhZtj;jpd; gq;fpid tptup. 1. fhq;fpu]; jiytuhf Ngh];

1. Nejh[p Rgh\; re;jpuNgh]; 1927 Mk; Mz;L ,e;jpa Njrpa fhq;fpu]py; Nrh;e;J NeUTld; ,ize;J gzpahw;wpdhh;.

2. 1938Mk; Mz;L ,e;jpa Njrpa fhq;fpurpd; jiytuhf Njh;e;njLf;fg;gl;lhh;.

2. Kw;Nghf;F fl;rp 1. 1939y; Ngh]; Kw;Nghf;Ff; fl;rpia

njhlq;fpdhh;. 2. gy ehLfSf;F Rw;Wg;gazk;

Nkw;nfhz;L ,e;jpah kPJ me;ehLfspd; mDjhgj;ijg; ngw;whh;.

3. mth; rpwpJ fhyk; tPl;Lr; rpiwapy; itf;fg;gl;lhh;.

3. ,uz;lhk; cyfg; Nghu; 1. mq;fpUe;J n[h;kdpf;F jg;gpr; nrd;W>

`pl;yiu re;jpj;J cjtp Nfhupdhh;. 2. 1942Mk; Mz;L gh;kh nrd;whh;.

[g;ghdpah;fshy; gh;kh Mf;fpukpf;fg;gl;lJ. 4. ,e;jpa Njrpa ,uhZtk;

1. [g;ghdpa murhq;fj;Jld; $l;L Nrh;e;J Rgh\; re;jpuNgh]; ,e;jpah;fSf;fhf ,e;jpa Njrpa ,uhZtj;ij mikj;jhh;.

2. Mrhj; `pe;j; /gT[; vd;W miof;fg;gl;l ,e;jpa Njrpa ,uhZtj;jpd; jsgjpahf Rgh\; re;jpuNgh]; nghWg;Ngw;whh;.

3. „n[a;`pe;j‟; kw;Wk; „nly;ypia Nehf;fpr; nry‟; vd;git mtuJ Kof;fkhFk;.

5. jg;gpr; nry;yy; 1. ,e;jpa Njrpa ,uhZtk;> Mq;fpNyaiu

vjph;j;J ,e;jpa tpLjiyf;fhf fLikahfg; NghuhbaJ.

2. ,uz;lhk; cyfg; Nghupy; 1945-Mk; Mz;L [g;ghd; ruzile;jJ.

3. Nejh[p ghq;fhf;fpypUe;J jg;gpr; nrd;w NghJ caph; ,oe;jjhf ek;gg;gLfpwJ.


1. nrd;id kfh[d rigapd; gzpapid tptup. 1. fhq;fpuRld; ,izT

,e;jpa kf;fspd; mbg;gil chpikfSf;fhf Fuy; vOg;gpa nrd;id kfh[d rig 1920k; Mz;L ,e;jpa Njrpa fhq;fpuRld; ,ize;J nray;gl;lJ.

2. cg;G rj;jpahfpufk; 1930 Mk; Mz;L cg;G rj;jpahfpufg; Nghuhl;lj;ij nrd;idapy; gy;NtW ,lq;fspy; ,r;rig elj;jpaJ. cWg;gpdh;fs; fLikahf jhf;fg;gl;ldh;.

3. nghUl;fhl;rp Mq;fpy muR fhq;fpu]; fl;rpf;F jil tpjpj;jNghJ nrd;id kfh[d rig gy;NtW nghUl;fhl;rpia elj;jpaJ.

4. RNjr fz;fhl;rp midj;jpe;jpa fhjp (ifj;jwp) fz;fhl;rp kw;Wk; RNjrp nghUl;fs; fz;fhl;rpia elj;jpaJ

5. Njrpa gw;W tsh;g;G ,r;rig kf;fs; kdjpy; Njrpag; gw;iw tsh;j;jJ gpd; ePjpf; fl;rpahf khwpaJ.

2. ghujpahh; xU Rje;jpu Nghuhl;l tPuh; - ep&gp.

(JU-12, SE-13) 1. gj;jphpf;if Mrpupah;

1. 1904 Mk; Mz;L ghujpahh; RNjrkpj;ud; gj;jphpf;ifapd; cjtp Mrphpauhf gzpahw;wpdhh;.

2. jkpo; thug; gj;jpupf;ifahd „,e;jpah‟tpd; Mrphpauhdhh;.

3. ghy ghujk; vd;w Mq;fpy gj;jpupf;ifia ntspapl;lhh;.

2. fhq;fpu]; khehL 1. 1907 Mk; Mz;L #uj;jpy; eilngw;w

fhq;fpu]; khehl;by; fye;J nfhz;lhh;. 2. 1908 Mk; Mz;L nrd;idapy; khngUk;

$l;lj;ij elj;jp Rauh[;[pa ehis nfhz;lhbdhh;.

3. Njr gf;jp ghly;fs; mtuJ ghly;fshd te;Nj khjuk;> mr;rkpy;iy mr;rkpy;iy> ve;ijAk; jhAk;> n[a ghujk; Nghd;w Njr gw;W kpf;f ghly;fs; mr;rplg;gl;L jkpo; kf;fSf;F ,ytrkhf toq;fg;gl;lJ.

4. t.c.rp.apd; ez;gd;; 1908 Mk; Mz;L t.c.rp.f;F vjpuhd tof;fpy; t.c.rp.f;F Mjuthf rhl;rp mspj;jjhy; Mq;fpy muR ,tiu ifJ nra;jJ.



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5. GJitf;F jg;gpr;nry;Yjy; ,jdhy; GJitf;F jg;gp Xba ghujp mq;fpUe;J jpdrup> thu ,jo; kw;Wk; khj ,jo;fspy; jdJ gilg;gpid njhlh;e;J ntspapl;lhh;.


1. ePjpf;fl;rpapd; Njhw;wk; kw;Wk; rhjidfis gw;wp xU gj;jpapy; tpilasp. (AP-13, JU-13)

1. ePjpf;fl;rpapd; Njhw;wk; 1. ePjpf;fl;rp gpuhkzh;fspd; Mjpf;fj;jpw;F

vjpuhf njhlq;fg;gl;l r%f ,af;fkhFk;. 2. ,f;fl;rp 1916y; b.vk;.ehah; kw;Wk;

jpahfuha nrl;bahh; MfpNahuhy; nrd;id khfhzj;jpy; Njhw;Wtpf;fg;gl;lJ.

2. ePjpf; fl;rpapd; rhjidfs; 1. 1921 kw;Wk; 1922 %yk; ghh;g;gdh;

my;yhjth;fSf;F fy;tp kw;Wk; cs;shl;rp epWtdq;fspy; epakdq;fspy; ,l xJf;fPL toq;fpaJ.

2. 1924y; nghJg; gzpahsH Njh;thzak; khw;wpaikf;fg;gl;lJ.

3. 1925 Me;jpuh gy;fiyf;fofKk;> 1929 mz;zhkiy gy;fiyf;fofKk; njhlq;fg;gl;ld.

4. 1926y; ,e;J rka mwepiya rl;lk; nfhz;Ltug;gl;lJ.

5. Njtjhrp Kiw xopf;fg;gl;lJ. 6. ngz;fs; td;nfhLik jil rl;lk;

kw;Wk; njhopyhsh; ey rl;lq;fs; ,aw;wg;gl;ld.

7. ViofSf;F ,ytr tPl;L kid gl;lh toq;Fk; jpl;lk; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ.

8. nrd;idapy; gs;spfspy; ,ytr kjpa czTj; jpl;lk; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ.

9. MAh;Ntjk;> rpj;j kUj;Jtk; kw;Wk; Adhdp kUj;Jtf; fy;tpf;F Cf;fkspj;jJ.

10. 1921 Mk; Mz;L ngz;fSf;F thf;Fupik toq;fg;gl;lJ.

2. jkpo; rKjhaj;jpw;F lhf;lh;. Kj;Jyl;Rkp Mw;wpa njhz;Lfs; mstplKbahjit – ep&gpf;f.

lhf;lh; Kj;Jyl;Rkp 1949Mk; Mz;L Gw;WNeha; epthuz kUj;Jtkidiaj; njhlq;fpdhh;. 1. nrd;id milahW Gw;WNeha; Muha;r;rp

epWtdk; ,tuJ Kaw;rpahy; Njhw;Wtpf;fg;gl;lJ.

2. jkpo;ehl;by; fhzg;gl;l nfhba gof;fkhd Njtjhrp Kiwia xopf;f jd; tho;ehs; KOtijAk; mu;g;gzpj;jhu;.

3. ,e;jpa khjh; rq;f jiytpahf gzpahw;wpa NghJ 1930y; G+dhtpy; midj;jpe;jpa ngz;fs; khehl;il elj;jpdhh;.

4. 1933 Kjy; 1947 tiu ,e;jpa khju; rq;fj; jiytpahf ,Ue;J ngz;fs; Kd;Ndw;wj;jpw;F topfhl;bahf jpfo;e;jhu;.

5. rhe;Njhkpy; Mjutw;wth;fSf;F kWtho;T jUk; nghUl;L mt;it ,y;yk; vd;w milf;fy epiyaj;ij epWtpdhh;.

3. %tY}h; ,uhkhkph;jk; xU Rje;jpu Nghuhl;ltPuh; kw;Wk; xU r%f rPh;jpUj;jthjp - ,f;$w;iw ep&gp. (SE-15)

,Ugjhk; E}w;whz;bd; njhlf;fj;jpy; jkpo;ehl;by; Njhd;wpa ngz; rPh;jpUj;jthjpfspy;; Njr tpLjiyf;fhf jq;fis mh;g;gzpj;J nfhz;lth;fspy; %tY}h; ,uhkhkph;jk; mk;ikahh; Kf;fpakhdth;. 1. Rje;jpug; Nghuhl;l tPuhq;fid

1. fhq;fpu]; fl;rpapy; jd;id ,izj;Jf; nfhz;lhh;.

2. ngz;fs; ngUkstpy; Njrpa ,af;fj;jpy; <Lgl Cf;Ftpj;jhh;.

3. ,e;jpa ngz;fspilNa Njrpa czh;tpid Vw;gLj;jpdhh;.

2. r%f rPh;jpUj;jthjp 1. ,ir Ntshsh; Fy ngz;fspd; r%f

tpLjiyf;F Nghuhbdhh;. 2. Njtjhrp Kiwf;F vjpuhf Nghuhbdhh;. 3. rhjp Vw;wj;jho;Tfis vjph;j;J Nghuhbdhh;. 4. rjp xopg;G> tpjitfs; kWkzk;>

Foe;ijfs; jpUkzk; vjph;g;G Mfpatw;wpw;fhf Nghuhbdhh;.

5. jho;e;j rhjpapdh; NfhtpYf;Fs; Eioa mDkjp kWf;fg;gl;lij vjph;j;Jg; Nghuhbdhh;.

6. <.Nt.uh.> Kj;Jyl;Rkp Nghd;NwhUld; ,ize;J rKjha jPa gof;ftoq;fis vjph;j;J Nghuhbdhh;.



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Gtpapay;


1. “,e;jpah Xh; Jizf;fz;lk;” - epahag;gLj;J. (SE-13) ,e;jpah gy;NtW tifahd> 1. ,aw;if mikg;G gphpTfisAk; 2. fhyepiyfisAk; 3. ,aw;ifj; jhtuq;fisAk; 4. fdpk tsq;fisAk; 5. kdpj thoplq;fisAk; 6. fyhr;rhu $WfisAk; 7. kpfg;gue;j epyg;gug;igAk; 8. gy ,dq;fisAk;> nkhopfisAk; nfhz;Ls;sJ. vdNt xU fz;lj;jpw;Fhpa midj;J gz;GfisAk; ,e;jpah nfhz;bUg;gjhy;> ,e;jpahit xU Jizf;fz;lk; vd;W miof;fpNwhk;.

2. ‘Ntw;Wikapy; xw;Wik’ tpthp. (JU-13,SE-15)

1. kiyfs; ,e;jpah kpf cah;e;j kiyfis tlf;NfAk;> jho;e;j rkntspfis njw;NfAk; nfhz;Ls;sJ.

2. kiog;nghopT ,e;jpahtpd; fpof;Nf mjpfkhd kio nghopAk; rpuGQ;rpAk;> Nkw;Nf Fiwthd kio nghopAk; jhh; ghiytdKk; cs;sJ.

3. fhyepiy Nkw;fpy; mjpf ntg;gKk;> tlf;Nf fLk; FspUkhf khWgl;l fhyepiyia nfhz;Ls;sJ

4. ,aw;if jhtuk; Nkw;F njhlh;r;rp kiyapy; mlh;e;j ntg;g kz;ly fhLfSk;> jhh; ghiytd Gjh;fSk; gutpf; fhzg;gLfpd;wd.

5. tpyq;Ffs; rpq;fk;> ahid> xl;lfk; Nghd;w gy;NtWtif tpyq;Ffs; khWgl;l #o;epiyapy; fhzg;gLfpd;wd.

6. kjq;fs; ,e;jpa kf;fs; ,e;J> fpwp];Jtk;> ,];yhk;> rPf;fpak;> Gj;jk;> i[dk; kw;Wk; n[huh];buk; Nghd;w kjq;fis gpd;gw;wp tho;fpd;wdh;.

7. fyhr;rhuk; ,e;jpahtpy; gz;biffs;> cilfs;> czTfs;> gof;f tof;fq;fs; vd gy fyhr;rhu khWghLfs; fhzg;gLfpd;wd.

8. xw;Wik ,t;thW gy NtWghLfs; epiwe;J fhzg;gbDk;> xNu rl;lk;> xNu Njrpa fPjk;> xNu ehzak;> xNu nfhb> xNu FbAhpik Nghd;wtw;wpdhy; ,e;jpah xw;Wik epiwe;j ehlhf cs;sJ.

3. ,kakiyfs; cUthd tpjj;jpid tpthp

(AP-15,JU-12)

1. epyg;gFjp 1. gy kpy;ypad; tUlq;fSf;F Kd;G xNu

xU epyg;gFjp kl;Lk; ngUq;flyhy; #og;gl;bUe;jJ.

2. epyg;gFjp “ghQ;rpah” vd;Wk;> ePh;g;gFjp “ghe;jyhrh” vd;Wk; miof;fg;gl;lJ.

2. ,U gphpT 1. ,e;j epyg;gFjp ,U gFjpfshf gphpe;jJ. 2. tl gFjp “mq;fhuh” vd;Wk; njd;gFjp

“Nfhz;Lthdh” vd;Wk; ngahplg;gl;ld. 3. ePh; gphpT

1. ,e;j ,uz;L epyg;gFjpfisAk; “nlj;jP]; fly;” vd;w ePh;g; gFjp gphpj;jJ.

2. ,f;fly; fpof;F Nkw;fhf gutpapUe;jJ. 4. fly; gFjp mq;fhuh kw;Wk; Nfhz;Lthdh gFjpapy;

,Ue;J cUthfp tUk; MWfs;> jhk; nfhz;L te;j gbTfis nlj;jP]; flypy; gba itj;jd.

5. kbg;G kiy ePz;l fhyj;jpw;Fg; gpwF mq;fhuh> Nfhz;Lthdh vdg;gLk; ,Uepyg;gug;Gfs; vjpnujph; jpirapy; efh;e;jjhy; nlj;jP]; flypy; ,Ue;j gjpT kbf;fg;gl;L ,kakiy vd;w kbg;G kiy Njhd;wpaJ.

4. ,kakiyfspd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij tpthp. (AP-13, SE-14)

1. ,aw;if muz; ,e;jpahtpd; tlf;Nf cs;s ,kakiy ,aw;if muzhf mike;Js;sJ.

2. md;dpa gilnaLg;G jLg;G rPdh> Mg;fhdp];jhd;> ghfp];jhd; Nghd;w md;dpa gilnaLg;Gfs; ,e;jpahtpy; vspjpy; Eiotij jLf;fpwJ.

3. kio nghopT njd;Nkw;F gUtfhw;iw jLj;J> kio nghopitAk;> gdpg;nghopitAk; jUfpwJ.

4. kiy thoplq;fs; kiy thoplq;fshd Knrshp> iedplhy;> ,khr;ry;> Fy;khh;f; Nghd;wit ,q;F mike;Js;sd.

5. Gdpj ,lq;fs; mkh;ehj;> Nfjh;ehj;> gj;hpehj;> it\;;ztpNjtp Nfhapy; Nghd;w Gdpj ,lq;fSk; ,q;F mike;Js;sd.

6. MWfs; cw;gj;jp fq;if> aKid> rpe;J> gpuk;kGj;jpuh Nghd;w ejpfs; ,ka kiyapy; cw;gj;jpahfpd;wd.

5. tlngUk; rkntspfs; gw;wp Fwpg;G tiuf.

tl ,e;jpar; rkntspia ehd;F gphpTfshfg; gphpf;fyhk;. mit 1) uh[];jhd; rkntsp 2) gQ;rhg;-`hpahdh rkntsp 3) fq;ifr; rkntsp 4) gpuk;kGj;jp;uh rkntsp



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1. uh[];jhd; rkntsp 1. uh[];jhd; rkntsp> Muty;yp

kiyj;njhlUf;F Nkw;fpy; mike;Js;sJ. 2. %d;wpy; ,uz;L gFjp ghiytdkhd

ghiwfs; kw;Wk; kzy; jpl;Lfshy; MdJ. 3. rhk;ghh; Vhp kpfg;nghpa VhpahFk;.

2. gQ;rhg; - `hpahdh rkntsp 1. ,e;jpag; ghiytdj;jpd; tlfpof;Nf

mike;Js;sd. 2. rl;ny[;> gpah];> uhtp MWfshy; Vw;gLk;

gbTfshy; MdJ. 3. fhf;uh ejpf;Fk; aKdh ejpf;Fk;

,ilg;gl;l epyg;gug;Ng `hpahdh rkntspahf mikfpwJ.

3. fq;ifr; rkntsp 1. kpfg;nghpa fq;ifr; rkntsp aKdh

Mw;wpypUe;J tq;fNjrk; tiu gutpAs;sJ.

2. mjpf mstpy; kziyAk;> tz;liyAk; gba itj;J kpfg;nghpa rkntspia cUthf;Ffpd;wd.

3. ,r;rkntspapd; Nkw;gFjpapy; fq;if> aKidapd; Mw;wpilr; rkntsp Njh-Mg; mike;Js;sJ.

4. ,r;rkntspapd; jho;g;;gFjp Re;jutdk; vd miof;fg;gLfpwJ.

4. gpuk;kGj;jpuh rkntsp 1. ,J tlngUk; rkntspapd; fpof;F

Xug;gFjp gpuk;kGj;jpuh Mw;wpidAk; mjd; gy;NtW JizahWfis nfhz;Ls;sJ.

2. ,r;rkntsp tlfpof;fpypUe;J njd;Nkw;F Nehf;fp rhpe;J fhzg;gLfpwJ.

3. tz;ly; tprpwpfshy; juha; vdg;gLk; rJg;G epyf;fhLfis cUthf;fpAs;sd.

6. jPgfw;g gPlg+kp gw;wp Fwpg;G tiuf.

1. jPgfw;g gPlg+kp 1. jPgfw;g gPlg+kp tl ,e;jpa rkntspf;F

njw;Nf mike;Js;sJ. 2. 16,yl;rk; r.fp.kP gug;gsitf; nfhz;lJ. 3. fly; kl;lj;jpypUe;J 600-900 kPl;lh;

cauj;ijf; nfhz;lJ. 2. khstg; gPlg+kp

1. Muty;yp kiy> tpe;jpakiy kw;Wk; gz;ly;fz;l; Mfpatw;why; #og;gl;Ls;sJ.

2. ,J yhth vdg;gLk; vhpkiyf; Fok;ghy; cUthdJ.

3. rk;gy; ejpAk; mjd; JizahWfSk; gy gpsTfis cz;lhf;fpAs;sJ.

3. gz;ly;fz;l; cah;epyk; 1. aKidahw;wpd; njd;gFjpapy; mike;J

cs;s ,e;epyk; jPg;ghiwfshy; cUthdJ. 2. tl gFjp tz;ly; kz; gbTfshYk;>

Fd;Wg;gFjpfs; kzw;ghiwfshYk;> fUq;fw;fshYk; MdJ.

4. gfy;fz;l; 1. ikf;fhyh kiyj; njhlUf;F fpof;Nf

mike;Js;sJ. 2. Nkw;fpy; kzw;ghiwfshYk;> Rz;zhk;G

ghiwfshYk;> fpof;fpy; fUq;fw;fyhYk; MdJ.

5. Nrhl;lhehfGhp gPlg+kp 1. kj;jpa cah; epyq;fspd; tlfpof;F

gFjpapy; mike;Js;sJ. 2. jhNkhjh;> Rgh;zNufh> Nfhay; kw;Wk;

guhf;fh; MWfs; ,jd; topahf gha;fpd;wd.

3. ,uh[;kfhy; Fd;Wfs; tlfpof;fpy; mike;Js;sd.

6. jf;fhz gPlg+kp 1. Rkhh; 5 ,yl;rk; r.fp.kP gug;gstpy;

mike;Js;sJ. 2. Nkw;fpypUe;J fpof;fhf rhpe;j ,g;gPlg+kp

jPg;ghiwfisAk;> fupry; kz;izAk; nfhz;Ls;sJ.

3. njYq;fhd gPlg+kpapypUe;J Nfhjhthp> fpU\;zh kw;Wk; ngz;zhW MWfs; XLfpd;wd.

2. ,e;jpah - fhyepiy

1. ,e;jpaf; fhyepiyia eph;zapf;Fk; ,uz;L fhuzpfis Muha;f. (SE-13) 1. cauk;

1. Gtpg;gug;gpy; ,Ue;J caNu nry;y nry;y> ntg;gj;jpd; msT Fiwe;Jf; nfhz;Nl nry;fpwJ.

2. caukhd ,lq;fs; rkntspia fhl;bYk; Fsph;e;J fhzg;gLfpwJ. c.k;. rpk;yh.

2. flypypUe;J J}uk; 1. flf Nuiff;F tlf;fpy; cs;s

,lq;fspy; fz;l fhyepiy epyTfpwJ. 2. ,jw;F fhuzk; ,g;gFjpfs; flypy;

,Ue;J ntF njhiytpy; mike;Js;sJ. 3. flfNuiff;F njw;fpy; mike;Js;s

,lq;fs; %d;W gf;fKk; flyhy; #og;gl;Ls;sjhy;> “kpj ntg;g fhy epiy” epyTfpwJ.

2. gUtf;fhw;wpd; gz;Gfis vOJf. 1. rPuw;w kio guty;

1. gUtf;fhw;W tPRk; jpir nghJthf 2 Kjy; 4 khjq;fs; tiu NtWgLfpwJ.

2. [_d; Kjy; nrg;lk;gh; tiu njd; Nkw;F gUtf; fhw;Wk;> mf;Nlhgh; Kjy; etk;gh; tiu tlfpof;F gUtf; fhw;Wk; tPRfpwJ.

2. kiyfspd; nry;thf;F 1. kiyfs; FWf;Nf fhzg;gLtjhy; mq;F

kio nghopT Vw;gLtjpy;iy. 2. Nkw;F flw;fiuNahuj;jpy; cs;s Nkw;F

njhlh;r;rp kiyapd; kPJ Nkhjp fhw;W tPRtjhy; mg;gFjp mjpf kionghopit ngWfpwJ.



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3. ntg;gkz;ly Gay; fhw;W 1. kio guty; ntg;gkz;ly FiwtOj;j

mikg;ghy; eph;zapf;fg;gLfpd;wd. 2. tq;fhs tpupFlhtpy; cUthFk; fhw;W

Nkw;F kw;Wk; tlNkw;F gFjpfis Nehf;fp tPRfpd;wd.

4. kioapd; epiyaw;w jd;ik 1. gUt kio Jtf;fk; jhkjkhfyhk;. 2. gUt kio njhlh;r;rpapy; ,ilntsp

Vw;glyhk;. 3. gUt kio fhyj;jpw;F Kd;dNu

Kbtilayhk; 5. nghUshjhu jhf;fk;

1. fhw;wpd; jpir khWghl;lhy; kio ngWk; gFjpfs; ghiytdkhfyhk;.

2. kiof; Fiwthy; ePh; kpd;rf;jp cw;gj;jp ghjpf;fg;gLk;.

3. rpy ,lq;fspy; mjpf kio nghopT Vw;gl;L Ntshz;ik ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shFk;.

3. njd;Nkw;F gUtf;fhw;wpd; VNjDk; xU fpisapid tpthpf;f. (JU-13)

njd;Nkw;F gUtf;fhw;W ,U fpisfis nfhz;Ls;sJ.

1. mugpf;fly; fpis. 2. tq;fhs tphpFlh fpis.

tq;fsh tphpFlh fpis 1. tq;fhs tphpFlhtpypUe;J tPRk; <ug;gjk;

kpf;f fhw;W fhrp> fhNuh> n[ae;jpah Fd;Wfs; kPJ NkhJfpwJ.

2. ,f;fhw;W Gdy; tbt Fd;Wfspd; kPJ Nkhjp jpBnud NknyOk;gp rpuGQ;rpf;F fd kioia nfhLf;fpwJ.

3. Nkw;F Nehf;fp efh;e;J fq;if rkntspf;F kioiaj; jUfpwJ.

4. NkYk; Nkw;F Nehf;fp efUk; NghJ <ug;gjj;ij ,oe;J gQ;rhg;> `hpahdhtpw;F Fiwe;jsT kioia jUfpwJ.

5. gpd; mugpf;fly; fpisAld; ,ize;J> rpthypf; Fd;Wf;F mjpf kioia nfhLf;fpwJ.

6. ,g;gUtj;jpy; jkpo;ehl;by; twz;l epiyNa fhzg;gLfpwJ.

4. kioePh; Nrfhpg;gpid tpsf;Ff. (SE-12)

1. gUt kio ,e;jpah ntg;g kz;ly gUtf;fhw;W

fhyepiyia ngw;Ws;sJ. ,f;fhy epiy gUt fhyq;fspy; kioiaj; jUfpwJ.

2. rPuw;w Kiw ,k;kio rPuw;w epiyaw;w Kiwapy;

nghopfpwJ. ,jdhy; ngUk;ghyhd Neuq;fspy; kioePh; FiwthfNt fpilf;fpwJ.

3. ePh; kl;lk; cah;j;jy; ,k;kioePiu Mokhd epyj;jb ePh;

kl;lj;Jld; CLUty; nra;J Njit Vw;gLk; NghJ Foha;fs; %yk; ngw;Wf; nfhs;syhk;.

4. jiuf;F mbapy; Nrfhpg;G kio ePiu Neubahf jiuf;F mbapy;

Nrfhpj;J gpd;dh; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.

5. mtrpak; czh;jy; kio ePhpd; kjpg;gpidAk; mjid rpwe;j

Kiwapy; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;s ehk; Ghpe;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;;.

5. ePh; Nkyhz;ik vd;why; vd;d? ePhpid Ngzpfhg;gjw;F Njitahd mbg;gilf; $Wfs; ahit?

1. ePh; Nkyhz;ik 1. ePh; Nkyhz;ik vd;gJ fpilf;ff;$ba

ePh; tsj;ij ed;Kiwapy;> kf;fs; eyDf;fhf gad;gLj;JtJ.

2. ePh; rPuopitAk;> ePh; jl;Lg;ghl;ilAk; fl;Lg;gLj;jp> ek; vjph;fhyj; Njitia G+h;j;jpnra;Ak; tifapy; eph;tfpg;gJk; MFk;.

2. ePh; Nkyhz;ikapd; Kf;fpaj;Jtk;; 1. ePh; mj;jpahtrpakhd tskhFk; 2. ePh; gy tiffspy; gad;gLfpwJ 3. kz;tsk;> ePh; tsk; ,uz;ilAk;

xUq;fpize;j Kiwapy; eph;tfpg;gJ mtrpakhfpwJ.

4. ePh; Nkyhz;ik midj;J epiyfspYk; gpd;gw;w Ntz;ba xd;whFk;.

3. ePhpid Ngzpfhg;gjw;F Njitahd mbg;gil $Wfs; 1. cs;Sh; kf;fspd; KOikahd <LghL>

xj;Jiog;G kw;Wk; gq;Nfw;G 2. tPl;Lg; gad;ghl;bw;fhd ePiu

eph;tfpg;gjpy; ngz;fspd; Kf;fpag; gq;F 3. ePiu xU nghUshjhug; nghUshff;

fUjp mjid yhgfukhdjhfTk;> Njitf;Nfw;gTk; gad;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;.

4. jukhd ePiu midtUk; gfph;e;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.

5. ePiu kioePh; Nrfupg;G (mWtil) vd;w El;gkhd Kiwia gad;gLj;jp Nrkpf;f Ntz;Lk;.

3. ,e;jpah - ,aw;if tsq;fs;;

1. fhLfspd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij tpthp. (AP-

12,14,16, JU-13)

1. %yg;nghUs; fhLfs; tPl;L Njitf;Fk;> tzpfj;jpw;Fk; tpiyAah;e;j kuq;fisAk;> njhopw;rhiyfSf;F %yg;nghUl;fisAk; jUfpwJ.

2. eWkzg; nghUl;fs; fhLfs; muf;F> Nfhe;J> gprpd;> kUe;Jfs;> Njd;> eWkz nghUl;fs; kw;Wk; %ypiffis mspf;fpwJ.



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3. me;epa nryhtzp tdg;nghUl;fis ntsp ehLfSf;F Vw;Wkjp nra;tjhy;> me;epa nryhtzpia <l;LfpwJ.

4. ghy; cw;gj;jp fhLfs; fhy;eilfSf;F Nka;r;ry; epyq;fshf cs;sjhy; ghy; gz;iz nghUl;fs; cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gLfpwJ.

5. Rw;Wyh gyfhLfs; Rw;Wyh ikaq;fshf jpfo;fpd;wd.

6. Rw;W #oy; ghJfhg;G fhLfs; tspkz;lyj;jpy; cs;s fhh;gd;-il-Mf;i]il cl;nfhz;L fhw;W khRg;gLjiy fl;Lg;gLj;JfpwJ.

7. kz;zhpg;G fhLfs; nts;sg; ngUf;F kw;Wk; kz;zhpg;gpid fl;Lg;gLj;JfpwJ.

8. epyj;jb ePh; fhLfs; kioePiu G+kpapd; cs;Ns nrYj;jp mjdhy; epyj;jb ePhpd; msit mjpfhpf;;fpwJ.

9. vhp rf;jp ehl;bd; vhprf;jp Njitia 40 rjtPjk; fhLfs; G+h;j;jp nra;fpd;wd.

10. thoplk; kdpjh;> gwitfs; kw;Wk; tpyq;FfSf;F ,aw;ifahd thoplq;fis fhLfs; mspf;fpwJ.

11. fhyepiy fhLfs; fhyepiyia rPuhf;fp <ug;gjj;ij mspf;fpwJ.

2. ,aw;if tsq;fis ghJfhf;f Ntz;ba mtrpaj;ij tpthp (JU-14,15,SE-15)

1. rkepiy guhkhpg;G tho;f;iff;F Mjhukhf tpsq;Fk; #opay;

rkepiyia guhkhpj;jy; Ntz;Lk;

2. caphpd ghJfhg;G gy;tif caphpdq;fisAk; ghJfhj;jy;

Ntz;Lk;

3. vjph;fhy tsq;fs; jw;fhyj;jpw;Fk;> vjph;fhy re;jjpapdUf;Fk;

tsq;fs; fpilf;f toptif nra;a Ntz;Lk;

4. kdpj ,dk; tho kdpj ,dk; njhlh;e;J tho cWjp

mspj;jpl Ntz;Lk;

5. ,U gphpTfs; ,aw;if tsq;fis ,U gpupthf

gphpf;fyhk;. GJg;gpf;f jf;f tsq;fs;> GJg;gpf;f ,ayh tsq;fs;. ,itfisj; njhlh;e;J gad;gLj;Jtjhy; ,aw;if tsq;fs; mope;J tplhky; ,Uf;f khw;W tsq;fisf; fz;L gpbf;f Ntz;Lk;.

4. ,e;jpah - Ntshz; njhopy;;

1. caphp El;gj;jpidg; gad;gLj;Jtjhy; Vw;gLk; ed;ikfs; ahit? 1. Rw;Wr; #oy; ghJfhg;G

Ntshz;ikapy; capup El;gj;ijg; gad;gLj;Jtjhy; Rw;Wg;Gwr; #oy; ghjpf;fhJ.

2. ePhpd; msT FiwT gaph;fSf;Fj; Njitahd jz;zPhpd; msT FiwAk;

3. Neha; jLg;G Kiw gaph;fis jhf;Fk; G+r;rpfs; kw;Wk; Neha;fisj; jLf;f KbfpwJ

4. mjpf tpisr;ry; Gjpa fz;Lgpbg;Gfshy; mjpf tpisr;ry; fpilf;fpwJ

5. mjpf tUtha; gaph; tpisr;ry; mjpfkhtjhy;> tptrhapfSf;F mjpf tUtha; fpilf;fpwJ

6. jhpR epyj;jpy; tpisr;ry; jhpR epyq;fis tpisepyq;fshf khw;w KbfpwJ.

2. ,e;jpa Ntshz; njhopypy; cs;s VNjDk; %d;W gpur;ridfis tpthp. (AP-12,15,JU-12) 1. gUtf;fhw;Wfs;

,e;jpa Ntshz;ik xU gUtf; fhw;wpd; #jhl;lk; vd th;zpf;fg;gLfpwJ. gUtf;fhw;Wfs; rPuhfTk;> Fwpj;jf; fhyj;jpYk; tPRtjpy;iy.

2. ePNuhl;lk; ghjpg;G ngUfptUk; rhiyfs;> uapy; ghijfs;> fl;Lkhdg; gzpfs;> kio ePNuhl;lk; jilgLtNjhL tbfhy; mikg;gpy; ePNuhl;l jil Vw;gLtjhy; gaph;fs; gaphpLtjpy; jhkjk; Vw;gLfpwJ.

3. epyg;gug;G FiwT njhopw;rhiyfs;> FbapUg;G fl;blq;fs; Nghd;wit fl;lg;gl;L tUtjhy; Ntshz; epyq;fspd; gug;G Fiwe;Jf;nfhz;Nl tUfpwJ.

4. fhyepiy khw;wq;fs; cyfstpy; cs;s fhyepiyahdJ> NeubahfTk; kiwKfkhfTk; gaph;fs;> kz;> fhy;eilfs; kw;Wk; G+r;rpfs; Nghd;wtw;why; Ntshz;ik ghjpg;gilfpwJ.

5. Rw;Wr;#oy; ghjpg;G Ntshz; cw;gj;jpf;fhf Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;l eltbf;iffs; Rw;Wr;#oy; kw;Wk; ,aw;if tsq;fis rPh;NfL mila nra;fpd;wd.



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5. ,e;jpah – njhopyfq;fs;;

1. ,e;jpahtpd; ,Uk;G v/F njhopyfq;fis tpthp 1. lhlh ,Uk;G v/F njhopyfk; (TISCO)

1907-y; [hk;n\l;G+hpy; njhlq;fg;gl;l lhlh ,Uk;G v/F epWtdk; cyf cw;gj;jpapy; gj;jhkplj;ij tfpf;fpwJ.

2. ,e;jpa ,Uk;G v/F FOkk; (IISCO) 1919-y; gu;d;G+hpy; mikf;fg;gl;l ,e;jpa ,Uk;G v/F epWtdk; Fy;b> ghd;G+h;> `puhG+h; v/F Miyfs; xUq;fpizf;fg;gl;L nray;gLfpwJ.

3. ,e;J];jhd; v/F epWtdk; 1. 1923-y; fh;ehlf khepyj;jpy; gj;uhtjpapy;

tp];Nt];tua;ah ,e;jpa ,Uk;G v/F epWtdk; cNyhf fyitfis cw;gj;jp nra;fpwJ

2. 1959-y; rl;B];fh; khepyj;jpy; gpyha; efhpy; uapy; jsthlq;fs;> fg;gy; fl;l v/F jfLfs; jahupf;fg;gLfpd;wd.

3. 1962-y; Nkw;F tq;fhs khepyj;jpy; Jh;fhG+hpy; ,Uk;G rl;lq;fs;> fl;Lkhdg; nghUl;fs;> uapy; jsthlq;fs; jahhpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.

4. 1965-y; xbrh khepyj;jpy; &h;Nfyhtpy; v/F cUisfs;> kpd; Kyhk; G+rg;gl;l jfLfs;> kpd; jfLfs; jahhpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.

5. 1972-y; [hh;fz;l; khepyj;jpy; nghfhNuhtpy; cs;s Miyapy; ,Uk;G fopTg; nghUl;fisf; nfhz;L rpe;jpup cu cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gLfpwJ.

6. 1992-y; tprhfg;gl;bdj;jpy; cs;s epWtdk; etPd ,Uk;G v/F njhopyfkhFk;

4. Nryk; v/F epWtdk; 1982-y; jkpo;ehl;by; Nryj;jpy; cyfj;juk; tha;e;j v/F nghUl;fs; tsh;r;rpaile;j ehLfSf;F Vw;Wkjpahfpd;wd.

5. Nlhh; efy; v/F epWtdk; fh;ehlfhtpYs;s N`h];gl; khtl;lj;jpy; Nlhh; efy; vd;w ,lj;jpy; ,Uk;G v/F epWtdk; njhlq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

2. Kk;igapy; gUj;jp Miyfs; mika rhjfkhd fhuzpfis tpthp.(AP-14,16, SE-12) 1. JiwKfk;

Kk;igapy; JiwKfk; mike;Js;sjhy; cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gl;l nghUl;fis Vw;Wkjp nra;a VJthf cs;sJ.

2. Nghf;Ftuj;J trjp gUj;jp tpisAk; ,lq;fSf;Fk;> MiyfSf;Fk; ,ilapy; Njitahd ,uapy; kw;Wk; Nghf;Ftuj;J ,izg;G cs;sJ.

3. <ug;gj fhyepiy E}ypio jahhpg;gjw;F VJthf <ug;gjk; nfhz;l fhyepiy cjTfpwJ.

4. %yjdg;nghUl;fs; gUj;jpahiyfSf;fhd %yjdg; nghUl;fSk; epjptrjpAk; vspjpy; fpilf;fpwJ.

5. gzpahl;fs; gUj;jp Miyfspy; Ntiynra;a Vuhskhf gzpahl;fs; ,q;F fpilf;fpd;wdh;.

cyfpy; mjpf gUj;jp MiyfSk;> [Tsp MiyfSk; ,q;fpyhe;jpd; khd;nr];lh; vd;w efhpy; mike;Js;sJ. mNjNghy; ,e;jpahtpd; kfhuh\;bu khepyj;jpy; cs;s Kk;ig efupy; gUj;jp Miyfs; mjpf mstpy; fhzg;gLfpwJ. vdNt Kk;ig „,e;jpahtpd; khd;nr];lh;‟ vd;W miof;fg;gLfpwJ.

3. ,e;jpahtpd; rh;f;fiu Miyfs; gw;wp tpthp 1. 2-tJ nghpa njhopy;

rh;f;fiu Miyfs; ,e;jpahtpd; ,uz;lhtJ kpfg; nghpa njhopyhFk;

2. Miyfspd; miktplk; fUk;G vspjpy; fha;e;J tpLtjhYk;> Rf;Nuh]; msT FiwtjhYk;> fUk;G gaphpLk; ,lq;fSf;F mUfpNyNa rh;f;fiu Miyfs; mikf;fg;gLfpd;wd.

3. rh;f;fiu cw;gj;jp rh;f;fiu cw;gj;jpapy; cyfpd; ehd;fhtJ ,lj;jpy; ,e;jpah cs;sJ.

4. rh;f;fiu kz;lyk; cj;jpu gpuNjrk;> gPfhhpy; 70% rh;f;fiu cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gLtjhy; ,e;jpahtpd; rh;f;fiu kz;lyk; vd;wiof;fg;gLfpwJ.

5. rh;f;fiu Miyfs; kfhuh\;buk;> gQ;rhg;> `hpahdh> fh;ehlfh> jkpo;ehL kw;Wk; Me;jpu gpuNjrj;jpy; mjpf msT rh;f;fiu Miyfs; fhzg;gLfpd;wd.

6. jkpo;ehl;by; cs;s ru;f;fiu Miyfs; jkpo;ehl;by; ney;yp Fg;gk;> GfSh;> Nfhak;Gj;J}h;> ghz;bauh[Guk; Mfpait rh;f;fiu cw;gj;jpf;F Gfo; ngw;w ,lq;fshFk;

7. tpiy eph;zak; ,e;jpa murhq;fk; rh;f;fiu tpw;gidapy; ,ul;il tpiy Kiwia gpd;gw;WfpwJ.

4. thfdj; njhopyfq;fs; my;yJ nkd;nghUs; njhopyfq;fs; gw;wp tpthp (AP-13) 1. thfdj; njhopyfk;

1. gphpkpah; Ml;Nlh nkhigy; Kjy; thfdj; njhopyfk; 1947y; Kk;ig-Fh;yhtpy; gphpkpau; Ml;Nlh nkhigy; vd;w ngaupy; njhlq;fg;gl;lJ.

2. ,e;J];jhd; Nkhl;lhh; epWtdk; 1948-y; ,e;J];jhd; Nkhl;lhh; epWtdk; nfhy;fj;jh-cj;jughuhtpy; epWtg;gl;lJ

3. mRu tsh;r;rp thfdj; njhopyfk; fle;j 30 Mz;Lfspy; tzpf thfdq;fs;> gazpfs; thfdq;fs;> ,uz;L kw;Wk; %d;W rf;fu thfdq;fs; cw;gj;jp mRu tsh;r;rp mile;Js;sJ.



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4. thfd cw;gj;jp ikaq;fs; Kk;ig> nrd;id> nfhy;fj;jh> nly;yp> GNd> mfkjhghj;> yf;Ndh> rjhuh kw;Wk; ik#h; Nghd;w ,lq;fspy; thfd cw;gj;jp ikaq;fs; epWtg;gl;Ls;sd.

5. ntspehl;L epWtdq;fs; RRfp> Nghh;L> kpl;Rgp\p> N`hz;lh> NjT> ep]hd;> kfpe;jpuh> kpy;ypdpak; Nkhl;lhh;];> n[duy; Nkhl;lhh;]; Mfpa cyfg;Gfo; ngw;w epWtdq;fs; ,e;jpahtpy; thfd cw;gj;jpapy; <Lgl;Ls;sd.

2. nkd; njhopyfk; 1. nghwpapay; ty;Yeh;fs; nkd;nghUs; njhopyfq;fspy; gzpahw;Wk;

jpwd;kpF nghwpapay; ty;Yeh;fs; ,e;jpahtpy; Fiwe;j Cjpaj;jpy; Ntiy nra;tjhy; ,e;jpa nghUshjhuj;jpy; Kf;fpa njhopyhf tsh;e;J tUfpwJ

2. kpd;dZtpay; G+q;fh kpd;dZtpay; Jiw ehl;by; gy;NtW

gFjpfspy; kpd;dZtpay; G+q;fhf;fis epWtp tUfpwJ.

3. Kf;fpa ,lq;fs; nrd;id> Nfhak;Gj;J}h;> jpUtde;jGuk;>

ngq;fSU> ik#U> i`juhghj;> tprhfg;gl;bdk;> Kk;ig> GNd> nfhy;fj;jh> =efh;> neha;lh Nghd;w Kf;fpa ,lq;fspy; nkd;nghUs; G+q;fhf;fs; epWtg;gl;Ls;sd.

4. Ntiy tha;g;G 2014-y; 2.5 kpy;ypad; kf;fSf;F Ntiy

tha;g;ig toq;fpAs;sJ NkYk; nkhj;j cs;ehl;L cw;gj;jp msit 7.5 rjtPjkhf cau;j;jpAs;sJ.

5. Vw;Wkjpapy; Kf;fpa gq;F Vwj;jho 95 ehLfSf;F nkd;nghUs;

Vw;Wkjp nra;J me;epa nryhtzpiag; ngUf;fpAs;sJ.


1. mkpy kioapd; tpisTfs; ahit? (SE-14) 1. Ez;zpa capup

mkpy kioapdhy; flypYs;s Ez;zpa capupahd „gpshq;ld;‟ caph; tho KbahJ.

2. fly; tho; caphpdq;fs; kPd; czthd gpshq;ld; ,y;yhtpl;lhy; fly;tho; capupdq;fs; ghjpf;fg;gLk;

3. czT rq;fpyp czTr; rq;fpyp ghjpf;fg;gLk;

4. gtsg; ghiwfs; fly; ePupYs;s fhh;gid Rz;zhk;Gf; fl;bfshf khw;wp fhh;gdpd; msit fl;Lg;ghl;bw;Fs; itj;jpUf;Fk; gtsg; ghiwfs; ghjpg;gilfpd;wd.

5. KUiffs; 100 nry;rpa]; ntg;gj;jpw;F tsUk;; KUiffs; ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shfpd;wd.

6. fhLfs;-ghiytdq;fs; fhLfs; kw;Wk; ghiytdq;fs; mkpy kioahy; ghjpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.

7. capupdg; gd;ik capupdg; gd;ik kw;Wk; ,d kiwTfs; ,jdhy; Vw;gLfpd;wd.

8. ,aw;if jhtuk; kz;zpy; mkpy kioahy; rj;J mupf;fg;gl;L> ,aw;if jhtuq;fisg; ghjpf;fpd;wd.

2. er;Rg; Gif vd;why; vd;d? mjd; tpisTfs; ahit? (JU-15) er;Rg; Gif GifAk;> %LgdpAk; fye;j fyitNa er;Rg;Gif vdg;gLk;. tpisTfs; 1. tspkz;lyk;

Gifahy; tspkz;lyk; ,Ul;lhfp ghh;it FiwitAk;> ke;jkhd #o;epiyiaAk; cz;lhf;Fk;.

2. Kf;fpa fhuzp thfdg; Gif> jP> fopT Nkyhz;ik> vz;nza; cw;gj;jp> njhopw;rhiy fopT> th;zf; fyit> th;zg;G+r;R Mfpait Kf;fpa fhuzpfshFk;.

3. khRf;fs; er;Rg; Gifapy; cs;s khRf;fs; fhh;gd; Nkhdhf;i]L> J}R> mOf;Fj; Jfs;fs;> XNrhd; Nghd;witahFk;. #upa xspapy; i`l;Nuh fhu;gd; kw;Wk; iel;u[d; Mf;i]il Nru;tjhy; ,J cUthfpwJ.

4. Neha;fs; er;Rg;Gifapdhy; EiuaPuy; Neha; kw;Wk; epNkhdpah Vw;gLfpwJ.

5. ghjpg;G er;Rg; Gif fhw;wpy; gutp efuk; kw;Wk; fpuhkq;fis ghjpf;fpd;wd. Ntshz;ikAk; ghjpg;gilfpwJ.

3. fhw;W khriljy; Fwpg;G tiuf. fhw;W khriljy; jPq;F tpistpf;ff;$ba nghUl;fs; ntspNawp> fhw;Wld; fyg;gij fhw;W khriljy; vd;fpNwhk;. ,J ,uz;L tifg;gLk;. mit 1. ,aw;ifapdhy; fhw;W khriljy;

vupkiy ntbg;G> fhw;wupg;G> kfue;jg;guty;> capupfspd; $l;Lg; nghUl;fs; Mtpahjyhy; cz;lhFk; thA kw;Wk; mZf;fjph; tPr;R Nghd;witfshy; fhw;W khrilfpwJ.

2. kdpjh;fshy; fhw;W khriljy; thfdq;fspypUe;J ntspNaWk; fhh;gd;> mdy; kpd; epiyaq;fspypUe;J ntspNaWk; fhh;gd; Gif> njhopyfq;fs; kw;Wk; Rj;jpfupg;G MiyfspypUe;J ntspNaWk; fhh;gd; ,itaidj;Jk; kdpjh;fshy; Vw;gLj;jg;gLk; fhw;W khriljyhFk;.



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fhw;W khriljypd; tpisTfs; 1. jPq;F nghUl;fs; ntspNaw;wk;

jPq;F tpistpf;f $ba fhh;gd; nghUs;fs; mdy; kpd; epiyaq;fspy; epyf;fhp vhpf;fg;gLtjhy; fhw;W khrilfpwJ.

2. khRf;fs; fyg;G vhpkiy ntbg;G> fhw;W mhpg;G> kfue;j guty; Mfpatw;why; cz;lhFk; thA kw;Wk; mZf;fjph; tPr;R Nghd;wtw;why; fhw;W khrilfpwJ.

3. Gif ntspNaw;wk; Nkhl;lhh; thfdq;fspypUe;J ntspNaWk; iel;u[d; Mf;i]L> epyf;fhpiag; gad;gLj;Jk; kpd; epiyaq;fspypUe;J ntspNaWk; fe;jf-il-Mf;i]L Mfpait tspkz;lyj;jpy; fhw;iw khRgLj;JfpwJ.

4. Rthrk; ghjpg;G khRf;fhw;wpid Rthrpg;gjhy; kdpjh;fSf;F Rthrf; NfhshW> EiuaPuy; Neha;> xt;thik kw;Wk; ,ja Neha; cz;lhfpwJ.

5. XNrhd; ghjpg;G xU rjtPj XNrhd; ,og;G> ,uz;L rjtPj GwCjhf; fjph;fshy; Neha; vjph;g;G rf;jp FiwtNjhL> fz;Neha; kw;Wk; Njhy; Gw;W Neha; Nghd;wit Vw;gLfpd;wd.


1. ,e;jpa tzpfj;ij gw;wp Fwpg;ghf Vw;Wkjp kw;Wk; ,wf;Fkjp gw;wp tptup. (SE-12)

1. ,e;jpa tzpfk; tzpfk; vd;gJ Nritfis thq;Fk;> tpw;Fk; my;yJ gz;lkhw;wk; nra;Ak; nray;KiwahFk;.

2. tzpfj;jpd; tif nghJthf tzpfk; ,uz;L tifg;gLk;. 1. cs;ehl;L tzpfk; 2. gd;dhl;L tzpfk;

3. Vw;Wkjp 1. ek; ehl;bd; cgupg;nghUl;fisAk;>

NritfisAk; me;epa nryhtzpf;fhf ntspehl;bw;F tpw;gjhFk;.

2. 7500 tpjkhd nghUl;fs; 190 ehLfSf;F Vw;Wkjp nra;fpwJ

4. Vw;Wkjp nghUl;fs; 1. tptrhag; nghUl;fs; 2. jhJf;fs; kw;Wk; fdpkq;fs; 3. Njhy; kw;Wk; Njhy; nghUl;fs; 4. ,urhad nghUl;fs; 5. etuj;jpd fw;fs; kw;Wk; Mguzq;fs; 6. ,ae;jpug; nghUl;fs; 7. Milfs; kw;Wk; iftpidg; nghUl;fs;

5. Vw;Wkjp epiy ,e;jpah Vw;Wkjp nra;Ak; nghUl;fspd; kjpg;G 2012-13 &.464.2 gpy;ypad; lhyu;fs;.

6. ,wf;Fkjp ,e;jpah jdf;F Njitahd nghUl;fis ntspehl;bypUe;J thq;FtjhFk;. 6000 tpjkhd nghUl;fis 140 ehLfspypUe;J ,wf;Fkjp nra;fpwJ.

7. ,wf;Fkjp nghUl;fs; 1. Nghf;Ftuj;J rhjdq;fs; 2. ,ae;jpuf; fUtpfs; 3. kpd;dpay; kw;Wk; kpd; ,ae;jpuq;fs; 4. NfhJik 5. kUe;Jfs; 6. ngl;Nuhypak; 7. cuq;fs; 8. nra;jpj;jhs;

2. ,e;jpar; rhiyfspd; tiffis tpthp. 1. fpuhkr;rhiyfs;

fpuhkq;fis efuq;fSld; ,izf;Fk; fpuhkr;rhiyfs; fpuhk gQ;rhaj;jhy; guhkhpf;fg;gLfpwJ.

2. khtl;l rhiyfs; fpuhkq;fis khtl;lj;jpd; jiyefuq;fSld; ,izf;Fk; khtl;lr; rhiyfis khefuhl;rpfSk;> efuhl;rpfSk; guhkhpj;J tUfpwJ.

3. khepy neLQ;rhiyfs; khepy jiyefuj;Jld; gy;NtW khtl;l jiyefuq;fis ,izf;Fk; khepy neLQ;rhiyfis khepy nghJg;gzpj;Jiw guhkhpf;fpwJ.

4. Njrpa neLQ;rhiyfs; khepy jiyefuq;fis Njrpa jiyefuj;Jld; ,izf;Fk; Njrpa neLQ;rhiyfis kj;jpa nghJg;gzpj;Jiw guhkhpj;J tUfpwJ.

5. jq;f ehw;fu rhiy ,e;jpa murpdhy; Muk;gpf;fg;gl;lNj „jq;f ehw;fuk;‟ vd;w khngUk; rhiy tsh;r;rpj; jpl;lkhFk;. nrd;id> Kk;ig> nfhy;fj;jh> by;yp Nghd;w nghpa efuq;fis ,izf;fpwJ.

5. tpiuT topr; rhiy tpiuT topr; rhiyfs; Nkk;gLj;jg;gl;l njhopy; El;gj;Jld; $ba cah;ju ,e;jpa rhiy tiyaikg;G MFk;.

6. vy;iyNahur;rhiy vy;iyNahur; rhiyfs; ek; ehl;bd; tlf;F kw;Wk; tlfpof;F vy;iyfspy; mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

7. gd;dhl;L neLQ;rhiy ek; ehL mz;il ehLfSld; ,izg;gjhy; R%f cwT tsh;fpwJ.



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3. jdpegh; jfty; njhlh;G ,e;jpahtpy; vt;thW cs;sJ? tpthp. 1. mQ;ry; Nrit

1. 1837-y; njhlq;fg;gl;l ,e;jpa mQ;ry; Nrit ,d;W> cyfpy; kpfg; nghpa tiyg;gpd;dyhf cUthfpAs;sJ.

2. ntspehLfSf;Fk; cs;ehl;bYs;s fpuhkq;fSf;Fk; mQ;ry;fisAk;> fl;LfisAk; mDg;gg; gad;gLfpwJ.

3. jiu khh;f;fkhfTk;> thd;top khh;f;fkhfTk; mQ;ry;fs; kw;Wk; nghUl;fSk; mDg;gg;gLfpd;wd.

4. kpd;dZ mDg;Gk; Nrit> cldb gzk; mDg;Gk; Nrit> kpd;dQ;ry;> Jupj fl;Lfs; kw;Wk; Jupj mQ;ry;fs; Mfpait gpw Nritfs;

2. je;jp 1. njhiytplq;fSf;F vOj;J %yk;

tpiuthf nra;jpfis mDg;Gk; Kiwf;F je;jp vd;gh;.

2. fle;j Mz;L tiu je;jp Nrit rpwg;ghf nray;gl;L te;jJ.

3. njhiyNgrp 1. tha; top jfty; njhlh;G tzpf

tsh;r;rpf;F Kf;fpa gq;fhw;WfpwJ. 2. cs;ehL kw;Wk; ntsp ehl;by;

cs;sth;fNshL Neubahf Ngr KbfpwJ. 4. ifNgrp

1. ve;j Neuj;jpYk;> ve;j ,lj;jpYk; njhlh;G nfhs;s cyfpy; Gfo; ngw;w rhjdk;. ,e;jpahtpy; ,r;Nrit mjpfhpj;J nfhz;L tUfpwJ.

2. FWQ;nra;jp> kpd; tzpfk;> kpd; mQ;ry;> ,izak; Nghd;w gy mhpa NritfNshL tyk; tUfpd;wJ ifNgrp.

5. gpujpfs; 1. kpd; mQ;ry; Nghd;w jfty;fs;>

tiuglq;fs; Mfpatw;iw njhiy Ngrp %yk; cldbahf mDg;gNth> ngwNth KbfpwJ.

2. ,izajs gpujp vd;gJ gjpNtLfis ,izajs cjtpAld; mDg;GtjhFk;.

8. njhiy Ez;Zzh;T

1. njhiy Ez;Zzh;T El;gj;jpd; tsh;r;rp gw;wp tpthp. (AP-12, 13, 16, JU-15) 1. njhiy Ez;Zzh;T El;gj;jpd; tpsf;fk;

1. Gtpapd; nghUl;fis Neubahf njhlu;G nfhs;shky; jfty;fis Nrfupj;J gjpTnra;tJ MFk;.

2. epyj;jpy; fhyb itf;fhkNyNa ve;jnthU gFjpapd; tsj;ijg; gw;wpa tptuq;fisr; Nrfhpf;f cjTk; kpfr; rpwe;j El;gk; njhiy Ez;Zzh;T El;gkhFk;.

3. ,tw;wpd; %yk; ghiwf;Nfhsk;> ePu;f;Nfhsk;> tspf;Nfhsk; kw;Wk; capu;f;Nfhsk; Nghd;wit mstplg;gLfpwJ.

2. njhiy czh;tpfs; 1. Gtpapayhsh;fs; njhiy czh;tpfs;

vd;w fUtpia tpkhdq;fs; kw;Wk; nraw;iff;Nfhspy; nghUj;jp mjd;%yk; jfty;fis Nrfhpf;fpwhu;fs;.

2. ,j;jfty;fs; nghUl;fspd; kPJ gl;L gpujpgypf;fpd;wd.

3. #hpa xspapd; kpd;fhe;j miyfis gjpT nra;tjd; %yk; ngwg;gLfpwJ.

3. njhiy Ez;Zzh;tpd; Muk;gk; 1. thd;topg; Gifg;glq;fs; njhiy

Ez;Zzh;T El;gj;jpd; Muk;gkhFk;. 2. Nkg;gpayhsh;fs; thd;topg;

Gifg;glq;fisg; gad;gLj;jp tiuglk; tiue;jdh;.

3. 1858Mk; Mz;L gpnuQ;R Nkg;gpayhsh;fs; gY}d;fisAk; Gifg;glf; fUtpfs; nghUj;jg;gl;l tpkhdq;fisAk; gad;gLj;jp epyj;Njhw;wq;fis rha;Nfhzj;jpy; glk;gpbj;jdh;.

4. ntt;NtW Nfhzq;fspy; vLf;fg;gl;l glq;fis xg;gpl;L ghh;j;J Fwpg;gpl;l vy;iyf;Fl;gl;l gug;gpid rhpahd tptuq;fisf;nfhz;l tiuglq;fis cUthf;Fk; jpwik ngw;wpUe;jdh;.

4. njhiy Ez;Zzh;T El;gj;jpy; Gul;rp 1. 1960y; njhiy Ez;Zzh;T El;gj;

Jiwapy; nraw;iff; Nfhisg; gad;gLj;jpa gpd; xU Gul;rp Vw;gl;lJ.

2. nraw;iff; Nfhspd; cauj;jpypUe;J Gtpapd; ngUk; gug;ig Gifg;glk; vLf;f KbfpwJ.

3. mnkhpf;f If;fpa ehl;L murhy; „thdpiy nraw;iff;Nfhs;‟ TIROS-1 kw;Wk; Gtpts El;g nraw;if Nfhs; LANDSAT Mfpait tpz;zpy; Vtg;gl;lJ.

4. 1986y; gpnuQ;R ehL „];ghl;‟ (SPOT) vd;w nraw;iff; Nfhis mDg;gpaJ.

5. Ie;J gpnuQ;R nraw;iff; Nfhs;fs; tpz;zpay; Vtg;gl;L 10 kpy;ypaDf;F Nky; gjpkq;fis vLj;Js;sd.

6. Gtp ts El;g nraw;iff;Nfhs; (ERTS) tpz;zpy; Vtg;gl;lJ.

2. njhiy Ez;Zzh;T El;;gj;jpd; gFjpfis tpthp. njhiy Ez;Zzh;T El;gk; ehd;F gFjpfis nfhz;Ls;sJ. mit 1. ,yf;F 2. Mw;wy; %yk; 3. gpujpgypf;Fk; top 4. czh;tp Mfpait MFk;.



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1. ,yf;F tpUk;Gk; xU nghUisg; gw;wpa jfty;fisg; ngw Gtpapd; nghUl;fis Neubahf njhlh;G nfhs;shky; jfty;fis Nrfhpj;J gjpT nra;tjhFk;.

2. Mw;wy; %yk; Mw;wy; %ykhd #hpad;; kpd;fhe;j xspf;fw;iwfis Gtpf;$WfSf;F toq;FfpwJ. ,it ,U tiffshf gpupf;fg;gLfpwJ. 1. ,aw;if Kiw 2. nraw;if Kiw

1. ,aw;if Kiw : #upa xspapy; nghUl;fspd; gpujpgypg;G

2. nraw;if Kiw : Nulhu; fUtp %yk; ngwg;gLk; xypia gpujpgypg;gJ.

3. gpujpgypf;Fk; top 1. ,yf;fpd; gz;igAk;> gpujpgypg;igAk;

nghWj;J kpd;fhe;j miyfs; ,yf;Fld; nray;gLfpd;wd.

2. Gtpf;$Wfspd; kPJ tpOk; #hpa xspahdJ kPz;Lk; tspkz;lyj;jpw;F jpUg;gp mDg;gg;gLfpwJ. ,t;thW gpujpgypg;gpd; %yk; ,yf;ifg; gw;wp jfty;fs; czu;tpfSf;F mDg;gg;gLfpwJ.

4. czh;tp czu;tpfs; ngWfpd;w Mw;wiy mbg;gilahf; nfhz;L Jupj czu;tpfs; kw;Wk; ke;j czh;tpfs; vd tifg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd. 1. ke;j czu;tpfs; : ,aw;ifahd ntg;g

Mw;wy; gpujpgypg;gij fz;lwpfpwJ. v.fh : #upa xspapy; Gifg;glf; fUtp %yk; glk; gbg;gJ.

2. Jupj czu;tpfs; : ,yf;fpypUe;J FwpaPLfis ntspg;gLj;jp gpujpgypj;J Mw;wiyAk; msf;f nra;fpwJ. v.fh : Nulhu; fUtp.

3. njhiy Ez;Zzh;T El;gj;jpidg; gad;gLj;Jk; Kiwapid tpthp.

1. #hpad; xU Mw;wy; tsk; (m) 1. njhiy Ez;Zzh;tpy; kpfj;

Njitahd xd;W #hpa Mw;wy; MFk;. 2. ,t;thw;wy; nghUl;fis xspur;nra;fpwJ. 3. nghUl;fSf;F Njitahd kpd;fhe;j

Mw;wiy toq;FfpwJ. 2. #hpa Mw;wYld; tspkz;lyf; $Wfspd;

,ilr;nray; (M) 1. #hpa Mw;wy;Mjhuj;jpypUe;J ,yf;fpw;F

te;jilAk; Kd; gy;NtW tspkz;lyf; $Wfis re;jpj;J ,ilr;nray; GhpfpwJ.

2. kpd;fhe;j njhFg;gpy; xU gFjpapid tspkz;lyj;jpy; cs;s thAf;fs; fpufpf;fpd;wd.

3. Gtpg;gug;Gj; Njhw;wq;fSld; #hpa xspapd; ,ilr;nray; (,) 1. #hpa Mw;wy; ,yf;fpid Nehf;fp

tspkz;lyj;jpd; topNa tUfpwJ. 2. ,r;nray; ,yf;fpd; jd;ikiaAk;>

fjph;fspd; jd;ikiaAk; nghUj;J mikfpwJ.

4. jfty; my;yJ Gs;sp tpguk; Nrfhpg;G (<) ,yf;fpypUe;J Mw;wy; rpjWk;NghNjh my;yJ ntspg;gLk;NghNjh czup kpd;fhe;j miyfis Nrfhpj;J gjpT nra;J nfhs;fpwJ.

5. gjpkj;ij Kiwg;gLj;Jjy; (c) 1. Nrfhpf;fg;gl;l kpd; fhe;j miyfis

kpd; FwpaPLfshf khw;wp Gtp epiyaj;jpw;F mDg;Gfpd;wd.

2. czh;tpapypUe;J ngwg;gLk; kpd;FwpaPLfs; gy;NtW gjpk vz;zhf khw;wg;gLfpd;wd.

6. tptuzk; kw;Wk; gFg;gha;T nra;jy; (C) Kiwg;gLj;jg;gl;l nraw;iff;Nfhs; gjpkq;fisg; gFg;gha;T nra;J jfty; njhFg;ghf gad;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ.

7. gad;ghLfs; (v) njhiy Ez;Zzh;tpd; %yk; ngwg;gl;l

Gjpa jfty;fs; gy;NtW #o;epiyfshy; vOfpd;w gpur;rpidfSf;F jPh;thf mikfpd;wd.

4. njhiy Ez;Zzh;T El;gj;jpd; gad;fis tpthp (SE-15) gad;fs;: 1. tptuq;fis mspj;jy; gue;J tphpe;j epyg;gug;gpidg; gw;wpa

tptuq;fis RUf;fkhf mspf;fpd;wd. 2. tptuq;fis fz;lwpjy;: mZf Kbahj Gtpg;gFjpapd; tptuq;fis

njhiy Ez;Zzh;tpfspd; %yk; fz;lwpayhk;.

3. tptuq;fis jpul;Ljy; Gtpg;gFjpapd; tptuq;fis vspjhfTk;>

NtfkhfTk;> rhpahfTk;> njhlh;e;Jk; jpul;bj; jUfpwJ.



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4. jpl;lq;fSf;F cjTjy;: ehl;L eyj; jpl;lq;fs; jPl;lTk;> jPl;ba jpl;lq;fis KOikahf nray;gLj;jTk; cjTfpwJ. v.fh. ,aw;if rPw;wq;fshd Rdhkp> twl;rp> nts;sk;> Gay; Vw;gLk; ,lq;fis fz;lwpaTk; ghjpf;fg;gl;NlhUf;F epthuzk; mspf;fTk;> kW rPuikg;G tiu vy;yhr; nray;fspYk; gad;gLfpwJ.

5. epytiuglq;fis tiujy;: Nkg;gpayhsh;fs;> kf;fslh;j;jp> kz;tif Nghd;w fUj;J epytiuglq;fis kpfj; Jy;ypakhfTk;> tpiuthfTk; tiua VJthAs;sd.

9. Nguplu; mgha Neu;T Fiwg;G

1. Nghplh; mghaNeh;T Fiwg;gpy; Muk;g Kd;ndr;rhpf;if mikg;gpd; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; gw;wp vOJf. 1. Muk;g Kd;ndr;rhpf;if mikg;G Muk;g Kd;ndr;rupf;if mikg;Gfs;

vdg;gLtJ> mtru fhyf;fl;lq;fspy; mghaNeh;Tfisf; Fiwg;gjw;fhd xU jfty; mspg;Gj; njhFjp vd tptupf;fg;gLfpwJ.

2. ,lh;ghL mikg;G ,j;njhFjp>

1. ,aw;ifg; Gtp ,ay;G ,lh;fs; 2. capupay; rk;ge;jg;gl;l ,lh;fs; 3. rKjha kw;Wk; murpay; rk;ge;jg;gl;l

mtru fhyf;fl;lq;fs; 4. njhopyf kw;Wk; El;gtpay; ,lh;fs; 5. rk;ge;jg;gl;l kw;w ,lh;fspd; NghJ

nray;gLj;Jk; Xh; mikg;ghFk;. 3. Muk;g Kd;ndr;rhpf;if mikg;G $Wfs;

1. Muk;g Kd;ndr;rhpf;if mikg;Gfs; ,y;iynadpy;> gapw;rp kw;Wk; ntspNaw;Wjy; Nghd;w topKiwfs; nghUj;jkw;wjhfptpLk;.

2. NkYk; Muk;g Kd;ndr;rupf;if mikg;G vd;gJ ehd;F Kf;fpa rk;ge;jg;gl;l $Wfis cs;slf;fpaJ MFk;. 1. Mo;e;J ftdpj;jy; kw;Wk; gjpTfisg;

Ghpe;J nfhs;Sjy; 2. mghaNeh;T gw;wpa tpopg;Gzh;T kw;Wk;

milahsk; fhZjy; 3. vr;rhpf;if kw;Wk; gutr; nra;jy; 4. nghUj;jkhd gpujpgypg;G

2. Nghplh; mghaNeh;T Fiwg;gpy; kPl;Gepiyg; gw;wp ePq;fs; mwpe;jtw;iw vOJf. 1. kPl;G

kPl;G vd;gJ> xU NghplUf;Fg; gpd;dh; ,oe;jtw;iwj; jpUk;gg; ngw vLf;Fk; jPh;khdq;fSk;> eltbf;iffSk; vLf;Fk; xU fz;Nzhl;lkhFk;.

2. kPl;Gr; nray; kPl;Gr; nray; r%fj;jpd; jd;ikia Kd;Ndw;wkilar; nra;aTk;> Nkw;nfhz;L Vw;gLk; Nghplh;fis> mth;fs; vjph;nfhs;Sk; jpwidg; gyg;gLj;Jk; nray;ghlhFk;.

3. Kf;fpag; gzpfs; 1) kPl;ghdJ gioa rhjhuzr;

#o;epiyf;F nfhz;L tUtNjhL kl;Lk; ,y;yhky; rkepiy miltjw;Fk; cWjp mspf;fpwJ.

2) ,e;epiyapy; Gduikg;Gk;> kWfl;likj;jYk; Kf;fpa gzpfshf mikfpd;wd.

3) Nghplh; mghaNeh;T Fiwg;G eltbf;iffspd; tsh;r;rp kw;Wk; eilKiwg;gLj;Jjypy; kjpg;Gkpf;f tha;g;ig mspg;gjhfTk; mikfpwJ.

4. jPtpuj;ij Fiwg;gJ r%fr; nray;ghLfs;> gs;spg; Nghplh; Nkyhz;ikf; FO kw;Wk; Nghplh; Nkyhz;ikf; fy;tp Mfpait ,aw;if kw;Wk; kdpjdhy; Vw;gLk; Nghplh;fspd; jPtpuj;ijf; Fiwg;gjpy; Kf;fpag; gq;if tfpf;fpd;wd.

5. MjuTk; topfhl;LjYk; jkpof muR> I.eh. tsh;r;rpj; jpl;lq;fspd; MjuNthLk;> topfhl;LjypdhYk; mghaNeh;T Fiwg;G epfo;r;rpfis Kidg;Gld; nray;gLj;jpf; nfhz;L tUfpwJ.

6. Kf;fpa Nehf;fk; ,e;epfo;r;rpapd; Kjd;ik Nehf;fkhff; fUjg;gLtJ cs;Sh; kf;fspd; jpwid mjpfkhf;FtJ MFk;. 1) KjYjtp 2) Njly; kw;Wk; fhg;ghw;Wk; jpwik 3) Muk;g Kd;ndr;nrupf;if mikg;G

Nghd;wtw;wpy; gapw;rp mspj;J mgha Neh;tpidf; Fiwj;Jr; nray;gl;L tUfpwJ.

3. ,uz;L jzpj;jy; eltbf;iffs; ahit? mtw;iw tpthpf;fTk;. jzpj;jy; eltbf;iffspy; ,uz;L nghJthd Kiwfs; mlq;Fk;. mit 1. fl;likg;G Kiwfs; 2. fl;likg;gpy;yhj Kiwfs; vd;git MFk;. 1. fl;likg;G eltbf;iffspy; cs;slf;fpa

tptuq;fs; : 1. ePiuj; Njf;fp itf;Fk; fiufs; fl;Ljy;

my;yJ fiufisg; gyg;gLj;Jjy;. 2. thdpiy khw;wq;fSf;Fk;> Gtp

mjph;Tf;Fk; jhq;ff;$ba kpd;rf;jpj; njhFjpfisj; jpl;lkpl;L mikj;jy;.

3. fl;llq;fs; fl;Ltjw;Ff; fz;bg;ghd rl;lq;fisAk; FwpKiwfisAk; nray;gLj;j itj;jy;



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4. Gtp mjph;Tfisj; jhq;ff;$ba fl;llq;fs;> fl;lj; jpl;lkpLjy;

5. nghJf; fl;llq;fis mt;tg;nghOJ gOJ ghh;j;Jj; jhq;f ty;yjha; tbtikj;jy;

6. ,lh;fs; Vw;gLk; gug;GfSf;F mg;ghy; tPLfis mikj;jy;.

2. fl;likg;G my;yhj eltbf;if cs;s tptuq;fs; m. Nkyhz;ik xOq;FgLj;Jk; eltbf;iffs;

1. kz;lyq;fshfg; gphpj;Jr; nray;gLjy; 2. flNyhug; gFjpfspy; Nkyhz;ik 3. kiyg;gFjpfspy; Nkyhz;ik 4. kiyr;rhpTg; gFjpfspy; Nkyhz;ik 5. nts;sr; rkntspfspy; tsh;r;rp

Vw;gLkhapd; jilfs; nra;jy; M. r%f Nritfs;

1. fy;tpj; jpl;lq;fspy; Nghplh; Nkyhz;ikr; nray; jpl;lk;.

2. ,aw;if tsq;fspd; gad;ghL gw;wpa epge;jidfs;

3. nfhs;iffs; %yk; ghJfhg;gw;w jpl;lq;fisf; fl;Lg;gLj;Jjy;.

Fbikapay;

1. ,e;jpahTk; cyf mikjpAk;;

1. gQ;rrPyk; kw;Wk; mzpNruhf; nfhs;if gw;wp vOJf. (AP-13,15 SE-12, 14,)

gQ;rrPyk; gpujkh; [t`h;yhy; NeU mikjpf;fhf ,e;jpah rPPPPPPPP PPPPPPPP PPPdh ehLfspilNa gpd;gw;wpa Ie;J mk;r nfhs;iffs; - gQ;rrPyk; vd;W miof;fg;gLfpwJ. 1. xt;nthU ehLk; gpw ehLfspd; xw;Wik

kw;Wk; ,iwahz;ikia kjpj;jy; 2. ve;j xU ehLk; gpwehl;il jhf;ff; $lhJ. 3. ve;j xU ehLk; kw;w ehLfspd;

cs;tptfhuq;fspy; jiyaplf; $lhJ. 4. midj;J ehLfSk; rkj;Jtk; kw;Wk;

gu];gu ey;YwT nfhz;bUf;f Ntz;Lk;. 5. xt;nthU ehLk; gpw ehLfSld;

mikjpahd Kiwapy; ,zq;fpapUj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.

mzpNruhf; nfhs;if 1. ,uz;lhk; cyfg; NghUf;Fg;gpd; mnkhpf;fh>

u\;ah jiyikapy; cyf ehLfs; gphpe;J gdpg;Nghh; eilngw;Wf; nfhz;bUe;jJ.

2. ,e;jpah> ,U ty;yuR ehLfSld; Nruhky; eLepiyik tfpg;gJ> mzpNruhf;nfhs;if.

3. ,t;tpU mzpfSf;fpilapy; fUj;J NtWghLfs; Njhd;wpa rkaj;jpy; ,e;jpah mtw;iwj; jPh;j;J itj;J cyfpy; mikjpia epiyehl;b tUfpwJ.

2. rhh;f; mikg;G gw;wp rpW Fwpg;G tiuf.

(AP-12,14,16, JU-12, 13,14,15 SE-13,15)

1. Nehf;fk; 1. rhu;f; cWg;G ehLfspd; cwit epiyehl;l 2. njw;fhrpahtpy; mikjpia epiyehl;l.

2. Njhw;wk; 1. ,e;jpah Kaw;rpapd; tpisthf rhh;f;

mikg;G 1985 Mk; Mz;L Njhw;Wtpf;fg;gl;lJ.

2. Kjy; $l;lk; - brk;gu; 7> 1985 tq;fhsj;jpd; jiyefu; lhf;fhtpy; eilngw;wJ.

3. ,jd; Kjy; nghJr; nrayhsh; mGy; M\hd; Mthh;.

3. tphpthf;fk; ,J njw;fhrpa ehLfspd; gpuhe;jpaf;

$l;likg;G vd;W miof;fg;gLfpwJ.

4. khehLfs; 1. 1985 – tq;fhsNjrj;jpd; lhf;fh efupy; 2. 2007 – ,e;jpahtpd; nly;ypapy; 3. 2010 – G+lhdpd; jpk;Gtpy; 4. 2014 – Neghsj;jpd; fhl;kz;Ltpy; vd

,Jtiu 18 khehLfs; eilngw;Ws;sJ.

5. cWg;G ehLfs; (PAIN MBBS) ,jpy; vl;L cWg;G ehLfs; cs;sd. 1. ghfp];jhd; 2. Mg;fhdp];jhd; 3. ,e;jpah 4. Neghsk; 5. khyj;jPTfs; 6. g+lhd; 7. gq;fshNj\; 8. ,yq;if

6. nray;ghLfs; (SHARP - T3) ehLfs; jq;fSf;Fs; 1. thdpay; 2. Rfhjhuk; 3. Ntshz;ik 4. fpuhkGduikg;G 5. fbj Nrit 6. Nghf;Ftuj;J 7. Rw;Wyh 8. jfty; njhlh;G Nghd;wtw;wpy; cjtp nra;J nfhs;Sjy;.

2. kf;fshl;rp;; 1. [dehaj;jpd; tiffs; kw;Wk; Kf;fpaj;Jtk;

gw;wp tpsf;F. (JU-14)

[dehafj;jpd; tiffs; 1. Neub kf;fshl;rp 2. kiwKf kf;fshl;rp

1. Neub kf;fshl;rp 1. kf;fs; Neubahf kf;fshl;rpapy; gq;Nfw;gh;. 2. gz;ila fpNuf;fk; kw;Wk; Nuhkhdpa

ehfhpfj;jpy; eilngw;W te;jJ. 3. gz;ila ,e;jpahtpy; fpuhk gQ;rhaj;J

Kiwapy; Neub kf;fshl;rp eilngw;wJ.



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2. kiwKf kf;fshl;rp 1. kf;fs; Neubahf gq;F ngWtij

tpLj;J> jq;fs; gpujpepjpfs; %yk; gq;F ngWfpd;wdh;.

2. kf;fshy; Njh;e;njLf;fg;gl;l gpujpepjpfs; murhq;fj;ij cUthf;fp elj;Jth;.

3. ngUk;ghyhd ehLfspy; kiwKf kf;fshl;rp Kiw gpd;gw;wg;gLfpwJ.

4. murpay; fl;rpfs; Ml;rpKiwapy; ngUk; gq;F tfpf;fpd;wd.

kf;fshl;rpapd; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; 1. kf;fshy; Njh;e;njLf;fg;gl;l gpujpepjpfs;

kjpf;fg;gLfpd;wdh;. 2. kf;fspd; mbg;gil chpikfSf;F

ghJfhg;G kw;Wk; cj;jputhjk; toq;FfpwJ.

3. KbTfs; kf;fs; eyid Nkd;ikaila nra;fpwJ.

4. Rje;jpuk;> rkj;Jtk; kw;Wk; rNfhjuj;Jtk; Nghd;w nfhs;iffs; [dehafj;jpw;F mbg;gilahf tpsq;FfpwJ.

2. Njh;jy; Kiwia gw;wp Fwpg;gpl;L mtw;iwg; gw;wp tpsf;fk; jUf. (AP-12, JU-13,15,SE-15)

Njh;jy; tiffs; 1. Neubj; Njh;jy; 2. kiwKfj; Njh;jy;

1. Neubj; Njh;jy; 1. Fbkf;fs; Neubahf thf;fspj;J jq;fs;

gpujpepjpfis Njh;e;njLf;Fk; Kiw Neubj; Njh;jy; Kiw vdg;gLk;.

2. ,e;jpahtpy; ehlhSkd;wk; kw;Wk; rl;lkd;wj; Njh;jy; Neubj; Njh;jy; %yk; Njh;e;njLf;fg;gLfpd;wdh;.

3. ,ilj;Njh;jYk;> ,ilg;gUtj; Njh;jYk; Neubj; Njh;jy; Kiwapy; eilngWfpd;wd.

1. ,ilj; Njh;jy; xU njhFjpapy; Njh;e;njLf;fg;gl;l

Ntl;ghsh;> kuzkile;jhNyh> gjtpia tpl;L tpyfpdhNyh ,t;tplj;ij epug;g mj;njhFjpapy; kl;Lk; eilngWk; Njh;jy; ,ilj;Njh;jy; vdg;gLk;.

2. ,ilg; gUtj; Njh;jy; ehlhSkd;wNkh> rl;lkd;wNkh gjtp

fhyk; KbAk; Kd;Ng fiyf;fg;gl;lhy;> kPz;Lk; elj;jg;gLk; Njh;jy; ,ilg;gUtj; Njh;jy; vdg;gLk;.

2. kiwKfj; Njh;jy; 1. Fbkf;fs; Neubahf jq;fsJ

thf;Ffis mspf;fhky;> jq;fs; gpujpepjpfisf; nfhz;L cWg;gpdh;fis Njh;e;njLf;Fk; Kiw kiwKfj; Njh;jy; vd;fpNwhk;.

2. ehlhSkd;w Nky;rig cWg;gpdh;fs;> FbauRj; jiyth; kw;Wk; Jiz FbauRj; jiyth; MfpNahh; kiwKfj; Njh;jy; %yk; Njh;e;njLf;fg;gLfpd;wdh;.

3. [dehafj;jpy;; vjph;fl;rpapd; gq;fpid tpsf;F. (SE-13, AP-14,16, SE-14)

1. mLj;j ngUk;ghd;ik fl;rp MSq;fl;rpf;F mLj;jg;gbahf ngUk;ghd;ik ,lq;fis ngWk; fl;rp mq;fPfhpf;fg;gl;l vjph;fl;rpahFk;.

2. fz;fhzpg;gJ MSk; fl;rp vNjr;rjpfhu kdg;ghd;ikAld; nray;glhky; ,Uf;fTk;> mth;fspd; mjpfhuq;fis tiuaWf;fTk;> mth;fis fz;fhzpf;fTk; vjph;f;fl;rpfs; Kf;fpa gzpia Nkw;nfhs;fpd;wd.

3. tpkh;rpg;gJ MSk; fl;rp jq;fsJ mjpfhuq;fis jtwhd Kiwapy; gad;gLj;Jk;NghJ rl;l rigf;F ntspNa nra;jpj;jhs;fs; kw;Wk; Clfq;fs; %yk; tpkh;rpg;gJ vjph;fl;rpapd; Kf;fpa NtiyahFk;.

4. mwpAk; chpik murhq;fj;jpd; nrytpdq;fis mwpe;J nfhs;Sk; KO chpik vjph;fl;rpf;F cz;L. MSk;fl;rpapd; epiw Fiwfis ntspg;gLj;Jjy;

5. Nfs;tp Nfl;gJ jtwhd Kiwapy; MSq;fl;rpapdh; mjpfhuq;fis gad;gLj;Jk;NghJ rl;l rigapy; Nfs;tp Nfl;gJ Kf;fpa flikahFk;. MSk; fl;rpapdu; mjpfhuq;fis jtwhf gad;gLj;Jtjw;F jilahf ,Uj;jy;.

6. rkkhd mjpfhuk; vjpu;fl;rp jiytu; MSk;fl;rp mikr;rUf;F rkkhd mjpfhuk; cilatu;.

3. Ntw;Wikapy; xw;Wik 1. Ntw;Wikapy; xw;Wikia guhkhpg;gjpy;> nkhop

kw;Wk; ,yf;fpak; vt;thW cjtp Ghpfpd;wd vd;gij tpsf;Ff. (AP-15)

1. nkhop 1. ,e;jpa kf;fs; jkpo;> njYq;F> fd;dlk;>

kiyahsk;> `pe;jp> cUJ> rk];fpUjk;> F[uhj;jp kw;Wk; tq;fhs nkhopfisAk; tl;lhu nkhopfisAk; NgRfpd;wdh;.

2. ,e;jpahtpy; 845 nkhopfs; Ngrg;gl;lhYk; 22 nkhopfs; mYtyf nkhopfshf murhq;fj;jhy; mq;fPfupf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.

3. Njtehfup tbtpyhd `pe;jp Njrpa nkhopahf Njh;T nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ.

4. Mq;fpyk; mYtyf njhlHG nkhopahf gad;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ.

5. ,izg;G fUtpahd nkhop jw;rkak; ek; nkhopg; Nghd;Nw gpw nkhopfisAk; cah;thf fUjpdhy;> rNfhjuj;Jtj;jpw;F cjtpahf mikAk;.



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2. ,yf;fpak; 1. ,uhkhazKk;> kfhghujKk; ,e;jpahtpd;

,jpfhrq;fshFk;. 2. jpUts;Stuhy; ,aw;wg;gl;l jpUf;Fws;

cyfg; nghJkiwahf Nghw;wg;gLfpwJ. 3. gftj; fPij ,e;Jf;fspd; Gdpj E}yhFk;. 4. ckWg;Gythpd; rPwhg;Guhzk; KfkJ

egpapd; tho;f;ifia gw;wp $WfpwJ. 5. tPukhKdptuhy; ,aw;wg;gl;l Njk;ghtzp

fpwpj;Jt kjj;Jld; njhlh;GilaJ. 6. gpw nkhop ,yf;fpaq;fSk; ,d kj

NtWghbd;wp tpUk;gp gbf;fpd;wdh;.

2. Njrpa xUikg;ghL gw;wp vOJf. (AP-13,

JU-12,13 SE-12)

1. Gtpapay; mikg;G kf;fspd; tho;f;if Kiw> gof;f tof;fq;fs;> rka ek;gpf;iffs;> nkhop> czT> cilfs; Nghd;wit Gtpapay; mikg;ig xl;b NtWgLfpd;wd.

2. ghuk;ghpak; kdpjhgpkhdk;> rka czh;T> rNfhjuj;Jtk;> el;G> rfpg;Gj; jd;ik Nghd;w ,e;jpa ghuk;ghpak; ,e;jpah;fis xw;WikAld; tho top nra;fpwJ.

3. Njrpa rpd;dq;fs; Njrpa rpd;dq;fs;> Njrpaf; nfhb> Njrpa fPjk; Nghd;wit Njrpa xUikg;ghl;il tsh;f;fpd;wd.

4. ,e;jpa fyhr;rhuk; xd;W gl;lhy; cz;L tho;T vd;gjw;Nfw;g ,e;jpa xw;Wik rpe;J rkntsp fhyj;jpypUe;J ,e;jpa fyhr;rhuj;ij epiyehl;l cjtp tUfpwJ.

5. ghujj; jhapd; gps;isfs; midtUk; ghuj jhapd; gp;s;isfs; vd;w vz;zk; kw;Wk; czh;T> ,e;jpah;fs; midtUk; rNfhju> rNfhjupfs; vd;w vz;zk; Nghd;wit ,e;jpa xUikg;ghl;il tsh;f;f nghpJk; cjTfpd;wd.

4. Efh;Nthh; chpikfs;;; 1. Efh;Nthh; chpikfs; gw;wp vOJf. (AP-12,

14, 16, JU-14, SE-13,14)

1. nghUl;fis gw;wpa mwpT nghUl;fspd; 1. juk; 2. msT 3. jd;ik 4. mjDila cz;ik epiy 5. tpiy Mfpatw;iw njspthf

njhpag;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;.

2. epahakhd tpiy nghUs;fs; epahakhd tpiyapy;

,Uf;fpwjh> ,y;iyah vd;W nrhy;tjw;F chpik ngw;Ws;sdh;.

3. jPh;T Efh;Nthhpd; eyd;fs;> rk;ge;jg;gl;l Jiwfs;

%yk; jPu;T nra;ag;gl Ntz;Lk;.

4. jfty; mwpAk; rl;lk; 2005 mf;Nlhgh; 12k; ehs; jfty; mwpAk;

rl;lk; ghuhSkd;wj;jpy; epiwNtw;wg;gl;lJ.

5. mbg;gil cupik ,jd; %yk;. kf;fs; midj;J

eltbf;iffisAk; mwpe;J nfhs;fpd;wdh;. ,J mth;fspd; mbg;gil chpikahFk;. 6. vjpu;g;gpid njuptpf;Fk; cupik Efu;Nthupd; nghUl;fs; mtu;fsJ

tho;f;iff;F mtu;fsJ nrhj;jpw;Fk; ghJfhg;gpid Vw;gLj;Jk; Ntisapy; mtu;fs; me;jg; nghUl;fisf; Fwpj;Jk; jq;fsJ vjpu;g;gpidf; njuptpf;Fk; cupik cs;sJ.

2. Efh;Nthiug; ghJfhf;f jkpof muR Nkw;nfhz;Ls;s eltbf;iffs; ahit?

(AP-13,15,JU-12,15 SE-12,15) 1. Efh;Nthh; fofq;fs; midj;J tifahd fy;tp epWtdq;fspy;

Efh;Nthh; fofq;fs; mikj;jy;.

2. FbapUg;Nghh; rq;fq;fs; Cuhl;rp gpujpepjpfs; %yk; fpuhkq;fspYk;>

efuq;fspy; FbapUg;Nghh; rq;fq;fis cUthf;Fjy;.

3. fUj;juq;Ffs; kfsph; Ra cjtpf; FOf;fs;> gQ;rhaj;J

FOf;fs; %yk; fUj;juq;Ffs; %yk; tpopg;Gzh;T Vw;gLj;Jjy; kw;Wk; gapw;rp mspf;fg;gLfpwJ.

4. khj ,jo; “jkpo;ehL Efh;Nthh; ftrk;” khj ,jopd;

%yk; kf;fSf;F tpopg;Gzh;T cz;lhf;fg;gLfpwJ.

5. gpur;rhuk; tu;j;jf fz;fhl;rp> Efu;Nthu; tpoh>

thdpiy> njhiyf;fhl;rp kw;Wk; FWk;glq;fs; %yk; nghJkf;fsplk; gpur;rhuk; nra;ag;gLfpwJ.

6. tpopg;Gzu;T Efu;Nthu; rq;fq;fs; jkpof muRld;

,ize;J Efu;NthUf;Fj; Njitahd mwptpidAk;> tpopg;Gzu;itAk; Vw;gLj;jp tUfpd;wd. ifNgrp %yk; Efu;Nthu; cupikfs; Fwpj;J tpopg;Gzu;it Vw;gLj;jp tUfpd;wd.



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nghUspay;

1. ehl;L tUkhdk;

1. ehl;L tUkhdj;jpd; ,uz;L mbg;gil fUj;Jf;fis tpthp (AP-14,16, SE-13)

1. nkhj;j ehl;L cw;gj;jp 1. xU ehl;by; Xuhz;by; cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gLk;

nghUl;fs; kw;Wk; gzpfspd; kjpg;G. 2. me;ehl;L kf;fs; Xuhz;by; <l;ba tUkhdk;. 3. ntspehl;L KjyPl;bd; %yk; fpilf;Fk;

,yhgk;. ,it %d;Wk; Nrh;e;jNj nkhj;j ehl;L cw;gj;jpahFk;

2. nkhj;j cs;ehl;L cw;gj;jp 1. xU ehl;bd; Gtpapay; vy;iyf;Fs; Xh;

Mz;by; cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gl;l nghUl;fs; kw;Wk; gzpfspd; nkhj;j kjpg;ghFk;.

2. me;jg; nghUl;fs; me;ehl;bw;F nrhe;jkhd cw;gj;jpf; fhuzpfshy; cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gl;bUf;f Ntz;Lk;.

3. epfu ehl;L cw;gj;jp 1. nkhj;j ehl;L cw;gj;jpapy; ,Ue;J

Nja;khdr; nryit fopj;j gpd; fpilf;Fk; gz kjpg;G epfu ehl;L cw;gj;jpahFk;.

2. epfu ehl;L cw;gj;jp = nkhj;j ehl;L cw;gj;jp (-) Nja;khdnryT.

4. epfu cs;ehl;L cw;gj;jp 1. xU ehl;bd; nkhj;j cw;gj;jpapy; ,Ue;J

Nja;khdr; nryit fopj;jhy; fpilg;gJ epfu cs;ehl;L cw;gj;jp.

2. epfu cs;shl;L cw;gj;jp = nkhj;j cs;ehl;L cw;gj;jp (-) Nja;khdnryT.

5. jyh tUkhdk; 1. ehl;L kf;fspd; tho;f;ifj; juj;ij

msf;f gad;gLk; fUtp jyh tUkhdk;. 2. ehl;L tUkhdj;ij me;ehl;bd; nkhj;j

kf;fs; njhifahy; tFf;f fpilf;Fk; <T jyh tUkhdk; MFk;.

2. ehl;L tUkhdj;ij mwptjd; mtrpak; ahJ? (AP-12, 15 SE-12,15)

1. nghUshjhu epiyia fzf;fpl xU ehl;bd; nghUshjhu nray;ghLfspd; epiyia fzf;fpl gad;gLfpwJ.

2. nghUl;fspd; kjpg;ig mwpa xU ehl;bd; cw;gj;jp nghUl;fs; kw;Wk; gzpfspd; kjpg;ig mwpag; gad;gLfpwJ.

3. tUkhdj;ij xg;gpl;L ghh;f;f xU ehl;bd; nghUshjhu tsh;r;rpapd; Nghf;ifAk; Ntfj;ijAk; Ke;ija Mz;Lfspd; tUkhdj;ij xg;gpl;L ghh;f;f gad;gLfpwJ.

4. gpw ehLfSld; xg;gpl gpw ehl;L tUkhdj;Jld; xg;gpl;L ghh;f;fTk; gad;gLfpwJ.

5. Jiwfis mwpa ehl;L tUkhdj;jpy; Kjd;ikj;Jiw> ,uz;lhk; Jiw kw;Wk; gzpfs; Jiw gq;fspg;gpd; mikg;ig mwpa gad;gLfpwJ.

6. jpl;lq;fs; tFf;f nghUshjhu tsh;r;rpia mjpfhpf;f Ntz;b muR nfhs;iffis tFf;fTk; jpl;lkplTk; gad;gLfpwJ.

3. ehl;L tUkhdj;ij fzf;fpLk; Kiwfis tpthp. (AP-13, 15 JU-13)

ehl;L tUkhdk; xU ehl;by; xU tUlj;jpy; cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gLk; nghUl;fs; kw;Wk; gzpfspd; nkhj;j kjpg;gpd; msNt ehl;L tUkhdk; vd;wiof;fg;gLfpwJ.

ehl;L tUkhdk; fzf;fpLk; Kiwfs; ehl;L tUkhdk; %d;W Kiwfspy; fzf;fplg;gLfpwJ. mit

1. cw;gj;jp Kiw 2. tUkhd Kiw 3. nrytpd Kiw

1. cw;gj;jp Kiw ehl;by; cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gLk; nghUl;fs; kw;Wk; gzpfspd; nkhj;j kjpg;ig fzf;fpy; itj;Jf; nfhz;L ,k;Kiwapy; ehl;L tUkhdk; fzf;fplg;gLfpwJ.

2. tUkhdKiw ehl;bYs;s midj;J kf;fspd; tUkhdj;ij mbg;gilahff; nfhz;L ehl;L tUkhdk; fzf;fplg;gLfpwJ.

3. nrytpd Kiw kf;fspd; EfUk; nghUl;fSf;fhd nryT> KjyPL> Nrkpg;G Mfpa %d;wpd; mbg;gilapy; ehl;L tUkhdk; fzf;fplg;gLfpwJ.

,e;jpahtpy; nghJthf cw;gj;jp Kiw kw;Wk; tUkhd Kiwapy; ehl;L tUkhdk; fzf;fplg;gLfpwJ.

4. eyk; ehLk; muRfspd; gzpfis tpthp.

(JU-13, SE-14)

1. ghJfhg;G rhh;e;j gzpfs; 1. xU ehl;by; mikjp epytpdhy; kl;LNk

nghUshjhu Kd;Ndw;wk; mila ,aYk; 2. kf;fis me;epa gilnaLg;G kw;Wk;

cs;ehl;L fytuq;fspy; ,Ue;J ghJfhf;f Ntz;Lk;

3. rl;lk; xOq;if ghJfhg;gJ murpd; Kjd;ikg; gzpahFk;.

2. eph;thfk; rhh;e;j gzpfs; 1. kf;fs; gzpahw;Wtjw;F rl;lkd;wk;>

eph;thfk; kw;Wk; ePjpj;Jiw %d;Wk;



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murpd; Kf;fpa myFfshf nray;gLfpwJ.

2. kf;fSf;F eph;thfk; %yk; ghJfhg;G mspf;fg;gLfpwJ.

3. r%f ghJfhg;G rhh;e;j gzpfs; 1. murhdJ r%f ghJfhg;G gzpfshf 2. Viofs; 3. cly; eykw;Nwhh; kw;Wk; 4. Ntiyaw;Nwhh;fSf;F epthuz

cjtpfis mspf;fpwJ. 5. ,jdhy; rKjhaj;jpy; eypTw;Nwhh;

gadilfpd;wdh;.

4. nghUshjhuk; rhh;e;j gzpfs; 1. Ntshz;ik> tzpfk; kw;Wk; njhopy;

tsh;r;rpf;fhf gy;NtW eltbf;iffis muR Nkw;nfhs;fpwJ.

2. tq;fpj; Jiwapd; nray;ghLfs; nghUshjhu tsh;r;rpia ikakhf nfhz;L eilngWfpd;wd.

2. tpLjiyf;Fg;gpd; ,e;jpag; nghUshjhuk;;; 1. gjpNdhuhtJ Ie;jhz;L jpl;lj;jpd;

Nehf;fq;fis tptup (AP-12, 13,15 JU-15

SE-12, 13,14,15)

gjpNdhuhtJ Ie;jhz;L jpl;lj;jpd; (2007-2012) Nehf;fk; 1. Ntshz; Muha;r;rpia Cf;fg;gLj;Jjy; 2. Ntiy tha;g;Gfis tphpthf;Fjy;. 3. tWikia xopj;jy; 4. fpuhkg;Gw fl;likg;G trjpfis ngUf;Fjy;. 5. kpd;rhuk;> cuq;fSf;fhd khdpaj;ij

Fiwj;jy;. 6. njhlf;ff; fy;tpapy; ,ilepw;wiy Fiwj;jy;. 7. Rw;Wr;#oy; ghJfhg;ig cWjpnra;jy;. 8. ePh;ghrdk;> fpuhk kpd;kakhjy;> fpuhk

rhiyfs; Nkk;gLj;j muR KjyPl;il mjpfhpj;jy;

2. gRikg; Gul;rpia tpsf;Ff. (AP-12, 13, 16,

JU-14, SE-13, 14,15)

1. mwpKfk; 1967Mk; Mz;L ,e;jpahtpy; gRikg;Gul;rp mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ.

2. Nehf;fk; ,e;jpah czT cw;gj;jpapy; jd;dpiwT milar; nra;tJ

3. epyr;rPu;jpUj;jk; Mr;rhu;a tpNdhghghNtapd; g+kpjhd ,af;fj;jpd; tpisthf gy kpy;ypad; Vf;fu; epyq;fs; ViofSf;F jhdkhf toq;fpajhy; gRikg;Gul;rpf;F cWJizahf jpfo;e;jJ.

4. ,e;jpa Ntshz; Muha;r;rp epWtdk; ,e;jpa Ntshz; Muha;r;rp epWtdk; gRikg; Gul;rp vd;w nray;Kiwia epyr;rPh;j;jpUj;jk; mjpf tpisr;ry; jUk;

tPhpaKs;s tpijfs; gad;ghL kw;Wk; Nkk;gLj;jg;gl;l ghrd trjpfs; %ykhf mwpKfg;gLj;jpaJ.

5. cw;gj;jp mjpfhpg;G gRikg; Gul;rp vd;gNj NfhJik kw;Wk; mhprp Nghd;w czTg; gaph; cw;gj;jp mjpfhpj;jJ. mjw;fhf tPhpaKs;s tpij> ePh;ghrd trjpfs;> ,urhad cuq;fs;> g+r;rpf; nfhy;yp kUe;Jfs; gad;gLj;jg;gl;ld.

6. Ntshz; gy;fiyf;fofq;fs; mjpf tpisr;ry; jUk; tpijfis gad;gLj;Jtjw;F ,e;jpa Ntshz; Muha;r;rp epWtdKk;> Y}jpahdh> ge;j; efh;> Nfhak;Gj;J}h; Ntshz; gy;fiyf;fofq;fSk; Kf;fpa fhuzq;fs; MFk;.

7. cw;gj;jp jd;dpiwT gRik Gul;rpapd; tpisthf NfhJik kw;Wk; mhprp cw;gj;jpapy; ,e;jpah jd;dpiwT mile;jJ.

3. 1991 Mk; Mz;bd; nghUshjhu rPh;jpUj;jj;ij tptup (AP-14,16, JU-12, 13)

1. Gjpa nghUshjhu nfhs;if – 1991 1. 1991Mk; Mz;L ,e;jpahtpy; Gjpa

nghUshjhu nfhs;iffs; tFf;fg;gl;lJ 2. rpW njhopy;fs; kw;Wk; Fbirj;

njhopy;fSf;F gy;NtW rYiffs; toq;fg;gl;ld.

3. me;epa ehl;L KjyPl;il tuNtw;wJ. 4. jdpahh; KjyPl;il Cf;Ftpj;jJ.

2. Nehf;fq;fs; (LPG) 1. jhuhskakhjy; 2. jdpahh; kakhjy; 3. cyfkakhjy;

1. jhuhskakhjy; 1. jhuhskakhjy; vd;gJ jdpahh; njhopy;

epWtdq;fSf;fhd tpjpKiwfisAk;> fl;Lg;ghLfisAk;> jpUk;g ngWtjhFk;.

2. kpd; cw;gj;jpapy; jdpahh; Jiw nray;glmDkjp toq;fg;gl;lJ.

2. jdpahh; kakhjy; 1. muRj; Jiw epWtdq;fis jdpahh;

clikahf;Ftij jdpahh; kakhjy; 2. nghJg; gad;ghL gzpfspy; jdpahh;

JiwAk; nray;gl mDkjp mspg;gjhFk;.

3. cyfkakhjy; 1. xU ehl;bd; mq;fhbfis gd;dhl;L

mq;fhbfSld; njhlh;GgLj;JtNj cyfkakhjy; MFk;.

2. %yg;nghUl;fis gy ehLfspypUe;J ngw;W gz;lq;fis cw;gj;jp nra;J cyf ehLfSf;F tpw;gidf;F mDg;gp itj;jy;.



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3. mjpNtf njhopy;kakhf;fy; 1. njhopy;kakhjiy tpiuTgLj;j njhopy;

cupkk; toq;Fk; Kiw ,uj;J nra;jJ. 2. nghJj;Jiw> jdpahu; Jiwapd;

xUq;fpize;j nray;ghL Nghd;w nray;ghLfis muR Nkw;nfhz;lJ.

4. rpW njhopy; kw;Wk; Fbirj; njhopy;fs; rYiffs; rpW njhopy;fs; kw;Wk; Fbirj; njhopy;fs; tsu;r;rpaila gy;NtW rYiffs; toq;fg;gl;ld.

5. gd;dhl;L epWtdq;fs; mDkjp 1. nghUshjhu rPu;jpUj;jj;jpd; fhuzkhf

may;ehl;L KjyPL ,e;jpahtpy; gd;klq;fhf mjpfupj;jJ.

2. Nehf;fpah> Nghu;L> Fz;lha; kw;Wk; vy; mz;L b Nghd;w epWtdq;fs; ,e;jpahtpy; njhopy; epWtdq;fisj; njhlq;Ftjd; %ykhf KjyPLfis Nkw;nfhz;ld.

4. jkpo;ehl;bd; kpd;rf;jp jpl;lq;fis tptup.

(AP-14, JU-13, 14,SE-12)

1. mdy;kpd; rf;jp cw;gj;jp 1. vz;Z}h; 2. J}j;Jf;Fb 3. nea;Ntyp 4. Nkl;^h; Mfpa ,lq;fspy; epyf;fhpiaf; nfhz;L mdy; kpd; cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gLfpwJ.

2. ePh; kpd; epiyaq;fs; 1. Nkl;^h; 2. Fe;jh 3. nghpahh; miz 4. NfhijahW miz 5. igf;fhuh 6. rpq;fhuh 7. khahhpy; ePh; kpd; epiyaq;fs; mike;Js;sd.

3. mZkpd; rf;jp cw;gj;jp 1. fy;ghf;fk; 2. $lq;Fsj;jpy; mZtpypUe;J kpd; rf;jp

cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gLfpwJ. 4. fhw;W kpd; rf;jp

1. Nfhak;Gj;J}h; 2. fd;dpahFkhp 3. J}j;Jf;Fb 4. jpUney;Ntyp 5. ,uhkehjGuk; Nghd;w khtl;lq;fspy; fhw;wpypUe;J kpd; rf;jp cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gLfpwJ.

5. capup nghUl;fs; vhprf;jp 1. jUkGhp 2. ehkf;fy; khtl;lq;fspy; Ntshz; fopTg; nghUl;fspypUe;J kuG rhuh kpd; cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gLfpwJ.



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10-k; tFg;G r%ftpay; fhyf;NfhL ntw;wpf;F top


fhyf;NfhL tvz; tUlk; epfo;Tfs;

1. 1885. ,e;jpa Njrpa fhq;fpu]; Njhw;wk; 2. 1886. lhf;lu; Kj;Jnyl;Rkp gpwg;G 3. 1887. rj;jpa%u;j;jp gpwg;G 4. 1888. 5. 1889. 6. 1890. 7. 1891. mk;Ngj;fhu; gpwg;G 8. 1892. 9. 1893. cyf rka khehL 10. 1894. 11. 1895. 12. 1896. kfhj;kh fhe;jp nrd;id kfh[d

rigapy; ciuahw;Wjy; 13. 1897. ,uhkfpU\;z ,af;fj;jpd; Kjy;

klk; epWTjy; 14. 1898. 15. 1899. 16. 1900. 17. 1901. 18. 1902. 19. 1903. fhkuh[u; gpwg;G 20. 1904. jpUg;G+u; Fkud; gpwg;G 21. 1905. tq;f gphptpid> RNjrp ,af;fk; 22. 1906. K];yPk; yPf; Njhw;wk; 23. 1907. #uj;gpsT 24. 1908. M];jpupah Ngh];dpahit

,izj;jy; 25. 1909. kpz;Nlh-khh;yp rPh;jpUj;j rl;lk;>

mz;zh gpwg;G 26. 1910. 27. 1911. tq;f gphptpid ePf;fk; 28. 1912. 29. 1913. 30. 1914. Kjy; cyfg; Nghh; njhlf;fk; 31. 1915. 32. 1916. jd;dhl;rp ,af;fk;> yf;Ndh xg;ge;jk; 33. 1917. Mf];L mwpf;if 34. 1918. Kjy; cyfg; Nghh; KbT 35. 1919. khz;NlF nrk;];Nghh;L rPh;jpUj;j

rl;lk;> nusyl; rl;lk;> [hypad; thyhghf; gLnfhiy> ghhP]; mikjp khehL> fpyhgj; ,af;fk;

36. 1920. xj;Jioahik ,af;fk; njhlq;Fjy;> ePjpf;fl;rp Ml;rp mikj;jy;> jpyfu; kiwT

37. 1921. ghujpahu; kiwT> ngz;fSf;F thf;Fupik> tupnfhlh ,af;fk;

38. 1922. nrshp nrsuh rk;gtk;> xj;Jioahik ,af;fk; iftply;

39. 1923. Rauh[;[paf; fl;rp Njhw;wk; 40. 1924. gzpahsu; Nju;Tthupak; Vw;gLj;jy;>

itf;fk; Nghuhl;lk;

41. 1925. Rauh[;[paf; fl;rp fiyg;G> Me;jpuh gy;fiyf;fofk; njhlf;fk;> Rakupahij ,af;fk; Njhw;Wtpj;jy;> rp.Mu;.jh];> Rg;ukzpa rpth kiwT

42. 1926. ,e;J rka mwepiyar; rl;lk; 43. 1927. irkd; FO mikf;fg;gl;lJ> kfj;

khu;r; Nguzp 44. 1928. irkd; FO ,e;jpah tUif 45. 1929. yh$h; fhq;fpu]; khehL>

mz;zhkiyg; gy;fiyf;fofk; njhlf;fk;> nghJg;gzpahsu; Nju;T thupak; Vw;gLj;jy;

46. 1930. cg;G rj;jpahfpufk;> rl;l kWg;G ,af;fk;> jz;bahj;jpiu> Kjy; tl;l Nkir khehL> g+dh ngz;fs; khehL

47. 1931. fhe;jp-,h;tpd; xg;ge;jk;> ,uz;lhk; tl;l Nkir khehL

48. 1932. tFg;Gthj mwpf;if> G+dh xg;ge;jk;> %d;whk; tl;l Nkir khehL

49. 1933. 50. 1934. 51. 1935. ,e;jpa muRr; rl;lk; 52. 1936. 53. 1937. ,uh[h[p nrd;id khfhz

Kjyikr;ruhjy;> ePjpf;fl;rp Njhy;tp 54. 1938. Nejh[p ,.Nj.fhq;fpurpd; jiytuhjy; 55. 1939. ,uz;lhk; cyfg; Nghh; Jtf;fk;>

Rgh\; Kw;Nghf;F fl;rp njhlq;Fjy;> rj;jpa%u;j;jp nrd;id Nkauhjy;

56. 1940. Mf];L ed;nfhil> ghfp];jhd; jdpehL Nfhhpf;if

57. 1941. 58. 1942. fphpg;]; J}Jf; FO ,e;jpah tUif>

nts;isaNd ntspNaW ,af;fk; 59. 1943. fhgpdl; J}Jf; FO ,e;jpah tUif>

Rgh\; ,e;jpa tpLjiy fofj;jpd; jiyikg; nghWg;ig Vw;wy;> rj;jpa%u;j;jp kiwT

60. 1944. jpuhtplu; fofk; Njhw;Wtpj;jy; 61. 1945. ,uz;lhk; cyfg; Nghh; KbT 62. 1946. ,e;jpahtpy; ,ilf;fhy muR>

mikr;ruitj; J}Jf;FO 63. 1947. kTz;l;Ngl;ld; jpl;lk;> ,e;jpa

tpLjiyr; rl;lk;> ,e;jpah Rje;jpuk; 64. 1948. fhe;jpabfspd; kiwT 65. 1949. ,e;jpa murpayikg;G rl;lk; Vw;G>

jpuhtpl Kd;Ndw;wf; fofk; njhlq;Fjy;> nrd;idapy; Gw;WNeha; kUj;Jtkid njhlf;fk;

66. 1950. ,e;jpah [dehaf Fbaurhf kyh;jy;> ,e;jpa murpayikg;Gr; rl;lk; eilKiwf;F tUjy;

Nkw;fz;l epfo;Tfis tupirfpukkhf epidtpy; itj;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs ;



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10-k; tFg;G r%ftpay; fhyf;NfhL ntw;wpf;F top


muRj;Nju;T tpdhf;fs; 1. 1885 – 1919 (Ju-13)

2. 1900 – 1920 (Ju-12) (Se-13)

3. 1920 – 1940 (Ap-13,16, JU-15)

4. 1930 – 1950 (Ap-12,15) (Se-12)

5. 1910 – 1930 (Ap-14)

6. 1920 – 1950 (Ju-14) (Se-14,15)

fhyf;NfhL (1885-1920)

fhyf;NfhL (1900-1920)

fhyf;NfhL (1920-1940)

fhyf;NfhL (1930-1950)



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