Wireless JavaPossibilities, Services, Limitations, and Competitors

.Wireless Java

About this presentation

Show you what you can do with Java today, and tomorrow• Overview of Wireless Java

• Why Java?

• Possibilities, limitations, and future expectations

What about wireless services?

Market penetration of mobile Internet expected to reach 25% within 4 years (Forrester)

Mobile Commerce in Europe alone is worth US $ 23 billion within 2003 (Durlacher) http://www.analysys.com/Articles/StandardArticle.asp?iLeftArticle=1003&i=20

Years to Reach 25% Market Penetration

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Telephone PC Cellular Internet Mobileinternet

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M-business revenues Europe 2000-2005

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Forrester, 2001 Durlacher, 1999

What is Wireless Java?

J2EE Server

Wireless GatewayPhone

Internet

HTTP

Java on the terminal – J2ME/MIDPServer-side Java creating content for a terminal

Java 2 Micro Edition

JavaCardJ2ME

CLDC

J2EE

Application Server

Application Server

Enterprise Services

Enterprise Services

Standard LibraryStandard Library

J2SE

JVM (HotSpot)JVM (HotSpot)

JavaCard APIJavaCard API

JCREJCRE

CDC

CLDC Core APICLDC Core APICLDC Core APICLDC Core API

CVMCVM KVMKVM

PD

A P

rofile

PD

A P

rofile

Mobile

In

tern

et

Device

Mobile

In

tern

et

Device

Oth

er

Pro

file

Oth

er

Pro

file

Perso

n

Pro

file

Perso

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Pro

file

Foundatio

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rofile

Foundatio

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rofile

Java LanguageJava Language

Example of MIDP applications

MasterMind Java Fly By Report Sheet Snake

Screenshots from Sun’s Wireless Toolkit

What can MIDP do?

Standard programming tasks• Calculations, threads, string handling, etc.

Display UI and handle input• Low-level (control pixel drawing, input events)

• High-level (forms, fields, etc)

Store data Simple network usage (http) Limited functionality: Easy to learn

Screenshot of Nokia’s Wireless Java SDK

Usage scenario: Enterprise Applications

Mobilize your workforce!

Usage scenario: Games

Why Java on the Terminal?

Unique possibilities• Offline usage

• Client-intensive computations

• Complex graphics and animations

Find and develop added value propositions

Why Java? Availability and platform independence

The promise of platform independence is suddenly extremely valuable

The promise of network deployment is suddenly even more valuable

JCP: Process controlled by handset manufacturers

Availability: 2 pieces of good news, one piece of bad

Image copyright Sarah Brodwall

Good news: 25 million Java Phones!

Bad news: 18-20 million of these in Asia

Good news: More are coming

Sun is estimating 80-100 million Java phones by the end of 2002

Vendors are announcing more Java phones in 2nd half of 2002

From forum.nokia.com:• “Nokia alone intends to deliver tens of millions of

terminals with Java technology by the end of the year (2002).”

New Phones (http://microjava.com)

MIDP 1.0 Limitations

Hard to make low-level GUI (games) – limited support for colors, transparent images

High-level GUI only at about same level as WAP 1.1 No standard for communicating with phone

functionality Cannot handle incoming communication (server

sockets or messages) Only recommendations for provisioning/deployment

MIDP 2.0

JSR 118, led by Motorola Release: Q3 2002? Phones: Q2 2003? Adds

• Game UI classes (spites, layers), UI

• Media classes (can play files or streams)

• Security: Trusted MIDlets and HTTPS

• Push message reception

• OTA deployment is required

http://www.jcp.org/jsr/detail/118.jsp

Other interesting specs

JSR-75: PDA Profile (public review) JSR-82: Bluetooth (final release March) JSR-120: Wireless Messaging (final release Aug) JSR-135: Mobile Media API (final release Jun) JSR-139: CLDC 1.1 (public review) JSR-172: J2ME Web Services (just started)

Competition

Browsing (WAP): Only applicable for some uses Pocket PC/.NET Compact Framework/Wince: Targets high-end

devices, enterprise apps. But more powerful than MIDP. Symbian/Palm OS/BREW/Motorola MIX: Device-specific; may

be harder to deploy. But more powerful than MIDP.

Source: ESRI

MIDP: Conclusion

MIDP 1.0 will be available on many devices

MIDP offers device independence and code download

MIDP 1.0 has many limitations, MIDP 2.0 will address most

MIDP is easy to master

Server Side Wireless Applications

Browsing (WAP) Messaging (SMS, MMS)

Voice (VoiceXML)

Server side applications

J2EE Server

Wireless Gateway

Phone

Internet

Wap

WML/HTTP

SMIL/HTTP

VoiceXML/HTTP

Phone

Messages

Modem Bank

Voice Browser

VoiceXML/HTTP

Audio

Audio

Mobile Browser Overview

Java 2 Enterprise Edition

WAP Gateway

3. WML4. Compiled WML

1. OTA Request 2. HTTP Request

Simple for the content provider!

Mobile Browser Overview

Source: http://wap.systek.no/

WAP’s Failure

Too little, too late Too slow Limited service potential (billing) Expensive to use! Heterogeneous devices

WAP’s Comeback

Faster networks (GPRS) Cheaper networks (GPRS) Faster phones/browsers Better browsers Third party “multi-channel” software

WAP is having a renaissance

Typical Browser Services:

Information services• Online address-book

• News

Product/company presentation m-Commerce m-Banking Application download

Messaging

SMS, MMS, and WAP Push SMS-interfaces not standardized SMS still successful MMS is standardized

• Based on SMTP or HTTP for transport,

• SMIL for presentation

Modern terminals support WAP push

MMS architecture

Java 2 Enterprise Edition

MMS Gateway

1. SMIL over HTTP or SMTP

2. Notification over SMS

3. Request and response over WAP

Simple for the content provider!

Messaging Services

Configuration messages, pictures, ring-tones• (Browsing services are better for this, though)

Alerts!• Weather, traffic, news, stocks, email• Surveillance alarms: Control systems, cameras, panic-buttons• Service Announcements

Chatting• Can be enhanced with images

Messaging – Surveillance Alarm

Messaging – Service Announcement

Bluetooth.exe

Voice: What is It?

Voice was first phone killer app! Most systems today: IVRs

• Recorded messages

• DTMF keys

On the horizon: VoiceXML• Adds: Text-to-speech, voice command

• Provides an easy interface for service provider

• Metaphor: Filling out forms

Voice Architecture

J2EE Server

HTTP/VoiceXML

VoiceVoice Browser

Simple for the content provider!

Voice Services

Can be used with regular phones, pay-phones, and mobile phones

Challenging to design good UI• Imagine a two-level menu with 5*10 options

• Imagine call-center maze syndrome

May be very powerful and user friendly Killer app: Yellow pages, ticket ordering,

directions

VoiceXML FAQ

Yes, it is available now! Yes, it works! Yes, it is available in Norwegian!

Comparison

J2ME/MIDP• Offline use, graphics, games

Browsing (WAP)• Information search and viewing

Messaging• User-to-user, alerts, news, service announcement

Voice• Broad user base, appropriate end-user usage

Will Java Lead to a Breakthrough in Wireless Services?

Terminal: MIDP 1.0 (J2ME) Server side: HTTP services (J2EE)

The data services marked will increase Data services will become ubiquitous Find the added value propositions!

Java is positioned for the present and the future