Post on 18-Dec-2015
Your “Do Now” 2/28• Get out the assignment from yesterday
(Sickle Cell)
• Work on the questions on Part C
• If done,review the stepsin Part B (what we did)
Your “Do Now” 2/28½ sheet of paper (up front)
1. What do you call making mRNA from DNA?
2. What do you call making a protein from mRNA?
3. Genes code for _________ which determine our traits
4. What do you call sets of 3 bases in mRNA?
5. What are set of 3 bases in tRNA that match-up to these?
Fact or Fiction?WOOLLY MAMMOTH
TO BE CLONEDSCIENTISTS CLONE DINOSAUR!
LAND-MINE DETECTING PLANTS CREATED
CH 12 Notes #4 Genetic Engineering
• Changing the genes (DNA) of an organism• When an organism’s DNA is changed, it makes
different proteins
Recombinant DNA
• Combining pieces of DNA from different organisms
• Why do it?– Put traits you want
into an organism that doesn’t have them
• First used in the 1970’s with bacteria.
How can recombinant DNA be used?Examples
1. Bacteria making human insulin
2. Curing/treating genetic diseases
3. Bacteria that “eat” oil spills
More examples--
4. Plants that make pesticides
5. Better foods (more “yield”)
• 70-75% of food in supermarket is genetically modified.
Transgenic organisms: any organism with another organism’s DNA in it
Examples
1. Mice – used to study human immune system
2. Chickens – more resistant to infections
3. Goats, sheep and pigs – produce human proteins in their milk
4. Tomatoes —longer lasting
5. Corn –making insecticides
Human DNA in a Goat Cell
This goat contains a human gene that codes for a blood clotting agent. The blood clotting agent can be harvested in the goat’s milk.
.
Transgenic Goat(not on notes)
Your “Do Now” 2/28Get out Notes #4 and be ready to answer these
questions:
1. What is genetic engineering?
2.What are 2 ways genetic engineering is used?
3. What are transgenic organisms?
4. What is cloning?
Agenda 2/28
• Finish Notes #4
• Genetic Engineering Online Exploration– I will put you in pairs today
• Share-out with the class
Summarizing Cloning Steps
1. Get a sample of an organism’s DNA
2. Insert it into an egg cell
3. Put the egg in another female
House Bill 2505Human Cloning Prohibition Act
• Prohibition on human cloning
• Criminal Penalty: Up to 10 years imprisonment
• Civil penalty: Minimum 1 million dollar fine
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7tbxN5uwaqA
The Human Genome
• “Map” of human genes (from DNA)
• Took 13 years to map all 20,000-25,000 genes in human DNA
Solving Crimes Getting a lot of evidence from a little bit of DNA ( PCR)
• PCR allows scientists to make many copies of a piece of DNA.
1. Heat the DNA so it “unzips”.
2. Add the complementary nitrogenous bases.
3. Allow DNA to cool so the complementary strands can “zip” together.
Gel Electrophoresis
• This technology allows scientists to identify someone’s DNA!
• Can be used to solve crimes
• OR prove paternity
Possible dangers of genetic engineering in crops
• Many varieties of corn are clones of the same plant
• If a bacteria or virus infects one plant, it could kill many!
Ethical issues with human genetic engineering
• Should we be allowed to choose our baby’s traits?
• Should we be allowed to clone a person?
Genetic Engineering Reading
• Exploring the pros and cons
• HIGHLIGHT or UNDERLINE any pros or cons
• ADD to notes page
BACK OF ARTICLEQuick write
• You are 18 and going to vote for a candidate. One wants to allow all kinds of GE to be allowed and one is against and GE. Which one would you vote for and why? (back up your claim with examples)
GE Online Activity
• I will put you in partners
• Follow directions on the sheet
• Pay attention to the times on the sheet!
• Call us over if you need help