WOOD DECAYWOOD DECAY Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives

Chemistry of Decay White rot and Brown rot

Wood Decay and Forest Ecology True heart rot and wound decay Conditions for decay and defense mechanisms Some important Decay Diseases:

Yellow brown top rot ; Brown crumbly rot Red ring rot; Red stringy rot; Red-brown butt rot

WOOD DECAYWOOD DECAY

IMPACTSIMPACTS SUCCESSION AND NUTRIENT CYCLING SUCCESSION AND NUTRIENT CYCLING WILDLIFE WILDLIFE VOLUME LOSS AND DEGRADEVOLUME LOSS AND DEGRADE PRODUCTSPRODUCTS HAZARDHAZARD

Phaeolus schweinitzii

Red-brown

butt rot

FOMITOPSIS PINICOLA

RED BELT CONK

“BROWN CRUMBLY ROT”

DECAY ECOLOGY

SAPROPHYTIC DECAY

Deterioration of Killed Deterioration of Killed Trees (% volume loss)Trees (% volume loss)

Windthrown Old Growth on the Olympic PeninsulaWindthrown Old Growth on the Olympic Peninsula

5 years 5 years 8 years 8 years 15 years 15 years

__________________________________________________________Douglas-firDouglas-fir 18% 18% 23% 23% 31 % 31 %

Sitka SpruceSitka Spruce 31% 31% 44% 44% 82% 82%

Western HemlockWestern Hemlock 55% 55% 87% 87% 100% 100%

Western redcedarWestern redcedar 8% 8% (8%) (8%) (8%) (8%)

Deterioration of Killed Deterioration of Killed Trees (% volume loss)Trees (% volume loss)

Beetle-killed Westside Douglas-firBeetle-killed Westside Douglas-firYEARSYEARS 1 1 33 55 7 7 9 9 11 11

LOSSLOSS 1%1% 9%9% 24% 38% 56% 70%24% 38% 56% 70%

WOUND DECAY

TOP ROT FOMITOPSIS CAJANDERI

“BROWN TOP ROT”

PHELLINUS PINI WHITE SPECK

TRUE HEART ROTS

“RED RING ROT”

INDIAN PAINT FUNGUS ECHINODONTIUM TINCTORUM

TRUE HEART ROT WHITE ROT

“RUST RED STRINGY ROT”

CHEMISTRY OF DECAYCHEMISTRY OF DECAY

BROWN ROT WHITE ROT

Webster and Weber, Cambridge Univ. Press

DEFENSE

DEFENSE AGAINST DISEASEDEFENSE AGAINST DISEASE

PASSIVE, PREFORMED, PASSIVE, PREFORMED, CONSTITUATIVECONSTITUATIVE OUTER PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL BARRIEROUTER PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL BARRIER

BARK/CUTICLEBARK/CUTICLE

HH22O, OO, O22, N LIMITS, N LIMITS HEARTWOOD CHEMISTRYHEARTWOOD CHEMISTRY

EXTRACTIVESEXTRACTIVES

DEFENSE AGAINST DISEASEDEFENSE AGAINST DISEASE

ACTIVE, RESPONSIVE, INDUCEDACTIVE, RESPONSIVE, INDUCED WALL THICKENINGWALL THICKENING PHENOLIC CHEMISTRYPHENOLIC CHEMISTRY WOUND PERIDERMWOUND PERIDERM PROGRAMMED CELL DEATHPROGRAMMED CELL DEATH

DEFENSE

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2

3

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