23-27 September 2013

WLI REGIONAL KNOWLEDGE EXCHANGE WORKSHOP ON DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS

AND MODELS

Djerba, Tunisia

Randa MASSAAD; Hadi JAAFAR; Ihab JOMAA (Lebanon)

Watershed location

1384 km2

El Qaa Village

Medite

rrane

an Se

a

El Qaa villageFTF Indicator: Number of hectares under improved technologies or management practices as a result of USG assistance: (300 ha)

Upscaling area (138,000 ha)Benchmark site (17,000 ha)36˚ 28’ 48”34 ˚ 20’ 31”

Pilot area(s) for data collection(17,000 ha)

Cadastral Limit of El Qaa village

Target population60 villages/Orontes Watershed

Benchmark = El Qaa villagepopulation 900 households 12000 total inhabitants 45 % adult male 55% adult female

WLI Goal and Intended Outputs

Please insert a picture that represents your work

Overall Goal: to improve the livelihoods of rural households and communities in areas where water scarcity, land degradation, and associated problems are prevalent.

Intended Outputs: 1. Integrated water and land-use strategies for policy-making, tools for sustainable benchmark management and organizational mechanisms for community inclusion at the benchmark site.2. Enhanced knowledge, skills and qualifications for key stakeholders in the benchmark sites.3. Improved rural livelihoods of farmers in the benchmark sites through the adoption of sustainable land and water management practices and livelihood strategies.

National water strategy in Lebanon: Strategic objectives for the Lebanese water SectorThe vision is: "Water: A right for every citizen, a resource for the whole country"

1- Production• Water quantity and quality

2- Transmission and Distribution• Insure proper water supply• Irrigation: Provide adequate quantities and quality of irrigation water and

water-saving irrigation techniques

3- Wastewater• Wastewater collection and treatment

The MEW has two main objectives, the infrastructure and the management of the water sector in Lebanon.

Infrastructure

Management of water sector in Lebanon1- Institutional and Organizational

2- Financial

3- Legal and Regulatory

4- Environmental Concerns

5- Awareness and Conservation

MoA strategy to reduce poverty- Good Agricultural Practices- Insure and distribute certified rootstocks- Subsidies some field crops- Irrigation water saving

techniques

Component1. Integrated water and land-use strategies

Activity 1. Investigation of water availability at the benchmark area, water distribution schemes analysis study

1/7/2013

1/27/2013

2/9/2013

2/24/2013

3/16/2013

5/18/2013

6/1/2013

6/15/2013

6/29/2013

7/13/2013

7/27/2013

8/10/2013

8/24/2013

9/7/20130

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

l/s

Source to Qaa Village

Source

Village

Difference

3%Slope

Najarims micro catchments

Activity2: Irrigation/rainfed (micro level harvesting water) at small scale rainwater harvesting at farm level

Component1. Integrated water and land-use strategies

3%Slope

Semi-circular bunds

Qaa: NDVI and FOV temporal and spatial changes during the 21st century

A GIS and Remote Sensing approachHadi Jaafar, PhD

FAFSAUB

Beirut, Lebanon9/12/2013

Brief• Area: 17383 ha • Cadastral: Qaa• Subject: Vegetation Changes• Period: 2000- 2013 ( May to August)• Index: Net difference vegetation and Fraction of Vegetation • Method: GIS, remote Sensing• Data: Landsat 5, 7 and 8• Sensors: TM, ETM, and LOI

Method

• ArcGIS data Model + Remote Sensing

(Gillies, et,al 1997)

Difference between IR and Visible (Red) Band Reflectances

GIS Model (Landsat 5)

GIS Model (Landsat 8)

FOV Time Series -Mean and Std. Dev.

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350.000

0.020

0.040

0.060

0.080

0.100

0.120

MEANLinear (MEAN)STDLinear (STD)

Time Period (2000- 2013)

Frac

tion

of V

eget

ation

FOV, July

• Highest in 2013

MODIS ET Results

• MOD13A2 NASA Product

July 2000 July 2007 July 2009 July 2011 July 20130.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

Evaporated Water (MCM)

Year MCM/Summer

2000 11.10

2007 9.42

2009 8.80

2011 10.34

Discussion & Conclusion

• Increase in NDVI in year 2013• 18% above average in general• Difference due to increase in agricultural lands• Increase in fraction of vegetation cover• Difference implies increase in evapotranspiration• Less downstream flow to lower parts of Orontes

Activity 4: Conservation agriculture or no-tillage

On-farm pilot-testing of conservation agriculture (CA) continued at a 2 dunum testing site and a 2 dunum control site

Planted :December with 18kg/dn of Durum wheat " Lahn".

Fertilizers and herbicides were added in February

The aim of the experiment is to compare CA to the conventional agriculture CV in the same land and same conditions. The experiment is expected to prove to farmers that CA can reduce the risk of crop failure in dry years, due its positive effects on the soil moisture levels.

A farmer who is willing for water harvesting techniques to be pilot tested on his land was identified.

Field Day

Results year 2013..Yield Conventional

AgricultureKg/du

Conservation AgricultureKg/du

Seeds 410 540Total Biomass 1368 1757Strow 958 1216

Printed a booklet on wheat in Arabicfor farmers (Plant Breeding Department and seed production)

-varieties-Irrigation-Agricultural management…(fertilizer, harvesting..).Delivered in OctoberFounded by WLI project

Component1. Integrated water and land-use strategies

Activities suggested for 2014

Activity 1: Investigation of water availability at the benchmark area, water distribution schemes analysis study

Activity2: Irrigation/rainfed (micro level harvesting water) at small scale rainwater harvesting at farm level Activity 4: Conservation agriculture or no-tillage

Activity 5:On farm demonstration trial (Wheat, Barley and Chickpea)

Activity 6: Effect of compost as a mulch on water productivity of sprinkle-irrigated potatoes in till and no-till systems (AUB)

Thank you