Post on 17-Oct-2020
Webinar Gender and climate change: from indicators to policy design
Carolina Rivera, carolina.rivera@undp.org
Human Development Report Office, UNDP
New York, January 2019
Introduction
I. Gender and climate change indicators
Identifying and understanding gender relevance
Determining the need for information
II. Elements of indicators
Choosing data sources
Ensuring data quality
III. Linkages to policy
Analysis of indicators
Contrast with policies in place
Gender and climate change: from indicators to policy
Diagnosis/ Definition
Design
Implementation
Monitoring
Evaluation
When can we use indicators?
throughout all
the policy
cycle
I. Gender and climate change indicators
1
2Understanding
gender
relevance
3
Choosing
data sources4
5
Comparing with
current policies
to identify gaps
Processing and
analyzing data
Determining
the need for
information
Using indicators for relevant policy analysis
Identifying and understanding gender relevance
Environmental conditions have a different impact on the lives of women and men:
What are the policy relevant questions?
1
access to water
access to energyhealth and mortality
unremunerated work
violence risks
Identifying and understanding gender relevance
Women’s role in environmental protection is disadvantaged by unequal
access to:
What are the policy relevant questions?
1
Education and training
Information and technologies
Decision making
Identifying and understanding gender relevance
Indicators at the national level could set
a general outlook of the environmental
and/or gender status in a country.
- Describing the development challenge
- Defining the problem
What are the policy relevant questions?
1
Diagnosis/ Definition
Gender Inequality Index
Identifying and understanding gender relevance1
Gender Inequality Index (GII)
Maternal mortality ratio
Share of seats in parliament
Female population with at least
some secondary education
Labor force participation rate
0.383 0.549
64 510
19.78 23.26
51.09 29.22
58.8 62.4
Colombia Kenya
Multidimensional Poverty Index
Identifying and understanding gender relevance1
% of the population
in poverty
37.34
3.3
8.7
12.7
12.7
18.7
20.6
22.1
27.8
29.7
30.9
Drinking water
School attendance
Nutrition
Child mortality
Assets
Electricity
Sanitation
Cooking…
Years of schooling
Housing
% of people who are poor and deprived in….
Bhutan Uganda % of the population
in poverty
56.76
% of people who are poor and deprived in….
5.6
13.8
22.6
26.4
34.2
41.9
49.2
49.9
50.0
56.4
Child mortality
School attendance
Years of schooling
Assets
Nutrition
Drinking water
Housing
Electricity
Sanitation
Cooking…
Policy relevant question
Do women and men equally participate on agricultural
activities?
When water is not available on household premises, do
women and men participate equally in water
collection?
Are women more involved than men in sustainable
consumption of energy and environmentally-friendly
behavior (saving energy)?
Do women use public transportation for commuting
more often than men?
Examples
Agriculture
Water
Energy
Transportation
What are the policy relevant questions?
Determine the need for information
What kind of data do I need to
answer the policy relevant questions?
To assess the impact of the environment
on women’s and men’s lives
- Data on water and firewood collection
- Data on the health impact of
environmental conditions
- Data necessary to estimate the
gender‐differentiated impact of
natural disasters
To analyze the management of the
environment from a gender perspective
- Data on managerial positions in
environment by gender
- Data on education students by fields of
study and gender
- Data on population regularly involved
in recycling, water saving, energy
saving, use of ecofriendly products and
proper garbage disposal
2
Examples
Agriculture
Water
Policy relevant question Data needed
Do women and men equally participate
on agricultural activities?
- Population employed in agriculture.
When water is not available on
household premises, do women and men
participate equally in water
collection?
- Households/population by
availability of water on the premises
and sex of the person usually
collecting water.
- Persons involved in water collection
by sex and age.
- Time spent on water collection by sex
and age.
II. Elements of indicators
Multiple Indicator
Cluster Survey
(MICS)
Demographic and
Health Survey
(DHS)
First-hand information
collected by the surveyor.
Population
Census
Administrative
registers
Household
surveys
Secondary sources
Primary sources
Choosing data sources3
Gathered from studies,
surveys, or experiments that
have been run by other
people or for other research
Choosing data sources
International
Organizations
National
government or
NGOs
Local
government or
NGOs
Data collection questionnaires focus groupssurveys
3
Institution Data base Link
UNDP Human development indicators http://hdr.undp.org/en/data
World Bank World development indicators https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/world-
development-indicators
OPHI
University of
Oxford
Multidimensional poverty
indicators
https://ophi.org.uk/multidimensional-poverty-index/mpi-
resources/
UNEP Environmental data explorer http://geodata.grid.unep.ch/
IEA International Energy Agency https://www.iea.org/statistics/?country=WORLD&year=2016&category=Energy
%20supply&indicator=TPESbySource&mode=chart&dataTable=BALANCES
OECD OECD Stats https://stats.oecd.org/
UNDESA Environment statistics https://unstats.un.org/unsd/envstats/qindicators.cshtml
FAO FAO Data and statistics http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data
WHO Global Health Observatory
WHO Mortality Database
https://www.who.int/gho/en/
https://www.who.int/healthinfo/mortality_data/en/
Ensuring data quality3
valid reliable precise
measurable timelyprogrammatically
important
Policy relevant question Data needed Source of data
When water is not available on
household premises, do women and
men participate equally in water
collection?
- Households/population by
availability of water on the
premises and sex of the person
usually collecting water.
- Persons involved in water
collection by sex and age.
- Time spent on water collection by
sex and age.
- Household surveys, such as DHS
and MICS.
- Time-use surveys.
Do women and men equally
participate on agricultural activities?
- Population employed in
agriculture.
- World development indicators
from the World Bank.
Examples
Agriculture
Water
Examples
Ecuador
29.8
22.8
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
% of male employment in agriculture
% of female employment in agriculture
Percentage of the population employed in agriculture by gender
(modeled ILO estimate), 2008-2017
Source: World development
indicators, World Bank.
Agriculture
III. Linkages to public policy
How to use indicators in the policy cycle?
Project documents
Presentations
AnalysisProposals
Local approaches
Analyzing data4
- Defining units of analysis
- Data disaggregation by gender, age, ethnicity,
state/municipality
- Choosing data visualization mode:
Comparing with current policies5
Laws and
regulations
Programs
and policies
Budget and
resources
Policy relevant
question
Data needed Source of data Indicator Current policy Gaps
When water is not
available on
household
premises,
do women and
men participate
equally in water
collection?
- Households/po
pulation by
availability of
water on the
premises and
sex of the
person usually
collecting water.
- Persons involved
in water
collection by
sex and age.
- Time spent on
water collection
by sex and
age.
- Household
surveys, such as
DHS and MICS.
22.1% does not
have access to
sanitation while
3.3% does not
have access to
clean water.
Policy in place
does not have a
gender component.
Targeted policies
to increase the
access to clean
water in
households with
female head.
ExamplesBhutan
Policy
relevant
question
Data needed Source of
data
Indicator Current policy Gaps
Do women
and men
equally
participate
on
agricultural
activities?
- Population
employed
in
agriculture.
- World
development
indicators
from the
World Bank.
- National
statistics of
Ecuador.
- In 2017, 22.77% of women
were employed in the
agriculture sector. This
indicator has been
increasing since 2011 but
experienced a decrease the
last years.
- In 2015 48.2% of women
working in agriculture are
informal workers.
Sectoral national
policy has a
gender
perspective to
assign financial
resources to
women working on
the agricultural
sector.
Policy or program
to encourage the
formalization of
women working in
agriculture.
ExamplesEcuador
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