WORLD WAR II

PART I

DICTATORS THREATEN WORLD PEACE

FAILURE OF WWI PEACE SETTLEMENT Treaty of Versailles- GERMANS

SAW NOTHING FAIR IN IT RUSSIA UPSET ABOUT HAVING

PART OF THEIR COUNTRY CARVED UP

NEW DEMOCRACIES COLLAPSED

JOSEPH STALIN- RUSSIA 1922 RUSSIA BECOMES COMMUNIST

SOVIET UNION COMMUNISM- = Dictator has

control of total economy, collective ownership of property, all goods are equally shared.

JOSEPH STALIN- “MAN OF STEEL”

ABOLISHED ALL PRIVATE FARMS

SET UP COLLECTIVES- LARGE GOVERNMENT OWNED FARMS, WORKED BY HUNDEREDS OF FAMILIES

Joseph Stalin

Stalin Continued “FIVE YEAR PLAN” TO BECOME THE

WORLDS 2ND LARGEST INDUSTRIAL POWER

KILLED 8-13 MILLION PEOPLE WHO THREATENED HIS POWER

TOTALITARIAN GOVERNMENT- GOVERNMENT THAT MAINTAINS COMPLETE CONTROL OVER ITS CITIZENS WHICH HAVE NO RIGHTS

FASCISM-ITALY BENITO MUSSOLINI CREATED A FASCIST STATE FASCISM- STRESSED

NATIONALISM AND PLACED THE INTEREST OF THE STATE ABOVE THOSE OF THE INDIVIDUALS

NAZISM- GERMANY ADOLF HITLER POWERFUL SPEAKER “MEIN KAMPF” (MY STRUGGLE)-

HITLERS BOOK THAT THE BASIC BELIEFS OF NAZISM

NAZISM- EXTREME NATIONALISM

Adolf Hitler

BELIEVED THAT GERMANS FORMED A MASTER RACE- RACIAL PURIFICATION-

NATIONAL EXPANSION- BELIEVED GERMANY NEEDED MORE LIVING SPACE

STORM TROOPERS (BROWN SHIRTS)- HITLERS PRIVATE ARMY

1933 HITLER APPOINTED CHANCELLOR AND ESTABLISHED THE “THIRD REICH”

“The Third Reich”

“The Second Reich”

Weimar Republic

“The First Reich”

Holy Roman Empire

U.S. RESPONDS CAUTIOUSLY

AMERICA CLINGS TO ISOLATIONISM NEUTRALITY ACTS1. OUTLAWED ARMS SALES OR

LOANS TO NATIONS AT WAR2. BAN OR ARMS TO NATIONS

ENGAGED IN CIVIL WAR

WAR IN

EUROPE

GERMANY UNITES WITH AUSTRIA 6 MILLION AUSTRIANS WERE

GERMAN GERMAN TROOPS MARCHED IN

UNOPPOSED THE WORLD DID NOTHING

THE SUDETENLAND WESTERN REGION OF

CZECHOSLOVAKIA- 3 MILLION GERMAN SPEAKING PEOPLE

HITLER MASSED HIS TROOPS IN THE BORDER

LED TO THE MUNICH AGREEMENT

THE SUDETENLAND

MUNICH AGREEMENT HITLER, FRENCH PREMIER DALDIER,

AND BRITISH PRIME MINISTER NEVILLE CHAMBERLAIN

HITLER CLAIMED THIS WOULD BE HIS LAST DEMAND

EAGER TO AVOID WAR THEY TURNED IT OVER TO HITLER WITHOUT A SHOT BEING FIRED

WINSTON CHURCHILL CLAIMED THEY ADOPTED A SHAMEFUL POLICY OF APPEASEMENT

APPEASEMENT- GIVING UP PRINCIPLES TO PACIFY AN AGRESSOR

NON-AGGRESSION PACT BETWEEN HITLER AND RUSSIA COMMITED TO NEVER ATTACK

EACH OTHER AGREED TO DIVIDE POLAND

BETWEEN THEM

Division of Poland

BLITZKRIEG- “LIGHTNING WAR”-TAKE THE ENEMY BY SURPRISE AND THEN QUICKLY CRUSH ALL OPPOSITION WITH OVERWHELMING FORCE

THE RESULT OF GERMAN AGRESSION SEPTEMBER 3- FRANCE AND

GREAT BRITAIN DECLARE WAR ON GERMANY

POLAND CEASED TO EXIST WORLD WAR II HAD BEGUN

PHONY WAR SEVERAL MONTHS OF NO WAR “SITZKRIEG”- THE SITTING WAR ENDED WITH A GERMAN

ADVANCE TAKING OVER DENMARK, NORWAY, NETHERLANDS, BELGIUM, AND LUXEMBOURG

FALL OF FRANCE GERMAN OFFENSIVE TRAPPED

400,000 FRENCH AND BRITISH TROOPS

ITALY ENTERED THE WAR ON THE SIDE OF GERMANY INVADING FRANCE FROM THE SOUTH

300,000 TROOPS SAVED BY CIVILIAN WATERCRAFT

BATTLE OF BRITAIN GERMAN INVASION OF LONDON GERMAN AIR FORCE BOMBED THE

CITY EVERY NIGHT FOR TWO MONTHS

BRITAINS ROYAL AIR FORCE FOUGHT BACK BY DESTROYING 185 GERMAN PLANES

SUCCESSFUL BECAUSE OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVICE - RADAR

AMERICA MOVES TOWARD WAR

CASH-N-CARRY ALLOWED WARRING NATIONS

TO BUY US ARMS AS LONG AS THEY TRANSPORTED THEM IN THEIR OWN SHIPS

THE AXIS-THREAT TRIPARTITE PACT-

ALLIANCE BETWEEN GERMANY, ITALY, JAPAN

AXIS MOTIVES AIMED AT KEEPING THE U.S. OUT

OF THE WAR- WOULD REQUIRE A TWO FRONT WAR FOR THE U.S.

FDR BEGINS PROVIDING AID TO BRITAIN

CONGRESS PASSED THE FIRST PEACETIME MILITARY DRAFT

LEND-LEASE BRITAIN HAD NO MORE CASH THE U.S. WOULD LEND ARMS

AND OTHER SUPPLIES TO ANY COUNTRY WHOSE DEFENSE WAS VITAL TO THE UNITED STATES

EXTENDED TO THE SOVIET UNION

GERMAN WOLF PACKS GERMAN U-BOATS PATROLLED

THE NORTH ATLANTIC FIRING ON CONVOYS

FDR GRANTED US WARSHIPS THE RIGHT TO ATTACK U-BOATS IN SELF-DEFENSE

ATLANTIC CHARTER SECRET MEETING BETWEEN

ROOSEVELT AND BRITISH PRIME MINISTER WINSTON CHURCHILL

JOINT DECALRATION OF WAR AIMS

ALLIES- THOSE NATIONS THAT WOULD FIGHT THE AXIS POWERS

SHOOT ON SIGHT USS GREER, THE PINK STAR

MERCHANT SHIP, USS KEARNEY, AND THE USS RUEBEN JAMES ATTACKED

UNITED STATES STARTS ARMING MERCHANT SHIPS

JAPAN ATTCKS

THE UNITED STATES

MILITARISM- JAPAN GLORIFICATION OF MILITARY LAUNCHED A SURPRISE

INVASION OF MANCHURIA CONDEMENDED BY THE LEAGUE

OF NATIONS, BUT SIMPLY LEFT THE LEAGUE

PUT MILITARIST IN FIRM CONTROL OF JAPAN

FAILURES OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS JAPANESE INVASION OF CHINA GERMANY BEGAN A MILITARY

BUILD-UP GERMANY SENT TROOPS INTO

THE RHINELAND (VIOLATION OF THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES)

ITALY INVADED ETHIOPIA

AMBITIONS IN THE PACIFIC HIDEKI TOJO- CHIEF OF STAFF OF

JAPAN’S ARMY TOOK OVER MILITARY BASES IN

INDOCHINA (VIETNAM, CAMBODIA, LAOS)

U.S. CUTOFF TRADE WITH THE JAPANESE

INCLUDED ONE GOOD THEY COULD NOT LIVE WITHOUT- OIL

PEACE TALKS FAILED

THE ATTACK DEC. 7 1941- “A DAY THAT WILL

LIVE IN INFAMY”- FDR 180 JAPANESE WAR PLANES

FROM SIX AIRCRAFT CARRIERS FOR NEARLY TWO HOURS ,

PLANES ATTACKED TARGET AFTER TARGET

2,403 KILLED AND 1,178 WOUNDED

SUNK OR DAMAGED 21 SHIPS- 8 BATTLESHIPS AND 300 AIRCRAFTS

MISSED KEY TARGETS 1. 3 CARRIERS OUT AT SEA 2. MISSED FUEL STORAGE AREAS

A STRIKING RESEMBLANCE BETWEEN 12/7 AND 9/11?????