Post on 28-Jan-2015
description
Zend FrameworkQuick Start Walk Through
Bradley Holt<bradley.holt@foundline.com>
Found Line
Introduction
Zend Framework is a "glue" framework that also provides an MVC "stack."Provides much flexibility but "best practices" are still sometimes hard to figure out (there are proposals that address this such as Zend_Console & Zend_Build).This presentation will focus mainly on what is suggested in Zend Framework documentation.
Why We Chose Zend Framework
Clear separation between design and development (MVC)Gives a starting point for code reuse (coding standards, namespace organization, etc.)"Use-at-will" architecture - if I don't like something I can extend or replace itGreat documentationPermissive open source license (modified BSD)Doesn't hurt to have "The PHP Company" behind it
Resources
Zend Framework installationZend_Controller quick startExample web application on Google Code
Installation
Make sure you have PHP 5.1.4 or later (full system requirements).Download the latest stable release, download the latest nightly snapshot, or use a Subversion (SVN) client to get a copy of Zend Framework.Make sure your PHP include_path contains the path to the Zend Framework library.Zend Framework contains many components that may now be used in your web application even if you decide not to use Zend Framework MVC.
Zend Framework MVC Overview
Model - many options including Zend_Db & Zend_ServiceView - Zend_ViewController - Zend_ControllerZend_Controller_Front uses a Front Controller pattern.Incoming requests are dispatched to Action Controllers based on the requested URL:
http://example.comhttp://example.com/controllerhttp://example.com/controller /actionhttp://example.com/controller /action /key /value
File System Layoutapplication/ controllers/ ErrorController.php IndexController.php models/ views/ scripts/ error/ error.phtml index/ index.phtml helpers/ filters/html/ .htaccess index.phplibrary/ Zend/
html/
Your web server's document root.Contains the bootstrap file which all requests are routed through.Contains the .htaccess file which uses mod_rewrite to make sure all requests are rewritten to your bootstrap file.You can use regex so that requests for static files (e.g. js, ico, gif, jpg, png, css) are not rewritten to your bootstrap file.
html/.htaccess
RewriteEngine onRewriteRule !\.(js|ico|gif|jpg|png|css)$ index.php
php_value include_path ../libraryphp_flag register_globals offphp_value error_reporting 2047php_flag display_errors on
html/index.php (bootstrap file)
<?phprequire_once 'Zend/Controller/Front.php';Zend_Controller_Front::run('../application/controllers');
application/controllers/
Contains the Action Controllers for your web application.Each of your Action Controller will extend the Zend_Controller_Action class.Each of your Action Controller class names should end in "Controller." For example: FooController.Each Action Controller can have multiple actions represented by public functions ending in the name "Action." For example: barAction().
application/controllers/IndexController.php<?php/** Zend_Controller_Action */require_once 'Zend/Controller/Action.php';
class IndexController extends Zend_Controller_Action{ public function indexAction() { }}
application/views/scripts/
Contains the view scripts for your web application.Default extension for view scripts is .phtml.Controller name is used to match the directory and action name is used to match the view script.
Given FooController::barAction() the view script would be foo/bar.phtml.
application/views/scripts/index/index.phtml<!DOCTYPE htmlPUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"><html><head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8" /> <title>My first Zend Framework App</title></head><body> <h1>Hello, World!</h1></body></html>
application/controllers/ErrorController.php<?php/** Zend_Controller_Action */require_once 'Zend/Controller/Action.php';
class ErrorController extends Zend_Controller_Action{ public function errorAction() { }}
application/views/scripts/error/error.phtml<!DOCTYPE htmlPUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"><html><head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8" /> <title>Error</title></head><body> <h1>An error occurred</h1> <p>An error occurred; please try again later.</p></body></html>
application/models/
A place for your "model" code.I prefer to create a namespace in library that contains the models specific to the web application.
application/views/helpers/ &application/views/filters/
Custom view helpers and filters.Examples of Zend Framework built-in view helpers include formButton (for creating an XHTML form button), url (for creating URLs based on named routes), and htmlList (for generating unordered and ordered lists based on an array).Examples of Zend Framework built-in filters include HtmlEntities, StringToLower, and StringTrim.
library/
Library code used by your web application.Includes Zend directory which is where Zend Framework lives. I usually setup this up using svn:externals.When setting up my own libraries I like to follow the Zend Framework way of setting up namespaces.
What's Next?
More controllers and actionsSome "M" in MVC - Zend_Db is the next logical step for most web applicationsSend me an email requesting commit access to the example web application if you want a sandbox <bradley.holt@foundline.com>
Questions?