Restoration and congress system

Political changes

Imperialism

Exploration and encounter

Communism, fascism, democracy, 1917 1939

Industrialization

Transformations of thought

The enlightenment

The Medieval Era

Diplomacy and war, 1919 1945

Empires of slavery the americas

Religious wars & new order in science

Renaissance & Reformation

Diplomacy and world war, 1871 – 1919