YANKTON MIDDLE SCHOOLPerfect Attendance 4th Quarter 2011-12

8th Grade — Grace Adam,Austin Ament, Hope Bentley, Ash-ley Bilbery, Garner Brandt, Sa-vannah Busskohl, KourtneyChristensen*, Renee Cross,Micah Davenport, Amy Doering,Sophie Drotzmann, ChristopherEilers, Javier Flores, DonovanFoster, Laurel Friedenbach, ColinGarvey-Muth, Jeryka Goble, TylerGuthmiller, Christopher Haas, Mi-randa Headley, Thomas Hill*,Hannah Johnson, Keeley Klein-sasser, Jeffrey Kollers, Ciara Kul-havy*, Ciara LaCroix, LanaeLane, Cody List, Kevin Magana,Dustin McClean, Adriana Mc-Manus, Ben Mooney, Kaisee Mur-phy, Denver O’Donnell, AbbyOien, Andrew Peitz, Alexis Pe-tersen, Austin Pippin, Jared Raf-ferty*, Blake Savey, KierraSchaeffer, Ethan Schantz, AllenSchild, Haley Schild, Alexis Se-jnoha, Jacob Smith, BradeySorenson, Samantha Straatmeyer,Mikayla Trenhaile, HannahWilliams, Casey Zweber

7th GRADE — Jacey Ander-berg, Britney Bradwisch, Jere-miah Braxton, David Brown, IanBruder, Haleigh Diede, AJ Fernan-dez, Shanna Hill*, Alex Ketter,Chris Kinsley, Kyle Klein-schmidt*, Anna Kokesh, Alex Ko-talik, Luke Lammers*, DylanLynde, Sophie McKee, DevonMines-Alver, Travis Munyer, Lau-ryn Perk, Shaun Pinkelman*,Shelby Radack, Dylan Rausch,Abbigale Rehurek, HunterSanders*, Cameron Schindler,Cole Schlaefli, Isaac Schulz*,Samantha Simonsen, MadisonStyles*, Dilyn Tramp, Hailey Vail-lancourt

6th Grade — Brenna Becker,Eli Bos, Kayla Brown*, Josh Carr,Alex Cutler, Jaxson Erickson,Ethel Florez, Tessa Folkers, TatenGale, Josh Galvin-Hofer, JazmynGunderson, Bradley Hento, Tay-lor Kotschegarow, McKenziKruger, Cooper Kuchta, VictoriaLammers*, Nicole Langdon,Adam Lange, Haley Larson,Brooklyn Maldonado, CalvinMarsh, Madison McClure*, RyanModeregger*, Jacob Nelson,Tyler Odens, Tyler O’Donnell*,Tate O’Hara, Karley Olson*, SaraOrdaz, Aurora Papstein, CarterPeterson, Darin Pinkelman,Eleanor Rhoades, Devin Roberts,Anna Savey, Lauren Schild,Corissa Schwartz, Katrina

Thomas, Dalton Van Buren, Abi-gail Van Osdel, Lauren Vik, Ben-jamin Wold, Isiah Woods, GavinYasat

(* — Indicates student withPerfect Attendance for EntireYear)

FREEMAN ACADEMY3rd TRIMESTER HONOR

ROLLGOLD HONOR ROLL (3.60 -

4.00)Seventh GradeNoneEighth Grade*Polly Carlson*Ryan HaggertyEmma Littel-Jensen*Sarah MillerJorge SanchezBethany Wollman*Hannah YoderFreshmenOlivia BoeseEmily EppAnran “Astera” HeClara Koerner*Brooklyn RiesAustin VanDiepenSophomores*Gabriel EisenbeisMeghan HoferJuniorsBen Carlson*Lizzie Davis*Lea GraberMatthew GraberCalvin Janssen*Christopher MillerElizabeth Sanchez*Michael VanDiepen

*Chelsea WentzSeniorsMakayla EppCaleb Glader*Christina HoferNatalie Miller*Brittney Ries*Jaime Tschetter* Denotes 4.0 Grade Point Av-

erageMAROON HONOR ROLL

(3.20 - 3.59)Seventh GradeJesse BalzerDerian VoigtEighth GradeIan HoferFreshmenYunxi “Cicy” LiBrennan WaltnerSophomoresTristan AshwellJuniorsAmber DissingSelina KunziYi Zhi “Ariel” LinXiuMin SunNoah YoderSeniorsAdam UnruhDAKOTA STATE UNIVERSITY

MADISON — The followinglocal students were named to thePresident’s Academic Honors listfor the spring semester at DakotaState University (DSU) in Madi-son:

• Michael Hunhoff from Yank-ton, with highest honors

• Andrea McManus from Volin• Emily Robinson from

Yankton, with highest honors• Brian Van De Rostyne from

Yankton A total of 353 students quali-

fied for the honors list. Highesthonors were earned by 121 stu-dents who achieved a 4.0 gradepoint average; the remaining stu-dents earned a 3.5 to 3.99 aver-age to qualify for the honors list.

MINNESOTA STATE UNIVERSITYMOORHEAD

MOORHEAD, Minn. — The fol-lowing student has been namedto the Minnesota State UniversityMoorhead Dean’s List in recogni-tion of academic achievement forthe 2012 spring semester. Stu-dents must maintain a 3.25 orhigher grade point average andcarry 12 graded credits to qualifyfor the honor.

• Joseph Benda, Yankton,Computer Science

KIRKWOOD COMMUNITY COLLEGE CEDAR RAPIDS, Iowa — Kirk-

wood Community College has re-leased its Dean’s List for thespring semester. This studenthas achieved a 3.3 grade pointaverage or higher after complet-ing 12 or more credit hours withthe college.

The Kirkwood student fromthe area earning this distinctionis listed below:

• Derek Jacobson, Jefferson.

BY DR. MIKE ROSMANN

In many ways, post traumaticstress disorder (PTSD) is a nor-mal response that has gonehaywire.

The initial trigger situationmight be: the explosion of abomb alongside an Afghanistanroad; severe farm financial pres-sures, such as loan foreclosure;getting hit on a high-way by a drunk driverwhose vehicleswerved into yourlane; or any severetraumatic event.

Traumatic eventsare dangerous to ourphysical or emotionalwell-being and elicitdistress.

In 1915, Dr. WalterCannon, a HarvardUniversity physiologyprofessor, demon-strated how we dealwith threatening situa-tions by avoiding thethreat or confronting it. Hecalled this the “Flight or FightResponse.”

Later, Dr. Martin Seligman, aUniversity of Pennsylvania psy-chologist, added a third re-sponse - “Freeze.” Also calledlearned helplessness, to freeze isto become emotionally paralyzedand unable to do anything.

Stimuli that remind us of thethreatening event (e.g., loudnoises that remind the soldier ofa roadside bomb exploding, afriendly chance encounter with abank official that reinstates fore-closure fears or becoming upsetwhen you are driving down thesame highway where the drunkdriver wrecked your vehicle andinjured you) trigger alarmreactions.

Becoming alarmed is meantto protect us. But, when we over-react and become alarmed un-necessarily by non-threateningevents only because they remindus of the initial stressor, we havedeveloped PTSD.

Even bad dreams can triggerdistress.

Our physiological and psy-chological reactions to stresscomprise what is called theArousal-Depletion Cycle. Alsocalled the General AdaptationSyndrome, the phases of thecycle include:

We appraise a situation asthreatening because it can harmus in some way.

Our nervous system becomesaroused by a flood of neurotrans-mitter chemicals (chiefly adrena-line), which prepare us to takeflight from the threat, fight thethreat or to freeze.

Our muscles tense, our heartspeeds up, blood pressure in-creases and our senses sharpen,such as our pupils dilate to takein visual information. In short,we are alert and alarmed.

After the threat dissipates orbecause we appraise the situationas no longer threatening or be-cause we have taken flight, foughtthe threat or became emotionallyhelpless and froze, afterwards ournervous system tries to resume astate of normalcy.

Our adrenal gland secretescortisol. This helps us recuperateand prepare for the next threat.

It allows muscles and pupils torelax, our heart to slow down andmakes us feel tired. It encouragesthe accumulation of fat reservesfor future emergencies.

If no additional threats occur,our nervous system is able to pro-duce serotonin and norepinepher-ine. These are essentialtransmitter chemicals that give usa sense of well-being, increase our

tolerance of pain and help us torelax.

Each time another threat trig-gers our alarm, the connectionbetween the stimulus events andour reaction of flight, fight orfreeze strengthens.

Sometimes the threats arereal, such as repeated deploy-ments to war zones and furtherexposures to intermittent explo-

sive devices. We mightendure further legal ac-tions stemming frombankruptcy or wemight encounter an-other erratic driver.

But, when we can’tstop ourselves from re-acting unnecessarily totriggers that aren’t re-ally dangerous, wehave acquired alearned bad habit. Es-sentially, PTSD is habit-ual but unnecessaryrepetition of thearousal-depletioncycle.

Just like multiplestressors wear down our ability tocope physiologically and psycho-logically, repeated exposures totriggers— whether real or learnedbad habits— result in fatigue andchronic depletion of serotoninand norepinepherine. We becomeexhausted and depressed.

Even our immune system canbecome compromised in its abil-ity to ward off disease. PTSD, withits accompanying depression,contributes to an increased risk ofsuicide.

We can grow so weary of therepeated cycles that we want onlyto escape what seems like endlesstorment.

WHAT CAN WE DO WHEN WEHAVE DEVELOPED PTSD?

PTSD seldom goes away on itsown. The most effective treat-ments include relearning how tomanage ourselves, usually withthe assistance of a trained and ex-perienced professional caregiver,so we don’t incorrectly interpretevery reminder of the initialthreat as dangerous.

Anti-anxiety medications oftenare needed to gain control overour physiological reactions. Re-learning works best when we feelsafe, understood by those whoare assisting us and have othersto coach us through rough times.

Next week, I will follow up withmore information about resourcesfor farm people dealing withPTSD, including returning sol-diers, who originated from farmand rural backgrounds.

As you may know, soldierswho trace their origins to farmand rural life are disproportion-ately represented among ourmilitia.

Dr. Rosmann is a clinical psy-chologist and farmer; he livesnear Harlan, Iowa. For previouslypublished columns and his recentbook, “Excellent Joy: Fishing,Farming, Hunting and Psychol-ogy,” see the website: www.agbe-havioralhealth.com..

———SPONSORED BY LEWIS AND CLARK

BEHAVIORAL HEALTH

Wednesday, 6.13.12ON THE WEB: www.yankton.net

NEWS DEPARTMENT: news@yankton.net 5PRESS DAKOTANlife

Dr. Mike

ROSMANN

JUNE 29 - 30 , 2012 • RIVERSIDE PAR K SURVIVORS’ LAP • 6:00 P M

YANKTON AREA RELAY FOR LIFE

Name: ______________________________________________________________________ Gender: M / F

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4:30-5:30 PM Survivor Registration 5:00-5:30 PM Survivor Celebration/Meal

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This registration form can be returned to: Avera Sacred Heart Cancer Center – Attn. Darla Gullikson

1115 W 9th St., Yankton, SD 57078 Survivor Registration forms can also be completed on the

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BY TERENCE PEDERSEN, DPM, FACFASAvera Foot and Ankle Clinic

The barrier to a perfect golf swing could liein your big toe, your heel or on the ball of yourfoot. These are the three areas of your feetmost likely to cause pain that can ruin yourgolf swing.

Behind these pain-prone spots can lie stiffjoints, stretched-out tissues and even nervedamage. But pain relief is possible and fre-quently does not require surgery.

The three most common painful foot condi-tions that can ruin your golf swing are heelpain, arthritis and pinched nerves.

• Arthritis can cause pain in the joint ofyour big toe that makes it difficult to follow-through on your golf swing.

• Heel pain typically results from an inflam-mation of the band of tissue that extends from

your heel to the ball of your foot. People withthis condition compare the pain to someonejabbing a knife in their heel. Heel pain canmake it uncomfortable for golfers to maintaina solid stance during crucial portions of theirgolf swing.

• Neuromas are nerves that become thick-ened, enlarged and painful because they’vebeen compressed or irritated. A neuroma inthe ball of your foot can cause significant painas your body transfers its weight from onefoot to the other in a golf swing.

Several other painful conditions can alsocause instability during your swing. Some ath-letes and former athletes develop chronic ankleinstability from previous ankle sprains thatfailed to heal properly. Motion-limiting arthritisand achilles tendonitis can also affect your bal-ance. Ill-fitting golf shoes may cause corns andcalluses that make standing uncomfortable.

For the majority of golfers and other pa-tients, I recommend simple treatments suchas custom orthotic devices (shoe inserts),stretching exercises, changes to your shoes,medications, braces or steroid injections andphysical therapy. However, if these conserva-tive measures fail to provide adequate relief,surgery may be required.

Foot pain is not normal. With the treat-ment options available to you, a pain-free golfswing is clearly in view. When your feet aren’tin top condition, your golf swing won’t be ei-ther.

Dr. Pedersen, Avera Foot and Ankle Clinic,is board certified by the American Board ofPodiatric Surgery and is a Fellow of the Amer-ican College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons.

PTSD: SurvivalMechanismGone Awry

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